Hi again I’m anit and you’re watching The Daily News simplified and in today’s DNS that is 23rd of November we have picked up seven different articles naturally the first four articles they are prelims related and in the first article we will be dealing with the study which has been conducted
Which linked child abuse with animal cruelty and which organization in India deals with the issues of animal cruelty it’s the Animal Welfare Board of India where the second article it deals with a news article that reported that a special bench of Supreme Court it is hearing review petitions and these
Review petitions in the Supreme Court they have been filed seeking to change the Court’s decision in Vijay mandal Chri case Cas as this particular judgment it validated the various provisions of prevention of moneya laundering act and its amendment that was done through Finance act in the year
2019 whereas a third article of the day it deals with it deals with various emissions specifically methane emissions as these methane emissions it has a high heat trapping potential therefore these emissions they can significantly increase Earth’s temperature leading to long-term climate change whereas the Fourth Article of the day it is pred
From Indian Express explain section as this article it reports that goldfish which is another name for a black spotted cocer fish it has been designated as the state fish for the state of Gujarat hence this will be all for prelims related discussion whereas in the three main Centric discussion we
Will start first with the harana employment reservation law as this particular law it was brought forward by the harana government and it sought to reserve 75% of seats for locals and these reservation of seats will be done for jobs which pay less than 30,000 rupees per month whereas a second
Article in the mains related section it is on bti movement of India as India current ly it will celebrate 525th birth anniversary of s meabay and in this regard a jotv is been organized in state of up and in this event the prime minister of the country he will unveil a
Commemorative stamp as well as a coin in tribute to S meabay where is our last article of the day it will be on granting of special category of States as this special category status it has been desired by many states and in today’s news article the state of Bihar and its cabinet it
Has approved a resolution which aims to bring the special category status hence without further Ado let us start our discussion with the first article of the day and it appeared in the page six of the Hindu newspaper now as I’ve already highlighted before various Studies have been conducted did and these studies
They have linked animal cruelty with child abuse now which of the body in India deals with animal cruelty it’s the Animal Welfare Board of India and why are we reading about this particular body because upsc in Gs paper 2 it highlights statutory Regulatory and various Cy judicial bodies further a question on Animal
Welfare Board of India it appeared in the prelims of the year 2014 hence on similar lines we have curated a practice question on Animal Welfare Board of India but before solving this practice question let us know more about what is this Animal Welfare Board of India now this Animal
Welfare Board of India it is a statutory advisory body and this body it was established in the year of 1962 under section 4 of the prevention of animal cruelty to animals act of the Year 1916 and this body it was started under the stewardship of a famous humanitarian who was shrimati rukmini
Arundel and this body it functions under the ministry of Fisheries animal husbandry and dairing and the headquarters of this body it was previously located in Chennai however it was shifted to balabad which is in faridabad harana now what are the functions of this body this particular body it ensures that
Animal Welfare laws in India they are diligently followed by various organization further it also provide grants to Animal Welfare organizations in addition to advising government of India on Animal Welfare related issues now what is the composition of this body this body it consists of 28 members and in these 28 members it also
Includes six members who are MPS especially two members are from rajbha whereas four members are loksabha MPS and these 28 members they serve office for a period of 3 years now that we know more about Animal Welfare Board of India let us now solve the practice question with reference to
Animal Welfare Board of India consider the foll following statements the first statement it is a statutory body under the wildlife protection act which we know for the fact is an incorrect statement because it was created under the Prevention of Cruelty against animals act of the Year 1960 the second statement it says that
It is an autonomous organization under the ministry of environment and Forest which again is incorrect because this body it functions under Ministry of daring and animal husbandry now the third statement it says that the board it consist of members from Lo Sabha only and this third statement is again incorrect
Because it consists of 28 members which includes two members from rajbha as well as four members from loksabha now how many of the given above statements are incorrect as we can conclude all three statements are incorrect hence option C is the right answer answer whereas the pyq is
Concerned option b was the right answer with this let us move to the second article of the day which appeared in page 10 of the Hindu newspaper now a special bench of Supreme Court it is hearing cases related to amendments on the money laundering act which is the prevention of moneya
Laundering Act of the Year 2019 sorry 2002 and this particular Amendment act it was amended by Finance Act of the Year 2019 now what are the various provisions of this Act and why are we reading this particular topic it is because upsc in Gs paper 3 it specifically highlights
Money laundering and its prevention and this law it was enacted especially to prevent the instances of money laundering further various other important acts such as grah Nal act it was asked in by the upsc in the prelims of the year 2016 hence various acts they are important from prelims point of view and
Therefore we have created or curated this practice question on pmla but before solving this practice question let us know what were the recent amendments that were done to this pmla act now the significant amendments that was done in the this pmla act it included explanation in the section three of this
