Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome by E.M. Berens – Audiobook

Myths and legends of ancient Greece and Rome by em Barons preface the want of an interesting work on Greek and Roman mythology suitable for the requirements of both boys and girls has long been recognized by the principles of our Advanced schools the study of the classics themselves even

Where the attainments of the pupil have rendered this feasible has not been found altogether successful in giving to the student a clear and succinct idea of the religious beliefs of the Ancients and it has been suggested that a work which would so deal with the subject as

To render it at once interesting and instructive would be hailed as a valuable introduction to the study of classic authors and would be found to assist materially the labors of both master and pupil in endeavoring to supply this want I have sought to place before the reader a lifelike picture of

The deities of classical times as they were conceived and worshiped by the Ancients themselves and thereby to awaken in the minds of young students a desire to become more intimately acquainted with the noble Productions of classical Antiquity it has been my aim to render the Legends which form the second

Portion of the work a picture as it were of old Greek life its Customs its superstitions and its princely hospitalities for which reason they are given at somewhat greater length than is usual in works of the kind in a chapter devoted to the purpose some interesting particulars have been collected

Respecting the public worship of the ancient Greeks and Romans more especially of the former to which is subjoined an account of their principal festivals I may add that no pains have been spared in order that without passing over the details the omission of which would have marred the completeness

Of the work not a single passage should be found which could possibly offend the most scrupulous delicacy and also that I have purposefully treated the subject with that reverence which I consider due to every religious system however erroneous it is hardly necessary to dwell upon the importance of the study

Of Mythology our poems our novels and even our daily journals team with classical Illusions nor can a visit to our art galleries and museums be fully enjoyed without something more than a mere superficial knowledge of a subject which has in all ages inspired painters sculptors and Poets it therefore only

Remains for me to express a hope that my little work may prove useful not only to teachers and Scholars but also o to a large class of General readers who in whiling away a Leisure Hour May derive some pleasure and profit from its perusal em Barons part one myths

Introduction before entering upon the many strange beliefs of the ancient Greeks and the extraordinary number of gods they worshiped we must first consider what kind of beings these divinities were in appearance the gods were supposed to resemble Mortals whom however they far surpassed in Beauty Grandeur and strength they were also

More commanding in stature height being considered by the Greeks an attribute of Beauty in man or woman they resembled human beings in their feelings and habits intermarrying and having children and requiring daily nourishment to recruit their strength and refreshing sleep to restore their energies their blood a bright ethereal fluid called

Ilor Never engendered disease and when shed had the power of producing New Life the Greeks believed that the mental qualifications of their gods were of a much higher order than those of men but nevertheless as we shall see they were not considered to be exempt from Human passions and we frequently behold them

Actuated by Revenge deceit and jealousy they however always punish their evildoer and visit with dire calamities any impious mortal who dares to neglect their worship or despise their rights we often hear of them visiting Mankind and partaking of their hospitality and not unfrequently both gods and goddesses become attached to Mortals with whom

They unite themselves The Offspring of these unions being called heroes or demigods who were usually renowned for their great strength and courage but although there were so many points of resemblance between Gods and Men there remained the one great characteristic distinction viz that the gods enjoyed immortality still they were not

Invulnerable and we often hear of them being wounded and suffering in consequence such exquisite torture that they have earnestly prayed to be deprived of their privilege of immortality the gods knew no limitation of time or space being able to transport themselves to incredible distances with the speed of thought they possessed the

Power of rendering themselves invisible at will and could assume the forms of men or animals as it suited their convenience they could also transform human beings into trees Stones animals Etc either as a punishment for their misdeeds or as a means of protecting the individual th thus transformed from impending

Danger their robes were like those worn by Mortals but were perfect in form and much finer in texture their weapons also resembled those used by mankind we hear of Spears Shields helmets bows and arrows Etc being employed by the gods each deity possessed a beautiful Chariot which drawn by horses or other animals

Of celestial breed conveyed them rapidly over land and sea according to their pleasure most of these divin lived on the summit of Mount Olympus each possessing his or her individual habitation and all meeting together on festive occasions in the council Chamber Of The Gods where their Banquets were

Enlivened by the sweet strains of Apollo’s liar whilst the beautiful voices of the muses poured forth their Rich Melodies to his harmonious accompaniment magnificent temples were erected to their honor where they were worshiped with the greatest solemnity Rich gifts were presented to them and animals and indeed sometimes human

Beings were were sacrificed on their altars in the study of Grecian mythology we meet with some curious and what may at First Sight appear unaccountable Notions thus we hear of terrible Giants hurling rocks upheaving mountains and raising earthquakes which engulf whole armies these ideas however may be accounted for by the awful convulsions

Of nature which were in operation in prehistoric times again the daily recurring phenomena which to us who know them to be the result of certain well as ained laws of nature are so familiar as to excite no remark were to the early Greeks matter of grave speculation and

Not unfrequently of alarm for instance when they heard the awful Roar of thunder and saw livid flashes of lightning accompanied by black clouds and Torrens of rain they believed that the great God Of Heaven was angry and they trembled at his wroth if the calm and Tranquil Sea became suddenly

Agitated and the crested Billows Rose mountains High dasing furiously against the rocks and threatening destruction to all within their reach the sea God was supposed to be in a furious rage when they beheld the sky glowing with the Hues of coming day they thought that the goddess of the Dawn with Rosy fingers

Was drawing aside the dark veil of night to allow her brother the sun god to enter upon his brilliant career thus personifying all the powers of nature this very imaginative and highly poetical Nation beheld a Divinity in every tree that grew in every stream that flowed in the bright beams of the

Glorious sun and the clear cold rays of the Silvery Moon for them the whole universe lived and breathed peopel by a thousand forms of grace and beauty the most important of these divinities may have been something more than mere creations of an active and poetical Imagination they were possibly human

Beings who had so distinguished themselves in life by their preeminence over their fellow Mortals that after death they were deified by the people among whom they lived and The Poets touched with their magic wand the det details of lives which in more prosaic times would simply have been recorded as

Illustrious it is highly probable that the reputed actions of these deified beings were commemorated by bards who traveling from one state to another celebrated their praise in song it therefore becomes exceedingly difficult nay almost impossible to separate bare facts from the exaggerations which never fail to accompany oral

Traditions in order to exemplify this let us suppose that Orphus the son of Apollo so renowned for his extraordinary musical Powers had existed at the present day we should no doubt have ranked him among the greatest of our musicians and honored him as such but the Greeks with their vivid imagination

And poetic license exaggerated his remarkable gifts and attributed to his music Supernatural influence over animate and inanimate nature thus we hear of wild beasts tamed of Mighty Rivers arrested in their course and of the mountains being mov moved by The Sweet Tones of his voice the theory here

Advanced may possibly prove useful in the future in suggesting to the reader the probable basis of many of the extraordinary accounts we meet with in the study of classical mythology and now a few words will be necessary concerning the religious beliefs of the Romans when the Greeks

First settled in Italy they found in the country they colonized a mythology belonging to the Celtic inhabitants which according to the Greek custom of paying reverence to all gods known or unknown they readily adopted selecting and appropriating those divinities which had the greatest Affinity to their own

And thus they formed a religious belief which naturally bore the impress of its ancient Greek source as the Primitive Kelts however were a less civilized people than the Greeks their mythology was of a more barbarous character and this circumstance combined with the fact that the Romans were not gifted with the

Vivid imagination of their Greek neighbors leaves its mark on the Roman mythology which is far less less fertile in fanciful conceits and efficient in all those fairy-like stories and wonderful poetic ideas which so strongly characterize that of the Greeks origin of the world first dynasty Uranus and Gaia cus and

Terara the ancient Greeks had several different theories with regard to the origin of the world but the generally accepted notion was that before this world came into existence there was in its place a confused mass of shap shapeless elements called chaos these elements becoming at length Consolidated

By what means does not appear resolved themselves into two widely different substances the lighter portion of which soaring on high formed the sky or firmament and consisted itself into a vast overarching vault which protected the firm and solid Mass beneath thus came into being the two first great

Primeval deities of the Greeks Uranus and GE or GA Uranus the more refined deity represented the light and dare of Heaven possessing the distinguishing qualities of light heat Purity and omnipresence whilst Gaia The Firm flat life- sustaining Earth was worshiped as the great all- nourishing mother her

Many titles refer to her more or less in this character and she appears to have been universally revered among the Greeks there being scarcely a city in Greece which did not contain a temple erected in her honor indeed Gaia was held in such veneration that her name was always invoked whenever the gods

Took a solemn oath made an emphatic declaration or implored assistance Uranus the heaven was believed to have United himself in marriage with giath the Earth and a moment’s reflection will show what a truly poetical and also what a logical idea this was for taken in a figurative sense this Union actually

Does exist the smiles of Heaven produce the flowers of Earth whereas his long continued frowns exercise so depressing an influence upon his loving partner that she no longer decks herself in bright and festive robes but responds with ready sympathy to his Melancholy mood the firstborn child of Uranus and

Gaia was Oceanus the ocean stream that vast expanse of ever flowing water which encircled the Earth here we meet with another logical though fanciful conclusion which a very slight knowledge of the workings of nature proves to have been just and true the ocean is formed from the rains which descend from heaven

And the streams which flow from Earth by making oenus therefore The Offspring of urenus and Gaia the Ancients if we take this notion in its literal sense merely assert that the ocean is produced by the combined influence of Heaven and Earth whilst at the same time their fervid and

Poetical Imagination LED them to see in all this as in all manifestations of the powers of nature an actual tangible Divinity but Uranus the heaven the embodiment of light Heat and the Breath of Life produced Offspring who were of a much less material nature than his son

Oenus these other children of his were supposed to occupy the intermediate space which divided him from Gaia nearest to Uranus and just beneath him came ether ether a bright creation representing that highly rarified atmosphere which Immortals alone could breathe Then followed air which was in close proximity to Gaia and represented

As its name implies the grosser atmosphere surrounding the earth which more could freely breathe and without which they would perish e and air were separated from each other by divinities called Nephi these were their restless and wandering sisters who existed in the form of clouds ever floating between

Ether and air Gaia also produced the mountains and pontis the Sea she United herself with the latter and their offspring were the sea deities nus thas porcus stto and UIA coexistent with Uranus and Gaia were two Mighty Powers who were also The Offspring of chaos these were arabus

Darkness and nicks Knight who formed a striking contrast to the cheerful Light Of Heaven and the Bright Smiles of Earth arabus reigned in that Mysterious World below where no ray of sunshine no gleam of daylight nor vestage of health-giving terrestrial life ever appeared NYX the sister of arabus represented Knight and

Was worshiped by the Ancients with the greatest solemnity Uranus was also supposed to have been United to NX but only in his capacity as God of Light he being considered the source and Fountain of allight and their children were AOS Aurora the Dawn and Hamera the daylight

NYX again on her side was also doubly United having been married at some indefinite period to arabus in addition to those children of Heaven and Earth already enumerated Uranus and Gaia produced two distinctly different races of beings called Giants and TI Titans the Giants personified brute strength alone but the Titans

United to their great physical power intellectual qualifications variously developed there were three Giants brus cutus and JIS who each possessed 100 hands and 50 heads and were known collectively by the name of hakatan cheris which signified hundred-handed these Mighty Giants could shake the universe and produce earthquakes it is therefore evident that

They represented those active Subterranean forces to which illusion has been made in the opening chapter the Titans were 12 in number their names were oenus seos Creos Hyperion yadus cronis Thea rehea Themis manem Phoebe and teus now Uranus the chased Light Of Heaven the essence of all that is bright

And pleasing held in importance his crude rough and turbulent Offspring the Giants and moreover fear feed that their great power might eventually prove hurtful to himself he therefore hurled them into Tartarus that portion of the lower World which served as the Subterranean dungeon of the Gods in

Order to avenge the oppression of her children the Giants Gaia instigated a conspiracy on the part of the Titans against Uranus which was carried to a successful issue by her son cronis he wounded his father and from the blood of the wound which fell upon the Earth

Sprang a race of monstrous beings also called GI assisted by his brother Titans cronis succeeded in dethroning his father who enraged at his defeat cursed his rebellious son and foretold to him a similar fate cronis now became invested with supreme power and assigned to his brothers offices of Distinction

Subordinate only to himself subsequently however when secure of his position he no longer needed their assistance he basely repayed their former services with treachery made War upon his brothers and and faithful allies and assisted by the Giants completely defeated them sending such as resisted to his all-conquering arm down to the

Lowest depths of Tartarus end of section one section two of myths and legends second Dynasty cronis Saturn kronis was the god of time in its sense of Eternal duration he married Ria daughter of Uranus and GAA a very important Divinity to whom a special chapter will be devoted

Hereafter their children were three sons aidus Pluto Poseidon Neptune Zeus Jupiter and three daughters hesa Vesta demer SES and Hera Juno cronis having an uneasy conscience was afraid that his children might one day rise up against his authority and thus verify by the prediction of his father

Uranus in order therefore to render the prophecy impossible of fulfillment cronis swallowed each child as soon as it was born greatly to the sorrow and indignation of his wife Ria when it came to Zeus the sixth and last Ria resolved to try and save this one child at least

To love and cherish and appeal to her parents Uranus and GAA for counsel and assistance by their advice she wrapped a stone in baby clothes and cronis in eager haste swallowed it without noticing the deception the child thus saved eventually as we shall see dethroned his father cronis became

Supreme god in his stead and was universally venerated as the great National god of the Greeks anxious to preserve the secret of his existence from cronis Ria sent the infant Zeus secretly to creit where he was nourished protected and educated a sacred goat called amoa supplied the

Place of his mother by providing him with milk nymphs called melis fed him with honey and Eagles and doves brought him nectar and Ambrosia see footnote 4 he was kept concealed in a cave in the heart of Mount Ida and the curit or priests ofria by beating their Shields

Together kept up a constant noise at the entrance which drowned the C of the child and frightened away all Intruders under the watchful care of the nymphs the infant Zeus throve rapidly developing great physical Powers combined with extraordinary wisdom and intelligence grown to manhood he determined to compel his father to

Restore his brothers and sisters to the light of day and is said to have been assisted in this difficult task by the goddess mettis who artfully persuaded cronis to drink a potion which caused him to give back the children he had swallowed the stone which had counterfeited Zeus was placed at Deli

Where it was long exhibited as a sacred Relic cronis was so enraged at being circumvented that war between the Father and Son became inevitable the Rival forces ranged themselves on two separate high mountains in thessaly Zeus with his brothers and sisters took his stand on Mount Olympus where he was joined by

Oceanis and others of the Titans who had forsaken cronis on account of his oppressions cronis and his brother Titans took possession of Mount AIS and prepared for battle the struggle was long and Fierce and at length Zeus finding that he was no nearer Victory than before be thought himself of the

Existence of the imprisoned Giants and knowing that they would be able to render him most powerful assistance he hastened to liberate them he also called to his Aid the Cyclops sons of Poseidon and amphitrite who had only one eye each in the middle of their foreheads and were called brontis Thunder stops

Lightning and Pyon fire Anvil they promptly responded to his summons for help and brought with them tremendous Thunderbolts which the hecatonchires with their hundred hands hurled down upon the Enemy at the same time raising Mighty earthquakes which SP swalled up and destroyed all who opposed them aided by these new and Powerful

Allies Zeus now made a furious Onslaught on his enemies and so tremendous was the encounter that all nature is said to have throbbed in accord with this Mighty effort of the celestial deities the sea Rose mountains high and its angry Billows hissed and foamed the Earth shook to its foundations the

Heavens sent forth Rolling Thunder and Flash after flash of death bringing lightning while a blinding Mist enveloped cronis and his allies and now the fortunes of War began to turn and victory Smiled On Zeus cronis and his army were completely overthrown his brothers dispatched to the gloomy depths of the lower world and

Cronis himself was banished from his kingdom and deprived forever of the supreme power which now became vested in his son Zeus this war was called the Titan amaka and his most graphic ly described by the old classic poets with the defeat of cronis and his banishment from his dominions his career as a

Ruling Greek Divinity entirely ceases but being like all the gods Immortal he was supposed to be still in existence though possessing no longer either influence or authority his place being filled to a certain extent by his descendant and successor Zeus cronis is often represented as an old man leaning

On a scythe with an hourglass in his hand The Hourglass symbolizes the fast fleeting moments as they succeed each other unceasingly the Scythe is emblematical of time which mows down all before it Saturn the Romans according to their custom of identifying their deities with those of the Greek gods whose attributes

Were similar to their own declared cronis to be identical with their old agricultural Divinity Saturn they believed that after his defeat in the Titan namaka and his banishment from his dominions by Zeus he took Refuge with Janus king of Italy who received the exiled deity with great kindness and

Even shared his throne with him their United Reign became so thoroughly peaceful and happy and was distinguished by such uninterrupted Prosperity that it was called the Golden Age Saturn is usually represented bearing a sickle in the one hand and a wheat sheath in the other other a temple was erected to him

At the foot of the Capitol line hill in which were deposited the public Treasury and the laws of the state Ria Ops Ria the wife of cronis and mother of Zeus and the other great gods of Olympus personified the Earth and was regarded as the great mother and unceasing

Producer of all plant life she was also believed to exercise unbounded sway over the animal creation more especially over the lion the noble king of beasts Ria is generally represented wearing a crown of turrets or towers and seated on a throne with lions crouching at her feet she is

Sometimes depicted sitting in a chariot drawn by lions the principal seat of her worship which was always of a very riotous character was at creit at her festivals which took place at night the wildest music of flutes symbols and drums resounded whilst joyful shouts and cries accompanied by dancing and Loud

Stamping of feet filled the air this Divinity was introduced into cre by its first colonists from friia in Asia Minor in which country she was worshiped under the name of sibili the people of cre adored her as the great mother more especially in her signification as the sustainer of the

Vegetable World seeing however that yearby year as winter appears all her glory vanishes her flowers fade and her trees become leafless they poetically Express this process of nature under the figure of a lost love she was said to have been tenderly attached to a youth of remarkable Beauty named atus who to

Her grief and indignation proved faithless to her he was about to unite himself to a nymph called sagaris when in the midst of the wedding Feast The Rage of the incensed Goddess suddenly burst forth upon on all present a panic seized the assembled guest and atus becoming Afflicted with temporary

Madness fled to the mountains and destroyed himself cibil moved with sorrow and regret instituted a yearly mourning for his loss when her priests the coreanas with their usual noisy accompaniments marched into the mountains to seek the lost youth having discovered him they gave full vent to their ecstatic Delight by indulging in

The most violent gesticulations dancing shouting and at the same time wounding and gashing themselves in a frightful manner see footnote 6 Ops in Rome the Greek Ria was identified with Ops the goddess of Plenty the wife of Saturn who had a variety of Appalachians she was called Magnum mat mat deorum bar cythia

Idea and also dind man this latter title she acquired from from three high mountains in friia whence she was brought to Rome as cile during the Second Punic War BC 205 in obedience to an injunction contained in the cilene books she was represented as a matron crowned with Towers seated in a chariot

Drawn by Lions division of the world we will now return to Zeus and his brothers who having gained a complete victory over their enemies began to consider how the world which they had conquered should be divided between them at last it was settled by lot that Zeus should reign

Supreme in heaven whilst 80s governed the lower world and Poseidon had full command over the sea but the supremacy of Zeus was recognized in all Three Kingdoms in heaven on Earth in which of course the sea was included and under the Earth Zeus held his court on the top

Of Mount Olympus whose Summit was beyond the clouds the dominions of Adis were the gloomy unknown regions below the Earth and Poseidon rained over the sea it will be seen that the realm of each of these Gods was enveloped in mystery Olympus was shrouded in Mists Hades was

Wrapped in Gloomy darkness and the sea was and indeed still is a source of Wonder and deep interest hence we see that what to other nations were merely strange phenomena serve this poetical and imaginative people as a foundation upon which to build the wonderful stories of their mythology the division of the world

Being now satisfactorily arranged it would seem that all things ought to have gone on smoothly but such was not the case trouble arose in an unlooked for quarter the Giants those hideous monsters some with legs formed of serpents who had sprung from the earth and the blood of Uranus declared war

Against the triumphant deities of Olympus and a struggle insued which in consequence of Gaia having made these children of hers Invincible as long as they kept their feet on the ground was wearisome and protracted their mother’s precaution however was rendered unavailing by pieces of rock being hurled upon them which threw them down

And their feet being no longer placed firmly on their mother earth they were overcome and this tedious War which was called the gigant Makia at last came to an end among the most daring of these earthborn Giants were Enceladus Rus and the Valiant mimus who with youthful fire

And energy hurled against Heaven great masses of rock and burning oak trees and defied the Lightnings of Zeus one of the most powerful monsters who opposed Zeus in this war was called tyen or typhus he was the youngest son of tardus and Gaia and had a h hundred heads with eyes

