Because it highlights that the up government will celebrate 525th birth anniversary of Saint mirabay as this saint it promoted or played a pivotal role in the bti movement in our country and why are we discussing this particular topic this is because upsc in Gs paper 1 it specifically highlights Indian
Culture further questions related to bti movement it was asked in the MS of the Year 2019 hence you can see any development related to bti movement it is important from exams point of view now who was this meabay this particular person she was born in the par District of Rajasthan
And she was born in a rajput family and she was a great granddaughter of founder of jodpur now she she was married into the royal family of marar however she faed difficulties in her marital life hence in order to deal with difficulties she became a disciple
Of Lord Krishna and this it changed her life in a transformative manner because she then understood the benefits of bti and gave her life in furthering the teachings of Lord Krishna and thereby she decided to move out out of her royal palace and then she shifted to the
Places such as dwara as well as vavan which are important places when you consider Lord Krishna now you are popular you must have heard a popular pajan which is called as POI Man ramatan Dan now you’ll be surprised to know that this particular Bajan it was composed by
Me by herself hence you can notice the amount of contribution that she has had in furthering the bti culture in our society now what is this bti movement let us understand this in the next slide now this slide in particular let me understand or let me tell you the spread
Of bti movement in the country now bti movement it originated in Sixth and 7th Century in the area of present day Tamil Nadu where sections of society especially the alar who were bashite as well as nayanars who were Shiite in nature they provided or gained prominence in the Society of then Tamil
Nadu and this was the origin of bti movement in the country then this bti movement it spread in the area of Canard region especially with relation to Lord basana and this was during the period of 12th century because Lord baswa along with his disciple such as Alama prau
They provided or furthered a rich literary tradition which was n as Wan sahya and this Wan sahiya it conveyed a profound observation related to both spiritual as well as social aspects of then Canada Society then in the late 13th century it moved to the area of present day Maharashtra where three primary
Influential figures who were nand Dev namdev as well as s tukaram they played a pivotal role especially with relation to S tukaram who was sudra by birth he created or rather he rebelled against the societal Norm because he he was a sudra and he became Merchant by profession which you
Can notice was prohibited in the medevial Indian society and this was in the late 13th century and in this what tukaram did was that he also defined the brahmanical Notions because he started writing on religious matters which was previously only reserved for the Priestly classes most importantly his writing was in
Marati and not Sanskrit hence you can see his writing it faced opposition from the Orthodox elements of then Marat Society further this particular bti movement it spread to Northern India in the 15th to 17th century and more importantly pigar such as Kabir ravidas as well as gurunanak
They played a pivotal role in spread of bti movement in the whole of North India along with mirabay now what were the causes for origin of this bti movement in Indian Society in general as you can understand Indian Society in the Medieval ages it was a highly rigid Society where the
Highest section of the society which were brahans and they had monopolized the religion and religious aspect of our Indian Society sorry now as you can understand this rigid social structure of Indian society which was heralded by brahans at the top it excluded the other section of Indian Society from conducting religious
Practices hence Indian religious system it categorize especially with irrelevant rituals as well as Blind Faith further what people of India especially the lower strata of the society they were looking for some simple way to Foster reconciliation with the god which they were unable to do so in the case of social rigidity hence
This Simplicity it was provided to them by the bti movement self because bti movement it favored a both as previously an Indian individual especially an Hindu he needed to practice his religion by understanding the complex philosophy of Vedas and opad and naturally only the brahans that were
The Priestly section of the society they were able to read these scriptures hence the lowest Strat of the society they felt excluded included from the religious connection that they can be understood with hence what they wanted was a simple and was a simple religious culture and this simple
Religious culture it was provided to them by the bti Saints further there was a spread of Sufism in the Indian Society especially in the early 11th to 12th century and Saints such as moin chisti as well all as well as nudin what they favored was a conciliatory approach between Hinduism and
Islam further this Spirit of reconciliation it also encouraged Hindu reformers to undertake reforms in this religion and this reform it wanted to end the social rigidity that was prevalent in the Indian Society hence the condition was ripe for spread of bti movement in the country now what are the
Features of bti movement that has led to its popularity in general first now Indian especially in Hindu mythology there are multiple gods and hence Hindu mythology it is polytheist in nature because a Hindu he can worship multiple gods at the same time whereas on the other hand what B movement did