Act as this section it was an explanation it was inserted into the section three which provided for persons who shall be guilty of money laundering if they were involved in concealment possession acquisition or use of property or projecting the use of a property as an untainted property
Hence if the people they are involved in these kind of activities with relation to a tainted property then they will be prosecuted under this pmla act further people who enjoy proceeds of crime the definition of this proceeds of crime it was expanded by this particular Amendment further as long as people they
Are guilty of this enjoying the proceeds of crime they will be prosecuted under this pmla act further the nature of the offenses under this pmla act it was made cognizable and non-bailable in nature which again has been highlighted as a very stringent procedure also the burden of proof on
This particular kind of cases it now has been shifted on the accused and the accused it not it is not presumed innocent until proven otherwise further it also broadens the section 17 and 18 of the act and it provides that no F fire is needed in case a law
Enforcement agency needed to arrest a person in allegations of prevention of money laundering now that we have discussed the Amendments let us now solve the practice question with reference to prevention of money laundering act consider the following statements the first statement it’s says that the arrest under this act can be made in
Absence of first information report now that we have understood that this amendment it broadened the section 17 and 18 thereby making the first statement correct as there’s no need for an F to arrest a person who is accused of money laundry now the second statement it says that under this particular act the
Burden of proof of innocent it lies with the prosecution which we know for the fact is an incorrect statement because with the recent Amendment the burden to prove your innocence has been shifted to the accused himself or herself now which of the statements given above are correct and from the
Above discussion we can conclude only statement one is correct thereby option A is the right answer whereas pyq is concerned here the correct answer was option b now let us move to the Third Article of the day which appeared in the science and text section which is the last page of the Hindu
Newspaper now in this article it reports that the cop 28 it will be held in the city of Dubai and in this particular meeting of unfc the focus will be on greenhouse gases for particularly carbon dioxide as well as methane as these greenhouse gases they have a significant global warming
Potential now why are we discussing this particular question it is because upsc in prms of 2019 asked question related to important gases hence we have curated a similar practice question on methane but before solving this question let us know more about what what is this methane
Gas now this methane gas it is a colorless odorless gas which is flamable in nature now our atmosphere it is abundant with this particular methane and it acts as a greenhouse gas which contributes to increase in global warming and this particular gas it is the second largest contributor to
Climate change and it accounts for about 6 16% of global warming now this methane it resides in the atmosphere for a period of 12 years which you can see is somewhat less than carbon dioxide which can stay in the atmosphere for up to 200 years whereas on the other hand the global warming
Potential of methane it is 21 times more than that of carbon dioxide for example for every ton of methane that is a atmosphere it creates 21 times more global warming than an ton of carbon dioxide now what are the sources of methane emission in the country or in the entire Globe now 60%
Of total methane that exists in atmosphere it has been emitted due to human activity and in this human activity agriculture it is the largest or big biggest emitter of methane whereas on the other hand energy sector especially the coal oil and gas sector it is the second largest emitter of
Methane also household waste which are there in the atmosphere it also emits methane and it also a significant contributor for worldwide methane emissions now that we know more about methane let us now solve the practice question the first statement of this practice question it states that the
Global warming potential of CO2 it is higher than that of methane now as I’ve already highlighted the global warming potential of methan is 21 times more than that of CO2 hence this statement is incorrect the second statement it it says that the methane gas it stays in the atmosphere for a longer durate
Duration than that of CO2 now that I’ve already highlighted that methane it stays in the atmosphere for about 12 years whereas on the other hand CO2 it can stay in the atmosphere for up to 200 years therefore the lifetime of methane it is less than that of CO2 which makes second statement also
Incorrect now the third statement it says that the energy sector it is the largest source of anthropogenic methane emissions now as I’ve already highlighted it is the agriculture sector which is the largest emitter of methane and energy sector it is the second largest emitter and not the largest emitter therefore third statement is
Also incorrect now this question it asks us to identify how many statements given above are correct as we can safely say none of the statements given above are correct therefore option D is the right answer whereas pyq is concerned here also option D was the correct
Answer now let us move to the last prelim Centric article of the day which appeared in IE or Indian Express explained section now this article it highlights that goldfish has been declared as a state fish for the state of Gujarat as guj it is one of the India’s
Largest exporter of fish as in the year of 2021 and 22 Gujarat total Fish Production was estimated about 8.74 lakh tons which is was about rupes 11.2 22,000 cross lakh cross sorry cross now out of this total production Gujarat it it exported fish worth 2.3 lakh tons which amounted for about rupees
5,233 crors hence any fish it is important from the state economy’s perspective and why are we dealing with this article because important species be it plants or animals they have been asked by upsc before especially in the year of 2016 where you can find a question on Red
Sanders hence in similar fashion we have curated a question on black spotted Coker which is an official name of this gold fish but before solving this question let us know more about this goldfish now the iucn status of this fish it is stated as a near threatened
Species now this fish it is primarily used for two purposes first it is an important delicacy item because it has a taste hence this item it is in great demand especially in Middle Eastern markets as well as European markets further this fish especially it’s air bladder it is used for