Which struck Terror to the beholders and awe inspiring voices frightful to hear this Dreadful monster resolved to conquer both gods and and men but its plans were at length defeated by Zeus who after a violent encounter succeeded in destroying him with a thunderbolt but not before he had so terrified the gods

That they had fled to Refuge to Egypt where they metamorphosed themselves into different animals and thus escaped theories as to the origin of man just as there were several theories concerning the origin of the world so there were various accounts of the creation of man man the first natural

Belief of the Greek people was that man had sprung from the earth they saw the tender plants and flowers forc their way through the ground in the early spring of the year after the frost of winter had disappeared and so they naturally concluded that man must also have issued

From the earth in a similar manner like the wild plants and flowers he was supposed to have had no cultivation and resembled in his habits the Untamed Beasts of the field having no habitation except that which nature had provided in the holes of the rocks and in the dense forest whose overarching boughs

Protected him from the inclemency of the weather in the course of time these primitive human beings became tamed and civilized by the gods and heroes who taught them to work in metals to build houses and other useful Arts of civilization but the human race became in the course of time so degenerate that

The gods resolved to destroy all mankind by means of a flood dualon son of of Prometheus and his wife PIRA being on account of their peity the only Mortals saved by the command of his father Duke Ken built a ship in which he and his wife took Refuge during the Deluge which

Lasted for nine days when the waters Abad the ship rested on Mount Aris in thessy or According to some on Mount Parnassus Duke Helen and his wife now consulted the Oracle of Themis as to how the human race might be restored the answer was that they were

To cover their heads and throw the bones of their mother behind them for some time they were perplexed as to the meaning of the oracular command but at length both agreed that by the bones of their mother were meant the stones of the earth they accordingly took up

Stones from the mountain side and cast them over their shoulders from those thrown by dualon their sprang up men and from those thrown by PIRA women after the lapse of time the theory of autocon from Otto self and khon Earth was laid aside when this belief existed there

Were no religious teachers whatever but in course of time temples were raised in honor of the different gods and Priests appointed to offer sacrifices to them and conduct their worship these priests were looked upon as authorities in all religious matters and the doctrine they taught was that man had been created by

The gods and that there had been several successive ages of men which were called the golden silver Brazen and iron ages life in the Golden Age was one unceasing round of ever recurring Pleasures unmarred by sorrow or care the favored Mortals living at this happy time LED pure and joyous lives thinking

No evil and doing no wrong the Earth brought forth fruits and flowers without toil or labor in plentiful luxuriance and War was unknown this delight ful and Godlike existence lasted for hundreds of years and when at length life on Earth was ended death laid his hand so gently

Upon them that they passed painlessly away in a happy dream and continued their existence as ministering Spirits in Hades watching over and protecting those they had loved and left behind on Earth the men of the Silver age were a long time growing up and during their childhood which lasted a hundred years

They suffered from ill health and extreme debility see footnote 7 when they at last became men they lived but a short time for they would not abstain from Mutual injury nor pay the service due to the gods and were therefore banished to Hades there unlike the beings of the golden age they

Exercised no beneficent supervision over the dear ones left behind but wandered about as Restless Spirits always sighing for the Lost Pleasures they had enjoyed in life the men of the braz and age were quite a different race of beings being as strong and powerful as those of the

Silver age were weak and innervated everything which surrounded them was of breast their arms their tools their dwellings and all that they made their characters seemed to have resembled the metal in which they delighted their minds and hearts were hard obdurate and cruel they led a life of strife and

Contention introduced into the world which had hitherto known nothing but peace and tranquility the scourge of war and were in fact only happy when fighting and quarreling with each other hither to themus the goddess of Justice had been living among mankind but becoming disheartened at their evil doings she abandoned the Earth and

Winged her flight back to Heaven at last the gods became so tired of their evil deeds and continual dissensions that they removed them from the face of the Earth and sent them down to Hades to share the fate of their predecessors we now come to the men of the Iron Age

The Earth no longer teeming with fruitfulness only yielded her increase after much toil and labor the goddess of Justice having abandoned mankind no influence remains sufficiently powerful to preserve them from every kind of wickedness and sin this condition grew worse as time went on until at last Zeus

In his anger let loose the water courses from above and drowned every individual of this evil race except dualan and PIRA the theory of heod the oldest of All Greek poets was that the Titan Prometheus the son of ypus had formed man out of clay and that athine had

Breathed the soul into him see footnote 8 full of love for the beings he had called into existence Prometheus determined to elevate their minds and improve their condition in every way he therefore taught them astronomy mathematics the alphabet how to cure diseases and the Art of divination he

Created this race in such great numbers that the gods began to see the necessity of instituting certain fixed laws with regard to the sacrifices due to them and the worship to which they considered themselves entitled from man kind in return for the protection which they accorded them an assembly was therefore

Convened at Meson in order to settle these points it was decided that Prometheus as the advocate of man should lonox which should be divided into two equal parts and that the gods should select one portion which should henceforth in all future sacrifices be set apart for them Prometheus so divided

The ox that one part consisted of the bones which formed of course the least valuable portion of the animal artfully concealed by the white fat whilst the other contained all the edible parts which he covered with the skin and on the top of it all he laid the

Stomach Zeus pretending to be deceived chose the Heap of bones but he saw through the stratagy and was so angry at the deception practiced on him by Prometheus that he Avenged himself by refusing to Mortals The Gift of fire Prometheus however resolved to Brave the anger of the great ruler of Olympus and

To obtain from Heaven the vital spark so necessary for the further progress and comfort of the human race he accordingly contrived to steal some Sparks from The Chariot of the sun which which he conveyed to Earth hidden in a hollow tube furious at being again outwitted Zeus determined to be revenged first on

Mankind and then on Prometheus to punish the former he commanded heus Vulcan to mold a beautiful woman out of clay and determined that through her instrumentality trouble and misery should be brought into the world the gods were so Charmed with the graceful and artistic creation of heus

That they all determined to endow her with some special gift Hermes Mercury bestowed on her a smooth persuasive tongue Aphrodite gave her beauty and the Art of pleasing The Graces made her fascinating and Athen minurva gifted her with the possession of feminine accomplishments she was called Pandora which means all gifted having received

Every attribute necessary to make her Charming and irresistible thus beautifully formed and endowed this Exquisite creature attired by The Graces and crowned with flowers by the seasons was conducted to the house of Epimetheus by Hermes the messenger of the Gods see footnote 9 now Epimetheus had been warned by his

Brother not to accept any gift whatever from the gods but he was so fascinated by the beautiful being who suddenly appeared before him that he welcomed her to his home and made her his wife it was not long however before he had caused to regret his

Weakness he had in his possession a jar of rare workmanship containing all the blessings reserved by the gods for mankind which he had been expressly forbidden to open but woman’s proverbial curiosity could not withstand so great a Temptation and Pandora determined to solve the mystery at any cost watching

Her opportunity she raised the lid and immediately all the blessings which the gods had thus reserved for mankind took wing and flew away but all was not lost just as hope which lay at the bottom was about to escape Pandora hastily closed the lid of the jar and thus preserve to

Man that never-failing Solace which helps him to bear with Courage the many ills which assail him see footnote 10 having punished mankind Zeus determined to execute Vengeance on Prometheus he accordingly chained him to a rock in Mount Caucasus and sent an eagle every day to gnaw away his liver

Which again every night ready for fresh torments for 30 years Prometheus endured this fearful punishment but at length Zeus relented and permitted his son Heracles Hercules to kill the eagle and the sufferer was released section three third Dynasty Olympian divinities Zeus Jupiter Zeus the great presiding diety

Of the universe the ruler rer of Heaven and Earth was regarded by the Greeks first as the God of all aial phenomena secondly as the personification of the laws of nature thirdly as Lord of State life and fourthly as the father of Gods and Men as the god of aial phenomena he

Could by shaking his agus produce storms tempests and intense Darkness at his command the mighty Thunder Rolls the lightning flashes and the clouds open and pour forth their refreshing streams to fructify the Earth as the personification of the operations of nature he represents those grand laws of unchanging and harmonious order by

Which not only the physical but also the moral world is governed hence he is the god of regulated time time as marked by the changing seasons and by the regular succession of day and night in Contra distinction to his father cronis who represents time absolutely for example

Eternity as the Lord of State life he is the founder of kingly power the upholder of all institutions connected with the state and the special friend and patron of of princes whom he guards and assists with his advice and counsel he protects the Assembly of the people and in fact

Watches over the welfare of the whole Community as the father of the Gods Zeus sees that each diety performs his or her individual Duty punishes their misdeeds settles their disputes and acts towards them on all occasions as they all all knowing counselor and mighty friend as the father of men he takes a

Paternal interest in the actions and well-being of Mortals he watches over them with tender solicitude rewarding truth charity and uprightness but severely punishing perjury cruelty and want of hospitality even the poorest and most forlorn Wanderer finds in him a powerful advocate for he by a wise and merciful dispensation ordains that the mighty

Ones of the earth should sucer their distressed and needy Brethren the Greeks believed that the home of this their Mighty and all powerful diety was on the top of Mount Olympus that high and lofty Mountain between thy and Macedon whose Summit wrapped in clouds and Mist was hidden from Mortal

View it was supposed that this mysterious region which even a bird could not reach extended beyond the clouds right into ather the realm of the immortal Gods The Poets describe this ethereal atmosphere as bright glistening and refreshing exercising A peculiar gladdening influence over the minds and hearts of those privileged beings

Permitted to share its Delights here youth never ages and the passing years leave no traces on its favored inhabitants on the cloudcap summit of Olympus was the Palace of Zeus and Hera of burnished gold chased silver and gleaming Ivory lower down were the homes of the other gods which though less

Commanding in position and size were yet similar to that of Zeus in design and workmanship all being the work of the Divine artist hephastus below these were other palaces of silver ebony ivory or burnished brass where their heroes or demigods resided as the worship of Zeus formed so

Important a feature in the religion of the Greeks his statues were necessarily both numerous and magnificent he is usually presented as a man of noble and imposing man his countenance expressing all the lofty Majesty of the omnipotent ruler of the universe combined with the gracious yet serious benignity of the father and

Friend of mankind he may be recognized by his Rich flowing beard and the thick masses of hair which rise straight from the high and intellectual forehead and fall to his shoulders in clustering locks the nose is large and finely formed and the slightly opened lips impart an air of sympathetic kindliness which invites

Confidence he is always accompanied by an eagle which either surmounts his scepter or sits at his feet he generally bears in his uplifted hand a sheath of thunderbolts just ready to be hurled whilst in the other he holds the lightning the head is frequently encircled with a wreath of oak leaves

The most celebrated statue of The Olympian Zeus was that by the famous Athenian sculptor fidus which was 40 ft high and stood in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia it was formed of Ivory and gold and was a masterpiece of art that it was reckoned among the Seven Wonders of the World it

Represented the god Seated on a Throne holding in his right hand a life-sized image of Nike the goddess of Victory and in his left a royal scepter surmounted by an eagle it is said that the great sculptor had concentrated all the marvelous powers of his genius on this Sublime conception and earnestly

Entreated Zeus to give him a decided proof that his labors were approved an answer to his prayer came through the open roof of the temple in the shape of a flash of lightning which fidus interpreted as a sign that the god of heaven was pleased with his

Work Zeus was first worshiped at dadona and epirus where at the foot of Mount tamarus on the Woody shore of Lake joanina was his famous Oracle the most ancient in Greece here the voice of the Eternal and invisible God was supposed to be heard in the rustling leaves of a

Giant Oak announcing to mankind the will of Heaven and the destiny of Mortals these Revelations being interpreted to the People by the priests of Zeus who were called SEL recent excavations which have been made at this spot have brought to light the ruins of the Ancient Temple of Zeus

And also among other interesting relics some plates of lead on which are engraved inquiries which were evidently made by certain individuals who consulted the Oracle these little Leen plates speak to us as it were in a curiously homely manner of a bygone time in the buried past one person inquires what God he

Should apply to for health and Fortune another asks for advice concerning his child and a third evidently a Shepherd promises a gift to the to the Oracle should a speculation in sheep turn out successfully had these little memorials been of gold instead of lead they would doubtless have shared the fate of the

Numerous Treasures which adorned this and other temples in the Universal pillage which took place when Greece fell into the hands of Barbarians though didona was the most ancient of his shrines the great National seat of the worship of Zeus was at Olympia in El where there was a magnificent Temple

Dedicated to him containing the famous colossal statue of fidus above described crowds of devout worshippers flocked to this world-renowned Fame from all parts of Greece not only to pay homage to their Supreme deity but also to join in the celebrated games which were held there at intervals of 4 years

The Olympic Games were such as a thoroughly National Institution that even Greeks who had left their native country made a point of returning on these occasions if possible in order to contend with their fellow countrymen in the various athletic sports which took place at these festivals it will be seen on reflection

That in a country like Greece which contained so many Petty states often at variance with each other these National Gatherings must have been most valuable as a means of uniting the Greeks in one Great Bond of Brotherhood on these festive occasions the whole nation met together forgetting for the moment all

Past differences and uniting in the enjoyment of the same festivities it will doubtless have been remarked that in the representations of Zeus he is always accompanied by an eagle this royal bird was sacred to him probably from the fact of its being the only creature capable of gazing at the sun without being

Dazzled which may have suggested the idea that it was able to contemplate the Splendor of divine Majesty unshrinking the oak tree and also the Summits of mountains were sacred to Zeus his sacrifices consisted of White Bulls cows and goats Zeus had seven Immortal wives whose names were mettis theis

Urome deit nemine Leto and Hera end of section three section four third Dynasty Olympian divinities Hera Palace athine feus and Hestia Hera being the principal wife of Zeus and queen of Heaven a detailed account will be given of her in a special chapter in the union of Zeus with most

Of his Immortal wives we shall find that an allegorical meaning is conveyed his marriage with mettis who is said to have surpassed both Gods and Men in knowledge represents supreme power Allied to wisdom and Prudence his Union with theis typifies the bond which exists between Divine majesty and justice ice Law and

Order urome as the mother of the Charities or Graces supplied the refining and harmonizing influences of grace and beauty whilst the marriage of Zeus with nesine typifies the Union of genius with memory in addition to the seven Immortal wives of Zeus he was also Allied to a

Number of mortal maidens whom he visited under various disguises as it was supposed that if he revealed himself in his true form as king of Heaven the Splendor of his glory would cause instant destruction to Mortals The Mortal consorts of Zeus have been such a favorite theme with poets

Painters and sculptors that it is necessary to give some account of their individual history those best known are antiopi Le Europa Kalisto Al me samil IO and den Palace Athen manova Palace Athen goddess of wisdom and armed resistance was a purely Greek Divinity that is to say No Other Nation possessed a corresponding

Conception she was supposed as already related to have issued from the head of Zeus himself clad in armor from head to foot the miraculous Advent of this Maiden goddess is beautifully described by Homer in one of his hymns snowcap Olympus shook to its foundation the Glad Earth re-echoed her

Marshal shout the billowy sea became agitated and Heloise the sun god arrested his fiery seeds in their headlong course to welcome this wonderful emanation from the godhead Athen was at once admitted into the Assembly of the Gods and henceforth took her place as the most faithful and sagacious of all her father’s

Counselors this Brave dauntless Maiden so exactly the essence of all that is Noble in the character of the father of Gods and Men remained throughout chaste in word and deed and kind at heart heart without exhibiting any of those failings which somewhat Mar the nobler features in the character of

Zeus this direct emanation from his own self justly his favorite child his better and purer counterpart received from him several important prerogatives she was permitted to Hur the Thunderbolts to prolong the life of man and to bestow the gift of Prophecy in fact Athen was the only Divinity

Whose authority was equal to that of Zeus himself and when he had ceased to visit the Earth in person she was empowered by him to act as his Deputy it was her special duty to protect the state and all peaceful associations of mankind which she possessed the power of Defending when occasion

Required she encouraged the maintenance of Law and Order and defended the right on All Occasions for which reason in the Trojan War she espouses the cause of the Greeks and exerts all her influence on their behalf the arpus a court of justice where religious causes and murders were

Tried was believed to have been instituted by her and when both sides happened to have an equal number of votes she gave the cast vote in favor of the accused she was the patroness of learning science and art more particularly where these contributed directly towards the welfare of Nations

She presided over all inventions connected with agriculture invented the plow and taught mankind how to use oxen for farming purposes she also instructed Mankind in the use of numbers trumpets ch chariots and sea and presided over the building of the Argo thereby encouraging the useful art of navigation she also taught the Greeks

How to build the wooden Horse by means of which the destruction of Troy was affected the safety of cities depended on her care for which reason her temples were generally built on the citadels and she was supposed to watch over the defense of the war walls fortification harbors and

Sea a Divinity who so Faithfully guided the best interests of the state but not only protecting it from the attacks of enemies but also by developing its Chief resources of wealth and prosperity was worthily chosen as the presiding diety of the state and in this character was an essentially political

Goddess she was called a athe poas the fact of AE having been born clad in armor which merely signified that her virtue and Purity were unassailable has given rise to the erroneous supposition that she was the presiding goddess of war but a deeper study of her character in all its

Bearing proves that in cont distinction to her brother Aries the God of War Who Loved strong St for its own sake she only takes up arms to protect the innocent and deserving against tyrannical oppression it is true that in The Iliad we frequently see her on the battlefield fighting valiantly and protecting her

Favorite Heroes but this is always at the command of Zeus who even supplies her with arms for the purpose as it is supposed that she possessed none of her own a marked feature in the representations of this diety is the agus that wonderful Shield given to her

By her father as a further means of Defense which when in danger she swung so swiftly round and round that it kept at a distance all antagonistic influences hence her name Palace from poow I swing in the center of this Shield which was covered with dragon scales bordered with serpents and with

She sometimes wore as a breastplate was the a inspiring head of the Medusa which had the effect of turning to Stone all beholders in addition to the many functions which she exercised in connection with the state othan presided over the Two Chief Departments of feminine industry spinning and

Weaving in the latter art she herself displayed unrivaled ability and exquisite taste she wo her own own robe and that of Hera which last she is said to have embroidered very richly she also gave Jason a cloak wrought by herself when he set forth in the quest of the Golden

Fleece being on one occasion challenged to a contest in this accomplishment by a mortal Maiden named Arachne whom she had instructed in the art of weaving she accepted the challenge and was completely vanquished by her pupil angry at her defeat she struck the unfortunate Maiden on the forehead with

The shuttle which she held in her hand and Arachne being of a sensitive nature was so hurt by this indignity that she hung herself in Despair and was changed by aen into a spider this goddess is said to have invented the flute upon which she played with considerable

Talent until one day being laughed at by the assembled gods and goddesses for the contortions which her countenance assumed during these musical efforts she hastily ran to a fountain in order to convince herself whether she deserve their ridicule finding to her intense disgust that such was indeed the fact she threw

The flute away and never raised it to her lips again Athen is usually represented fully draped she has a serious and thoughtful aspect as though replat with earnestness and wisdom the beautiful oval Contour of her countenance is adorned by the luxuriance of her wealth of hair which

Is drawn back from the temples and hangs down in careless Grace she looks the embodiment of strength Grandeur and Majesty whilst her broad shoulders and small hips give her a slightly masculine appearance when she represented as the war goddess she appears clad in armor with a helmet on her head from which

Waves a large plume She carries the agus on her arm and in her hand a golden staff which possessed the property of endow her chosen favorites with youth and dignity ath was universally woried throughout Greece but was regarded with special veneration by the Athenians she being the guardian deity of Athens her

Most celebrated Temple was the panon which stood on the Acropolis at Athens and contained her world-renowned statue by fidus which ranks second only to that of Zeus by the same great artist this colossal statue was 39 fet high and was composed of Ivory and gold its Majestic Beauty formed the chief

Attraction of the temple it represented her standing erect bearing her Spear and shield in her her hand she held an image of Nike and at her feet there lay a serpent the tree sacred to her was the olive which she herself produced in a contest with Poseidon The Olive Tree thus called into

Existence was preserved in the temple of erus on the Acropolis and is said to have possessed such marvelous Vitality that when the Persians burned it after sacking the town it immediately burst forth into new shoots the principal Festival held in honor of this Divinity was the panthia the owl and serpent were

The animals sacred to her and her sacrifices were Rams bulls and cows Theus themus who has already been alluded to as the wife of Zeus was the daughter of cronis and Ria and personified those Divine laws of justice and order by means of which the well-being and morality of communities are

Regulated she presided over the Assemblies of the people and the laws of hospitality to her was instructed the office of convoking the Assembly of the Gods and she was also Mistress of ritual and ceremony on account of her great wisdom Zeus himself frequently sought Her counsel and acted upon her advice

Theus was a prophetic Divinity and had an oracle near the river sephus in boaa she’s usually represented as being in the full maturity of Womanhood of fair aspect and wearing a flowing garment which drapes her Noble Majestic form in her right hand she holds the Sword of

