Hey everyone welcome to tathas to ICS I hope you all are doing good well today we are going to talk about fundamental duties in our series of Indian polity the series of know your Constitution we’re going to talk about fundamental duties of citizens of India okay towards the Constitution towards the nation
State towards the Indian state well every Democratic country where there is a constitution that Constitution the guardian of that Constitution are the citizens of that particular country if if the country the said country is a democratic country okay and that is that particular Constitution is something which gives power to the
Citizens of that country in India’s case yes the constitution of India gives power to the citizens of the country and they Empower them to do the rightful things but it’s a two-way relationship okay if Constitution is doing something for the citizens of India then the citizen of this country are also
Expected to do something for the constitution for the nation and what is which is expected from them so that is to abide by the Constitution to abide by this holy book to by its Spirit by its abiding by The Words which are written in this particular book okay so today we
Are going to understand this two-way relationship where the Constitution protects where the Constitution empowers the citizens of a country citizens of the country of India and the citizens of India are also protecting or safeguarding the values of the Constitution okay and that to do that one basic thing is to avoid by the
Duties the 11 fundamental duties which are there originally there were 10 but now they are 11. so today we are going to uh get a just about this particular story and the Committees which were related to it uh sardaran Singh committee and Justice warmer committee okay so let’s get started with the
Introduction now there are these are the fundamental duties I know it’s not very much visible we will see this in a separate slide and we are going to discuss every fundamental Duty a line by line comprehensively I’m not going to leave it key you can read these
Fundamental duties I will read it with you I we will discuss it together but this is the broad introduction so the concept of fundamental duties in the Indian constitution draws inspiration from the constitution of former Soviet Union okay so when we were covering that particular series which that particular
Video which has been made in two parts the sources of Indian constitution in that particular Source we have covered that broadly we took our we took our things the structure of the Constitution was taken from government of India 1935 broadly and then USA and United Kingdom Constitution other than this there were
Various Provisions which have been taken from different different Constitution and this particular thing this particular fundamental Duty was taken from Soviet Union because at that time the Soviet Union was holding the Communist Regime and the Communist ideology and the idea of fundamental duties is quite close to it so I would
Suggest you to please go and watch that video okay so the concept of fundamental duties in the Indian constitution draws inspiration from the constitution of former Soviet Union this Soviet Union after getting disintegrated in 1991 is now Russian Federation okay and the first country there’s a good Factor the first
Democratic country which adopted few duties for its citizens was uh the country of Japan okay now these duties were introduced into the Constitution through 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 as I have already told you in last class that whenever you get confused he in 1970 42nd Amendment
Just add these two numbers four plus two six okay so this particular Constitution 40 second this is also called this particular Amendment Act is called that it is being said that it’s it is the mini constitution of India okay so many changes have been done in this particular Amendment act and fundamental
Duties is also one of the product of this Constitutional Amendment act okay so these duties were introduced in Constitution through 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act of 1976 based on the recommendation of swaran Singh committee Sardar swaran Singh committee okay so let me show you committee and we are going to talk about
Him and his recommendations and the recommendations which which have not been accepted but he was sardarsh Varan Singh okay and he recommended he on the on the recommendations which have been given by this particular committee the this fundamental Duty has been Incorporated in the constitution of India now originally comprising 10 duties
And additional duty was incorporated by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002 bringing it to the totality of total 11 Constitution 11 fundamental duties so this was specifically about the education of the children between the age of 6 to 14 okay these fundamental Duties are enumerated
In article 51a the soul article in part 4A of the Constitution so part 4 deals uh with the directive principles of the state policy article 51 talks about the International Peace and article 51a is joined to 50 51 article 51 and this is the only article which has been allotted
To fundamental duties and all the 11 fundamental duties written under this article okay fundamental duties Help The Help the courts in examine and determining the Constitutional validity of law okay so if a court is somewhere stuck that whether this particular law is it constitutional or not so it is
Said that the Constitutional courts of India be it High Court Supreme Court or the lower courts of India they can visit to the fundamental duties or to the suggestions of these fundamental duties and they can cross check whether this thing sings in with the idea of India with the idea of constitution okay
So the fundamental Duties are confined to Citizen only and not to the foreigners okay so uh when we were talking about fundamental rights so that fundamental right has been given they were few fundamental rights who which were given to the foreigners also but this fundamental Duty now there is
Something which you have to do and you can’t expect a foreigner or a tourist to do something for the country or to do something for the As I said that this is a two-way relationship between the constitution of a country and the citizens of that country do a relationship between Constitution
