Hello and welcome to Sparta lines your One Stop destination for the civil services preparation upsc KPSC another relevant examination we will try and understand some of the important articles which are in use from the Hindu newspaper which are important both from the pre as well as your Mains
Perspective let’s get started and look into the first article the first article speaks about one of the important news that has been in the picture what is it we are speaking about the scam that is so called alleged to have taken place in the state of Andhra Pradesh what is this
Camp all about why was the former Chief Minister arrested why was he taken under the judicial custody we will understand everything in a detailed video so what is that you have to wait for you have to wait for this video to be released because we will be covering this article
Detailing in an elaborate way so we will not be covering under today’s Hindu analysis but this article currently goes on to say that this entire scenario all the circumstance or the picture that has arrived is primarily because of the political band data politics so should it happen should it not happen is that
Genuine concern that has to be addressed what is this corruption scam Scandal all about we will discuss this in detail in an elaborate video which will be released shortly so we will not be taking up as part of the Hindu analysis so let’s look into the next article this
Article here is speaking about the concept of fraternity that is mentioned in the constitution of India we have the Preamble of the Indian constitution what is the Preamble The Preamble is like a pre-phase to the constitution of India it is like an identity card it is like
An entry pass to the constitution of India which gives the objectives of the entire Constitution so if a person asks what is the constitution of India explain me in a nutshell ask the person to read The Constitution’s preamble so it is the preamble which gives us an
Idea a window to see what the entire Constitution is the entire constitution in nutshell is given as the Preamble which happens to be the pre-phase of the Indian constitution when we look into the Constitution we have the Preamble which happens to be a very important part and happens to the preface to the
Indian constitution it says we the people of India when it comes to the Constitution of the country we have the Preamble which can be segmented into four parts one part happens to be the source of the Preamble what is the source of the Preamble the source of the
Preamble happens to be from where the Preamble gets its power the Constitution gets its power so it is we the people of India us individual Community all of us come together and it is at this particular point the source of the Preamble emanates from what is the
Source the source is that it is the power of the people the people elect putting the representatives the representative selecting them and casting their Viewpoint in the parliament of our country so the Constitution basically says that the power is from we the people of the country next what we have
To look at is the nature of the Indian constitution and the nature of the Indian constitution is given in the Preamble what does it say it says that India happens to be a sovereign country socialist country secular country Democratic as well as Republic what is this we spoke about the source of the
Constitution we spoke about the source of the Preamble now what we have is the nature of the Indian Preamble what is the Sovereign nature a sovereign nature is that particular identity of a country which basically would be able to Define and decide what its policies are and
Will not be super imposed or will not be dictated by another Power if there is a country which dictates what should be the policy what should be the foreign diplomatic means and measures that is not a sovereign country a sovereign country is a country which should be
Able to decide its own policies at the domestic level at the international level and would be able to Decay everything on its own independent decision making process that is what is Sovereign next what we have is socialist socialist basically means that you have the state you have the state which
Includes the government which will be able to take care of the major responsibilities of the people of the country why did we go ahead and decide that this socialist has to be included in the Preamble and in the constitution of India that is because when you look
At how India was governed prior to Independence we have the imperialistic government we had a colonial government which was conducting its governance in the country so there when you look at United Kingdom or for example in the western Powers they had a concept of what is called as the liberalism they
Had a concept of what is called as capitalism where it was all under the control of the market forces as well as under the control of few people let’s go back to the year 1929. what happened in 1929 there was a Great Depression this Great Depression was a creation of the
Capitalism so he still has thought couple of lessons so immediately after Independence the government feels the political leaders feel that we have to give importance to the government because it is the government which has the repository it is the government which has the custodian of all the money
So they would be able to spend for the larger impact of the people so immediately after Independence what we had is socialism which was present implicitly and that was made explicitly in one of the Constitutional Amendments which was introduced as part to the Indian constitution which is this amendment which introduced socialist
Principle into the Preamble please put it in the comment section then we know for the fact what is the meaning of secular it is also part of the basic structure of the Indian constitution and secular basically means that the state will have no religion we will not be a theological Society theological country
Like Pakistan so all religions will be treated equally then we are democratic and we are Republic as well which will not be represented by one particular family or by one king or the kingdom what we will have is democracy where people will elect their elected representatives whosoever the
Person is would be able to contest the elections and ultimately what we will have is people electing their own Representatives which is what is the nature of the Indian constitution which is given in the Preamble now what we have to look at is the objectives of the