Justice and in her left the scales which indicate the impartiality with which every cause is carefully weighed by her her eyes being bandaged so that the personality of the individual should carry no weight with respect to the verdict this Divinity is sometimes identified with taishi sometimes with an

Ani feus like so many other God divinities takes the place of a more ancient deity of the same name who was a daughter of Uranus and GAA this elder them inherited from her mother the gift of Prophecy and when she became merged into her younger representative she transmitted to her this prophetic

Power Hestia Vesta hesa was the daughter of cronis and rehea she was the goddess of fire in its first application to the wants of mankind hence she was essentially the presiding diety of domestic Earth and the guardian Spirit of man and it was her pure and benign influence which was

Supposed to protect the sanctity of domestic life now in these early ages the he was regarded as the most important and most sacred portion of the dwelling probably because the protection of the fire was an important consideration for if once permitted it became extinct reignition was attended with extreme

Difficulty in fact the hear was held so sacred that it constituted the sanctum of the family for which reason it was always erected in the center of every house it was a few feet in height and was built of stone the fire was placed on the top of it and served the double

Purpose of preparing the daily meals and consuming the family sacrifices es round this domestic hear or altar were gathered the various members of the family the head of the house occupying the place of honor nearest the hear here prayers were said and sacrifices offered and here also every

Kind and Loving Feeling was fostered which even extended to the hunted and guilty stranger who if he once succeeded in touching this sac alar was safe from Pursuit and Punishment and was henceforth placed under the protection of the family any crime committed within the sacred precincts of the domestic he was

Invariably visited by death in Grecian cities there was a common Hall called the panium in which the members of the government had their meals at the expense of the state and here too was the IA or public Hearth with its Fire by means of which those meals were prepared it was customary for

Immigrants to take with them a portion of this sacred fire which they jealously guarded and brought with them to their new home where it served as a connecting link between the young Greek colony and the mother country Hestia is generally represented standing and in accordance with the dignity and sanctity of her

Character character always appears fully draped her countenance is distinguished by a Serene gravity of expression end of section four section five third Dynasty Olympian divinities DEA and Aphrodite demita cus deita from Jita Earth mother was the daughter of cronis and Ria she represented that portion of GAA the

Whole solid earth which we call the Earth’s crust and which produces all vegetation as goddess of agriculture filled fruits plenty and productiveness she was the sustainer of material life and was therefore a Divinity of great importance when ancient gay are lost when Uranus her position as a ruling divinity

She abdicated her sway in favor of her daughter rehea who henceforth inherited the powers which her mother had previously possessed receiving in her place the honor and worship of mankind in a very old poem GAA is accordingly described as retiring to a cavern in the bowel of the Earth where

She sits in the lap of her daughter slumbering moaning and nodding forever and ever it is necessary to keep clearly in view the distinctive difference between the three great Earth goddesses GAA Rea and Dema GAA represents the Earth as a whole with its Mighty Subterranean forces Raya is that productive power

Which causes vegetation to Spring forth thus sustaining men and animals DEA by presiding over agricult culture directs and utilizes rea’s productive Powers but in later times when Rea like other ancient Divinity loses her importance as a ruling deity Dema assumes all her functions and attributes and then becomes the goddess

Of the life producing and life maintaining Earth crust we must bear in mind the fact that men in his primitive State knew neither how to sow nor how to till the ground when therefore he had exhausted the pastures which surrounded him he was compelled to seek others which were as

Yet unrep thus roaming constantly from one place to another settled habitations and consequently civilizing influences were possible Deiter however by introducing a knowledge of Agriculture put an end at once and forever to that nomadic life which was now no longer necessary the favor of Dem was believed to bring mankind rich

Harvests and fruitful crops whereas her displeasure caused blight drought and famine the island of Sicily was supposed to be under her special protection and there she was regarded with particular veneration the Sicilians are naturally attributing the wonderful fertility of their country to the partiality of the goddess

DEA is usually represented as a woman of noble bearing and Majesty appearance tall matronly and dignified with beautiful golden hair which falls in Rippling curls over her stately shoulders the yellow locks being emblematical of the ripened ears of corn sometimes she appears seated in a chariot drawn by winged dragons at

Others she stands erect her figure drawn up to its full height and always fully draped she Bears a sheath of white ears in one hand and a lighter torch in the other the wheat ears are not unfrequently replaced by a bunch of poppies in which her brows are also

Garlanded though sometimes she merely wears a simple Ry band in her hair demita as the wife of Zeus became the mother of pany pro aine to whom she was so tenderly attached that her whole life was bound up in her and she knew no happiness except in her

Society one day however whilst panie was gathering flowers in a meadow attended by the ocean nymphs she saw to her surprise a beautiful narcissist from the stem of which sprang forth a 100 blossoms Drawing Near to examine this lovely flower whose EX it scent perfumed the air she stooped down to gather it

Suspecting no evil when a yawning Abyss opened at her feet and AIS the Grim ruler of the lower World appeared from its depths seated in his dazzling Chariot drawn by four black horses regardless of her tears and the shrieks of her female attendance aah seized the terrified

Maiden and bore her away to the gloomy Realms over which he he reigned in Melancholy Grandeur Helios the allseeing Sun God and hecy a mysterious and very ancient Divinity alone heard her cries for aid but were powerless to help her when DEA became conscious of her loss her grief

Was intense and she refused to be comforted she knew not where to seek for her child but feeling that Repose and inaction were impossible she set out on her weary search taking with her two torches which she lighted in the Flames of Mount Etna to guide her on her way

For nine long days and nights she wandered on inquiring of everyone she met for Tidings of her child but all was in vain neither Gods nor men could give her the Comfort which her soul so hungered for at last on the 10th day the disconsolate mother met hecy who

Informed her that she she had heard her daughter’s cries but knew not who it was that had borne her away by hec’s advice Deiter consulted Helios whose allseeing eye nothing escapes and from him she learned that it was Zeus himself who had permitted ades to seee spany and transport her to the

Lower World in order that she might become his wife indignant with Zeus for having given his sanction to the Abduction of his daughter and filled with the bitterest sorrow she abandoned her home in Olympus and refused all Heavenly food disguising herself as an old woman she descended upon Earth and

Commenced a weary pilgrimage among man kind one evening she arrived at a place called elus in ateka and sat down to rest herself near a well beneath the shade of an olive tree the youthful Daughters of celius the king of the country came with their pales of brass

To draw water from this well and seeing that the tired werer appeared faint and dispirited they spoke kindly to her asking who she was and whence she came dimiter replied that she had made her escape from Pirates Who had captured her and added that she would feel

Grateful for a home with any worthy family whom she would be willing to serve in a menial capacity the princesses on hearing this begged deit to have a moment’s patience while they returned home and consulted with their mother mattina they soon brought the joyful intelligence that she was

Desirous of securing her Services as nurse to her infant’s son demon or tryp tmus when deita arrived at the house a radiant light suddenly illuminated her which circumstance so over AED Matera that she treated the unknown stranger with the greatest respect and Hospitality offered her food and

Drink but demit still grief foror and dejected refused her kindly offers and held herself apart from the social board at length however the maid servant iambi succeeded by means of playful gests and mert in somewhat dispelling the grief of The Sorrowing mother causing her at times to smile in spite

Of herself and even inducing her to partake of a mixture of barley meal mint and water which was prepared according to the directions of the Goddess herself time passed on and the young child throve amazingly under the care of his kind and judicious nurse who however

Gave him no food but anointed him daily with Ambrosia and every night laid him secretly in the fire in order to render him Immortal and exempt from old age but unfortunately this benevolent design on the part of Dema was frustrated by metera herself whose curiosity one night impelled her to

Watch the proceedings of the mysterious being who nursed her child when to her horror she beheld her son placed in the Flames she shrieked aloud Dema incensed at this untimely Interruption instantly withdrew the child and throwing him on the ground revealed herself in her true character the bent and aged form had

Vanished and in its place there stood a bright and beautious being whose golden locks streamed over her shoulders in richest luxuriance her whole aspect bespeaking dignity and Majesty she told the orru metera that she was the the goddess Dema and had intended to make her son Immortal but

That her fatal curiosity had rendered this impossible adding however that the child having slept in her arms and been nursed on her lap should ever command the respect and esteem of mankind she then desired that a temple and altar should be erected to her on a neighboring hill by the people of elus

Promising that she herself would direct them how to perform the sacred rights and ceremonies which should be observed in her honor with these words she took her departure never to return obedient to her commands celus called together a meeting of his people and built the temple on the spot which the goddess had

Indicated it was soon completed and de took up her Abode in it but her heart was still sad for the loss of her daughter and the whole world felt the influence of her grief and ejection this was indeed a terrible year for mankind deit no longer Smiled On the

Earth she was want to bless and though the husbandman sowed the Grain and the groaning oxen plowed the fields no Harvest rewarded their labor all was Barren dreary desolation the world was threatened with famine and the gods with the loss of their accustomed honors and sacrifices it became evident therefore to Zeus

Himself that some measures must be adopted to appease the anger of the Goddess he accordingly dispatched Iris and many of the other gods and goddesses to implore de to return to Olympus but all their prayers were fruitless the incensed goddess swore that until her daughter was restored to

Her she would not allow the grain to Spring forth from the earth at length Zeus sent Hermes his faithful Messenger to the lower world with a petition to ades urgently entreating him to restore pany to the arms of her disconsolate mother when he arrived in the gloomy

Realms of 80s Hermes found him Seated on a throne with the beautiful pany beside him sorrowfully bewailing her unhappy Fate on learning his errand ades consented to resign panie who joyfully prepared to follow the messenger of the Gods to the Abode of life and light before taking leave of her husband

He presented to her a few seeds of pomegranate which in her excitement she thoughtlessly swallowed and this simple act as the sequel will show materially affected her whole future life the meeting between mother and child was one of unmixed rapture and for the moment all the past was forgotten the

Loving mother’s happiness would now have been complete had not 8s asserted his rights these were that if any mortal had tasted food in his Realms they were bound to remain there forever of course the ruler of the lower world had to prove this assertion this however he found no difficulty in

Doing as escalopas the son of acaron and orne was his witness to the fact Zeus pitying the disappointment of demita at finding her hopes thus blighted succeeded in affecting a compromise by inducing his brother a to allow pany to spend six months of the year with the

Gods above whilst during the other six she was to be the the joyless companion of her Grim Lord below accompanied by her daughter the beautiful panie de now resumed her long abandoned dwelling in Olympus the sympathetic Earth responded gay to her Bright Smiles the corn at once sprang forth from the ground in

Fullest plenty the trees which late were sad and bare now dawned their brightest Emerald robes and the flowers so long imprisoned in the hard dry soil filled the whole air with their fragrant perfume thus ends this charming story which was a favorite theme with all the classic

Authors it is very possible that the poets who first created this graceful myth merely intended it as an allegory to illustrate the change of seasons in the course of time however a literal meaning became attached to this and similar poetical fancies and thus the people of Greece came to regard as an

Article of religious belief what in the first instance was nothing more than a poetic simile in the temple erected to Dema at elus the famous Elian Mysteries were instituted by the goddess herself it is exceedingly difficult as in the case of all secret societies to discover anything with certainty concerning these

Sacred rights the most plausible supposition is that the doctrines taught by the priests to the favored few whom they initiated were religious truths which were deemed unfit for the unstructured mind of the multitude for instance it is supposed that the myth of Dema and pany was explained by the teachers of the

Mysteries to signify the temporary loss which Mother Earth sustains every year when the icy breath of winter robs her of her flowers and fruits and grain It is believed that in later times a still deeper meaning was conveyed by this beautiful myth VI the doctrine of the immortality of the soul the grain

Which as it were remains dead for a time in the dark Earth only to rise one day dressed in a newer and Lovelier gar was supposed to symbolize the soul which after death frees itself from corruption to live again under a better and purer form when de instituted the uian

Mysteries selus and his family were the first to be initiated selius himself being appointed high priest his son tripus and his daughters who acted as priestesses assisted him in the duties of his sacred office the Mysteries were celebrated by the Athenians every 5 years and were for a long time their exclusive privilege

They took place by torch light and were conducted with the greatest solemnity in order to spread abroad the blessings which agriculture confers demita presented tryp tmus with her Chariot drawn by winged dragons and giving him some grains of corn desired him to Journey Through the world teaching mankind the Arts of Agriculture and

Husbandry DEA exercised great severity towards those who incurred her displeasure we find examples of this in the stories of stellio and areson stellio was a youth who ridiculed the goddess for the eagerness with which she was eating a bowl of porridge when weary and faint faint in the vain search

For her daughter resolved that he should never again have an opportunity of thus offending she angrily threw into his face the remainder of the food and changed him into a spotted lizard areson son of tripus had drawn upon himself the anger of Dema by cutting down Her Sacred Groves for which

She punished him with a constant and insatiable hunger he sold all his possessions in order to satisfy his cravings and was forced at last to devour his own limbs his daughter Metra who was devotedly attached to him possessed the power of transforming herself into a variety of different animals by this

Means she contrived to support her father who sold her again and again each time she assumed a different form and thus he dragged bagged on a pitiful existence series the Roman series is actually the Greek deit under another name her attributes worship festivals Etc being precisely identical the Romans

Were indebted to Sicily for this Divinity her worship having been introduced by the Greek colonists who settled there the Celia or festivals in honor of sarus commenced on the 12th of April and lasted several days Aphrodite Venus Aphrodite from afros seafoam and DIY issued the daughter of Zeus and a sen

Called dioni was the goddess of love and beauty dioni being a c nymph gave birth to her daughter beneath the waves but the child of the heaven inhabiting Zeus was forced to ascend from the ocean depths and mount to the snowcapped Summits of Olympus in order to breathe that ethereal and most refined

Atmosphere which pertains to the celestial Gods Aphrodite was the mother of AOS Cupid the god of love also of anaas the great Trojan hero and the head of that Greek colony which settled in in Italy and from which arose the city of Rome as a mother Aphrodite claims our Sympathy

For the tenderness she exhibits towards her children Homer tells us in his Iliad how when anaas was wounded in battle she came to his assistance regardless of personal danger and was herself severely wounded in attempting to save his life Aphrodite was tenderly attached to a lovely youth called Adonis whose

Exquisite beauty has become proverbial he was a motherless babe and Aphrodite taking pity on him placed him in a chest and entrusted him to the care of pipany who became so fond of the beautiful youth that she refused to part with him Zeus being appealed to by the

Rival Foster mothers decided that Adonis should spend four months of every year with pany for with Aphrodite whilst during the remaining four months he should be left to his own devices he became however so attached to Aphrodite that he voluntarily devoted to her the time at his own

Disposal Adonis was killed during the chase by a wild boar to the great grief of Aphrodite who bemoaned his loss so persistently that ades moved with pity permitted him to pass six months of every year with her whilst the remaining half of the year was spent by him in the

Lower World Aphrodite possessed a magic girdle the famous cestus which she frequently lent to unhappy maidens suffering from the pangs of unrequited love as it was endowed with the power of inspiring affection for the wearer whom it invested with every attribute of Grace Beauty and fascin ation her usual attendance are the

Charities or Graces eup froan AGA and theia who are represented undraped and intertwined in a loving Embrace in hezi od’s the ogyny she is supposed to belong to the more ancient divinities and whilst those of later date are represented as having descended one from another and all more more or

Less from Zeus aphrodite has a variously accounted for yet independent origin the most poetical version of her birth is that when Uranus was wounded by his son cronis his blood mingled with the foam of the sea whereupon the bubbling Waters at once assumed a Rosy tint and from their depths arose in all

The surpassing glory of her loveliness AF Fredy goddess of love and beauty shaking her long Fair Tresses the water drops rolled down into the beautiful seashell in which she stood and became transformed into pure glistening pearls wafted by the soft and bmy breezes she floated on to sthera and was

Then transported to the island of Cyprus lightly she stepped on Shore and under the gentle pressure of her delicate foot the dry and rigid sand became transformed into a verdant Meadow where every varied shade of color and every sweet odor Charmed the senses the whole island of Cyprus became clothed in

Virg and greeted this fairest of all created beings with a glad smile of friendly welcome here she was received by by the seasons who decked her with garments of immortal fabric encircling her Fair brow with a wreath of purest gold whilst from her ears depended costly rings and a

Glittering chain embraced her swanlike throat and now arraying all her panoply of her irresistible charms the nymphs escort her to the dazzling Halls of Olympus where she is received with ecstatic enthusiasm by the admiring gods and goddesses the gods all VI with each other in aspiring to the honor of her

Hand but her Fus became the envied possessor of this lovely being who however proved as faithless as she was beautiful and caused her husband much unhappiness owing to the preference she showed at various times for some of the other gods and also for Mortal men the celebrated Venus of Milo now in

The Lou is an Exquisite statue of this Divinity the head is beautifully formed the rich waves of hair descend on her rather low but broad forehead and are caught up gracefully in a small knot at the back of the head the expression of the face is most bewitching and bespeaks

The perfect joyousness of a happy nature combined with the Dignity of a goddess the drapery Falls in careless folds from the waist downwards and her whole attitude is the embodiment of all that is graceful and lovely in Womanhood she is of medium height and the form is perfect in its Symmetry and faultless

Proportions Aphrodite is also frequently represented in the act of confining her dripping locks in a knot whilst her attendant nips envelop her in a Gauzy Veil The Animals sacred to her were the dove Swan swallow and Sparrow her favorite plants were the Myrtle apple tree Rose and Poppy the worship of Aphrodite is

Supposed to have been introduced into Greece from Central Asia there is no doubt that she was originally identical with the famous estar the asht Toth of the Bible against whose idolatrous worship and Infamous rights the prophets of old hurled forth their Sublime and Powerful anathemas end of Section

Five Section six third Dynasty Olympian divinities feus Apollo feus Apollo the God of Light prophecy music poetry and the Arts and Sciences is by far the noblest conception within the whole range of Greek mythology and his worship which not only extended to all the states of

Greece but also to Asia Minor and to every Greek colony throughout the world stands out Out Among the most ancient and strongly marked features of Grecian history and exerted a more decided influence over the Greek Nation than that of any other diety not accepting Zeus himself Apollo was the son of Zeus and

Leto and was born beneath the shade of a palm tree which grew at the foot of Mount cynthus but on the barren and Rocky island of delos the the poet tells us that the Earth smiled when the young God first beheld the light of day and that

Delos became so proud and exalted at the honor thus conferred upon her that she covered herself with golden flowers swans surrounded the island and the Delian nymphs celebrated his birth with songs of Joy the unhappy Leto driven to delos by the Relentless persecutions of of Hera was not long permitted to enjoy her

Haven of Refuge being still tormented by her enemy the young mother was once more obliged to fly she therefore resigned the charge of her newborn babe to the goddess Themis who carefully wrapped the helpless infant in swaddling clothes and fed him with nectar and Ambrosia but he had no sooner partaken

Of the Heavenly food than to the amazement of the the goddess he burst asunder the bands which confined his infant Limbs and springing to his feet appeared before her as a full grown youth of divine strength and beauty he now demanded a liar and a bow declaring that henceforth he would announce to

Mankind the will of his father Zeus the golden liar said he shall be my friend the bent bow my delight and in oracles I will foretell the dark future with these words he ascended to Olympus where he was received with joyful acclamations into the Assembly of the celestial Gods who acknowledged him

As the most beautiful and glorious of all the sons of Zeus feus Apollo was the god of light in a two-fold signification first as representing the great orb of day which illumines the world and secondly as the Heavenly light which animates the soul of man he inherited His function as

Son God from helos with whom in later times he was so completely identified that the personality of the one became gradually merged in that of the other we accordingly find Helios frequently confounded with Apollo myths belonging to the former attributed to the latter and with some tribes the ionic for

Instance so complete is this identification that Apollo is called by them Helios Apollo as the Divinity whose power is developed in the broad light of day he brings joy and Delight to Nature and health and prosperity to Man by the fluence of his warm and gentle Rays he

Disperses the noxious Vapors of the night assists the grain to ripen and the flowers to bloom but although as god of the sun he is a lifegiving and life-preserving power who by his genial influence dispels the cold of winter he is at the same time The God Who by means of his

Fiercly darting Rays could spread disease and sent sudden death to men and animals and it is to this phase of his character that we must look for the explanation of his being considered in conjunction with his twin sister emus as Moon Goddess a Divinity of death the brother and sister share this function

Between them he taking man and she woman as her aim and those especially who died in the bloom of Youth or at an advanced agage were believed to have been killed by their gentle arrows but Apollo did not always send an easy death we see in The Iliad how when

Angry with the Greeks the god of the Silver Bow stroe Down from Olympus with his quiver full of death bringing darts and sent a raging pestilence into their camp for nine days he let fly his fatal arrows first on animals and then on men till the air became darkened with the

Smoke from the funeral PES in his character as God of Light fabis Apollo is the protecting diety of shepherds because it is he who warms the fields and meadows and gives Rich pastures to the flocks thereby gladdening the heart of the herdsmen as the temperate Heat Of The