Medicinal purposes and it is in high demand in Asian countries like China Hong Kong as well as other important Asian Nations now the distribution or habitat of this species it is specially located in the indopacific region which stretches right from the Persian Gulf in the East into the
Pacific Ocean in the west whereas the north south is concerned it can be found as long as Japan in the north as well as North Australia in the South and this fish it can be found in the coastal Waters especially up till the depth of 60 M further this fish it can also
Occasionally travel into estuaries as well as other tidal waters now why government of Gujarat it has declared this fish as the state fish and it is because of three important properties the first that this fish is unique which is not easily available hence the catch of this fish it is quite difficult in
Nature further as youve as I’ve already highlighted this fish has a huge economic value because it has been in high demand in markets of Middle East europeia as well as other Asian Nations further government of Gujarat it also wants to conserve and preserve this kind of species hence it has declared
This kind of a fish that is black spotted croker as a state fish of Gujarat now that we know more about this fish and its enormous size we can now discuss the practice this question with reference to black spotted kroer consider the following statements the first statement it is listed as an
Endangered species on the Ian Red List which we know for the fact is incorrect because this fish it is listed as a near-threatened species the second statement it stat that fish of this kind it are it is usually found in deep ocean waters which again is incorrect because these kind of
Fish they are found in Shallow Coastal Waters hence which of the above statement given above are correct and which from the above discussion we can conclude that option D is the right answer whereas pyq is concerned here option A was the correct answer now before moving into the mains related
Discussion let me first tell you the first article in this Mains related section and it has appeared in the text and context section of the Hindu newspaper now as we know harana government it recently enacted what was known as a harana state local candidates Act of the Year
2020 now what this act did was that it promoted 75% of reservations for locals in private sector and this 75% of reservation it was provided to locals in jobs which had salaries less than 30,000 per month now similar kind of Demands it has emerged in other states especially
Andhra Pradesh as well as karnatak as as well as Maharashtra now why this demand is there in the first place and what are the issues in fulfilling this demand is our topic of today’s discussion now before moving into what are the challenges in implementation of
This law let us know more about why this demand has emerged in the first place now there are many reasons behind Rising such a demand for local reservation in private sector jobs the first important reason is the rising unemployment in the country now we know that the a great
Agriculture sector of the country it is in state of distress because even after liberalization the growth rate of Agriculture sector it has limited to around 3.4% in an annual basis whereas on the other hand Indian economy it has grown from more than 6% on an annual
Basis hence you can can see that the productivity of Agriculture sector it is almost half than that of Indian economy in general and this has created an agricultural distress in the country because Farmers they have been unable to get the price of their crops which has
Led to increased state of debt in the agriculture sector further there have been many land owners in our country who have been displaced from their lands because their lands it has been acquisitioned by various State as well as private sector for developmental work and these two
Reasons it has created what is called as a labor Surplus in the country and naturally country it should absorb this labor Surplus to reduce the level of unemployment but we know India’s manufacturing sector it has not grown in a desired manner hence India’s manufacturing sector in particular it
Has not been able to absorb this Surplus labor of our country which further adds to the rising unemployment in the country and these particular section of society especially these unemployed persons they have been demanding a local reservation in their states further India has been able or not able to achieve this inclusion iive
Growth especially the backward sections of the society who are otherwise known as backward classes they are not adequately represented in whatever jobs that have been created in the Indian economy and this creates issues arising out of lack of inclusive growth in our country and this lack of inclusive
Growth it has further led to increase demand for reservation in local jobs also local locals in a country they face stiff competition from migrant workers for example in the year of 2017 economic survey it highlighted that as many as 65 million people in a country they are migrant workers and these
Migrant workers they offer their services for a lower cost therefore any private sector in general they favor to get these migrant workers as their labor workforce and this results into exclusion of locals from jobs especially in the manufacturing sector further there has been a practice of trade unionism in our country as
Workers they get together and form a Trade union and they demand increased salaries and other benefits from these employers which naturally increases the cost of doing business for Industries hence in order to discourage this Trade unionism Practices what the industries they’ve started to hire people from outside the states that are especially
Migrants hence this has resulted into further exclusion of locals from the jobs that are available in their respective States hence you can see Rising unemployment lack of inclusive growth increased migration and trade unionism these four factors s they have added to the reasons that demand for local reservation in their private
Sector jobs and naturally states such as harana as well as Andhra Pradesh they have enacted laws to bring these local reservation in private sector jobs but as you’ve already read in the news and naturally which has been reported throughout this entire season is that these implementation of these laws they
Have faced many challenges in our country now what are the challenges or issues in implementation of such laws we will discuss this in this particular slide now the first challenge that any such local reservation law it faces is related to the Constitutional validity of this particular