Preamble what are the objectives of the Preamble the objectives of the Preamble include Justice Liberty equality and fraternity and one of the objectives of the Preamble happens to be the fraternity which is what is the focus of this article so what is this fraternity all about as we have discussed this
Fraternity is mentioned in the Constitution directly as well as indirectly where is it mentioned directly as we have now discussed it is part of the Preamble what does it say fraternity assuring Dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation is what is mentioned in
The Preamble of the Indian constitution added to it we also have the fundamental duties as well the fundamental duties under article 51 a e says to promote Harmony and the spirit of common Brotherhood among all people of India now the question is what is this fraternity fraternity basically means Brotherhood fraternity basically means
An understanding fraternity basically means that we are all have to treat to be treated equally as brothers and as Brotherhood which means to say that we have to develop that bonhami we have to develop the kinship we have to develop that friendship and there should be no disturbances between communities
On the basis of linguistic religious or communalistic ideologies so basically when we speak about fraternity it is a concept that has emanated from the French Revolution in French Revolution what we have is Liberty equality and fraternity the same was imported into Indian constitution and fraternity basically means that we should have
Brotherhood kinship bonhami friendship amongst the communities irrespective of which religion or the caste or the race that we belong to so it is coming together of the communities it is coming together of the individuals breaking the barriers of every other restriction that has been imposed by the society so where
Do we have fraternity fraternity is basically given in what is is called as the Preamble of the Indian constitution fraternity is also present as Brotherhood in the fundamental duties so friendship and mutual respect and support for each other in the society is what is called as the fraternity when we
Look at the constituent assembly debate the constant assembly deep page went on to discuss every section of the Constitution of India there were large-scale deliberations that went on there were discussions that happened there were logical involvement for every article that was introduced into the Indian constitution there were large
Scale debates as well about the wordings that were supposed to have been used at this particular moment there was one article where none of them had issues no major discussions took place no deliberations took place because most of them supported this very idea of Brotherhood so what is this fraternity
And what are the opinions of the people as per the constituent assembly takudas bhargava who called The Preamble the most precious part of the Constitution expressed his gratitude to ambedkar for having added the word fraternity to it JB krupalini referred to the great doctrine of fraternity and went on to
Say it means that we are all sons of the same God as the religious communities would say but as the Mystic would say there is one life pulsating through all of us as the Bible says we are one of the other there can be no fraternity without this said JP kromaldini in
Annihilation of the cast Dr BR ambedkar has written an ideal Society should be mobile should be full of channels for conveying a change taking place in one part with another in ideal Society there should be many interests consciously communicated and shared they should be varied and free points of contact with
Other modes of Association in other words there should be social endosmosis there is that is fraternity which is another form for democracy democracy is not merely a government say Dr BR ambedkar so basically when you look at the constant assembly debate they went on to decide that the fraternity this
Relationship this kinship this bonhami and the friendship between the communities and respect for each other will have to be supported and exposed so as we speak about fraternity it speaks about Dignity of an individual it also speaks about unity and integrity of the nation and this can come up only in the
Scenario of what is called as understanding and bottoming so breaking all barriers of religion cars linguistic identities regional identities we have to create this bonhami and Brotherhood is the meaning of what is called as the fraternity so gains that we have to bring from this is about bringing a
Social Melayu bringing an understanding between the communities and the individual is the meaning of fraternity the author in this particular case also brings into picture how history has seen fraternity when you look at the origins you also have Plato who spoken about it you also have Aristotle who’s spoken
About it then what you see is the Middle Ages and then French Revolution so the author goes on to say in Plato slices the philosopher invokes the word philia love for the strong desire to pursue freedom and wisdom that is love and friendship with others become more meaningful through the sharing of
Knowledge the emphasis is sharing of knowledge which improves the fraternity so once you have the knowledge once you share the knowledge that gives rise to poor understanding that creates Brotherhood and fraternity is one idea in Aristotle we see the emergence of police The Logical location of a man who
Remains first and foremost a political being and hence is part of police and not the white Justice and friendship among citizens came to be most enduring features of the political fraternity in the Middle Ages fraternity flourished mostly through religion within the churning of the Christian Society in Europe and the concept of fraternity
Then eventually found its entry into the politics with the French Revolution so the French Revolution introduced this concept of Liberty equality and fraternity the same was introduced into the Preamble of the Indian constitution but there are couple of concerns of late with respect to the fraternity what is
It we are divided divided on the communal lines we are divided on the basis of caste we are divided on the basis of religion we are divided on the basis of region as well there is imposition of one language over the other there is majoritarianism versus minoritarianism all these are the major