Sun exercises so invigorating an effect on man and animals and promotes the growth of those medicinal herbs and vegetable Productions necessary for the Cure of diseases feus Apollo was supposed to possess the power of restoring life and health hence he was regarded as the god of healing but this

Feature in his character we shall find more particularly developed in his son aspius the veritable God Of The Healing Art pursuing our analysis of the various phases in the character of feibus Apollo we find that with the first beams of his genial light all nature awakens to

Renewed life and the woods re-echo with the jubilant sound of the untaught Lays wobbled by thousands of feathered Chesters hence by a natural inference he is the god of music and as according to the belief of the Ancients The Inspirations of Genius were in separately connected with

The Glorious Light Of Heaven he is also the god of poetry and acts as the special patron of the Arts and Sciences Apollo is himself the Heavenly musician among the Olympic Gods whose Banquets are gladdened by the wondrous strains which he produces from his favorite instrument the seventh strength

Liar in the cultist of Apollo Music formed a distinguishing feature all sacred dances and even the sacrifices in his honor were performed to the sound of musical instruments and it is in a great measure owing to the influence which the music in his worship exercised on the

Greek nation that Apollo came to be regarded as the leader of the nine Muses the legitimate divinities of poetry and song in this character he is called mustis and is always represented robed in a long flowing garment his liar to the tones of which he appears to be

Singing is suspended by a band across the chest his head is encircled by a wreath of Laurel and his long hair streaming down over his shoulders gives him a somewhat effeminate appearance and now we must view the Glorious God of Light under another and as far as regards his influence over the

Greek Nation a much more important aspect for in historical times all the other functions and attributes of Apollo sink into comparative insignificance before the great power which she exercised as God of Prophecy it is true that all Greek gods were endowed to a certain extent with the faculty of foretelling future events but

Apollo as son God was the concentration of all prophetic power as it was supposed that nothing escaped his allseeing eye which penetrated the most hidden recesses and laid bare the secrets which lay concealed behind the dark veil of the future we have seen that when Apollo

Assumed his Godlike form St he took his place Among The Immortals but he had not long enjoyed the rapturous Delights of Olympus before he felt within him an Ardent desire to fulfill his great mission of interpreting to mankind the will of his mighty father and accordingly descended to Earth and traveled through many

Countries seeking a fitting sight upon which to establish an oracle at length he reached the southern side of the Rocky Heights of Parnassus beneath which lay the harbor of Chrissa here under the overhanging cliff he found a secluded spot where from the most ancient times there had

Existed an Oracle in which GAA herself had revealed the future to man and which in duan’s time she had resigned to themus it was guarded by the huge serpent python the scor of the surrounding neighborhood and the terror alike of men and cattle the young God full of confidence in his uniring aim

Attacked and slew the monster with his arrows thus freeing land and people from their Mighty enemy The Grateful inhabitants anxious to do honor to their deliverer flocked around Apollo who proceeded to Mark out a plan for a temple and with the assistance of numbers of eager volunteers

A suitable edifice was soon erected it now became necessary to choose ministers who would offer up sacrifices interpret his prophecies to the people and take charge of the temple looking round he saw in the far distance a vessel bound from crate to the pelonis and determined to Avail himself

Of her crew for his service assuming the shape of an enormous dolphin he agitated the waters to such a degree that the ship was tossed violently to and fro to the great alarm of the Mariners at the same time he raised A Mighty Wind which drove the ship into the harbor of

Chrissa where she ran a ground the terrified sailors did not set foot on Shore but Apollo under the form of a vigorous youth stepped down to the vessel revealed himself in his true character and informed them that it was he who had driven them to Chrissa in

Order that they might become his priests to serve him in his Temple arrived at the sacred Fain he instructed them how to perform the services in his honor and desired them to worship him under the name of Apollo delphinius because he had first appeared to them under the form of a

Dolphin thus was established the far famed Oracle of dely the only institution of the kind which was not exclusively National for it was consulted by lydians frians rcans Romans andc and in fact was held in the highest repute all over the world in obedience to its decrees the

Laws of luris were introduced and the earliest Greek colonies founded no cities were built without first Consulting the delic Oracle for it was believed that Apollo took special delight in the founding of cities the first stone of which he laid in person nor was any Enterprise ever undertaken

Without inquiring at this sacred Fain as to its probable success but that which brought Apollo more closely home to the hearts of the people and raised the whole moral tone of the Greek nation was the belief gradually developed with the intelligence of the people that he was the god who accepted

Repentance as an atonement for sin who pardoned the contrite Sinner and who acted as the special protector of those who like orestes had committed a crime which required long years of experation Apollo is presented by The Poets as being eternally young his countenance glowing with joyous life is

The embodiment of immortal Beauty his eyes are of a deep blue his forehead low but Broad and intellectual his hair which falls over his shoulders in Long waving locks is of a golden or warm Chestnut Hue he is crowned with Laurel and wears a purple robe in his hand he

Bears his Silver Bow which is unbent when he smiles but ready for use when he menaces evildoers but Apollo the eternally beautiful youth the Perfection of all that is graceful and refined rarely seems to have been happy in his love either his advances met with a repulse

Or his Union with the object of his affection was attended with fatal consequences his first love was Daphne daughter of penus the river god who was so averse to marriage that she intreated her father to allow her to lead a life of celibacy and devote herself to the

Chase which she loved to the exclusion of all other Pursuits but one day soon after his victory over the python Apollo happened to see AOS bending his bow and proud of his own Superior strength and skill he laughed at the efforts of the little Archer saying that such a weapon was

More suited to the one who had just killed the terrible serpent AOS angrily replied that his Arrow should pierce the heart of the mocker himself and flying off to the summit of Mount pacus he drew from his quiver two darts of different workmanship one of gold which had the

Effect of inspiring love the other of lead which created aversion taking aim at Apollo he pierced his breast with the golden shaft whilst the lead on one he discharged into the bosom of the beautiful Daphne the son of Leto instantly felt the most Ardent affection for the nymph

Who on her part evanced the greatest dislike towards her Divine lover and at his approach fled from him like a hunted deer he called upon her in the most Dearing accents to stay but she still sped on until at length becoming faint with fatigue and fearing that she was

About to succumb she called upon the gods to come to her Aid hardly had she uttered her prayer before a heavy torpor seized her Limbs and just as Apollo threw out his arms to embrace her she became transformed into a laurel Bush he sorrowfully crowned his head

With its leaves and declared that in memory of his love it should henceforth remain ever green and beheld sacred to him he next sought the love of M pessa the daughter of aanus but though her father approved his suit the maiden preferred a youth named

Idis who contrived to carry her off in a winged Chariot which he had procured from Poseidon Apollo pursued the fugitives whom he quickly overtook and forcibly seizing the bride refused to resign her Zeus then interfered and declared that Messa herself must decide which of her lovers should claim her as his

Wife after due reflection she accepted Idis as her husband judiciously concluding that although the attractions of the Divine Apollo were Superior to those of her lover it would be wiser to unite herself to a mortal who growing old with herself would be less likely to forsake her when advancing years should

Rob her of her charms Cassandra daughter of Priam king of Troy was another object of the love of Apollo she feigned to return his affection and promised to marry him provided he would confer upon her the gift of Prophecy but having received the Boon she desired the treacherous Maiden

Refused to comply with the condition s upon which it had been granted incensed at her breach of Faith Apollo unable to recall the gift he had bestowed rendered it useless by causing her predictions to fail in obtaining credit Cassandra became famous in history for her prophetic Powers but her

Prophecies were never believed for instance she warned her brother Paris that if he brought back a wife from Greece he would cause the destruction of his father’s house and Kingdom she also warned the Trojans not to admit the wooden horse within the walls of the city and foretold to Agamemnon all the

Disasters which afterwards befell him Apollo afterwards married coronus a nymph of Lissa and thought himself happy in the possession of her faithful love but once more he was doomed to disappointment for one day his favorite bird the crow flew to him with the intell Ence that his wife had

Transferred her affections to a youth of hermonia Apollo burning with rage instantly destroyed her with one of his death bringing darts too late he repented of his rashness for she had been tenderly beloved by him and he would Fain have recalled her to life but although he exerted all his healing powers his

Efforts were in vain he punished the crow for its gulity by changing the color of its plumage from Pure White to intense black and forbade it to fly any longer among the other birds coronus left an infant son named asclepius who afterwards became God of medicine his powers were so

Extraordinary that he could not only cure the sick but could even restore the dead to life at last Adis complained to Zeus that the number of Shades conducted to his dominions was daily increasing and the great ruler of Olympus fearing that mankind thus protected against sickness and death would be able to defy

The gods themselves killed esclipus with one of his Thunderbolts the loss of his highly gifted son so exasperated Apollo that being unable to vent his anger on Zeus he destroyed the Cyclops who had forged the fatal Thunderbolts for this offense Apollo would have been banished by Zeus to

Tartarus but at the earnest intercession of Leto he partially relented and contented himself with depriving him of all power and dignity and imposing on him a temporary servitude in the house of admetus king of thessy Apollo Faithfully served his royal master for 9 years in the humble

Capacity of a shepherd and was treated by him with every kindness and consideration During the period of his service the king sought the hand of alestes the beautiful daughter of pelus son of Poseidon but her father declared that he would only resign her to The Suitor who should succeed in yoking a

Lion and a wild boar to his Chariot by the aid of his divine herdsmen admetus accomplished this difficult task and gained his bride nor was this the only favor which the king received from the exiled God for Apollo obtained from the fates the gift of immortality for his benefactor

On condition that when his last hour approached some member of his own family should be willing to die in his stead when the Fatal hour arrived an aditus felt that he he was at the point of death he implored his aged parents to yield to him their few remaining

Days but life is sweet even to old age and they both refused to make the sacrifice demanded of them Al cestus however who had secretly devoted herself to death for her husband was seized with IM mortal sickness which kept pace with his rapid recovery the devoted wife

Breathed her last in the arms of admetus and he had just consigned her to the tomb when Heracles chaned to come to the Palace admetus held the rights of hospitality so sacred that he at first kept Silence with regard to his great bereavement but as soon as his friend

Heard what had occurred he bravely descended into the tomb and when death came to claim his prey he exerted His Marvelous strength and held him in his arms until he promised to restore the beautiful and heroic Queen to the bosom of her family whilst pursuing the peaceful life

Of a Shepherd Apollo formed a strong friendship with two youths named hnus and sarasus but the great favor shown to them by the god did not suffice to Shield them from Misfortune the former was one day throwing the discus with Apollo when running too eagerly to take up the one

Throne by the God he was struck on the head with it and killed on the spot Apollo was overcome with grief at the sad end of his young favorite but being unable to restore him to life he changed him into the flower called after him the hent sarasus had

The Misfortune to kill by accident one of Apollo’s favorite Stags which so preed on his mind that he gradually pined away and died of a broken heart he was transformed by the god into a cypress tree which owes its name to this story after these sad occurrences Apollo

Quitted thessaly and repaired to friia in Asia Minor where he met Poseidon who like himself was in Exile and condemned to a temporary servitude on Earth the two Gods now enter the service of Leo Maiden king of Troy Apollo undertaking to tend his flocks and Poseidon to build the walls

Of the city but Apollo also contributed his assistance in the erection of those wonderful walls and by the aid of His Marvelous Musical Powers the labors of his fellow worker Poseidon were rendered so light and easy that his otherwise arduous task Advanced with astonishing cerity for as the Master Hand of the god

Of Music grasped the chords of his liar the huge blocks of stone moved of their own accord adjusting themselves with the utmost nicity into the places designed for them but though Apollo was so renowned in the art of Music there were two individuals who had the affron to

Consider themselves equal to him in in this respect and accordingly each challenged him to compete with them in a musical contest these were marcius and pan marcius was a satire who having picked up the flute which AE had thrown away in disgust discovered to his great delight and

Astonishment that in consequence of its having touched the lips of a goddess it played of itself self in a most Charming manner marcius who was a great lover of music and much beloved on this account by all the elfike denisons of the woods and Glenn was so intoxicated with joy at

This discovery that he foolishly challenged Apollo to compete with him in a musical contest the challenge being accepted the muses were chosen umpires and it was decided that the unsuccessful cand did it should suffer the punishment of being flayed alive for a long time the merits of both claimants remain so equally

Balanced that it was impossible to award the palm of Victory to either seeing which Apollo resolved to conquer added The Sweet Tones of his melodious voice to the strains of his liar and this at once turned the scale in his favor the unhappy marus being defeated had to

Undergo the terrible penalty and his untimely fate was universally lamented indeed the satires and dads his companions wept so incessant at his fate that their tears uniting together formed a river in friia which is still known by the name of marcius the result of the contest with

Pan was by no means of so serious a character the god of Shepherds having affirmed that he could play more skillfully on his flute of seven reads the synx or panzas pipe than Apollo on his world-renowned liar a contest ensued in which Apollo was pronounced the Victor by all the judges

Appointed to decide between the Rival candidates Midas king of Fria alone demurred at this decision having the bad taste to prefer the UNC tones of the panza’s pipe to the refined Melodies of Apollo’s liar incensed at the obstinacy and stupidity of the fian king Apollo punished him by giving him the ears of

An ass Midas horrified at being thus disfigured determined to hide his disgrace from his subjects by means of a cap his Barber however could not be kept in ignorance of the fact and was therefore bribed with Rich gifts never to reveal it finding however that he

Could not keep the secret any longer he dug a hole in the ground into which he whispered it then closing up the aperture he returned home feeling greatly relieved at having thus eased his mind of its burden but after all this very humiliating secret was revealed to the world for some reads

Which sprung up from the spot murmured incessantly as they waved to and fro in the wind King Midas has the ears of an ass in the sad and beautiful story of naobi daughter of Tantalus and wife of Aon King of Thieves we have another instance of the severe punishments meted

Out by Apollo to those who in any way incurred his displeasure now iobi was the proud mother of seven sons and seven daughters and exalting in the number of her children she upon one occasion ridiculed the worship of Leto because she had but one son and daughter and

Desired the thebans for the future to give to her the honors and sacrifices which they had here there too offered to the mother of Apollo and aramus the sacrilegious words had scarcely passed her lips before Apollo called upon his sister emus to assist him in avenging the insult offered to their mother and

Soon their invisible arrows sped through the air Apollo slew all the sons and emus having already slain all the daughters save one the youngest and best beloved whom naobi clasped in her arms when the agonized mother implored the enraged dietes to leave her at least one out of all her beautiful

Children but even as she prayed the deadly Arrow reached the heart of this child also meanwhile the unhappy father unable to Bear the loss of his children had destroyed himself and his dead body lay beside the lifeless corpse of his favorite son widowed and childless the heartbroken mother sat among her dead

And the the Gods in pity for her unutterable woe turned her into a stone which they transferred to syphilis her native frian Mountain where it still continues to shed tears the punishment of naobi forms the subject of a magnificent marble Group which was found at Rome in the year

1553 and is now in the gallery of EIT at Florence the renowned singer orus was the son of Apollo an copi The Muse of epic poetry and as might be expected with parents so highly gifted was endowed with most distinguished intellectual qualifications he was a poet a teacher

Of the religious doctrines known as the oric Mysteries and a great musician having inherited from his father mother an extraordinary genius for music when he sang to The Sweet Tones of his liar he Charmed all nature and summoned around him the wild beasts of the forests who under the influence of

His music became tame and gentle as Lambs the madly rushing torret stopped their rapid course and the Very mountains and trees moved from their place Es at the sound of his entrancing Melodies orus became United with to a lovely nymph named uicy the daughter of the sea god narus whom he fondly loved

She was no less attached to him and their married life was full of joy and happiness but it was only short-lived for aisus the half brother of orus having fallen in love with the Beautiful uicy forcibly endeavored to take her from her husband and as she fled across some fields to elude his

Pursuit she was spitten on the foot by a venomous snake which lay concealed in the long grass uicy died of the wound and her Sorrowing husband filled the Groves and valleys with his pous and unceasing Lamentations his Longing To behold her once more became came at last so unconquerable that he determined to

Brave the horrors of the lower World in order to entreat ades to restore to him his beloved wife armed only with his golden liar the gift of Apollo he descended into the gloomy depths of Hades where his Heavenly music arrested for a while the torments of the unhappy

Sufferers the stone of Copus remained Motionless Tantalus forgot his Perpetual thirst the wheel of iion ceased to revolve and even the furies shed tears and withheld for a time their persecutions undismayed at the scenes of horror and suffering which met his view on every side he pursued his way until

He arrived at the palace of ades presenting himself Before the Throne on which sat the stony-hearted king and his consort pany orus recounted his woes to the sound of his liar moved to pity by his sweet strains they listened to his Melancholy story and consented to release idy on condition that he should

Not look upon her until they reached the upper World orus gladly promised to comply with this injunction and followed by uicy ascended the Steep and gloomy path which led to the Realms of life and light all went well until he was just about to pass the extreme limits of

Hades when forgetting for the moment the hard condition he turned to convince himself that his beloved wife was really behind him the glance was fatal and destroyed all his hopes of happiness for as he yearningly stretched out his arms to embrace her she was caught back and vanished from his sight

Forever the grief of orus at this second loss was even more intense than before and he now avoided all human society in vain did the nymphs his once chosen companions endeavored to win him back to his accustomed haunts their power to charm was gone and music was now his sole

Consolation he wandered forth alone choosing the wildest and most secluded paths and the hills and veils resounded with his pathetic Melodies at last he happened to cross the path of some thran women who were performing The Wild rights of dionis bakus and in their mad Fury at his

Refusing to join them they furiously attacked him and tore him in pieces in pity for his unhappy fate the muses collected his remains which they buried at the foot of Mount Olympus and the Nightingale wobbled a funeral durge over his grave his head was thrown into the river hebrus and as

It floated down the stream the lips still continued to murmur the Beloved name of uicy the Chiefs seat of the worship of Apollo was at dely and here was the most magnificent of all his temples the foundation of which reaches far beyond all historical knowledge and which contained immense riches the offerings

Of kings and private persons who had received favorable replies from the Oracle the Greeks believed Deli to be the central point of the Earth because two Eagles sent forth by Zeus one from the East the other from the West Was said to have arrived here at the same

Moment the python Games celebrated in honor of the victory of Apollo over the python took place at dely every four years at the first celebration of these games gods goddesses and Heroes contended for the prizes which were at first of gold or silver but consisted in later times of simple Laurel

Wreaths on account of its being the place of his birth the whole island of delos was consecrated to Apollo where he was worshiped with great solemnity the greatest care was taken to preserve the sanctity of the spot for which reason no one was suffered to be buried there at the foot of Mount

Cynthus was a splendid temp Temple of Apollo which possessed an Oracle and was enriched with magnificent offerings from all parts of Greece even foreign Nations held this island sacred for when the Persians passed it on their way to attack Greece they not only sailed by leaving it uninjured but sent Rich

Presents to the temple games called Delia instituted by thesis were celebrated at at delos every 4 years a festival termed the jyn opedia was held at Sparta in honor of Apollo in which boys sang the Praises of the Gods and of the 300 lacedemonians who fell at the Battle of the

Mopo wolves and Hawks were sacrificed to Apollo and the birds sacred to him were the hawk Raven and Swan end of section six section seven third Dynasty Olympian divinities hecy and seleni hecy hecy would appear to have been originally a moon goddess woried by the thians she became confounded and

Eventually identified with selini and pany and is one of those divinities of whom the Ancients had various conflicting accounts hecy was the daughter of Peres and gold wathed asria The Starry Night and her sway extended over Earth Heaven and Hell for which reason she is represented in works of art as a triple

Divinity having three female bodies all young and beautiful and United together in later times when this Divinity becomes identified with pany she is supposed to inhabit the lower world as a malignant diety and henceforward it is the gloomy or inspiring side of her character which alone develops itself

She now presides over all practices connected with witchcraft and enchantments haunts seules and the point where two roads cross and lonely spots where murders have been committed she was supposed to be connected with the appearance of ghosts and specters to possess unlimited influence over the powers of the lower

World and to be able to lay to rest unearthly apparitions by her magic spells and incantations hecy appears as a gigantic woman bearing a torch and a sword her feet and hair are formed of snakes and her passage is accompanied by Voices of Thunder weird shrieks and yells and a

Deep baing and Howling of dogs her favor was propitiated by offerings and sacrifices principally consisting of black Lambs her festivals were celebrated at Night by torch light when these animals were offered to her accompanied by many peculiar ceremonies these ceremonies were carried out with the minutest attention to

Details as it was believed that the emission of the slightest particular would afford to her ministers the evil spirits of the lower world who hovered round the worshippers an opportunity for entering among them and exerting their banful influence at the end of every month food was placed wherever two roads met in

Readiness for her and other malignant divinities in studying The Peculiar characteristics which hecky assumes when she usurps the place of pany the rightful Mistress of the lower world we are reminded of the various superstitions with regard to specters Witchcraft Etc which have even down to our own times exerted so powerful and