And citizens then you cannot expect something from the tourists or the the people who are temporarily visiting this country or this place okay so that is why the fundamental Duties are confined to Citizens only and not to the foreigners okay this is an important point now let’s see that what are these 11
Different duties and we are going as I said we are going to talk about them comprehensively one by one so what are the listed fundamental duties number one is to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions and what kind of Institutions the national flag and national anthem and all the
Institutions which are there and abide by the Constitution so you have to respect what has been written you have to abide by the Constitution the institutions of India okay build Supreme Court High Court Election Commission and the idea on which this particular nation has been built upon okay and that is uh
The national flag that has been represented in national anthem okay second point is to cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired the national struggle for Freedom okay so we have been enslaved we have been under uh the British rule for almost 200 250 years okay and to get freedom from
That from that particular regime from that particular rule there were some ideas on which our freedom struggle was based broadly that was cooperation between different communities broadly that was non-violent broadly that was the mark of Einstein that that has been shown by Mahatma Gandhi and the leaders
Who were uh who are forefathers the fathers of this particular country okay so all those Noble ideas being charkha and everything those Noble ideas that they needs to that need to be cherished and that needs to be followed okay this is a fundamental duty this is the duty
Of the of the citizens of this time and space that if there was something if there was an idea through which we got the freedom through which we um uh Unchained ourselves from the rule of britishers the rule of 215 years if and that if that particular freedom is
Based on on these particular idea then these ideas needs to be cherished these ideas needs to be followed okay number third is to uphold and protect the sovereignty unity and integrity of India Okay so so so parenting means Azadi Every Nation should be uh independent independent of its territorial uh
Decisions independent of its financial decisions independent office uh defense independent of its diplomacy it should not be relied or it should not its decisions should not be based on the decisions of some other countries of some other nation state or a ruler which is sitting in some other country okay so
There should be a sovereignty so every citizen this is the duty of every citizen to uphold and protect the sovereignty the independence of India the unity and integrity of India how could you do that the unity and integrity of India by bonding by not fighting by not quarreling on few small things which
Could be avoided okay specifically the Brotherhood that needs to be maintained and that is also one of the one of other fundamental rights fourth point is to defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so okay so whenever there is a situation whenever the situation arises Whenever
There is a situation where a person is required to do the national service that particular person should be ready to do it in that particular person should be ready to defend the country next point is very important I’ll tell you why to promote Harmony and spirit of common Brotherhood
Amongst all the people of India transcending religious linguistic and Regional and sectional diversities to renounce the practices derogatory to the Dignity of women Okay so this particular line to renounce the practices those practices which are dedicated to the Dignity of women this is something which has been uh avoided by many aspirants
Okay because generally we just start to read this particular line to promote Harmony and spirit of common Brotherhood and then our conscious and subconscious mind just uh skips the last line and it has been asked in many test series and sometimes in the upsc also that this particular thing safeguarding the
Dignity of a woman is it a part of a fundamental Duty or not so the answer is yes it is a part of fundamental Duty so this is an important line before this another important point is to promote Harmony and the spirit of common Brotherhood amongst all the people of
India transcending if there is any kind of religious divide if there is any kind of not specifically divide if there is a religious distinction between the two people there are there is a religious diversity to be specific religious diversity linguistic diversity Regional sexual diversities then these diversities need to be overcome and we
Have to work on the path where we we talk about the unity unity in diversity okay so we need to work on that concept and we have to promote the Harmony and that Spirit of Brotherhood which we also call the fraternity okay which Dr BR ambedkar say that it’s a it’s a Trilogy
Where if there is no Liberty then there is no equality and if there is no Brotherhood then both the things cannot be saved okay so every point is other two points are dependent on the solidity of the third point or the third angle okay another point is six point sixth
Fundamental UT is to value and preserve the rich Heritage of the country’s composite culture okay so we have a culture India is very diverse it has been often said that India is very big okay and India is very big in its numbers India is very big in
Its diversity India is very big in its idea okay so there is a culture which has been followed sir in a Southern Village of Goa okay then there is a culture which has been followed in Manipur and nagaland then there are tribals who are situated in uh Gujarat
And the tribals of Gujarat follow different practices from the tribals who are situated in the east of India in chhattisgarh okay on on the north of it there is ladakh there is Jammu there is Kashmir and then there is rameshwaram so this diversity and the culture which is
Also very much diverse that needs to be preserved okay so to value and preserve the rich Heritage of the country’s composite culture okay and not only this the idea be the Chola idea of Tamil Nadu okay the the chandela idea of the central India so these are the ideas