Law for example high court of harana and Punjab it only recently invalidated the harana government’s reservation law which provided 75 % of reservation now what was the basis of declaring this law unconstitutional and void in this regard the high court of Punjab and harana it highlighted that this particular local
Provision laws it violated several articles of the Indian constitution on the first hand it violated Article 19 of the Indian constitution as this particular article it provides for right to freedom of speech and expression and there are very various subsections in this particular article for example Article 19
Subsection 1 and subsection D it ensures the right to individual to move freely throughout the country and according to the high court this particular article it was violated by a local preservation law further Article 19 subsection 1 and subsection G it provides an individual right to profess any profession in our
Country and hence when you prevent an individual from seeking jobs in a particular state it also restricts the application of Article 1 subsection G of this article 19 further Article 19 subsection 5 it provides for imposition of reasonable restrictions by the state and these reasonable restrictions it can provide
In interest of general public especially with relation to scheduled tribes and the high court in this regard it held that the reasonable restriction that was local reservation it was not reasonable rather it was unreasonable in nature further Article 19 subsection 6 it provides for technical requirements hence State can impose restriction based
On these particular technical requirements however the Punjab High Court it highlighted that the imposition of restriction especially local reservation it was a domicile related requirement hence this particular local reservation it failed to achieve the parameter of technical requirement thereby it went against the provision of Article 19 subsection C 6 of this
Particular Constitution further what such law does is that it creates a difference between local residents that of harana and other migrant residents and in this regard the high court it held that it violated the various principle that is fraternity that is enshrined in the Preamble of the Indian constitution as
It creates a social distinction in the society itself which goes against the common notion of universal Brotherhood further there’s an article 35 in the Indian constitution and this particular article it states that the parliament it can enact an a reservation under article 16 subsection 4 of The Constitution and it can limit the
Application of this act based on the requirement of a particular residence hence you can say that a local reservation of job it can be cited under this particular article because it favors difference with relation to a residence of an individual however it is also important to note that it is the parliament not
State Legislature that can enact such Bill however this harana act it was enacted by the harana state government legislature hence the high court it highlighted that it went against the provision of article 30 5 further it also violated the article 14 of the Constitution because this particular article it favors right to
Equality hence this particular provision that was local reservation it violated the right to equality between an individual in the country further there are also economic rational against the implementation of this particular act for example while implementing ing these act officers of the state they needed to carry inspection of different Industries in
Order to find out whether these industries they’re implementing local reservation provision itself and in this regard the high court highlighted that such local reservation requirement and inspection by state it will create an atmosphere of Inspector Raj which Ved against the policy of the government that sought increased liberalization further these requirements such as
Imposition of local reservation it will make difficult of availability of required labor further it also stifles the labor market in the country thereby making Investments difficult in our country hence you can say that local reservation requirements it goes against the principle of ease of doing business because it goes against the
Idea of one nation and one market and thereby Industries and Manufacturing setups they will be apprehensive of setting up of new Industries in an area which favors local reservation for individuals further if local reservation is provided in a particular area this means that the availability of Labor
Will naturally reduce and if a company it desires to employ certain kind of skilled labor then it will have to incur additional cost in order to skill train this particular labor and naturally it will add to the cost of company thereby going against the ease of doing business
Principle hence you can say that the implementation of this act it favors from two different it faces challenges from two different condition the first that the constitution validity of this act especially when it is passed by a state legislature it will be invalidated by the high or Supreme Court while on
The other hand it also discourages the ease of doing business in the country thereby it also challenges the implementation of this act from an economic point of view further this act it acts as a short-term measure and it does not addresses the core issue of the Indian economy because we know that
Every region in the country it has a differential level of Economic Development hence government through this policy it does not aim to address the level of differential geographical development in the country further it also ignores the issue related to low quality of educational and Skilling levels of the
Indian Workforce and because it acts as a short-term measure hence it is not able to deal with the core issues of the Indian economy now what should be the way forward for a particular state in order to provide jobs for an individual or residents of this country hence in this
Regard let us discuss few suggestions the first suggestion in this regard it is related that states it should rather take an incentives route in order to promote hiring of locals in the private sector jobs rather than imposing a requirement of reservation State what it should do is that it should provide
Incentives to local Industries in case they hire a certain amount of local Workforce and this will create a positive environment in the Indian economy and State’s economy in general further what we should do or what a state should do is that it should create an enabling environment in our country