Influence over the minds of the ignorant and which would appear to owe their origin to a remote Pagan Source selini Luna just as helos personified the Sun so his sister seleni represented the moon and was supposed to drive her Chariot across the sky whilst her brother was reposing after the toils of the

Day when the shades of evening began to unfold the Earth the two milk white steeds of seleni rose out of the mysterious depths of Oceanus seated in a silvery Chariot and accompanied by her daughter HSE the goddess of the Jew appeared the mild and gentle Queen of the Night with a cresant

On her Fair brow a Gauzy Veil flowing behind and a lighted torch in her hand Selen greatly admired a beautiful young Shepherd named emian to whom Zeus had a orded the privilege of Eternal youth combined with the faculty of sleeping whenever he desired and as long as he

Wished seeing this lovely youth fast asleep on Mount latmus seleni was so struck with his beauty that she came down every night from Heaven to watch over and protect him end of section 7 section 8 third Dynasty Olympian divinity emus emus Diana emus was woried by the Greeks

Under various appellations To Each of which belonged special characteristics thus she is known as the Acadian Ephesian and bonian Artemis and also as Seline emus and in order fully to comprehend the worship of this Divinity we must consider her under each as aspect aradian emis the aradian emus the real artmus of

The Greeks was the daughter of Zeus and Leto and twin sister of Apollo she was the goddess of hunting and Chastity and having obtained from her father permission to lead a life of celibacy she ever remained a maiden Divinity emus is the feminine counterpart of her brother the Glorious God of Light

And like him though she deals out destruction and sudden death to men and animals she is also able to alleviate suffering and cure diseases like Apollo also she is skilled in the use of the bow but in a far more eminent degree for in the character of

Emus who devoted herself to the Chase and passion at ardor this becomes an all distinguishing feature armed with her bow and quiver and attended by her train of huntresses who were nymphs of the woods and springs she roamed over the mountains in pursuit of her favorite exercise destroying in

Her course the wild animals of the forest when the chase was ended emus and her maidens loved to assemble in a shady grove or on the banks of a favorite stream where they joined in The Merry Song or graceful dance and made the hills ReSound with their joyous

Shouts as the type of Purity and Chastity emus was especially venerated by Young maidens who before marrying sacrificed their hair to her she was also the patroness of those vowed to celibacy and punish severely any infringement of their obligation the huntress goddess is represented as being a head taller than

Her attendant nips and always appears as a youthful and slender Maiden her features are beautiful but wanting in gentleness of expression her hair is gathered negligently into a knot at the back of her well-shaped head and her figure though somewhat masculine is most graceful in its attitude and

Proportions the short robe she wears leaves her limbs free for the exercise of her chase her Devotion to which is indicated by the quiver which is slung over her shoulder and and the bow which she bears in her hand there are many famous statues of this Divinity but the most celebrated is

That known as the Diana of VES now in the Lou which forms a not unworthy companion to the Apollo Belva of the Vatican in this statue the goddess appears in the act of rescuing a hunted deer from its pursuers on whom she is turning with angry man

One hand is laid protectingly on the head of the Stag whilst with the other she draws an arrow from the quiver which hangs over her shoulder her attributes are the bow quiver and spear the animal sacred to her are the hind dog bear and wild boar emus promptly resented any disregard or

Neglect of her worship a remarkable instance of this is shown in the story of the C ionian B Hunt which is as follows enas king of Caledonian aalia had incurred the displeasure of emis by neglecting to include her in a general sacrifice to the gods which she had

Offered up out of gratitude for a boun full harvest the goddess enraged at this neglect sent a wild boar of extraordinary size and prodigious strength which destroyed the sprouting grain laid waste the fields and threatened the inhabitants with with famine and death at this juncture melaga

The brave son of enas returned from the argonautic Expedition and finding his country ravaged by this Dreadful scorge intreated the assistance of all the celebrated Heroes of the age to join him in hunting the Ferocious monster among the most famous of those who responded to his call were Jason

Castor pox Idis Linus pelus telmon edmus perthus and Theus the brothers of AIA wife of enus joined the hunters and Melia also enlisted into his service the fleet footed Huntress Atlanta the father of this Maiden was skus and aradian who disappointed at the birth of a daughter when he had

Particularly desired a son had had exposed her on the paronian hill where he left her to perish here she was nursed by a she bear and at last found by some Hunters who reared her and gave her the name of Atlanta as the maiden grew up she became

An Ardent lover of the Chase and was alike distinguished for her beauty and courage though often woed she led a life of strict celibacy an oracle having predicted that inev able Misfortune awaited her should she give herself in marriage to any of her numerous suitors many of the heroes objected to

Hunt in company with a maiden but maler who loved Atlanta overcame their opposition and the Valiant band set out on their expedition Atlanta was the first to wound the ball with her spear but not before two of the heroes had met their death from his Fierce tusks after a long

And desperate encounter meager succeeded in killing the monster and presented the head and hide to Atlanta as trophies of the victory the uncles of meleager however forcibly took the hide from the maiden claiming their right to the spoil as next of kin if Melia resigned it Artemus whose anger was still unappeased

Caused a violent quarrel to arise between uncles and nephew and in the struggle which ensued meler killed his mother’s brothers and then restored the hide to Atlanta when Alia beheld the dead bodies of the slain Heroes her grief and anger knew no bounds she swore to Revenge the

Death of her brothers and her own son and unfortunately for him the instrument of Vengeance lay ready to her hand at the birth of milaga the Moy or Fates entered the house of enas and pointing to a piece of wood then burning on the halfth declared that

As soon as it was consumed the babe would surely die on hearing this Alia seized a brand laid it up carefully in a chest and henceforth preserved it as her most precious possession but now love for her son giving place to the resentment she against the murderer of her brothers she

Threw the Fatal brand into the devouring Flames as it consumed the Vigor of Mia wasted away and when it was reduced to ashes he expired repenting too late the terrible effects of her rash deed Alia in remorse and despair took away her own life the news of the courage and the intrepidity

Displayed by Atlanta in the face famous ball hunt being carried to the ears of her father caused him to acknowledge his long lost child urged by him to choose one of her numerous suitors she consented to do so but made it a condition that he alone who could

Outstrip her in a race should become her husband whilst those she defeated should be put to death by her with the Lance which she bore in her hand thus many suitors had perished for the maiden was unequaled for swiftness of foot but at last a beautiful youth named

Hipomenes who had vainly endeavored to win her love by his assiduous attentions in the chase ventured to enter the Fatal lists knowing that only by strategy could he hope to be successful he obtained by the help of Aphrodite three golden apples from the garden of the Hesperides which he threw down at at

Intervals during his course Atlanta secure of Victory stooped to pick up the tempting fruit and in the meantime homines arrived at the goal he became the husband of the lovely Atlanta but forgot in his newly found happiness the Gratitude which he owed to Aphrodite and the goddess withdrew her favor from the

Peir not long after the prediction which foretold Misfortune to Atlanta in the event of her marriage was verified for she and her husband having strayed unsanctioned into a sacred grove of Zeus were both transformed into Lions the trophies of the ever memorable B Hunt had been carried by Atlanta into Arcadia

And for many centuries the identical hide and enormous tusks of the Caledonian bore hung in the temple of Athen at TOA the tusks were afterwards conveyed to Rome and shown there among other Curiosities a forcible instance of the manner in which Artemus resented any intrusion on her retirement is seen in

The Fate which befell the famous Hunter acon who happening one day to see emus and her attendance bathing imprudently ventured to approach the spot the goddess incensed at his audacity sprinkled him with water and transformed him into a stag whereupon he was torn in pieces and devoured by his own dogs Ephesian

Emus the Ephesian emis known to us as Diana of the Ephesians was a very ancient Asiatic Divinity of Persian origin called Metra whose worship the Greek colonists found already is established when they first settled in Asia Minor and whom they identified with their own Greek emus though she really

Possessed but one single attribute in common with their home diety Metra was a two-fold Divinity and represented in one phase of her character all pervading love in the other she was the light of heaven and as Artemus in her character as Seline was the only Greek female Divinity who

Represented Celestial light the Greek settlers according to their custom of fusing foreign deities into their own seized at once upon this point of resemblance and decided that Metra should henceforth be regarded as identical with Artemus in her character as the love which pervades all nature and penetrates everywhere they believed

Her also to be present in the mysterious realm of shade where she exercised her benign sway replacing to a certain extent that ancient Divinity hecy and partly usurping also the place of pany as Mistress of the lower World thus they believed that it was she who permitted

The spirits of The Departed to revisit the Earth in order to communicate with those they loved and to give them timely warning of coming evil in fact this Great Mighty and omnipresent Power of Love as embodied in the Ephesian emus was believed by the great thinkers of old to be the ruling

Spirit of the universe and it was to her influence that all the mysterious and beneficient workings of nature were ascribed there was a magnificent Temple erected to this Divinity at Ephesus a city of Asia Minor which was ranked among the seven wonders of the world and was unequaled in Beauty and

Grandeur the interior of this edifice was adorned with statues and paintings and contained 127 columns 60 ft in height each column having been placed there by a different King the wealth deposited in this Temple was enormous and the goddess was here worshiped with particular awe and city in the interior of the edifice

Stood a statue of her formed of ebony with lions on her arms and turrets on her head whilst a number of breasts indicated the fruitfulness of the earth and of nature Tesson was the principal architect of this world-renowned structure which however was not entirely complete completed till

220 years after the foundation stone was laid but the labor of centuries was destroyed in a single night for a man called herostratus seized with the insane desire of making his name famous to all succeeding Generations set fire to it and completely destroyed it so great was the indignation and sorrow of

The Ephesians At This calamity that they enacted a law forbidding the incendiaries name to be mentioned thereby however defeating their own object for thus the name of herostratus has been handed down to posterity and will live as long as the memory of the famous temple of Ephesus bonian

Emus in ancient times the country which we now call the Crimea was known by the name of the TOA cesis it was colonized by Greek settlers who finding that the cyan inhabitants had a native Divinity somewhat resembling their own artmus identified her with the huntress goddess of the

Mother country the worship of this tor in Artemis was attended with the most barbarous practices for in accordance with the law which she had enacted all strangers where the male or female Landing or Shipwrecked on her Shores were sacrificed upon her altars it is supposed that this decree was issued by

The tan goddess of Chastity to protect the purity of her followers by keeping them apart from foreign influences the interesting story of epag Genia a priestess in the temple of emus at Taurus forms the subject of one of shila’s most beautiful plays the circumstances occurred at the the

Commencement of the Trojan War and are as follows the fleet collected by the Greeks for the siege of Troy had assembled at orus in boaa and was about to set sail when Agamemnon the Commander in Chief had The Misfortune to kill accidentally a stag which was Grazing In A Grove sacred to

Emus the offended goddess sent continuous calms that delayed the departure of the the fleet and calcas the soothsayer who had accompanied the Expedition declared that nothing less than the sacrifice of agamemnon’s favorite daughter epag Genia would appease the wroth of the Goddess at these words the heroic heart of the

Brave leader sank within him and he declared that rather than consent to so fearful an alternative he would give up his share of the Expedition and return to Argos in this dilemma odyusa a council to discuss the matter and after much deliberation it was decided that private feeling must yield

To the welfare of the state for a long time the unhappy Agamemnon turned a deaf ear to their arguments but at last they succeeded in persuading him that it was his duty to make the sacrifice he accordingly dispatched a messenger to his wife clim nestra begging her to send Eugenia to

Him alleging as a pretext that the Great Hero Achilles desired to make her his wife rejoicing at the brilliant Destiny which awaited her beautiful daughter the fond mother at once obeyed the command and sent her to Aus when the maiden arrived at her destination Anne discovered to her

Horror the Dreadful fate which await waited her she threw herself in an Agony of grief at her father’s feet and with sobs and tears intreated him to have mercy on her and to spare her young life but alas her Doom was sealed and her now repentant and heartbroken father was

Powerless to avert it the unfortunate victim was bound to The Altar and already the Fatal knife was raised to deal the death blow when suddenly eph Genia disappeared from View and in her place on the altar lay a beautiful deer ready to be sacrificed it was emus herself who

Pitying the youth and beauty of her victim caused her to be conveyed in a cloud to TOA where she became one of her priestesses and entrusted with the charge of her Temple a dignity however which necessitated the offering of those human sacrifices presented to emus many years passed away during which

Time the long and wearisome Siege of Troy had come to an end and the brave aramemnon had returned home to meet death at the hands of his wife and eus this but his daughter Eugenia was still in Exile from her native country and continued to perform the terrible duties

Which her office involved she had given up all hopes of ever being restored to her friends when one day two Greek strangers landed on toa’s inhospitable shores these were arestes and pades whose romantic attachment to each other has made their names synonymous for devoted self-sacrificing friendship arestes was eugenia’s brother

And pades her cousin and their object in undertaking an expedition from brought with so much Peril was to obtain the statue of the Toran emus arestes having incurred the anger of the furies for avenging the murder of his father Agamemnon was pursued by them wherever

He went until at last he was informed by the Oracle of dely that in order to pacify them he must convey the image of the Toran emis from Taurus to ateka this he had once resolved to do an accompanied by his faithful friend pades who insisted on sharing the dangers of

The undertaking he set out for TOA but the unfortunate youths had hardly stepped on Shore before they were seized by the natives who as usual conveyed them for sacrifice to the Temple of emus epag Genia discovering that they were Greeks though unaware of their near relationship to herself thought the

Opportunity a favorable one for sending Tidings of her existence to her native country and accordingly requested one of the strangers to be the bearer of a letter from her to her family a magnanimous dispute now arose between the friends and each besought the other to accept the precious privilege of life

And freedom pades at length overcome by the Urgent in treaties of areses agreed to be the bearer of the missive but on looking more closely at the superscription he observed to his intense surprise that it was addressed to arestes here upon an explanation followed the brother and sister recognized each other amid joyful

Tears and loving Embraces and assisted by her friends and Kinsmen Eugenia escaped with them from a country where she had spent so many unhappy days and witnessed so many scenes of horror and anguish The Fugitive Ives having contrived to obtain the image of the tan emis carried it with them to Bron in

Ateka this Divinity was henceforth known as the bonian emis and the rights which had rendered her worship so Infamous in TOA were now introduced into Greece and human victims bled freely under the sacrificial knife both in Athens and Sparta the revolting practice of offering human sacrifices to her was

Continued until the time of lerus the great Spartan lawgiver who put an end to it by substituting in its place one which was hardly less barbarous namely the scoring of youths who were whipped on the altars of the bonian emis in the most cruel manner sometimes indeed they

Expired under the Lash in which case their mothers far from lamenting their fate are said to have rejoiced considering this an honorable death for their sons seleni emus here there too we have seen emus only in the various phases of her terrestrial character but just as her brother Apollo Drew into himself by

Degrees the attributes of that more ancient Divinity Helios the sun god so in like manner she came to be identified in later times with selini the moon goddess in which character she is always represented as wearing on her forehead a glittering cresant whilst a flowing veil bespangled with stars reaches to her

Feet and a long robe completely envelops her end of Section 8 section nine third Dynasty Olympian divinities hephestus and Poseidon hephestus Vulcan hephestus the son of Zeus and Hera was the god of fire in its beneficial aspect and the presiding diety over all workmanship accomplished by means of this useful

Element He was universally honored not only as the God of all mechanical Arts but also as a house and hearth Divinity who exercised a beneficial influence on civilized society in general unlike the other Greek divinities he was ugly and deformed being awkward in his movements and limping in his gate this latter

Defect originated as we have already seen in the wroth of his father Zeus who hurled him down from heaven in consequence of his taking the part of Hera in one of the domestic disagreements which so frequently arose between this Royal peir hephestus was a whole day falling

From Olympus to to the Earth where he at length alighted on the island of lemnos the inhabitants of the country seeing him descending through the air received him in their arms but in spite of their care his leg was broken by the fall and he remained ever afterwards lame in one

Foot grateful for the kindness of the lemnian he henceforth took up his Abode on their Island and there built for himself a superb Palace and forges for the pursuit of his a vacation he instructed the people how to work in metals and also taught them other

Valuable and useful Arts it is said that the first work of hephestus was a most ingenious Throne of gold with secret Springs which he presented to Hera it was arranged in such a manner that once seated she found herself unable to move and though all the gods endeavored to

Extricate her their efforts were unavailing aestus thus revenged himself on his mother for the cruelty she had always displayed towards him on account of his want of comeliness and Grace dius the wine God contrived however to intoxicate her Festus and then induced him to return to Olympus where after

Having released the Queen of Heaven from her very undignified position he became reconciled to his parents he now built for himself a glorious Palace on Olympus of shining gold and made for the other dieties those magnificent edifices which they inhabited he was assisted in his various and exquisitely skillful works of art by

Two female statues of pure gold formed by his own hand which possessed the power of motion and always accompanied him wherever he went with the assistance of the Cyclops he forged for Zeus his wonderful Thunderbolts thus investing his mighty father with with a new power of terrible import Zeus testified his

Appreciation of this precious gift by bestowing upon her Festus the beautiful Aphrodite in marriage but this was a questionable Boon for the lovely Aphrodite who was the personification of all grace and beauty felt no affection for her ungainly and unattractive spouse and amused herself by ridiculing his awkward movements and unsightly

Person on one occasion especially when hephestus good naturely took upon himself the office of cupbearer to the gods his hbling gate and extreme awkwardness created the greatest mirth among the celestials in which his disloyal partner was the first to join with unconcealed mert Aphrodite greatly preferred Aries to her husband and this preference

Naturally gave rise to much Jealousy on the part of of hephestus and caused them great unhappiness hephestus appears to have been an indispensable member of the Olympic assembly where he plays the part of Smith armorer Chariot builer Etc as already mentioned he constructed the Palaces where the gods resided

Fashioned the golden shoes with which they trod the air or water built for them their wonderful chariots and shod with brass the horses of celestial breed which conveyed these glittering equipages over land and sea he also made the tripods which moved of themselves in and out of the celestial Halls formed

For Zeus the far famed Aus and erected the Magnificent Palace of the sun he also created the bronze footed Bulls of 80s which breathed Flames from their nostrils sent forth clouds of smoke and filled the air with their roaring among his most renowned works of art for

The use of Mortals were the armor of Achilles and enas the Beautiful necklace of harmonia and the crown of radney but his Masterpiece was Pandora of whom a detailed account has already been given there was a temple on Mount Etna erected in his honor which none but the pure and

Virtuous were permitted to enter the entrance to this Temple was guarded by dogs which Poss possess the extraordinary faculty of being able to discriminate between the righteous and the unrighteous foring upon and caressing the good whilst they rushed upon all evildoers and drove them away aestus is usually represented as a

Powerful brwy and very muscular man of middle height and mature age his strong uplifted arm is raised in the act of striking the Anvil with a hammer which he holds in one hand whilst with the other he is turning a thunderbolt which an eagle beside him is waiting to carry to

Zeus the principal seat of his worship was the island of lemnos where he was regarded with peculiar veneration Poseidon Neptune Poseidon was the son of Kronos and Rea and the brother of Zeus he was god of the sea more particularly of the Mediterranean and like the element over

Which he presided was of a variable disposition now violently agitated and now calm and Placid for which reason he sometimes represented by The Poets as quiet and composed and at others as Disturbed and angry in the earliest ages of Greek mythology he merely symbolized the watery element but in later times as

Navigation and intercourse with other nations engendered greater traffic by sea Poseidon gained in importance and came to be regarded as a distinct Divinity holding indisputable dominion over the sea and over all divinities who acknowledged him as their Sovereign ruler he possessed the power of causing it will Mighty and destructive tempests

In which the Billows rise mountains High and the wind becomes a hurricane Land and Sea being enveloped in thick Mists whilst destruction assails the unfortunate Mariners exposed to their fury on the other hand his alone was the power of stealing the angry waves of soothing the Troubled Waters and granting safe Voyage to

Mariners for this reason Poseidon was always invoked and propitiated by a libation before a voyage was undertaken and sacrifices and thanksgivings were gratefully offered to him after a safe and prosperous journey by sea the symbol of his power was the fisherman’s fork or Trident by means of which he produced

Earthquakes raised up Islands from the Bottom of the Sea and caused whales to Spring forth out of the earth Poseidon was essentially a presiding diety over fishermen and was on that account more particularly worshipped and revered in countries bordering on the Sea Coast where fish naturally formed a stable

Commodity of trade he was supposed to vent his displeasure by sending disastrous inundations which completely destroyed whole countries and were usually accompanied by terrible Marine monsters who swallowed up and devoured Those whom the floods had spared it is probable that these sea monsters are the poetical figures which represent the

Demons of hunger and famine necessarily accompanying a general inundation Poseidon is generally represented as resembling his brother Zeus in features height and general aspect but we miss in the countenance of the sea god the kindness and benignity which so pleasingly distinguish his mighty brother the eyes are bright and