Impediments when it comes to the constructs of the fraternity says this article so what is the major issue according to the author according to the author what we are currently doing is we are creating and instigating a certain level of violence in the society this is creating a toxic environment in the
Society leading to differences of opinion between people in the society and after an incident has occurred we are going ahead with what is called as solidarity this solidarity should not come up that is to say when the incident if it does not generate or does not
Occur what is the need for solidarity so the idea being that you have to create that bondomy and create a platform for greater understanding between the communities and the individuals is the first major point so the author goes on to say that we are divided and there are
Barriers that are constructed which is acting as a major impediment to generate the bond homie so if we can destroy this if we can unhilate this this solidarity as a concept even does not arise because there is a platform that is created secondly the call for such a fraternity
Is increasingly replaced with rhetoric of belligerent nationalism which castigates a religious minority against the arch enemy so this divide of majority and minority is another issue that we have to focus on and this idea of communalism will have to be brought to an end is the second one and finally
The author also goes on to say that the acts of fundamentalism jettisense the possibility of fraternity a fanatic can be anything but fraternal in two sins so other areas which actually prevent from coming together of the communities should also be annihilated is what is this article all about so what is
Fraternity fraternity is nothing but brotherhood and this is required for the individual dignity and for the Integrity of the country says this article as we are Dr ambedkarji said that Liberty and equality will have to be read with fraternity so Liberty will go hand in hand with equality equality will go hand
In hand with fraternity these three objectives will have to be read together if one is not present the other will not be able to achieve is what is this article all about now let’s look into the next article this article here is important from your GS paper 3 which is from the security
Importance what are we speaking about we are speaking about one of the areas near the coastal belt of India called as the harami Nala where is this haramina this happens to be a place this happens to be a place which is located near Gujarat so where is this Haram in Allah this
Happens to be a Channel of Sir Greek that changes its course tidally and seasonally which is along the border so it is at this particular point that we have the harami Allah this happens to be a 22 kilometer tidal channel that is present along the India and Pakistan and you also have
Part of Rajasthan Burma which is also connected to it so remember where is this haramina it happens to be a tidal Channel which is about 22 kilometers long and this is present in circuit and it is along the India and the Pakistan border a portion of rajasthan’s Burma
District also touches this area why is this called as harami Nala there are two reasons for it one is the geopolitical condition the other happens to be a geographical condition what is this geographical condition as we have just discussed it is part of Sir Creek and due to the weather conditions and also
Due to the area and that particular region what happens it changes its course tightly and as per the seasons so this particular region that we have seen as shown in the image happens to be airtight so it is a flowing water in this region so as in women weather
Changes as and when season changes the tight and its way it moves also changes and added to it it happens to be a region where India and Pakistan’s border despite it is clearly demarcated because it also changes the tide waves the way in which this particular wave goes into
The region what we have is number of Pakistani terrorists in the past have infiltrated in this region so they have moved all the way from Pakistan they have also entered India it is also being alleged during 2008 Mumbai terrorist attack may also have come into Mumbai during
Following this Lane so why is it called as harami Allah happens to be Treacher’s Channel and that is because it happens to change its path every now and then and because it happens to be one of the regions which changes its path it is also easy for the terrorists to enter
This region added to it this region is also known for its economic Prosperity why because this region has lot of fishing opportunities it also has a lot of prawns as well which is why you have number of Pakistani fishermen also enter this area as well there have been both
Which have been left in the past as well because they were in an apprehension that they may be caught and treated as terrorists and because of its economic advantages you also have the fishermen who come up to this particular area but what is the concern in this area
This happens to be a tidal Channel which changes its path every now and then so it happens to be one of the terrains which is very difficult to administer for the border security Force why because they would not be able to enter this area since it happens to change its
Path every now and then they would not have complete control on this area and as a result terrorists may enter this area and this could be a major problem so what are the concerns of this Haram in Allah it happens to be a place where formidable marshy terrain through which
It runs makes it impossible to approach or petrol on foot even during the low tide since it is a marshy region they would not be able to patrol this region in that area there is Teachers touch Morris and mirages which are matched by scorching temperatures as much as 50
Degree Celsius in the summer extremes of temperature is another major problem in the past the entry point of the harami nalla on the Indian side could not be approached by the border security Force because of of the lack of infrastructure so this means that there are a couple of