As by providing incentives to Industry it will create a Level Playing Field where one state it can compete with other state in seeking Investments as as well as make conditions ease for setting up of businesses hence what this enabling environment will do is that it will create a positive atmosphere for
Businesses in the country and this in Long Run will create jobs as well as provide additional entrepreneur in Opportunities For Youth of our country further government what it should do in addition to providing an enabling environment to business that it should focus on educational and Skilling efforts of India’s Workforce as
Providing India’s Workforce with adequate educational and Skilling opportunities the government it can create a level of high skilled Workforce and this High skilled Workforce is desirable for any kind of manufacturing industry further what is needed especially with respect to Indian economy as it has a high labor Surplus
Is the need to establish labor intensive sector Industries particularly with respect to textiles as well as leather Industries as these manufactur in Industry they are labor intensive in nature and naturally they provide more job opportunities when you compare with high technical Industries which are capital intensive in nature thereby by taking an incentives
Route to promote local hiring creating an enabling environment to promote businesses promoting skill and educational levels of India’s Workforce and creating lab intensive Industries in the state is a desirable Way Forward for any state if it desires to provide jobs for its local population because local reservation policy it acts as a bandage
To a wound called unemployment whereas this problem of unemployment it requires surgery which can be done through promoting businesses which will provide with more job opportunities hence this was all for first discussion of the day which was on local reservation in private sector jobs and with this let us move to the second
Article of the day which appeared in the second page or rather behind second page as an adoral now you’ll be surprised to know that we are conducting DNS even for this adoral but we are taking this particular adoral because it highlights that the up government will celebrate 525th birth anniversary of Saint
Meabay as this saint it promoted or played a pivotal role in the bti movement in our country and why are we discussing this particular topic this is because upsc in Gs paper 1 it specifically highlights Indian culture further questions related to bti movement it was asked in the mains of the Year
2019 hence you can see any development related to bti movement it is important from exams point of view now who was this meabay this particular person she was B in the par District of Rajasthan and she was born in a rajput family and she was a great granddaughter of founder of jodpur
Now she she was married into to the royal family of Mayar however she F difficulties in her marital life hence in order to deal with difficulties she became a disciple of Lord Krishna and this it changed her life in a transformative manner because she then understood the benefits of bti
And gave her life in furthering the teachings of Lord Krishna and thereby she decided Ed to move out out of her royal palace and then she shifted to the places such as dwara as well as vindaman which are important places when you consider Lord Krishna now you are popular you must
Have heard a popular pajan which is called as POI Man ramatan Dan poo now you’ll be surprised to know that this particular Bajan it was composed by mea by herself hence you can notice the amount of contribution that she has had in furthering the bti culture in our
Society now what is this bti movement let us understand this in the next slide now this slide in particular let me understand or let me tell you the spread of bti movement in the country now bti movement it originated in 6th and 7th Century in the area of present day Tamil
Where sections of society especially the alar who were Vite as well as naners who were Shiite in nature they provided or gained prominence in the Society of then Tamil Nadu and this was the origin of bti movement in the country then this bti movement it spread in the area of Canard
Region especially with relation to Lord baswana and this was during the period of 12th century because Lord baswa along with his disciple such as Alama prau they provided or furthered a rich literary tradition which was know as Wan sahya and this Wan sahya it conveyed a profound observation related to both
Spiritual as well as social aspects of then Canada Society then in the late 13th century it moved to the area of present day Maharashtra where three primary influential figures who were nand Dev namdev as well as s tukaram they played a pivotal role especially with relation
To S tukaram who was sudra by birth he created or rather he rebelled against the social Norm because he was a sudra and he became Merchant by profession which you can notice was prohibited in the medevial Indian society and this was in the late 13th century and in this what tukaram did was
That he also defined the brahmanical Notions because he started writing on religious matters which was previously only reserved for the Priestly classes more importantly his writing was in marati and not Sanskrit hence you can see his writing it faced opposition from the Orthodox elements of then Marat Society further this particular bti
Movement it spread to norn India in the 15th to 17th century and more importantly figures such as Kabir ravidas as well as gurun nanak they played a pivotal role in spread of bti movement movement in the whole of North India along with mirabay now what were the causes for
Origin of this bti movement in Indian Society in general as you can understand Indian Society in the Medieval ages it was a highly rigid Society where the highest section of the society which were brahans and they had monopolized the religion and religious aspect of our Indian Society
Sorry now as you can understand this rigid social structure of Indian society which was heralded by Brahman at the top it excluded the other section of Indian Society from conducting religious practices hence Indian religious system it categor especially with irrelevant rituals as well as Blind Faith further what people of India
Especially the lowest strata of the society they were looking for some simple way to Foster reconciliation with the god which they were unable to do so in the case of social rigidity hence this Simplicity it was provided to them by the bti movement itself because bti movement it favored a