Piercing and the Contour of the face somewhat sharper in its outline than that of Zeus thus corresponding as it were with his more angry and violent nature his hair waves in dark disorderly masses over his shoulders his chest is Broad and his frame powerful and stalwart he wears a short curling beard

And a band round his head he usually appears standing erect in a graceful shell Chariot drawn by hippoc camps or seahorses with golden mes and Brazen hoofs who bound over the dancing waves with such wonderful swiftness that the Chariot scarcely touches the water the monsters of the deep acknowledging their Mighty Lord

Gamble playfully around him whilst the sea joyfully Smooths a path for the passage of its all powerful ruler he inhabited a beautiful palace at the bottom of the sea at Agia in yua and also possessed a royal residence on Mount Limpus which however he only visited when his presence was required

At the Council of the gods his wonderful Palace beneath the waters was of vast extent in its lofty and capacious Halls thousands of his followers could assemble the exterior of the building was of bright gold which the continual wash of the waters preserved untarnished in the interior lofty and graceful

Columns supported the gleaming Dome everywhere Fountains of glistening silvery water PL BL everywhere Groves and Arbors of feathery leaved sea plants appeared whilst rocks of pure Crystal glistened with all the varied colors of the rainbow some of the paths were strewn with white sparkling sand interspersed with jewels pearls and

Amber this delightful Abode was surrounded on all sides by wide Fields where there were whole Groves of dark purple Coraline and toughs of beautiful Scarlet leaved plants and seea anemones of every tint here grew bright pink seaweeds mosses of all Hues and shades and tall grasses which growing upwards formed

Emerald caves and grottos such as the narad love whilst fish of various kinds playfully darted in and out in the full enjoyment of their native element nor was illumination wanting in this Fairy like region which at night was lit up by the gloworms of the deep but although Poseidon ruled with

Absolute power over the ocean and its inhabitants he nevertheless bowed submissively to the will of the great ruler of Olympus and appeared at all times desirous of conciliating him we find him coming to his Aid when emergency demanded and frequently rendering him valuable assistance against his opponents at the time when Zeus was

Harassed by the attacks of the Giants he proved himself a most powerful Ally engaging in single combat with a hideous giant named Pootis whom he followed Over the Sea and at last succeeded in destroying by hurling upon him the island of C these amicable relation s between the brothers were however sometimes

Interrupted thus for instance upon one occasion Poseidon joined Hera and athe in a secret conspiracy to seize upon the ruler of Heaven Place him in Fetters and deprive him of The Sovereign power the conspiracy being discovered Hera as the chief instigator of this sacrilegious attempt on the Divine person of Zeus was

Severely chastised and even beaten by her enraged spouse as a punishment for her rebellion and treachery whilst Poseidon was condemned for the space of a whole year to forgo his dominion over the sea and it was at this time that in conjunction with Apollo he built for leamen the walls of

Troy Poseidon married a cph named aetr whom he woed under the form of a dolphin she afterwards became jealous of a beautiful Maiden called Sila who was beloved by posidon and in order to Revenge herself she threw some herbs into a well where Sila was bathing which had the effect of metamorphosing her

Into a monster of terrible aspect having 12 feet six heads and six long necks and a voice which resembled the bark of a dog this awful monster is said to have inhabited a cave at a very great height in the famous rock which still Bears her

Name and was supposed to swoop down from her Rocky Eminence upon every ship that passed and with each of her six heads to secure a victim aetr is often represented assisting Poseidon in attaching the seahorses to his Chariot the Cyclops who have been already alluded to in the

History of cronis were the sons of Poseidon and otri they were a wild race of gigantic growth similar in their nature to the earthborn Giants and had only one eye each in the middle of their foreheads they led a lawless life possessing neither social manners nor

Fear of the Gods and were the workmen of hephestus whose Workshop was supposed to be in the heart of the volcanic Mountain Etna here we have another striking instance of the manner in which the Greeks personified the powers of nature which they saw in active operation around them they beheld with awe mingled

With astonishment the fire stones and Ashes which poured forth from the summit of this and other volcanic mountains and with their vivacity of imagination found a solution of the mystery in the supposition that the god of fire fire must be busy at work with his men in the

Depths of the earth and that the mighty Flames which they beheld issued in this manner from his Subterranean Forge the chief representative of the Cyclops was the man eating monster polyphemus described by Homer as having been blinded and outwitted At Last by Odysseus this monster fell in love with

A beautiful nymph called galetea but as may be supposed his addresses were not acceptable to the fair Maiden who rejected them in favor of a youth named ases upon which polyus with his usual barbarity destroyed the life of his rival by throwing upon him a gigantic Rock the blood of the murdered ases

Gushing out of the rock formed a stream which still Bears his name Triton Roda and bename were also children of Poseidon and empetri the Sea God was the father of two giant Sons called otus and epiales when only 9 years old they were said to be 27 cubits in height and nine

In breadth these youthful Giants were as rebellious as they were powerful even presuming to threaten the gods themselves with hostilities during the war of the G to Makia they endeavored to scale Heaven by piling Mighty mountains one upon another already they had succeeded in placing Mount Osa on Olympus and pelan on Osa

When this impire project was frustrated by Apollo who destroyed them with his arrows it was supposed that had not their lives been thus cut off before reaching maturity their sacrilegious design would have been carried into effect pelus and Nellis were also sons of Poseidon their mother Tyro was

Attached to the river god anius whose form Poseidon assumed and thus won her love pelus became afterwards famous in the story of the Argonauts and nellius was the father of Nestor who was distinguished in the Trojan War the Greeks believed that it was to Poseidon they were indebted for the existence of

The horse which he is said to have produced in the following manner Athen and Poseidon both claiming the right to name copia the ancient name of Athens a violent dispute arose which was finally settled by an assembly of the Olympian gods who decided that whichever of the contending parties presented mankind

With the most useful gift should obtain the privilege of naming the city upon this Poseidon struck the ground with his Trident and the horse sprang forth in all its Untamed strength and graceful Beauty from the spot which athee touched with her wand issued the Olive Tree whereupon the gods unanimously awarded

To her the victory declaring her gift to be the emblem of peace and plenty whilst that of Poseidon was thought to be the symbol of war and bloodshed Athen accordingly called the city Athens after herself and it has ever since retained this name Poseidon tamed the horse for the use of

Mankind and was believed to have taught men the art of managing horses by the bridal the esian games so named because they were held on the isus of Corinth in which horse and chariot races were a distinguishing feature were instituted in honor of Poseidon he was more especially woried in the

Ppenis though universally revered throughout Greece and in the south of Italy his sacrifices were generally black and white Bulls also wild boes and Rams his usual attributes are the Trident horse and dolphin in some parts of Greece this Divinity was identified with the sea god narus for which reason the nedes or

Daughters of narus are represented as accompanying him end of section nine section 10 of myths and legends see divinities Oceanus Oceanus was a son of Uranus and Gia he was a personification of the ever-flowing stream which according to the Primitive Notions of the early Greeks encircled the world and from

Which sprang all the rivers and streams that watered the Earth he was married to teus one of the Titans and was the father of a numerous progeny called the oceanides who are said to have been 3,000 in number he alone of all the Titans refrained from taking part against Zeus in the

Title Maia and was on that account the only one of the Primeval divinities permitted to retain his Dominion under the new Dynasty nerius nerus appears to be in the personification of the sea in its calm and Placid moods and was after Poseidon the most important of the sea

Deities he is represented as as a kind and benevolent old man possessing the gift of Prophecy and priding more particularly Over the aian Sea of which he was considered to be the protecting Spirit there he dwelt with his wife Doris and their 50 blooming daughters the nides beneath the waves in

A beautiful Grotto Palace and was ever ready to assist a stressed Mariners in the hour of danger Proteus proteus more formerly known as the old man of the sea was a son of Poseidon and gifted with prophetic power but he had an invincible objection to being consulted in his capacity as

Sear and those who wished him to forel events watched for the hour of noon when he was in the habit of coming up to the island of faros with Poseidon’s flock of seals which he tended at the bottom of the sea surrounded by these creatures of the

Deep he used to Slumber Beneath The Grateful shade of the Rocks this was the favorable moment to seize the prophet who in order to avoid importunities would change himself into an infinite variety of forms but patience gained the day for if he were only held long enough he became wearied

At last and resuming his true form gave the information desired after which he dived down again to the Bottom of the Sea accompanied by The Animals he tended Triton and the Triton Triton was the only son of Poseidon and airity but he possess little influence being altogether a minor

Divinity he is usually represented as preceding his father and acting as his trumpeteer using a con shell for this purpose he lived with his parents in their beautiful Golden Palace Beneath the Sea at a geia and his favorite pastime was to ride over the Billows on horses or sea monsters

Triton is always represented as half man half fish the body below the waist terminating in the tail of a dolphin we frequently find mention of tritons who are either The Offspring or Kindred of Triton glorus glorus is said to have become a sea Divinity in the following manner

While angling one day he observed that the fish he caught and threw on the bank at once nibbled at the grass and then leaped back in into the water his curiosity was naturally excited and he proceeded to gratify it by taking up a few blades and testing

Them no sooner was this done obeying an irresistible impulse he precipitated himself into the deep and became a sea god like most sea divinities he was gifted with prophetic power and each year visited all the islands and coasts with a train of marine monsters for telling all kinds of evil

Hence fisherman dreaded his approach and endeavored by prayer and fasting to avert the misfortunes which he prophesized he is often represented floating on the Billows his body covered with muscles seaweed and shells wearing a full beard and long flowing hair and bitterly bewailing his immortality fetus the silver-footed fair-haired

Thetus who plays an important part in the mythology of Greece was the daughter of narus or as some assert of Poseidon her grace and beauty was so remarkable that Zeus and Poseidon both sought an alliance with her but as it had been foretold that a son of hers

Would gain Supremacy over his father they relinquished their intentions and she became the wife of pelus son of aus like Proteus Theus possessed the power of transforming herself into a variety of different shapes and when wooed by pelus she exerted this power in order to elude him but knowing that persistence would

Eventually succeed he held her fast until she assumed her true form the nuls were celebrated with the utmost pump and magnificence and were honored by the presence of all the gods and goddesses with the exception of Aris how the goddess of Discord resented her exclusion from the marriage festivities has already been

Shown fetus ever retained great influence over the mighty Lord of Heaven which as we shall see Hereafter she used in favor of a renowned son Achilles in the Trojan War when halone plunged into the sea in despair after the Shipwreck and death of a husband King Sykes thetus transformed

Both husband and wife into the birds called King fishes hones which with the tender affection which characterize the unfortunate couple always fly in pairs the idea of the Ancients was that these birds brought forth their young in nests which float on the surface of the sea and calm weather before and after the

Shortest day when Theus was said to keep the water smooth and tranquil for their special benefit hence the term housian days which signifies a period of rest and untroubled Felicity Thomas forus and Sito the early Greeks with their extraordinary power of personifying all and every attribute of nature gave a distinct personality to

Those Mighty wonders of the deep which in all ages have afforded matter of speculation to educated and uneducated alike among these personifications we find Thomas foris and their sister Sito who were The Offspring of pontis Thomas whose name signifies wonder typifies that peculiar translucent condition of the surface

Surf of the sea when it reflects mirrorlike various images and appears to hold in its transparent Embrace The Flaming stars and illuminated cities which are so frequently reflected on its glassy bosom Thomas married the lovely Electra whose name signifies the sparkling light produced by electricity daughter of

Oceanus her amber colored hair was of such rare beauty that none of her fair-haired sisters could compare with with her and when she wept her tears being too precious to be lost formed drops of shining Amber foris and Sito personified more especially the hidden perils and Terrors

Of the ocean they were parents of the Gorgons the gria and the dragon which guarded the golden apples of the Hesperides leoi leoi was originally a mortal named IO daughter of admas King of Thieves she married aamas king of Oram menus who incensed at her unnatural conduct to her

Stepchildren persuaded her and her son to the seashore when seeing no hope of Escape she flung herself with the child into the deep they were kindly received by the nedes and became Sea divinities Under the name of leoi and palamon the sirens the sirens would appear to have been personifications of those numerous

Rocks and unseen dangers which abound on the Southwest coast of Italy they were sea nymphs with the upper part of the body that of a maiden and the lower that of a seabird having wings attached to their shoulders and were endowed with such wonderful voices that their sweet songs are said to have

Lured Mariners to destruction Aries Mars Aries the son of Zeus and Hera was the God of War who gloried in Strife for its own sake he loved the tumult and Havoc of the battlefield and delighted in Slaughter and extermination in fact he presents no benevolent aspect which could possibly react favorably upon human

Life epic poets in particular represent the god of battles as a wild and governable Warrior who passes through the armies like a whirlwind hurling to the ground the Brave and cowardly alike destroying chariots and helmets and triumphing over the terrible desolation which he produces in all the myths concerning

Aries his sister Athena ever appears in opposition to him endeavoring by every means in her power to defeat his bloodthirsty designs thus she assist the Divine Hero diamides at the siege of Troy to overcome Aries in battle and and so well does he profit by a timely Aid that he

Succeeds in wounding the sangary ward God who makes his exit from the field roaring like 10,000 Bulls Aries appears to have been an object of aversion to all the gods of Olympus Aphrodite alone accepted as the son of Hera he had inherited from his mother the strongest feelings of Independence and

Contradiction and as he took Delight in upsetting that peaceful core of State life which was preeminently the care of Zeus to establish he was naturally disliked and even hated by him when wounded by diamides as above related he complains to his father but receives no sympathy from the otherwise

Kindly and beneficient ruler of Olympus who thus angrily addresses himo not trouble me with thy complaints thou who art of all the gods of Olympus most hateful to me for thou delighted in not save war and Strife the very Spirit of thy mother lives in thee and W thou not

My own son long ago would thou have Lain deeper down in the bowels of the earth than the son of Uranus Aries upon one occasion incurred the anger of Poseidon by slaying his son Hal rofus who had insulted elpe the daughter of the war God for this deed Poseidon summoned

Aries to appear before the tribunal of the Olympic Gods which was held upon a hill in Athens Aries was acquitted and this event is supposed to have given rise to the name arap fogus or Hill of Aries which afterwards became so famous as a court of justice in the giganto Maia Aries was

Defeated by the alodi the two giant sons of Poseidon who put him in Chains and kept him in prison for 13 months Aries is represented as a man of youthful appearance his tall muscular form combines great strength with wonderful agility in his right hand he Bears a

Sword or a mighty Lance one on the left arm he carries his round Shield his demonical surroundings are Terror and fear Eno the goddess of the war cry kodus the demon of the noise battles and Aris contention his twin sister and companion who always precedes his

Chariot when he rushes to the fight the latter being evidently a smile of The Poets to express the fact that war follows contention Aris is represented as a woman of florid complexion with disheveled hair and her whole appearance angry and menacing in one hand she brandishes a

Poyard in a hissing Adder whilst in the other she carries a burning torch her dress is torn and disorderly and her hair entwined with venomous snakes this Divinity was never invoked by Mortals except when they desired her assistance for the accomplishment of evil purposes Mars the Roman Divinity most closely

Resembling the Greek Aries and identified with him was called Mars marmar and Mars bitter or father Mars the earliest Italian tribes who were mostly engaged in the pursuit of husbandry regarded this deity more especially as the god of spring who vanquished the powers of winter and encouraged the peaceful Arts of

Agriculture but with the Romans who were an essentially warlike Nation Mars gradually lost his peaceful character and as God of War attains after Jupiter the highest position among the Olympic Gods the Romans looked upon him as a special protector and declared him to have been the father

Of Romulus and dreis the founders of their city but although he was especially woried in Rome as God of War he still continued to preside over Agriculture and was also the protecting deity who watched over the welfare of the state as The God Who stro with warl like

Step to the battlefield he was called gradivus from gradus a step it being popularly believed by the Romans the te himself himself marched before them to battle and acted as their invisible protector as a presiding deity of Agriculture he was stalled Sylvanas whilst in his character as

Guardian of the state he bore the name of quirinus the priests of Mars were 12 in number and were called salai or the daners from the fact that sacred dances and full armor formed an important item in their peculiar ceremonial this religious order the members of which were always chosen from

The noblest families in Rome was first instituted by Numa pompilus who entrusted to their special charge the aneli or sacred Shields it is said that one morning when Numa was imploring the protection of Jupiter for the newly founded city of Rome the god of Heaven as though in

Answer to his prayer sent down an oblong braak and shield and as it fell at the feet of the king a voice was heard announcing that on its preservation depended the future safety and prosperity of Rome in order therefore to lessen the chances of this sacred treasure being

Obstructed Numa caused 11 more to be made exactly like it which were then given into the care of the salai the assistance and protection of the God of War was always solemnly invoked before the departure of a Roman army for the field of battle and any reverses of Fortune were

Invariably ascribed to his anger which was accordingly propit by means of extraordinary sin offerings and prayers in Rome a field called the Campus Martius was dedicated to Mars it was a large open space in which armies were collected and reviewed General Assemblies of the people held and the young nobility trained to Marshal

Exercises the most celebrated and magnificent of the numerous temples built by the Romans in honor of this deity was the Ron erected by Augustus in the Forum to commemorate the overthrow of the murderers of Caesar of all the existing statues of Mars the most renowned is that in the

Villa ludos at Rome in which he is represented as a powerful muscular man in the full Vigor of Youth the attitude is that of thoughtful Repose but the short curly hair dilated nostrils and strongly marked features leave no doubt as the force and turbulence of his character At His Feet the sculptor has

Placed the little god of love who looks up all undaunted at the mighty war God as so mischievously conscious that this unusually quiet mood is attributed to his influence religious festivals in honor of Mars were generally held in the month of March but he had also a festival on

The IDS of October when chariot races took place after which the right-and horse of the team which Adorn the Victorious Chariot was sacrificed to him in ancient times human sacrifices more especially prisoners of War were offered to him but at a later period this cruel practice was discontinued the attributes of this

Divinity are the helmet shield and spear the animals consecrated to him were the wolf horse vulture and woodpecker intimately associated with Mars in his character as God of War was the goddess called Bona who was evidently the female Divinity of battle with one or other of the Primitive

Nations of Italy most probably the sabines and is usually seen accompanying Mars whose War Chariot she guides balona appears on the battlefield inspired with mad rage cruelty and the love of extermination she is in full armor her hair is disheveled and she Bears a Scourge in one hand and a lance in the

Other a temple was erected to her on the Campus Martius before the entrance to the edifice stood a pillar over which a spear was thrown when war was publicly declared Nike Victoria Nike the goddess of victory was the daughter of the Titans Palace and of stick the presiding nymph of the river

Of that name in the lower world in his status Nike somewhat resembles Athena but may easily be recognized by her large graceful wings and flowing drapery which is negligently fastened on her right shoulder and only partially conceals her lovely form in her left hand she holds aoft a crown

Of Laurel and in the right a palm branch in ancient sculpture Nike is usually represented in connection with colossal statues of Zeus or palis Athena in which case she is life-sized and stands on a ball held in the open palm of the deity she accompanies sometimes she’s represented

Engaged in inscribing the victory of a conqueror on his shield her right foot being slightly raised and and placed on a ball a celebrated Temple was erected to this Divinity on the Acropolis at Athens which is still to be seen and is an excellent preservation Victoria under the name of Victoria

Knight was highly honored by the Romans with whom the love of Conquest was an all-absorbing characteristic there were several sanctuaries in Rome dedicated to her the principle of which was on the capital where it was the custom of generals after success had attended their arms to erect statues to the goddess in

Commemoration of their victories the most magnificent of these statues was that raised by Augustus after the battle of actium a festival was celebrated in honor of Nike on the 12th of April end of section 10 section 11 of myths and legends Hermes Mercury Hermes was the swift-footed messenger and trusted ambassador of all

The gods and conductor of Shades to Hades he presided over the rearing and education of the young and encouraged gymnastic exercises and athletic Pursuits for which reason all gymnasiums and wrestling schools throughout Greece were adorned with his statues he is said to have invented the alphabet and to have taught the art of

Interpre in foreign languages and his versatility sagacity and cunning were so extraordinary that Zeus invariably chose him as his attendant when disguised as a mortal he journeyed on Earth Hermes was worshiped as God of eloquence most probably from the fact that in his office as Ambassador this faculty was indispensable to the

Successful issue of the negotiations with which he was entrusted he was regarded as the God who granted increase in prosperity to flocks and herds and on this account was woried with special veneration by herdsmen in ancient times trade was conducted chiefly by means of the exchange of cattle Hermes therefore as

God of herdsmen came to be regarded as the protector of merchants and as ready wit and adroitness are valuable qualities both in buying and selling he was also looked upon as the patron of artifice and cunning indeed so deeply was this notion rooted in the minds of

The Greek people that he was popularly believed to be also the god of Thieves and of all persons who live by their wits as the patron of Commerce Hermes was naturally supposed to be the promoter of intercourse among nations hence he is essentially the god of Travelers over whose safety he presided