Was that it provided monotheist approach to religion because it aimed to unify the spiritual practice and a devotion in just one God and this simplified the religious practices in general because now devotees they were encouraged to submit thems in entirety to just one God and this increased the level of
Spiritualization in the Indian Society further how earlier what a Hindu needed to do was that he had to involve a member of a Priestly class and this Priestly member will conduct certain rituals whereas on the other hand what bti reformers tried to do was that that they acknowledge the role of gurus as
These gurus they acted as mentors and perceptors and helped the individual as a Guiding Light to achieve their path of Salvation hence you can say that it simplified or rather reduced the prevalence of Priestly class in the society by making the rituals most simplified and easy to access in nature
It provided them especially the lowest Strat of society with a increased salvation and a direct approach to the God himself for Indian Society back then it was socially rigid in nature and it generally related to social inequality however with practices such as common food as well as sitting down
To listen to heims in a common manner it promoted a sense of universal Brotherhood in the Indian Society because a person who is involved in a bti movement he will attend a or Kian in addition to members of Indian Society who can be of any cast and when these all individual
They provide or involve in a social gathering in an equal manner it further reduces the social inequality that was prevalent back in the Indian Society further Indian especially Hindus they can conduct their religion practices through a elaborate of puas as well as worship and this was primarily done
Through a process of idol worship because an ideal is placed in front of you and then then you worship that particular God whereas on the other hand the method of worship in the God especially in the bti movement it favored singing HMS and songs to that
God hence you can say that it rejected the idea of idol worship now the most important development or most important feature of this bti movement was the promotion of local languages now earlier most of the Hindu scriptures they were written in Sanskrit while on the other hand as far
As Islam scriptures are concerned they are primarily written in Persian as well as Arabic and in order to understand these languages you need a help of a member of Priestly class hence naturally lower Strat of society they were excluded from reading this El these religious scriptures whereas on the other hand these bti
Movement Saints they provided teachings in local languages hence people of the lower Strat of the society they were able to understand their teachings hence these were popularized in the Indian Society in general now let us discuss what what are the significance of this bti movement as far as Indian Society is
Concerned now the first most important impact of bti movement was social in nature now Indian society as I’ve already highlighted at the time it was segmented and rigid in nature and it did not favor Mobility either upward or downward in nature because once worth in the Indian
Society back then it was decided only all the basis of birth whereas on the other hand this bti movement it promoted a sense of equality and Oneness in the Indian Society hence you can understand that the ideals of equality and fraternity they came to be understood in the Indian Society much
Before these Idols they were involved or inculcated in the Indian constitution hence you can say that bti movement has a profound social impact on Indian Society further this bti movement it also encouraged or it also encouraged harmonious existence between multiple faiths in the country hence you can say
That it provided social harmony in the Indian Society also this bti movement it had a profound religious impact because it awakened both Hindus as well as Muslims of the shortcomings of their particular religion because both of these religions they were riddled by Orthodoxy ritualism as well as spiritualism and this prevented the
Participation of general public in the religious Affairs and rather what bti movement did was that it opened the religious aspect to the all SE of society hence increasing the inclusion especially of the socially marginalized sections further as I’ve already discussed it promoted the use of local languages because importantly espcially
In the northern India these bti movement Saints they give their teachings in either simple Hindi language or the regional dialect such as brj Basha as well as aadii hence you can see by using the local language the whole religious process it became more inclusive which allowed people from all walks of the
Society to participate and understand in the religious discourses further what this bti movement did was that it promoted moral values such as living life in a bias manner or promoting hard work or honest work and this encouraged people to engage in Social Services especially poor are concerned and hence you can say
This bti movement it furthered humanitarian values which furthered the Notions of self-control and hard and honest work however in hindsight when you EV evaluate the impact of bti movement on Indian Society we can say that it was able to achieve some level of reform in Hinduism as well as can have a certain
Impact on establishing religious Harmony especially it gave rise to Sikhism and it also promoted a broad Outlook in rulers like Akbar however one can also argue that it has created further divisions in the Indian Society because now Indian Society especially Hindus they have been segregated in more than one SE
For example there is a sect called Kabir panis which is dedicated to the followers of Kabir hence this was all for today’s discussion on bti movement
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