These are these are the histories Rich history and Rich culture of India ancient and medieval that also needs to be preserved another point is to protect and improve natural environment including forests lakes rivers wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures okay so living creatures doesn’t limit us to the human beings or
Only okay in living creatures there’s bird in living creature there is there are animals living creature there are plants also so that needs to be preserved by preserving plants you will look after the natural environment and then the forests and the lakes and the rivers and the wildlife So eventually
Everything which has life in it everything which is important for the collective survival of the earth that needs to be preserved and not and we work on the idea of vasudeva kutumbukam with G20 we all are familiar with this word um he the whole world is one family and we
Consider the whole world is one uh one family and specifically after the climate change and the devastating impact of climate change now we know that yes this uh if something happens in one part of the country something which is unfortunate with earthquake B uh it is the the the glaciers which just melts
Okay so it has its impact on different part of the world also okay so that needs to be product and specifically in India that needs to be improved okay at least the citizens of India they have the sway over the land over the forest Over The Parks of India over the McD
Parks of India office uh over the parks which are situated in Delhi Mumbai and Lucknow so that means to be Brazil another AIDS fundamental duty is to develop scientific temper humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform okay develop scientific temper humanism Spirit of inquiry and upon scientific temper is by asking
Genuine questions by being not negatively critical but yes by asking some questions by because in democracy and there should be a proper Vada vivad okay there should be a sorry there should be a proper sambad okay yes there should be a proper sambad a dialogue in India the idea of India is
Broadly on on the idea of dialogue okay all all have been written in the form of dialogue okay there is a question which has been asked by a male by a wife and then that has been answered by a husband there’s a question which has been asked by us who and then
It has been answered by a guru and that has been compiled okay so there is a idea of question and answering and the reasoning and then you question the whole story of Mahabharata revolves around the question and the conclusions which have been asked the questions which have been asked by Arjuna to the
Krishna and then Krishna answers it and then that particular thing is also in a dialogue form okay a tendency of scientific temper or humanism and a spirit of inquiry and reform okay and for any vibrant democracy for any uh to for any any developing country to go
Towards a place of a developed country you have you you must have these kind of you know these kind of things okay another thing is to safeguard public property and absorb violence Okay so you have given fundamental right there are dpsps which is a moral uh um there should be some moral things
Which needs to be done for the people of the country though the government is not very much answerable for them but yes in democracy uh people can vote you out okay so there are fundamental right there’s a constitution specifically and then in Constitution there is a preamble there’s a fundamental right and there
Are things which are there for people and then if people are not very much Happy with their governments or with their managements with their companies then they have the right to peacefully protest okay but if you have given that right to peacefully protest if you have given that ride to uh register your
Grievances then that should not turn into uh a violent incident okay that should not hamper the public properties which are there which belongs to everyone be it the buses beat the trains and we have seen this in communal tensions in the in in the reservation quota things when they have been asked
From the government the first thing which have been which has been targeted is the public property which belongs to the people of India which belongs to the citizen of India okay so that needs to be safeguarded it is one of the fundamental Duty 10th fundamental duty is to strive towards excellence in all
Spheres of individual and Collective activities so that the nation confidently Rises to higher level of endeavor and achievement okay strive to try towards excellence in all spheres of individual and Collective activity okay so be it Sports be it scientific development be it this AI be its nanotech B it beat anything okay be
It Cricket beat football beat volleyball uh there are different different things and then there are individual things also okay chess and in any Square beat Collective uh particular Collective fields or the individual fields all of us should try to excel in that particular field and if
We accept the India excels and the 11th fundamental Duty which has been added in 2002 is to provide opportunity for education a person should provide opportunity opportunity for education to his child or Ward between the age of 6 to 40. now this is very much important but because
In dpsp there is a different number what is that different number please write it down to the comment section for fundamental Duty there there is a age Gap age between age gap between 6 to 14 years okay added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act 2002. okay so these were the 11 fundamental rights
We have seen what is the basic feature of fundamental fundamental Duty I’m sorry and then what are different 11 fundamental rights and what does the Constitution and what does these duties expect from us okay now these fundamental right uh these fundamental I’m sorry these fundamental duties have been recommended by swaran Singh
Committee okay this this was Sardar swaran Singh now he was in 1947 he has a very rich history he’s called and he is one of the longest serving Union Ministers of India in 1947 he was the first home minister of the state of Punjab then in 1952 he has been called
In Center he resigned in 1952 because jawaharlal nehru then prime minister of India he called him to be the union Minister uh at the center and then he became the defense minister of India also then he became the Ambassador also okay so uh that is why he is one of the