Both as previously an Indian individual especially an Hindu he needed to practice his religion by understanding the complex philosophy of vas and opition and naturally only the brahans that were the Priestly section of the society they were able to read these scriptures hence the lowest Strat of the
Society they felt excluded from the religious connection that they they can be understood with hence what they wanted was a simple and was a simple religious culture and this simple religious culture it was provided to them by the bti Saints further there was a spread of Sufism in the Indian Society especially
In the early 11th to 12th century and Saints such as moin chisti as well as all as well as nudin what they favored was a conciliatory approach between Hinduism and Islam further this Spirit of reconciliation it also encouraged Hindu reformers to undertake reforms in this religion and this reform it wanted to
End the social rigidity that was prevalent in the Indian Society hence the condition was ripe for spread of bti movement in the country now what are the features of bti movement that has led to its popularity in general first now Indian especially in Hindu mythology there are multiple gods and
Hence Hindu mythology it is polytheist in nature because a Hindu he can worship multiple gods at the same time whereas on the other hand what bti movement did was that it provided monotheism approach to religion because it aimed to unify the spiritual practice and a devotion in just one
God and this simplified the religious practices in general because now devotees they were encouraged to submit thems in entirety to just one God and this increased the level of spiritualization in the Indian Society for further how earlier what a Hindu needed to do was that he had to
Involve a member of a Priestly class and this Priestly member will conduct certain rituals whereas on the other hand what B the reformers tried to do was that that they acknowledged the role of gurus as these gurus they acted as mentors and perceptors and helped the individual as
A Guiding Light to achieve their path of Salvation hence you can say that it simplified or rather reduced the prevalence of Priestly class in the society by making the rituals most simplified and easy to access in nature it provided them especially the lowest rat of society with a increased
Salvation and a direct approach to the God himself further Indian Society back then it was socially rigid in nature and it generally related to social inequality however with practices such as common food as well as sitting down to listen to heims in a common manner it promoted a sense of universal
Brotherhood in the Indian Society because a person who is involved in a bti movement he will attend a Bajan or Kian in addition to members of Indian Society who can be of any cast and when these all individual they provide or involve in a social gathering in an equal manner it further
Reduces the social inequality that was prevalent back in the Indian Society further Indian especially Hindus they can conduct their religion practices through a elaborate of puas as well as worship and this was primarily done through a process of idol worship because an ideal is placed in front of you and then then
You worship that particular God whereas on the other hand the method of worship in the God especially in the bti movement it favored singing HMS and songs to that God hence you can say that it rejected the idea of idol worship now the most important development or most most important
Feature of this bti movement was the promotion of local languages now earlier most of the Hindu scriptures they were written in Sanskrit while on the other hand as far as Islam scriptures are concerned they are primarily written in Persian as well as Arabic and in order to understand these languages
You need a help of a member of Priestly class hence naturally lowest Strat of society they were excluded from reading this these religious scriptures whereas on the other hand these bti movement Saints they provided teachings in local languages hence people of the lowest Strat of the society they were able to
Understand their teachings hence these were popularized in the Indian Society in general now let us discuss what are the significance of this bti movement as far as as Indian Society is concerned now the first most important impact of bti movement was social in nature now Indian society as I’ve
Already highlighted at the time it was segmented and rigid in nature and it did not favor Mobility either upward or downward in nature because once worth in the Indian Society back then it was decided solely on the basis of birth whereas on the other hand this bti
Movement it promoted a sense of equality and Oneness in the Indian Society hence you can understand that the ideals of equality and fraternity they came to be understood in the Indian Society much before these Idols they were involved or inculcated in the Indian constitution hence you can say that bti
Movement has has a profound social impact on Indian Society further this bti movement it also encouraged or it also encouraged harmonious existence between multiple faiths in the country hence you can say that it provided social harmony in the Indian Society also this bti movement it had a profound religious impact because it
Awakened both Hindus as well as Muslims of the shortcomings of their particular religion because both of these religions they were redled by Orthodoxy ritualism as well as spiritualism and this prevented the participation of general public in the religious Affairs and rather what bti movement did was that it opened the religious aspect
To the all sections of society hence increasing the inclusion especially of the socially marginalized sections further as I’ve already discussed it promoted the use of local languages because importantly especially in the northern India these bti movement Saints they give their teachings in either simple Hindi language or the
Regional dialect such as brj Basha as well as aadii hence you can see by using the local language the whole religious process it became more inclusive which allowed people from all walks of the society to participate and understand in the religious discourses further what this bti movement did was that it promoted moral
Values such as living life in a Pious manner or promoting hard work or honest work and this encouraged people to engage in Social Services especially poor are concerned and hence you can say this bti movement it furthered humanitarian values which furthered the Notions of self-control and hard and honest