Concerns which the border security Force had to face and in order to overcome all these issues in order to make sure that there is no infiltration of the terrorists in order to provide them the required infrastructure in order to protect the country along the border areas what we have taken is number of
Measures in the past so remember this is important from your GS paper 3 so what have been done in the past all terrain vehicles were procured from Italy and they have been stationed at border pillar 1175 the last observation port at the time speed boats tethered alongside
Also began to make a difference in terms of preventing Ingress by Pakistani fishing boats in the past nine years the ministry of Home Affairs has ramped up the creation of composite Bop all along the border including the creek and the haramina area and the modern composite
Of Bop 1175 was constructed in 2016 and Bop 1170 in 2022 this means that we have certain troubles because of the more marshy terrain so we have the Garment take up number of measures especially after the Modi government came into picture immediately after 2014 they have started reconstructing reworking on this
Border areas what is the context right now why are we discussing about it that is because we recently had home minister who had visited this place of haramina and the Border observation post the border security Force along the Kutch region of Gujarat so basically they have introduced more measures in this region
So what are the measures that have been taken in the present situation there have been initiatives that have been taken which are where they have spent more than 300 crores according to the BSF release the home minister left the foundation stone for a mooring place at quotation and also inaugurated Link Road
It is in the state of Gujarat and op Tower in haramina area in fact we have the home minister who also tweeted that he had inaugurated a 9.5 meter tall observation post Tower equipped with high resolution pan tilt Zoom cameras to boost the intelligence gathering capabilities so all the measures that
Should be taken to prevent the infiltration of the Terrace have been taken up by the government of India is what is this article all about now let’s look into the next article this article here is speaking about Nipa virus what is this Nipa virus how is it transmitted what are the symptoms that
Are associated with the Nipa virus what is this Nipa virus this happens to be a virus that is transmitted and the natural host of it happens to be the fruit patch how is it spread Whenever there is a human being who consumes the fruits eaten by the infected batch or
The birth when he eats this fruit the saliva and other secretions that are present will get transmitted to the human beings transmission of Nipa virus to the human beings may also occur after direct contacts with the infected batch as well as pigs so this particular host
That is the bat if the fruit is eaten by the bat and this fruit is consumed by the human beings or the natural host happens to be the fruit bat it is transmitted to the pigs and from the pigs it can be transmitted to the human beings so once a person develops the
Symptoms he is going through the Nipa virus symptoms this person can also transmit to another human being so the transmission will happen from the animals to the human beings and from human beings to other human beings so this happens to be a zoonotic disease when we look into the nippa virus
It happens to cause Encephalitis and it is an RNA virus of the family pyrimix today it belongs to the genus and which is closely related to Hendra virus which was isolated in Australia in the year 1994. the first outbreak was reported in Malaysia and Singapore in
1998 and 99 the name Nipa came from the name of the village in Malaysia where the person in whom the virus was first isolated died of the disease the virus appeared initially in domesticated pigs in this first outbreak nearly 300 humans were infected more than 100 died as well
And a million of pigs were killed in order to prevent the expansion the first outbreak in India hit Siliguri in West Bengal in Jan February in the year 2001. what are the symptoms of the Nipa virus a person suffering from Nipa virus will initially have fever he will go through headache drowsiness disorientation
Mental confusion coma potentiality of death because of all these symptoms so what are the treatment plant as of now there is no specific treatment for the Nipa virus primary treatment is intensive support care that has to be provided to a person so these are some of the important parameters when it
Comes to the nippa virus now let’s look into the next article this article is important from your GS paper one which happens to be from the geography Whenever there is a region that is hit by a volcano or that is hit by a earthquake or there are floods
Which cause a massive Devastation what you have to know is the country and the countries in and around it so we have Libya where we have a huge flooding that has taken place so which are the countries that are in and around Libya which are the Seas above it which are
The oceans around it is what you have to know so which are the countries even around Libya what we have is Egypt then what we have is Sudan followed by Chad then what we have is nature Algeria so these are the countries in and around Libya next what we have to know is
Places within the country so which is the place that is currently in use one of the places happens to be dharna so what exactly has happened we have flooding that has taken place in Libya why that is because of foreign Daniel occurred in Libya and as a result
Of which what we are witnessing is massive floods in the state of Libya and in one of the places called as dharna there were two dams that were present because of the large-scale flooding because of the large-scale rainfall because of storm Daniel there were two dams that were present in dhana both
These dams immediately break off so because of the weak infrastructure these dams open up or there is breakage of the dams and as a result this entire region is inundated with water and it goes to as much as 10 feet in length 3 meters in length so what exactly happens there is
Storm Daniel this storm Daniel causes heavy rainfall because of the heavy rainfall there is a dam that was constructed in dhana there are two dams these dams were not able to withstand the pressure and they break the shatter and immediately there is flooding that open it opens the floodgates and the