Longest serving Union Minister and he was that competent also it was during internal emergency from 1975 to 1977 that the need of these fundamental duties were strongly felt okay and this idea of fundamental duty is quite close is very much uh categorically written in the Soviet
Union idea and then it is quite close to the power which is quite authoritative okay and in uh 1976 when this particular fundamental Duty has been Incorporated in the constitution of India in 1976 so this was a time uh but between 1975 to 1977 which was a time of internal emergency okay
So when this was imposed there were few duties which have been demanded and this particular uh recommend you was asked to make recommendations as a result the 42nd Constitutional Amendment act 1976 added part 4A under article 51 this article originally contained 10 fundamental duties for Citizens but it was later expanded to
11. as we have already discussed it okay the committee initially suggested eight fundamental duties but this 42nd Constitutional Amendment act included 10 of them okay now let’s discuss what were those other recommendations which have not been inculcated by the government of India and by Indira gandhiji when this
Particular in this particular year 1976 emergency was on and um Mrs Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India so these were the duties which have been recommended but not they have not been included in Indian constitution number one is penalties for non-performance okay so there should be penalties for not fulfilling fundamental
Duties fundamental duties or if you’re not fulfilling them then uh you would be called for a penalty you would be called for a punishment and that punishment shouldn’t be challenged in the code of law now this has also been recommended okay the law imposing such penalties should not be questioned
In courts okay and another thing which was which was recommended is tax payment as a duty okay paying taxes should be considered as a fundamental Duty so these were the recommendations which were given by uh Dr Sardar swaran Singh ji and his community but they have not been
Included in the constitution of India under 50 article 51a as a fundamental right then there is another very important committee Justice j s Verma committee now he was the chief justice he was once uh he was the Chief Justice of India uh in late 90s okay and in 1998 the government of India
Established Justice j s Verma Community now why was this committee was formed the objective was developing a strategy and methodology for implementing a nationwide program to teach fundamental duties in every educational institution okay so in every educational institution there should be a procedure to let people know about
Their fundamental duties that this was the idea which when this particular the objective of forming this particular committee was to how to make the educational institutions of the country uh be aware of the fundamental duties okay and then there were other things also the the suggestions which were given
Were there were recommendations this particular JS Verma committee gave recommendations to the scientist community of India also to the cinematography Committee of India also okay not the committee the people they gave recommendation to different different peoples okay not exactly these which I said but to the different communities who are working in different
Sectors they gave recommendations to them and broadly it was for the education institutions and the professionals who are working in their offices so it identified the presence of legal provision for implementing certain fundamental duties such as those outlined in Wildlife protection act of 1972 okay that is why in simple terms if we
Understand by looking at these fundamental duties and uh 11 different 11 fundamental duties and the recommendations which have been given uh by different different committees one thing which can be seen that is as I said earlier that every country’s Constitution is its rule book and the
People who live in that country are The Gardens of that Patrol okay so there is uh a Constitution and the people are supposed to protect that Constitution by abide abiding what has been written in that particular constitution in the case of India the Constitution was made for
The people in their name so the Constitution aims to give power to the citizens of that country okay they give power to explore uh their uh one to explore what they actually can do not only for the country but for themselves also for themselves for their family for
The people who are around there and obviously for the country also and eventually become the Earth is one family for the four whole of the world also okay but if you talk about the Constitution and the relationship between the citizens and the Constitution then in the case of India the Constitution was
Made for the people in their name so the Constitution aims to give power to the citizens but it’s a two-way street okay it’s a two-way relationship where citizens also give power to the Constitution and how will they give power to the Constitution by abiding it how will they give power to the
Constitution by absolutely uh following what has been written what is legally appropriate uh as a citizen of the country okay to do this by following the rules protecting the Constitution and making it more meaningful through their words and their actions okay by their and what are those words what are those
Actions by living in a peaceful environment by maintaining the Brotherhood by not using few things or not doing things which are derogatory to the respect of women by cherishing the Nobles uh all Noble ideas and the the institutions of India by following by respecting the national flag the
National anthem and other things like this if we do this if we actually what has been what the power which has been given by the Constitution of India if we also abide by that Constitution then with this two-way relationship we are fulfilling our fundamental duties and we
Are the true citizens of India who are taking care of India also overtaking care of Bharat Mata also okay so this is it for today we are ending this particular session we’ll meet in the other class we will meet in other video of know your Constitution until then
Take care bye bye like the video if you’ve liked it and share it with your friends thank you so much
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