Work however in hindsight when you EV evaluate the impact of bti movement on Indian Society we can say that it was able to achieve some level of reform in Hinduism as well as can have a certain impact on establishing religious Harmony especially it gave rise to Sikhism and
It also promoted a broad Outlook in rulers like Akbar however one can also argue that it has created further divisions in the Indian Society because now Indian Society especially Hindus they have been segregated in more than one sects for example there is a sect called PR Kabir pantis which is dedicated to the
Followers of Kabir hence this was all for today’s discussion on bti movement now let me move to the last article of the day which appeared in page four of the Hindu newspaper now this article highlights that the Bihar cabinet it has approved a resolution for demanding a special
Category status for the state of Bihar and why are we reading this particular topic because upsc in Gs paper 2 it deals with issues related to the federal structure of the Indian polity further GS paper 3 it also highlights the issues related to inclusive growth and both these issues
That is federal structure of the country and inclusive growth is dealt by this particular kind of special status now there has been rise in demand for special status especially from the state of Bihar as well as Andra Pradesh because these State these State they are backward in nature hence they want
Additional benefits from the central government and in this regard they have demanded a special category status now what is this special category status now this special category status it was first started in the year of 1969 because the fifth Finance commission it inculcated the ggill formula now this ggill formula it was
Based on the Contemporary need and it provided or it delineated certain states in India as a special category status for example Jammu and Kashmir Himachal Pradesh utarak sikim arunachal Pradesh as well as States in Northeast India they were designated as special category States and these special categories they
Were given on the basis that these states they were hilly in nature as well as had low population density further these states they were located in strategic locations especially along India’s International borders further these states they witness infrastructure or economic backwardness further the state finances of these states that were not viable in
Nature hence the central government it extended certain kind of benefits to these particular States now you’ll ask what were the benefits that were given to these states I’ve put a screenshot of this benefits in this particular slide and these benefits have been now done away with and it is not important from
Exams point of view however you can refer to these benefits after the discussion is ended now you should be confused what is this special category status and how is it different from special status which is there in the Indian constitution now let me first highlight what is this special status which is
There in the part 21st of the Indian constitution now this part 21st of the Indian constitution it exists some special Provisions to various states in India now what is the basis of providing this special Provisions to some states first of all under article 371 the benefits such as special
Benefits they are provided to States particularly in order to meet the aspirations of people who reside in the backward regions of the country further this spe special status it also aims to provide protection to cultural and economic interest of tribal people who reside in these particular States further these states they also
Have a disturbed Law and Order scenario hence this particular special status it also helps deal with this Disturbed scenario of Law and Order also this special status it also aims to provide the interest of local people now there’s a difference in this special status as well as special
Category status which was given by Planning Commission because first of all this special status in the part 21st of the Constitution it has a constitutional recognition and this special status it can be added or substracted from the Constitution only through a constitutional amendment act and that naturally this Constitutional Amendment
Act it requires a special majority in the parliament whereas on the other hand this special stat this special category status it was provided by an admiss by an administrative body called Planning Commission and it was given basis on the recommendation of national developmental Council which functioned under this Earth while Planning
Commission further there’s also a difference between these two type of categories because this special status which is under the Constitution it is political and legislative in nature while on the other hand this special category status it is more economic Financial as well as administrative in nature hence these two type of statuses
They are quite different now you’ll ask was what is the difficulty that the government is facing in implementing or giving this special category status to the demanding States let us discuss this challenges in the next slide now first of all Indian government especially the union government it extended special category status to some
States but now when this demand has arised in the Indian quity the union government of is of the opinion that if a state is backward in the nature the union government it is willing to provide funds to these states equivalent to this special category status but it
Is not willing to recognize this or Grant this special category status to these particular States now what are the challenges in granting or giving this particular special category status in a current sense scenario now the first difficulty is that earlier this special category status it provided normal plan assistance special Central assistance
And special plan assistance however with application of 14th Finance commission report in the year of 2015 what the union government did was that it eliminated these kind of special plan assistance further Union government it also abolished the Planning Commission hence this Planning Commission itself it was responsible for giving these
Benefits hence it has removed the basis of providing this particular benefits itself further in the following budget that was year of 15 and 16 what the union government did was that it did away with the total benefits in general because the special category status which I’ve already highlighted it also
Provide benefits in the accelerated irrigation benefits program but with this particular budget what the union government did was that it reduced the budgetary outlay for exploited irrigated benefits program which was earlier close to 9,000 CR and it was reduced to just 1,000 CR also what the government is