Entire city is flat added with water which result in more than 3000 lives being lost added to it when you look at what’s happening in Libya in the year 2011 what we have is a major internal turmoil with the US with the death of the Gaddafi so Gaddafi was governing the
Country after his passing away the country is in a state of civil turmoil so what exactly happens in Libya there are currently two groups one is on the left side that is on the East one is on the Eastern side the other is on the western side so there are two garments
That is being parallel the administration in the west of the country is led by prime minister Abdul Hamid debia which is based in Tripoli and is recognized internationally in the district stick and East there is an other administration led by Benghazi based House of the representatives the
Conflict between them has left the oil country of a weakened infrastructure so the major problem right now is that Libya currently is governed by two types of garment one in the west which is recognized by the international garments and by other countries there is another part on the East which is governed by
Another group so one which is on the Eastern side is not recognized by the international organizations now it is the Eastern side which is not recognized by the international quarters which is facing the heat of the floods so as a result what they now require is the
Money but then the Central Bank of Libya is under the control of the western Powers which is internationally recognized even if the Central Bank of Libya decides to give the money as of now they have not released the money even if they decide to transfer the
Money to the Eastern side how will it work how will they take care of it is the major question so you have the western side you have the Eastern side the western side is international recognized Eastern side is not recognized and the central bank is under
The control of the western side so the transfer of money is not taking place in the presentation and added to it even if it is transferred how will they work because the government in the west is what is internationally recognized is some of the major right issues with
Respect to Libya right now now let’s look into the next article this article here is speaking about manreka wages the article is here important from the mains examination point of view where it gives you one of the parameter which can be used and the answer writing what is it delays in the
Disbursement of Mahatma Gandhi National guarantee program schemes in Bihar muzaffarnagar have led to CB of financial stress we have the central government and the state government which have to work and they have to make sure that wages are given to the people who have been working in the mandrega
Sector but then the garments have been releasing the amount very late so there is delay and as a result people are not able to get the money and their salary is on time because they are not able to get the wages on time this has become a
Major problem they are taking money from the money lenders since they are taking money from the money lenders they are charging exorbitant interest rates and this is leading to financial stress of the people who are working in the mandrega is what is this article all about so basically we have the central
Garment which has to release the fund the state government which has to provide the wages to the people now because they are not releasing the funds they require the money so they’re taking it from the Brokers as well as the middlemen and these middlemen are charging exorbitantly High rate of
Interest which ultimately means this financial stress for these people they are not able to take care of their children as well as their family and this is a major problem says this article so this point can become a photo for you in your means answer writing now let’s look into the next article
This article here is speaking about both Wetlands whereas this boat’s Midland this happens to be a place in the state of madhya Pradesh this can be very important from the preliminary examination point of view the Burj Wetland consists of Two Lakes located in the city of Bhopal the two Lakes are the
Both which happens to be the Upper Lake and the lower wake which lied to the west of the city center the lakes are home to a diverse flora and fauna including many water butt they have been designated a wetland of international important under the International ramsa Convention since August 2002 so this is
The Birch Wetland is in the city of Bhopal it is in the state of madhya Pradesh it has been identified as the ramsar as one of the designated Wetland of international importance under the ramsar convention added to it there are a couple of issues that are associated
With this both Wetland we have just discussed that it is one of the important regions which gives host or it is host number of birth as well as flora and fauna but there are anthropogenic factors that are introduced what are those one there are increasing cases of industrial activities there is
Agricultural residue that comes into the river this River also acts as a source of drinking water it is a source of fishing activity to couple of people in this particular locality but because of the industrial activities and agricultural residue coming into it there is nutritional there is lot of
Pollution that is taking place in the region and as a result there is a large scale Devastation that is caused to this River so basically this river which is in madhya Pradesh has a lot of Industrial Waste agricultural waste dumped into the river and the drinking water facilities and other irrigation
Facilities which are supposed to have been provided and is being provided is taking a hit is what is this article all about so basically the biodiverse city is taking a hit the other activities is taking a hit and we have to take care of it is what is this article all about so
Basically this happens to be a tourism place there are kayaking activities boating activities that takes place all of this will be hit in case there is polluted water is what this article all about it is this that we have to understand with respect to this article
So this is it for today in case you are liking these articles and videos please do like subscribe to our YouTube channel and share it with your fellow aspirants as well thank you for watching all the best thank you
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