Thank you a warm welcome to Sarah chandrayas Academy where your dreams are our mission this is your third here again today we are going to talk about a fraternity in the last video we talked about the population in the demographics in this video we’ll be talking about the
Fraternity which is often an overlooked topic makes a part of our preamble now why are we reading about this let us see about that we’ll see the Constitutional perspectives the context of the news and the editorial and what is the way forward and related aspects so let’s begin the lecture
Let’s first trace the origin of this word fraternity so it’s an amalgamation of two words flatter and knitting so what is freder means Brotherhood or brother it is of Latin origin daddy means basically Brotherhood candidates bhaijara or to take or understand the other members of the same Community or a
Different Community as brothers or as a member of vast family so let’s see what is fraternity and what is its role in the Constitutional standpoint it is a an established fact two things let us see that India so assume this is India so India is it an established fact that it’s a vast
Family and it is supposed or expected to function like one and we are the family members wherever we live we are supposed and expected to behave in a certain Brotherhood or with a fraternity so let’s see what does this or what role does this play in the Constitutional framework
So this is the preamble of the Indian constitution you can see here let us talk about Preamble a bit so we talked already about this portion we the people of India that means the power comes from the people we discussed this all in the keshwan and bharti case video
So what are the words here that is Sovereign socialistic secular Democratic Republic and to secure towards all citizens now we are talking about the citizen part so what are the things Justice other thing is Liberty other things are equality and one thing is this fraternity so what is the role of fraternity here
Let us see that so fraternity assures the Dignity of the individual second thing is unity and Integrity of the Nation so it’s a two-way thing that means if all the members of a family live with Brotherhood amongst themselves then the Dignity of all the members is secure because they feel equal
And not discriminated second thing it also secures if the members of a family are secure if they are functionally well then it will secure the Integrity of the whole nation because had we talked about demographics and population in the yesterday’s video as well we saw that nation is eventually made of its people
And people are the power with which the nation functions so the people remain with dignity and fraternity the nation will remain integrated so these are the two values three values that we are talking about in this lecture also all right so this is where I have taken this editorial from The Challenge
Of Reviving a sense of fraternity it appeared in the Hindu it’s written by Hamid Ansari was the Vice President of India between 2007 and 17 that means for it two terms so there’s a lot that he has written let us see the most important points from the lecture
From this editorial so let’s begin with the history of this word history of the concept so the idea of fraternity is closely linked to the social solidarity so historically this idea was more in prevalence in the countries which were socialistic because we are talking eventually about the society
The word Society in Hindi it is samaj that means some plus uh some means equal and AJ means people so the society is eventually made of people who are equivalent status in Opportunities not discriminated against so the fraternity is in essential concept of the society that is inseparable
So social solidarity which is impossible to accomplish without public empathy just a second pointed out that the contents of the Preamble were not only legal and political principles but also had a moral spiritual and mystical content so these are the important lines which you can use in your answer writing also
So it became an official demand of the Inc in 1935 and was officially adopted in the Lucknow session in April 1936 presided by jawaharlal nehru who was also drafting the objective resolution at that time these are all the effects which you can use in your answers and in your knowledge as well
Just a second together so in the conducting session of the constituent assembly BR ambedkar pointed out that the absence of recognition of the principle of Fraternity in the Constitution he stated that without fraternity equality and Liberty would be no deeper than course of paint so the fraternity
Also serves as the basis for the equality and Liberty the constitution of India was drafted by the constituent assembly recognizing the need for Fraternity as one of the fundamental principles this is also why it’s so important for this to have in our Preamble as I already told you it
Guarantees the Dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation all right so however the concept of fraternity is not sufficiently understood and its Duties are not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution so this is the biggest challenge involved in anything written in the Constitution itself
As we talked about the basic structure Doctrine as well that all things that are more than text beyond the text are not explicitly mentioned or defined in the Constitution all right let’s now come to the Constitutional part of this fraternity thing so it’s mentioned in the Preamble as we
Have already seen the principle of fraternity was added to the principle in the Preamble along with Liberty equality and justice so there are four things that you must remember I hope you all remember the preamble that is Liberty equality Justice and fraternity in the fundamental duties article 51a on
Fundamental duties added by the 42nd amendment in 1977 this is also the time that we are talking about that we talked about in our first video in the basic structure Doctrine video so that was the temple to us times and citizens were expected to do certain things