Apprehensive of the fact that if if it grants special category status to to one particular state for example Bihar it will also invite demands for such status from other states such as Andra Rajasthan as well as odisha hence you can see if a government especially Union government it decides
To Grant a special category status for one state it will lead to a domino effect where other states will also start demanding this particular benefits which you can understand is is a very political risky situation further the criteria that was dissolved or evolved by the national Development Council earlier it has been
Alleged that this criteria was arbitrary in nature because earlier the special category status it was not given to backward states such as jarand as well as chattis Gad and this particular kind of benefits it was not well discussed in a public public Manner and this benefits it was given by an administrative body
Which did not have a constitutional recognition further even after giving this benefits to 10 different states there were no perceptible change in their levels of economic development because in general the nature of this particular support was four times more than that of General category States and despite giving numerous benefits
Such as tax benefits or attracting levels of economic development hence you can say that this incentives it did not resulted into an increased economic growth in the special category status States hence the natural answer should be what should be the way forward for the central government in general in
Order to reduce this demand of special category status which has arised from different states in our country now the first Way Forward and the most important part is to recognize that this special category status has been done away with and as a result the difference between General category
States and the special category States it has reduced hence in this regard the recommendations that were put forward by raguram Rajan Committee in the year of 2013 it becomes very important because this committee it favored designating a state as the least developed State and it gave 10 different
Indicators which should be the basis of providing this particular category now these indicators they were all equally weighted in nature and it included monthly per capita expenditure in a particular State levels of health and education household amenities or the level of household am amenities that are present in the average household
The levels of poverty rate in a particular state with addition to levels of female literacy or the percentage of marginalized communities like scheduled cast and schedule drives in the state further these 10 indicators it also included the rate of urbanization the levels of financial inclusion and the state of infrastructure development or
The fiscal connectivity in the state hence you can say that when there are 10 IND indicators which are equally weighted in nature this will provide a better indicator or a better parameter to judge a level or industrial or economic growth level of a particular State and when a particular state it
Falls behind in these 10 indicators then that particular State can be extended benefits by designated them as a least developed State hence what I can say that this was all for today’s disc discussion in my daily news simplified and with this I’ll ask the students to ask this ask their
Doubts related to this particular session in the comment section below now now there’s a doubt which has been asked by Augustine sir what is the difference between special category status and a special status now Augustine there has been a two kind of differences in the status that are given to different states the
First is a special status which is there in the Indian constitution itself because Indian constitution it provides es for part 21st in the Constitution which extends benefit to the various states which is based more on political and legislative considerations and this kind of benefit it has a constitutional
Recognition whereas on the other hand the special category status it is extended or it was extended by an administrative body called Planning Commission and these kind of benefits that is special category status it is more of economic or Financial in nature hence this deals with the administrative
Aspect and not political aspect of a particular State I hope this addresses your doubt and the second doubt is that what is the comparison of gwp of CO2 with CH4 now the comparison between C let me go to that slide first now I’m assuming you’re asking this particular comparison which is
Related to global warming potential now as I’ve already highlighted there is a difference between global warming potential of different gases and this particular table it highlights that the global warming potential of methane is 21 Times Higher with that of carbon dioxide and what it means that methane for every ton of methane it
Provides a 21 times more heating effect when you compare with emissions of 1 ton of carbon dioxide hence you can say that the levels of heating that a methane gas Pro provides it is 21 times more than that of carbon dioxide hence I hope this add addresses your question between comparison of
Global warming potential of methane and carbon dioxide now tamana she asks a question sir what do we mean by technical requirements and domicile requirements under Article 19 subsection 6 of the Indian constitution now now there’s a Article 19 subsection 6 of The Constitution it provides of technical requirements on certain kind of
Professions for example if you’re a doctor then you have to get a particular license and only after getting that license you can practice your profession of being a doctor hence if a state imposes restrictions such as licensing requirements for example for a doctor it is required or it is design designated
As a technical requirement under Article 19 subsection 6 whereas on the other hand local reservations which are provided it highlights or it provides domicile or domicile related requirements as this domicile related requirement it is based on your resident status which you can understand is quite different from technical aspects and in
This regard the high court has highlighted that state can only restrict the application of Article 19 based only on technical aspects and not on domicile or residence based aspects hence I understand this addresses your problem of tamana f now this was all for today’s discussion on Daily News simplified and
We’ll see you again that is tomorrow at 6: p.m. with this let me address or let me bid you go
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