And he severely punished those who refused assistance to the lost or weary Wayfarer he was also guardian of streets and and Roads and his statues called hermi which were pillars of stone surmounted by a head of Hermes were placed at Crossroads and frequently in streets and public squares being the God of all

Undertakings in which gain was a feature he was worshiped as The Giver of wealth and good luck and any unexpected stroke of Fortune was attributed to his influence he also presided over the game of dice in which he is said to have been instructed by Apollo Hermes was the son of Zeus and

Maya the eldest and most beautiful of the Seven plees Daughters of Atlas and was born in a cave of Mount selin in Arcadia as a mere babe he exhibited an extraordinary faculty for cunning and dissimulation in fact he was a thief from his cradle for not many hours after

His birth we find him creeping stealthily out of the cave in which he was born and in order to steal some oxen belonging to his brother Apollo who was at this time feeding the flocks of edmus but he had not proceeded very far on his expedition before he found a

Tortoise which he killed and stretching seven strings across the empty shell invented a liar upon which he at once began to play with exquisite skill when he had sufficiently amused himself with the instrument he placed it in his cradle and then resumed his journey to area where the cattle of admus were

Grazing arriving at sunset at his destination he succeeded in separating 50 oxen from his brother’s herd which he now drove before him taking the precaution to cover his feet with sandals made of Twigs of Myrtle in order to escape detection but the little rogue was not unobserved for the theft had been

Witnessed by an old Shepherd named btis who was tending the flocks of nellius king of pyos father of Nestor Hermes frightened at being discovered bribed him with the finest cow in the herd not to betray him and Bas promised to keep the secret but Hermes astute as he was dishonest

Determined to test the shepherd’s Integrity feigning to go away he assumed the form of admus and then returning to the spot offered the old man two of his best oxen if he would disclose the author of the theft the ruse succeeded for the avaricious Shepherd unable to resist the tempting

Bait gave the desired information upon which Hermes exerting his divine power changed him into a lump of Touchstone as a punishment for his treachery and avarice Hermes now killed two of The Oxen which he sacrificed to himself and the other gods concealing the remainder in the cave he then carefully

Extinguished the fire and after throwing his twig shoes into the river alfus returned to sany Apollo by means of his allseeing power soon discovered who it was that had robbed him and hastening to selan demanded restitution of his property on his complaining to Maya of her son’s

Conduct she pointed to the innocent babe then lying apparently fast asleep in his cradle whereupon Apollo angrily aroused the pretended sleeper and charged him with the theft but the child stoutly denied all knowledge of it and so clever did he play his part that he even inquired in the most naive manner what

Sort of animals cows were Apollo threatened to throw him into tardus if he would not confess the truth but all to no purpose at last he seized the Babe in his arms and brought him into the presence of his August father who was seated in the council Chamber Of The

Gods Zeus listened to the charge made by Apollo and then sternly desired Hermes to say where he had hidden the cattle the child who was still in swaddling clothes looked up bravely into his father’s face and said now do I look capable of driving away a herd of cattle

I who was only born yesterday and whose feet are much too soft and tender To Tread in rough places until this moment I lay in sweet sleep on my mother’s bosom and have never even crossed the threshold of our dwelling you know well that I am not guilty but if you wish I

Will affirm it by the most solemn Oaths as the child stood before him looking the picture of Innocence Zeus could not refrain from smiling at his cleverness and cunning but being perfectly aware of his guilt he commanded him to conduct Apollo to the cave where he concealed

The herd and Hermes seeing that further subterfuge was useless unhesitatingly obeyed but when the Divine Shepherd was about to drive his cattle back into pieria Hermes as though by chance touched the cords of his liar hither to a APO had heard nothing but the music of his own three stringed

Liar and the shrinkx or pans pipe and as he listened and trans to the delightful strains of this new instrument his longing to possess it became so great that he gladly offered The Oxen in exchange promising at the same time to give Hermes full dominion over flocks

And herds as well as over horses and all the wild animals of the woods and forests the offer was accepted and reconciliation being thus affected between the brothers Hermes became henceforth God of herdsmen whilst Apollo devoted himself enthusiastically to the art of Music they now proceeded together to Olympus where Apollo introduced Hermes

As his chosen friend and companion and having made him swear by the sixs that he would never steal his liar or bow nor invade his Sanctuary at Deli he presented him with the kadus or golden wand this wand was surmounted by wings and on presenting it to Hermes Apollo

Informed him that it possessed the faculty of uniting in love all beings divided by hate wishing to prove the truth of this assertion Hermes threw it down between two snakes which were fighting whereupon the angry combatants clasped each other in a loving Embrace and curling around the staff remained Ever After

Permanently attached to it the wand itself typified power the serpent wisdom and the wings despatch all qualities characteristic of a trustworthy Ambassador the young God was now presented by his father with a winged silver cap petus and also with silver wings for his feet Taria and was forth

With appointed Herald of the Gods and conductor of Shades to Hades which office had hitherto been filled by aidis as messenger of the Gods we find him employed on All Occasions requiring special skill tact or despatch thus he conducts Hera atheni and Aphrodite to Paris leads pram to Achilles to demand

The body of Hector binds Prometheus to mount Caucasus secures ixion to the eternally revolving wheel destroys Argus the 100 eyed guardian of eio etc etc as conductor of Shades Hermes was always invoked by the dying to grant them a safe and Speedy passage across the sticks he also possessed the power

Of bringing back departed spirits to the upper world and was therefore the mediator between the living and the dead The Poets relate many amusing stories of the youthful tricks played by this Mischief loving God upon the other Immortals for instance he had the audacity to extract the Medusa’s head

From The Shield of atheni which he playfully attacked attached to the back of Festus he also stole the girdle of Aphrodite deprived Artemis of her arrows and Aries of his spear but these acts were always performed with such graceful dexterity combined with such perfect good humor that even the gods and

Goddesses he thus provoked were Fain to Pardon him and he became a universal favorite with them all it is said that Hermes was one day flying over Athens when looking down into the city he beheld a number of maidens returning in solemn procession from the Temple of Palace

Atheni foremost among them was hery the beautiful daughter of King secops and Hermes was so struck with her exceeding loveliness that he determined to seek an interview with her he accordingly presented himself at the Royal Palace and begged her sister agos to favor his suit but being of an

Avaricious Turn of Mind she refused to do so without the payment of an enormous sum of money it did not take the messenger of the Gods long to obtain the means of fulfilling this condition and he soon returned with a well-filled purse but meanwhile atheni to punish the

Cupidity of agos had caused the demon of Envy to take possession of her and the consequence was that being unable to contemplate the happiness of her sister she sat down before the door and resolutely refused to allow Hermes to enter he tried every persuasion and blandishment in his power but she still remained

Obstinate at last his patience being exhausted he changed her into a mess of black stone and the obstacle to his wishes being removed he succeeded in persuading hery to become his wife in his statues Hermes is represented as a beardless youth with broad chest and graceful but muscular

Limbs the face is handsome and intelligent and a genial smile of kindly benevolence plays around the delicately chiseled lips as messenger of the Gods he wears the petus and Taria and bears in his hand the caducus or Herald staff as God of eloquence he is often represented with chains of gold hanging

From his lips whilst as the patron of merchants he Bears a purse in his hand the wonderful excavations in Olympia to which illusion has already been made have brought to light an Exquisite marble group of Hermes and the bakus by Proxes in this great work of art Hermes

Is represented as a young and handsome man who is looking down kindly and affectionately at the child resting on his arm but unfortunately nothing remains of the infant save the right hand which is laid lovingly on the shoulder of his protector the sacrifices to Hermes consisted of incense Honey Cakes pigs

And especially lambs and young goats as God of eloquence the the tongues of animals were sacrificed to him Mercury Mercury was the Roman God of Commerce and gain we find mention of a temple having been erected to him near the circus Maximus as early as BC

495 and he also had a temple and a sacred Fountain near the Porta capena magic powers were ascribed to the latter and on the Festival of mercury which took place on the 25th th of May it was the custom for merchants to sprinkle themselves and their merchandise with this holy water in

Order to ensure large profits from their Wares the Fales Roman priests whose Duty it was to act as Guardians of the public Faith refused to recognize the identity of mercury with Hermes and ordered him to be represented with a sacred Branch as the emblem of Peace instead of the

Kadus in later times however he was completely identified with the Greek Hermes end of section 11 section 12 dionisis bakus dionisis also called bakus from Baka Berry was the god of wine and the personification of the blessings of nature in general the worship of this Divinity which is supposed to have been

Introduced into Greece for from Asia in all probability from India first took root in thce whence it gradually spread into other parts of Greece dionisis was the son of Zeus and semile and was snatched by Zeus from the devouring flames in which his mother perished when he appeared to her in all

The Splendor of his Divine Glory the motherless child was entrusted to the charge of Hermes who conveyed him to semily sister I know but Hera still impliable in her Vengeance visited almus the husband of Ino with Madness and the child’s life being no longer safe he was transferred

To the fostering care of the nymphs of Mount Nisa an aged seder named Selenas the son of pan took upon himself the office of guardian and preceptor to the young God who in his turn became much attached to his tutor hence we see Selenas always figuring as one of the chief personages

In the various Expeditions of the wine God dionisis passed an innocent and uneventful childhood roaming through the woods and forests surrounded by nymphs saders and Shepherds during one of these Rambles he found a fruit growing wild of a most refreshing and cooling nature this was the vine from which he subsequently

Learned to extract a juice which formed a most exhilarating beverage after his companions had partaken freely of it they felt their whole being pervaded by an unwanted sense of pleasurable excitement and gave full vent to their overflowing exuberance by shouting singing and dancing their numbers were soon swelled

By a crowd eager to taste a beverage productive of such extraord AR results and anxious to join in the worship of a Divinity to whom they were indebted for this new enjoyment dionisis on his part seeing how agreeably his Discovery had affected his immediate followers resolved to extend the Boon to Mankind in

General he saw that wine used in moderation would enable man to enjoy a happier and more sociable existence and that under its invigorating influence the sorrowful might for a while forget their grief and the sick their pain he accordingly gathered around him his zealous followers and they set forth

On their travels planting the vine and teaching it cultivation wherever they went we now behold dionisis at the head of a large army composed of men women fawns and saders all bearing in their hands the theoris a staff entwined with Vine branches surmounted by a fur cone and clashing together symbols and other

Musical instruments seated in a chariot drawn by Panthers and accompanied by thousands of enthusiastic followers dionis made a triumphal progress through Syria Egypt Arabia India Etc conquering all before him founding cities and establishing on every side a more civilized and sociable mode of life among the inhabitants of

The various countries through which he passed when dionisis returned to Greece from his Eastern Expedition he encountered great opposition from luris King of thce and pantheus King of Thieves the former highly disapproving of the wild Rebels which attended the worship of the wine God drove away his attendants the nysm of Nisa

From that sacred mountain and so effectually intimidated dionisis that he precipitated himself into the sea where he was received into the arms of the ocean nymph fetus but the impious king bitterly expiated his sacrilegious conduct he was punished with the loss of his reason and during one of his mad

Paroxysms killed his own son dasas whom he mistook hook for a Vine pantheus King of Thieves seeing his subjects so completely infatuated by the riotous worship of this new Divinity and fearing the demoralizing effects of the unseemly nocturnal orgies held in honor of the wine God strictly prohibited his

People from taking any part in the wild bakalian Rebels anxious to save him from the consequences of his impiety dionisis appeared to him under the form of a youth in the king’s train and earnestly warned him to desist from his denunciations but the well- me admonition failed in its purpose for

Pantheus only became more incensed at this interference and commanding dionisis to be cast into prison caused the most cruel preparations to be made for his immediate execution but the god soon freed himself from his ignoble confinements for scarcely had his jailers departed a the prison doors opened of themselves and

Bursting asunder his iron chains he escaped to rejoin his devoted followers meanwhile the mother of the king and her sisters inspired with bakalian Fury had repaired to mount sithon in order to join the worshippers of the wine God in those Dreadful orgies which were solemnized exclusively by

Women and which no man was allowed to be present enraged at finding his commands thus openly disregarded by the members of his own family pentheus resolved to witness for himself the excesses of which he had heard such terrible reports and for this purpose concealed himself behind a tree on Mount

Sithon but his hiding place being discovered he was dragged out by the half maddened crew of bantes and horrible to relate he was torn in pieces by his own mother agavi and her two sisters an incident which occurred to dianis on one of his travels has been a favorite subject with the classical

Poets one day as some tyranian Pirates approached the shores of Greece they beheld dionisis in the form of a beautiful youth attired in radiant garments thinking to secure a rich prize They seized him bound him and conveyed him on board their vessel resolved to carry him with them to Asia and there

Sell him as a slave but the Fetters dropped from his Limbs and the pilate who was the first who perceived the miracle called upon his companions to restore the youth carefully to the spot whence they had taken him assuring them that he was a God and that adverse winds and storms

Would in all probability result from their impious conduct but refusing to part with their prisoner they set sail for the Open Sea suddenly to the alarm of all on board the ship Stood Still masks and sails were covered with clustering Vines and wreaths of ivy leaves streams of

Fragrant wine inundated The Vessel and Heavenly strains of Music were heard around the terrified crew too late repentant crowded around the pilot for protection and intreated him to steer for the shore but the hour of Retribution had arrived dionisis assumed the form of a lion whilst beside him appeared a bear

Which with a terrific Roar rushed upon the captain and tore him in pieces the sailors in an Agony of Terror leaped overboard and were changed into Dolphins the discreet and Pious steersman was alone permitted to escape the fate of his companions and to him dionisis who had resumed his true form

Addressed words of kind and affectionate encouragement and announced his name and dignity they now set sail and dionisis desired the pilot to land him at the island of noxos where he found the lovely ariadne daughter of mos king of creit she had been abandoned by Theus on

This lonely spot and when dionis now beheld her was lying fast asleep on a rock worn out with sorrow and weeping wrapped in admiration the god stood gazing at the beautiful Vision before him and when she at length unclosed her eyes he revealed himself to her and in gentle tones sought to banish

Her grief grateful for his kind sympathy coming as it did at the moment when she had deemed herself Forsaken and friendless she gradually regained her former Serenity and yielding to his entreaties consented to become his wife dionisis having established his Worship in various parts of the world

Descended to the realm of Shades in search of his ill-fated mother whom he conducted to Olympus where under the name of theoni she was admitted into the Assembly of the immortal Gods Among the most noted worshippers of dionisis was Midas the wealthy king of Fria the same who as already related

Gave judgment against Apollo upon one occasion Selenas the preceptor and friend of of dionisis being in an intoxicated condition strayed into the rose gardens of this Monarch where he was found by some of the king’s attendants who bound him with roses and conducted him to the presence of their royal

Master Midas treated the Aged seder with the greatest consideration and after entertaining him hospitably for 10 days led him back to dionisis who was so grateful for the kind attention shown to his old friend that he offered to Grant Midas any favor he chose to demand whereupon the avaricious Monarch

Not content with his boundless wealth and still thirsting for more desired that everything he touched might turn into gold the request was complied with in so literal a sense that the now wretched Midas bitterly repented his folly and cupidity for when the pangs of hunger assailed him and he essayed to appease

His Cravings the food became gold Air he could swallow it as he raised the cup of wine to his parched lips the sparkling draft was changed into the metal he had so coveted and when at length wearied and faint he stretched his aching frame on his hitherto luxurious couch this also was

Transformed into the substance which had now become the curse of his existence the Des sparing King at last implored the God to take back the fatal gift and dionisis pitying his unhappy plight desired him to bathe in in the river pus a small stream in Lydia in

Order to lose the power which had become the bane of his life Midas joyfully obeying the injunction was at once freed from the consequences of his avaricious demand and from this time forth the Sands of the river petus have ever contained grains of gold representations of dianis are of

Two kinds according to the earliest conceptions he appears as a grave and dignified man in the prime of Life his countenance is earnest thoughtful and benevolent he wears a full beard and is draped from head to foot in the Garb of an Eastern Monarch but the sculptors of a later

Period represent him as a youth of singular beauty though of somewhat effeminate appearance the expression of the countenance is gentle and winning the limbs are supple and gracefully molded and the hair which is adorned by a wreath of Vine or ivy leaves Falls over the shoulders in Long

Curls in one hand he Bears the Theus and in the other a drinking cup with two handles these being his distinguishing attributes he is often represented writing on a panther or seated in a chariot drawn by lions tigers panthers or lynxes being the god of wine which is calculated to promote sociability he

Rarely appears alone but is usually accompanied by bantes saders and Mountain nymphs the finest modern representation of ariadne is that by donaker at Frankfurt on the main in this statue she appears riding on a panther the beautiful upturned face inclines slightly over the left shoulder the features are regular and finely cut

And a wreath of ivy leaves encircles the well-shaped head with her right hand she gracefully clasps the folds of drapery which fall away negligently from her rounded form whilst the other rests lightly and caressingly on the head of the animal dionisis was regarded as the patron of

The drama and at the state Festival of the dionisia which was celebrated with great pomp in the city of Athens dramatic entertainments took place in his honor for which all the renowned Greek dramatists of antiquity composed their Immortal tragedies and comedies he was also a prophetic Divinity and possessed oracles the

Principle of which was that on Mount rope in thce the tiger Lynx Panther dolphin Serpent and ass were sacred to this God his favorite plants were the vine Ivy Laurel and Asphodel his sacrifices consisted of goats probably on account of their being destructive to Vineyards bakus or

Liber the Romans had a Divinity called Liber who presided over vegetation and was on this account identified with the Greek dionisis and worshiped under the name of bakas the Festival of Liber called the liberalia was celebrated on the 17th of March end of section 12 section 13 of myths and Legend

8s Pluto 0s adenus or Hades was the son of Cronus and Ria and the youngest brother of Zeus and Poseidon he was the ruler of that Subterranean region called arabus which was inhabited by the shades or spirits of the dead and also by those dethroned and exiled deities who had

Been vanquished by Zeus and his allies 80s the Grim and gloomy monarch of this lower world was the the successor of arabus that ancient primeval Divinity after whom these Realms were called see footnote 131 the early Greeks regarded ades in the light of their greatest Foe and

Homer tells us that he was of all the gods the most detested being in their eyes the Grim robber who stole from them their nearest and dearest and eventually deprived each of them of their share in terrestrial existence his name was so feared that it was never mentioned by Mortals who when

They invoked him struck the Earth with their hands and in sacrificing to him turned away their faces the belief of the people with regard to a future state was in the homeric age a sad and cheerless one it was supposed that when a mortal ceased to exist his Spirit tenanted the shadowy

Outline of the human form it had quitted these Shadows or Shades as they were called were driven by 0es into his dominions where they passed their time some in brooding over the vicissitude udes of Fortune which they had experienced on Earth others in regretting the Lost Pleasures they had

Enjoyed in life but all in a condition of semic Consciousness from which the intellect could only be roused to full activity by drinking of the blood of the sacrifices offered to their shades by living friends which for a Time endowed them with their former mental Vigor the only beings supposed to enjoy

Any happiness in a future state were the heroes whose acts of Daring and deeds of prowess had during their life reflected did Honor on the land of their birth and even these according to Homer pined after their career of Earthly activity he tells us that when uus visited the

Lower world at the command of Cersei and held communion with the shades of the heroes of the Trojan War ailles assured him that he would rather be the poorest day laborer on Earth than reign supreme over the realm of Shades the early Greek poets offer but scanty Illusions to arabus Homer appears

Purposely to envelop these Realms in vagueness and mystery in order probably to heighten the sensation of awe inseparably connected with the lower world see footnote 132 in The Odyssey he describes the entrance to arabus as being Beyond the furthermost Edge of Oceanus in the Far West where dwelt the samarians enveloped

In Eternal Mists and darkness in later times however in consequence of extended intercourse with foreign Nations new ideas became gradually introduced and we find Egyptian theories with regard to a future State taking root in Greece which become eventually the religious belief of the whole nation it is now that the

Poets and philosophers and more especially the teachers of the elisian Mysteries begin to inculcate the doctrine of the future reward and Punishment of good and bad Deeds ades who had hitherto been regarded as the dread enemy of mankind who Delights in his Grim office and keeps the shades imprisoned in his dominions after

Withdrawing drawing them from the joys of existence now receives them with hospitality and friendship and Hermes replaces him as conductor of Shades to Hades under this new aspect Hades usurps the functions of a totally different Divinity called plutus the god of riches and is henceforth regarded as The Giver

Of wealth to Mankind in the shape of those precious metals which lie concealed in the bowels of the Earth the later poets mention various entrances to arabus which were for the most part caves and Fishers there is one in the mountain of tanum another in thes brosia and a third the most celebrated

Of all in Italy near the prosterus lake Aus over which it is said no bird could fly so noxious were its exhalations in the dominions of 80s there were four Great Rivers three of which had to be crossed by all the shades these three were archeron sorrow coetus lamentation and sticks intense Darkness