So that’s why these were added initially they were further amended by the 86th amendment in 2010. article 51a the portion e generally refers to the duty of every citizen to promote Harmony and the spirit of common Brotherhood amongst all people of India it’s a very much relevant especially now when in India
India is going through tough times you can see people in these states especially in the southern states in the eastern states facing discrimination recently there was a news that people from Bihar faced certain discrimination in the state of Tamil Nadu going to their language culture in the Karnataka there have been many
News very recently that people are facing especially Northern surfacing discrimination or into their language and the same has been in the Maharashtra let’s say with the migrant laborers even the northern states such as Himachal uttarakhand they are facing the same thing so India is more is becoming more and
More hostile to the diversity to the inherent diversity and culture that made us very unique in the world so that’s why it’s much relevant for us to read it now so these are the Articles which you should remember and note down let’s see what are the challenges
Involved in what we are talking about the establishment of complete functional fraternity or Brotherhood so as I told you that fraternity is again a two waiting with fraternity we are expected or supposed to consider others as our brother now let’s say this is group a and this is Group B
Now they consider each other brothers they also consider each other brothers but now for group a to consider Group B Brothers of themselves they must have something in common we consider our real or actual Brothers brothers because they are from the same family we have the same blood
Sometimes we can also call our friends our brothers because we share something in common either our ideas and thoughts are common our emotions or feelings are common our social or cultural background is common there has to be some element of commonness so that we can identify with them in the relation of Brotherhood
But let’s say India when we talk about India so India is a vast country and it becomes very very difficult for someone belonging to let’s say Rajasthan to identify with someone living in Kerala so diversity is a two-way thing it almost seems like a different country when they cannot find some structure of
The commonness however if we will see these things in the way forward that what can be done to establish some kind of commonness in the thoughts ideas belief system in two people belonging to different parts of India in people who are diverse or belonging to diverse culture or traditions
That they can recognize with each other identify with each other and identify with a common belonging region or idea of the India or a nation itself call it so the diversity of cultures and traditions among different communities can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts this can create even in the India you
Can see very recently yesterday only there was attacked in the dantevara chattisgarh lights so it’s very clear that the naxalits do not think of those who Those whom they attacked as their brothers because their goals were different and their goals are different that is why they are adamant overkilling
Each other then there’s government then there is common citizen who are living in the fear of all this conflict even in the northern part there is a kalistan movement going on so this all you can read in internal security but what we are going through is misunderstandings and conflict
Because of having various goals and no not able viability the loss of the ability to identify with the common idea of that is Bharat or India so for instance religious or caste based differences can lead to mistrust discrimination and even violence this can result in the erosion of the
Fraternity and the polarization of the society what is the polarization these are the words you can use in your answer also pollution means basically having two poles let’s say this is the common ground so if parties are deflected toward poles they become polarized not being able to find a common ground
For understandings and often falling into the ideas of violence conflict and discrimination other things are economic disparities so the vast economic divide between different sections of society can lead to resentment and feelings of discrimination leading to a lack of trust and cooperation among citizens when people feel that they are being
Treated unfairly or that their economic status is a barrier to their success they are less likely to cooperate and work together for the common good this can lead to a breakdown in Social cohesion which is a fundamental aspect of fraternity so yesterday also we talked about this when we talked about population
That more population is there then more disparities there when there is more disparity basically it means the spectrum is wide when there are more population let’s say this person is having one lakh rupees or 1000 rupees this person is having one rupees so why should he consider him brother or
Why should he consider him brother what is the reason because of which he has 1000 rupees and what is the reason because of this he has one rupees only so there can be social reason there can be economic reason there can be discrimination also there can be inherent errors also
But will they consider each other brothers so it is very unlikely because of the difference in their social economic ideological educational and economic status and so these differences make will they work together towards the common goal towards nation building so the answer is of course no he will work
First to fulfill his hunger and he will work mostly to enjoy his life so this is also one issue other thing is political differences so political parties in India are quite a lot associated with how our life functions the group you belong to let’s say you are elderly you are a student
You are a widow you are a woman you are a man so the schemes that are available to you the Social Security that is available to you is decided most often by the political parties so with different goals people vote different political parties so they can create deep divides in society and
Impede cooperation and dialogue political differences can also lead to polarization the same thing we talked about where people become deeply divided along political lines so it’s a very big issue right now in India the followers of Modis are called bhatsu nowadays on the Bucks and all so these are
Very stupid issues that have been created because of the polarization of political beliefs it’s nothing wrong to support a certain party it’s not wrong to oppose a certain party but the basis for this support and opposition are should be logical ideas not the idealization of the leaders not the
Image winning of the leaders this is what is going on in India so this can create an atmosphere of hostility and intolerances so what we are talking about we all know these things whatever I’m talking about we live in the same country but how to actually use them how to
Materialize them so this becomes important so at least in the notes we cannot write all these things so in the answers we should write very formally such as the divides that we’re talking about political economic social disparities Etc and you should be knowing the points which are important towards the answer writing at
Least three four points for the each topic one is failure of the Constitutional morality so this is also a very separate term which should know about so constitutional morality which is based on the values enshrined in the Indian constitution is critical to maintaining fraternity the failure of the Constitutional morality can lead to
A loss of confidence in institutions and the rule of law this can create a climate of uncertainty and instability which can ultimately undermine the spirit of Brotherhood and social Prohibition in society one thing is inadequate moral order so ethics and models so these are two things which every person should have or should
At least know about in definition you can read about both these things they are also important for the GS4 paper so a functioning model order in society is essential for the success of democracy this includes adherence to ethical values social responsibilities and a sense of social justice any
Failure in this can lead to erosion of the spirit of Brotherhood for instance if individuals are not held accountable for unethical actions it can lead to a breakdown interest among citizens resulting in Social and cultural barriers that hinder fragility let’s now see what is the way forward so
Let’s see in short so promote Interfaith dialogue what is faith what is the difference between faith and belief basically belief is a in something that we understand the mechanism of the process of facing faces in something Faith sorry that we do not see or are able to understand the exact mechanism of
So this is why faith is more radical let’s say then the belief faith cannot be changed even if the process is visible let’s say we talk about different religions when we read in upsc also we talk about Hinduism we talk about Buddhism Jainism so let’s say Jainism says that there is a spirit
On to which the particles of the karma adhere Buddhism says there is no Spirit Hinduism says there is a spirit and it is not only indestructible but also is forever living and attained some kind of moksh now there is no explanation in all the three regions to why this all
Happens or why is it so but if you believe in this or any of this this is known as Faith because we don’t understand how this happens but we still believe that this happens this is why the conflict between different faiths let’s say Islam says something else
About all this so there can be a conflict between them because the process is not visible so encouraging dialogue and understanding between different faith can help Foster a sense of fraternity another thing is celebrity diversity so we I talked about diversity about the language culture tradition food
The way of living the society so these are very diverse in each part of India so once we understand this this is also one reason that uh when you go to labasana then they take you to the Bharat darshan to understand all this that how people are living in the parts
Of the India so embracing the diversity can help bring people closer basically another thing is education so education can solve many many problems so the Indian constitution lays upon several values such as equality Liberty Justice fraternity so educating people about these values can inculcate a sense of fraternity among them
Another things are encourage volunteering in the social works or in the social fabric supports social initiatives so again the same thing basically so supporting social initiative that promote inclusivity and equality can help create a sense of Fraternity in society let’s say if we arrange a marathon where everybody is supposed to
Run five kilometers then everybody can take part and feel equal in this or this can turn into a let’s say cleaning event a beach cleaning event so this will also help support fraternity another thing is foster a sense of national pride so the idea of what is India
Or Bharat should be clear in the minds of people and promoting patriotism and national pride can bring people together because that we can identify as a common ground so this was about today’s lecture I hope you understood the world the meaning the history the context the challenges involved and the way forward
I’ll see you in the next video thank you very much and this is your third here signing off keep studying keep growing and have a very bright day ahead
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