The sacred stream which flowed nine times around these Realms the shades were fed over the sticks by the Grim unshaven old Boatman Sharon who however only took those whose bodies had received funeral rights on Earth and who had brought with them his indispensable toll which was a small coin or obulus

Usually placed under the tongue of a dead person for this purpose see footnote 133 if these conditions had not been fulfilled the unhappy happy Shades were left behind to wander up and down the banks for a hundred years as Restless spirits on the opposite Bank of the

Sticks was the tribunal of mos the Supreme judge before whom all shades had to appear and who after hearing full confession of their actions whilst on Earth pronounced the sentence of happiness or misery to which their deeds had entitled them this tribunal was guarded by the terrible triple-headed

Dog cerebus who with his three necks bristling with snakes lay at full length on the ground a formidable Sentinel who permitted all shades to enter but none to return the happy Spirits destined to enjoy the Delights of Elysium passed out on the right and proceeded to the Golden

Palace where ades and perone held their Royal Court from whom they received a kindly greeting a they set out for the elisen fields which lay Beyond C footnote 47 this Blissful region was repl with all that could charm the senses or please the imagination the air was balmy and fragrant Rippling Brooks flowed

Peacefully Through The Smiling Meadows which glowed with the varied Hues of a thousand flowers whilst The Groves resounded with the joyous songs of birds the occupations and Amusements of the happy Shades were of the same nature as those which they had delighted in whilst on Earth here the warrior found his

Horses chariots and arms the musician his liar and the hunter his quiver and bow in a secluded veil of alysium there flowed a gentle silent stream called leth Oblivion whose Waters had the effect of dispelling care and producing utter forgetfulness of former events according to the Pythagorean doctrine of

The transmigration of souls it was supposed that after the shades had inhabited Elysium for a thousand years they were destined to animate other bodies on Earth and before leaving alysium they drank of the river leth in order that they might enter upon their new career without any remembrance of the past see footnote

134 the guilty Souls after leaving the presence of mos were conducted to the great judgment Hall of Hades whose massive walls of solid adamant were surrounded by the river Fon the waves of which rolled flames of fire and lit up with their lured glare these awful Realms in the interior sat The Dread

Judge Romanus who declared to each Comer the precise torments which awaited him in tardus The Wretched Sinners were then seized by the furies who scourged them with their whips and dragged them along to the Great Gate which closed the opening to Tartarus into whose awful depths they were hurled to suffer endless

Torture Tartarus was a vast and gloomy expanse as far below Hades as the Earth is distant from the skies there the Titans fallen from their High estate dragged out a dreary and monotonous existence there also were Otis and epiales those giant sons of Poseidon who with impious hands had attempted to

Scale Olympus and dethrown its Mighty ruler principle among the sufferers in this Abode of Gloom were tius tanelus Copus iion and the dades tius one of the earthborn Giants had insulted Hera on her way to pitho for which offense Zeus flung him into tardus where he suffered Dreadful

Torture inflicted by by two vultures which perpetually gwed his liver Tantalus was a wise and Wealthy king of Lydia with whom the gods themselves condescended to associate he was even permitted to sit at table with Zeus who delighted in his conversation and listened with interest to the wisdom of

His observations Tantalus however elated at these distinguished marks of divine favor presumed upon his position and used Unbecoming language to Zeus himself he also stole nectar and EMB roia from the table of the Gods with which he regaled his friends but his greatest crime consisted in killing his own son

Pelops and serving him up at one of the Banquets to the Gods in order to test their omniscience see footnote 135 for these heinous offenses he was condemned by Zeus to Eternal punishment in Tartarus where tortured with an Ever burning thirst he was plunged up to the

Chin in water which as he stooped to drink always receded from his parched lips tall trees with spreading branches Laden with delicious fruits hung temptingly over his head but no sooner did he raise himself to grasp them then a wind arose and carried them Beyond his reach Copus was a great Tyrant who

According to some accounts barbarously murdered all travelers who came into his dominions by hurling upon them enormous pieces of rock in punishment for his crimes he was condemned to roll incessantly a huge block of stone up a steep hill which as soon as it reached the summit always rolled back again to

The plain below ixion was a king of thessaly to whom Zeus accorded the privilege of joining the festive Banquets of the Gods but taking advantage of his exalted position he presumed to Aspire to the favor of Hera which so greatly incensed Zeus that he struck him with his Thunderbolts and

Commanded Hermes to throw him into tardas and bind him to an Ever revolving wheel the denes were the 50 Daughters of danis king of Argos who had married married their 50 cousins the son of egyptus by the command of their father who had been warned by an oracle that

His son-in-law would cause his death they all killed their husbands in one night hypermnestra alone accepted their punishment in the lower world was to fill with water a vessel full of holes a never- ending and useless task 0s is usually represented as a man of mature years and Stern majestic mean bearing a

Striking resemblance to his brother Zeus but the gloomy and inexorable expression of the face contrasts forcibly with that peculiar benity which so characterizes the countenance of the mighty ruler of Heaven he is Seated on a throne of ebony with his Queen the grave and sad persone

Beside him and wears a full beard and long flowing black hair which hangs straight down over his forehead see footnote 136 in his hand he either Bears a two-pronged fork or the keys of the lower world and At His Feet sits Cerberus he is sometimes seen in a

Chariot of gold drawn by four black horses and wearing on his head a helmet made for him by the Cyclops which rendered the wearer invisible this helmet he frequently lent to Mortals and Immortals ads who was universally worshiped throughout Greece had temples erected to his honor in Ellis Olympia

And also at Athens his sacrifices which took place at night consisted of black sheep and the blood instead of being sprinkled on the altars or received in vessels as at other sacrifices was permitted to run down into a trench dug for this purpose the officiating priests wore black robes and were crowned with

Cyprus The Narcissist Maiden hair and Cyprus were sacred to this Divinity Pluto before the introduction into Rome of the religion and literature of Greece the Romans had no belief in a realm of future happiness or misery corresponding to the Greek Hades hence they had no God of the lower world ident

Identical with 0es they supposed that there was in the center of the earth a vast gloomy and impenetrably dark cavity called orcus which formed a place of Eternal rest for the dead but with the introduction of Greek mythology the Roman orcus became the Greek Hades and

All the Greek Notions with regard to a future State now obtained with the Romans who worshiped Hades under the name of Pluto his other Appalachians being dis from Dives rich and orcus from the dominions over which he ruled in Rome there were no temples erected to this Divinity plutus plutus the son of

Demer and Immortal called aazan was the god of wealth and is represented as being lame when he makes his appearance and winged when he takes his departure he was supposed to be both blind and foolish because he bestows his gifts without discrimination and frequently upon the most unworthy objects plutus

Was believed to have his Abode in the bowels of the earth which was probably the reason why in later times ades became confounded with this Divinity end of section 13 section 14 of myths and legends minor divinities the harpies the harpies who like the furies were employed by the gods as instruments

For the punishment of the guilty were three female divinities Daughters of thas and Electra called ILO OIP and salino they were represented with the head of a fair-haired maiden and the body of a vulture and were perpetually devoured by the pangs of insatiable hunger which caused them to torment

Their victims by robbing them of their food this they either devoured with great gluttony or defiled in such a manner as to render it unfit to be eaten their wonderfully rapid flight far surpassed that of birds or even of the Winds themselves if any mortal suddenly and unaccountably disappeared the

Harpies were believed to have carried him off thus they were supposed to have borne away the daughters of King pandaros to act as servants to the arines the harpies would appear to be personifications of sudden tempests which with ruthless violence sweep over whole districts carrying off or injuring all before

Them edin humanties furii di the arines or Furies were female divinities who personified the torturing pangs of an evil conscience and the remorse which inevitably follows wrongdoing their names were electo magaya and tiphany and their origin was variously accounted for according to heid they sprang from the blood of

Uranus when wounded by cronis and were hence supposed to be the embodiment M of all the terrible imprecations which the defeated deity called down upon the head of his rebellious son according to other accounts they were the daughters of Knight their place of Abode was the lower world where they were employed by

Aidis and panie to chastise and torment those Shades who during their Earthly career had committed crimes and had not been reconciled to the gods before descending to Hades but their sphere of action was not confined to the realm of shades for they appeared upon Earth as the avenging deities who relentlessly pursued and

Punished murderers perjurers those who had failed in duty to their parents in Hospitality to strangers or in the respect due to old age nothing escaped the piercing glance of these terrible divinities from whom flight was unavailing for no corner of the Earth was so remote as to be beyond their

Reach nor did any mortal dare to offer to their victims an asylum from their persecutions the furies are frequently represented with wings their bodies are black blood drips from their eyes and snakes twine in their hair in their hands they bear either a dagger Scourge torch or serpent when they pursued orestes they

Constantly held up a mirror to his horrified gaze in which he beheld the face of his murdered mother these divinities were also called Humanities which signifies the well-meaning or soothed goddess this appellation was given to them because they were so feared and dreaded that people dared not call them by their

Proper title and hoped by this means to propitiate their wrath in later times the furies came to be regarded as salutary agencies who by severely punishing sin upheld the cause of Morality In social order and thus contributed to the welfare of mankind they now lose their a inspiring aspect

And are represented more especially in Athens as Earnest maidens dressed like Artemis in short tunics suitable for the chase but still retaining in their hands the wand of office in the form of a snake their sacrifices consisted of black sheep and a libation composed of a mixture of honey and water called

Nephalia a celebrated Temple was erected to the humanities at Athens near the areopagus moirai or Fates Pary the Ancients believed that the duration of human existence and the Destinies of Mortals were regulated by three sister goddesses called clo lisus and atropos who were the daughters of Zeus and

Themis the power which they wielded over the fate of man was significantly indicated under the figure of a thread which they spun out for the life of each human being from his birth to the Grave this occupation they divided between them clo wound the flax around the

Distaff ready for her sister lisus who span out the thread of Life which atropos with her scissors relentlessly snapped aunder when the career of an individual was about to terminate Homer speaks of one Moira only the daughter of Knight who represents the moral Force by which the universe is

Governed and to whom both Mortals and Immortals were forced to submit Zeus himself being powerless to avert her decrees but in later times this conception of one inexurable all-conquering fate became Amplified by The Poets into that above described and the moirai are henceforth the special presiding deities over the life and death of

Mortals The moirai are represented by The Poets as Stern inexorable female divinities aged hideous and also lame which is evidently meant to to indicate the slow and halting March Of Destiny which they controlled painters and sculptors on the other hand depicted them as beautiful maidens of a grave but kindly

Aspect there is a Charming representation of lisus which depicts her in all the grace of Youth and Beauty she is sitting spinning and at her feet lie two masks one comic the other tragic as though to convey the idea that to a Divinity of Fate the brightest and

Saddest scenes of of Earthly existence are alike and different and that she quietly and steadily pursues her occupation regardless of human wheel or woe when represented at the feet of aedes in the lower World they are clad in dark robes but when they appear in Olympus they wear bright garments be

Spangled with stars and are seated on radiant Thrones with crowns on their heads it was considered the function of the moirai to indicate to the furies the precise torture which the wicked should undergo for their crimes they were regarded as prophetic divinities and had sanctuaries in many

Parts of Greece the moir are mentioned as assisting the Kates to conduct pranie to the upper world at her periodical reunion with her mother demer they also appear in company with AIA goddess of birth nemesis Nemesis the daughter of Nyx represents that power which adjusts the balance of

Human Affairs by awarding to each individual the Fate which his actions deserve she rewards humble unacknowledged Merit punishes crime deprives the worthless of undeserved Good Fortune humiliates the proud and overbearing and visits all evil on the wrongdoer thus maintaining that proper balance of things which the Greek recognized as a necessary condition of

All civilized life but though Nemesis in her original character was the distributor of rewards as well as punishments the world was so full of sin that she found but little occupation in her first capacity and hence became finally regarded as the avenging goddess only we have seen a striking instance of

The manner in which this Divinity punishes the proud and arrogant in the history of naobi a Apollo and Artemis were merely the instruments for avenging the insult offered to their mother but it was Nemesis who prompted the deed and presided over its execution Homer makes no mention of

Nemesis it is therefore evident that she was a conception of later times when higher views of morality had obtained among the Greek Nation Nemesis is represented as a beautiful woman of thoughtful and benign aspect and Regal bearing a diadem crown s her Majestic brow and she bears in her

Hand a Rudder balance and Cubit fitting emblems of the manner in which she guides weighs and measures all human events she is also sometimes seen with a wheel to symbolize the rapidity with which she executes justice as the Avenger of evil she appears winged bearing in her hand

Either a Scourge or a sword and seated in a chariot drawn by Griffins nemes is frequently called adrastia and also Ramia from ramus in ateka the chief seat of her worship which contained a celebrated statue of the Goddess Nemesis was worshiped by the Romans who invoked her on the capital as

A Divinity who possessed the power of averting the pernicious consequences of Envy end of section 14 section 15 third Dynasty Knight and her children NX through Aeros and psyche Nix nox NX the daughter of chaos being the personification of night was according to the poetic ideas of the Greeks

Considered to be the mother of everything mysterious and inexplicable such as death sleep dreams Etc she became came United to arabus and their children were ether and Hamera air and daylight evidently a simile of The Poets to indicate that Darkness always precedes light Nicks inhabited a palace

In the dark regions of the lower world and is represented as a beautiful woman seated in a chariot drawn by two black horses she is clothed in dark robes wears a long Veil and and is accompanied by the Stars which follow in her train Thanatos Ms and hypnus

Somnus Thanatos death and his twin brother hypnus sleep were the children of Nicks their dwelling was in the realm of Shades and when they appear among Mortals Thanatos is feared and hated as the enemy of mankind whose hard heart knows no pity while he brother hypnus is universally loved and welcomed as their

Kindest and most beneficient friend but though the Ancients regarded Thanatos as a gloomy and mournful Divinity they did not represent him with any exterior repulsiveness on the contrary he appears as a beautiful youth who holds in his hand an inverted torch emblematical of the light of life being extinguished

While his disengaged arm is thrown lovingly around the shoulder of his brother hypnus hypnus is sometimes depicted standing erect with closed eyes at others he is in a recumbent position beside his brother Thanatos and usually Bears a poppy stalk in his hand a most interesting description of the Abode of

Hypnus is given by oid in his metamorphosis he tells us how the god of sleep dwelt in a mountain cave near the Realm of the samarians which the Sun never pierced with his Rays no sound Disturbed the Stillness no song of birds not a branch moved and no human voice broke the

Profound silence which rained everywhere from the lowermost rocks of the cave issued the river Ley and one might almost have supposed that its course was arrested were it not for the low monotonous hum of the water which invited slumber the entrance was partially hidden by numberless white and

Red poppies which mother Knight had gathered and planted there and from the juice of which she extracts drowsiness which she scatters in liquid drops all over the Earth as soon as the Sun God has sunk to rest in the center of the cave stands a couch of blackest ebony

With a bed of down over which is laid a covet of sable Hue here the God himself reposes surrounded by innumerable forms these are idle dreams more numerous than the Sands of the sea Chief among them is Morpheus that change for God who may assume any shape or form he pleases nor

Can the god of sleep resist his own power for though he may Rouse himself for a while he soon succumbs to The Drowsy influences which surround him Morpheus Morpheus the son of hypnus was the god of Dreams he’s always represented winged and appears sometimes as a youth sometimes as an old man in

His hand he Bears a cluster of poppies and as he steps with noisess footsteps over the Earth he gently scatters the seeds of this sleep producing plant over the eyes of weary Mortals Homer describes the house of dreams as having two gates one when to issue all deceptive and flattering Visions being

Formed of ivory the other through which proceed those dreams which are fulfilled of horn the gorgens the gorgens steno Uriel and Medusa were the three daughters of forces and Sito and were the personification of those Ben numbing and as it were petrifying Sensations which resulted from Sudden and extreme

Fear they were frightful winged monsters whose bodies were covered with scales hissing wriggling snakes cluttered around their heads instead of hair their hands were of brass their teeth resembled the tusks of a wild boar and their whole aspect was so appalling that they are said to have turned into stone

All who beheld them these terrible sisters were supposed us to dwell in that remote and mysterious region in the Far West Beyond The Sacred stream of Oceanus the gorgens were the Servants of ades who made use of them to terrify and overall those Shades doomed to be kept

In a constant state of unrest as a punishment for their misdeeds whilst the furies on their part scored them with their whips and tortured them incessantly the most celebrated of the three sisters was Medusa who alone was Mortal she was originally a goldenhair and very beautiful Maiden Who as a

Priestess of Athen was devoted to a life of celibacy but being wooed by Poseidon whom she loved in return she forgot her vows and became United to him in marriage for this offense she was punished by the goddess in a most terrible manner each wavy lock of the beautiful hair

Which had so Charmed her husband was changed into a venomous snake her once Gentle Love inspiring eyes now became bloodshot Furious orbs which excited fear and disgust in the mind of the beholder whilst her former rosette Hue and milk white skin assumed a loathsome green tinge seeing herself thus transformed

Into so repulsive an object Medusa fled from her home never to return wandering about aboard dreaded and shunned by all the world she now developed into a character worthy of her outward appearance in her despair she fled to Africa where as she passed restlessly from place to place infant snakes

Dropped from her hair and thus according to the belief of the Ancients that country became the hot bed of these venomous reptiles with the curse of Athen upon her she turned into stone whomsoever she gazed upon till at last after a life of nameless misery Deliverance came to her

In the shape of death at the hands of Perseus It is Well to observe that when the Gorgons are spoken of in the singular it is Medusa who is alluded to Medusa was the mother of Pegasus and CH father of the three-headed winged giant jerion who was slain by Heracles

Gy the gy who acted as servants to their sisters the gorgens were also three in number their names were beo Eno and Dino in their original conception they were merely personifications of kindly and venerable old age possessing all its benevolent attributes without its natural infirmities they were old and

Grave from their birth and so they ever remained in later times however they came to be regarded as misshapen females decrepit and hideously ugly having only one eye one tooth and one gray wig between them which they lent to each other when one of them wished to appear

Before the world when Perseus entered upon this expedition to slay the magusa he repaired to the Adobe of the grii in the Far West to inquire the way to the gorgens and on their refusing to give any information he deprived them of their one eye tooth and wig and did not

Restore them until he received the necessary directions Sphinx the Sphinx was an ancient Egyptian Divinity who personified wisdom and the fertility of nature she is represented as a lion coant with the head and bust of a woman and wears a peculiar sort of hood which completely envelops her head and falls down on

Either side of the face transplanted into grease this Sublime and mysterious Egyptian diety degenerates into an insignificant and yet malignant power and though she also deals in Mysteries they are as we shall see of a totally different character and altogether inimical to human life the Sphinx is represented according to Greek

Genealogy as The Offspring of Typhon and Akida Hera being upon one occasion displeased with thebans sent them this awful monster as a punishment for their offenses taking her seat on a rocky Eminence near the city of Thieves commanding a pass which the thebans were compelled to Traverse in their usual way

Of business she propounded to all commas a riddle and if they failed to solve it she tore them in pieces during the reign of King cron so many people had fallen a sacrifice to this monster that he determined to use every effort to read the country of so

Terrible a scorge on Consulting the Oracle of dely he was informed that the only way to destroy the Sphinx was to solve one of her riddles when she would immediately precipitate herself from The Rock on which she was seated Creon accordingly made a public declaration to the effect that whoever

Could give the true interpretation of a riddle propounded by the monster should obtain the crown and the Hand of his sister jasty edus offered himself as a candidate and proceeding to the spot where she kept guard received from her the following riddle for solution what creature goes in the

Morning on four legs at noon on Two And in the evening on three edus replied that it must be man who during his infancy creeps on all fours in his prime walks erect on two legs and when old age has enfeebled his powers calls a staff

To his assistance and thus has as it were through three legs the Sphinx no sooner heard this reply which was the correct solution of her riddle then she flung herself over the precipice and perished in the abyss below the Greek Sphinx may be recognized by having wings

And by being of smaller Dimensions than the Egyptian Sphinx taii Fortuna and anank necessitous taii Fortuna taii personified that peculiar combination of circumstances which we call luck or fortune and was considered to be the source of all unexpected events in human life where good or evil if a person

Succeeded in all he undertook without possessing any special Merit of his own taii was supposed to have smiled on his birth if on the other hand undeserved ill luck followed him through life and all his efforts resulted in Failure it was ascribed to her adverse influence this goddess of Fortune is variously

Represented sometimes she is depicted bearing in her hand two Rudders with one of which she steers the bark of the fortunate and with the other that of the unfortunate among Mortals in later times she appears blindfolded and stands on a ball or wheel indicative of the fickleness of ever revolving changes

Of Fortune she frequently Bears the scepter and Cornucopia or Horn of Plenty and is usually winged in her Temple at thieves she is represented holding infant plutus in her arms to symbolize her power over riches and prosperity taii was worshiped shied in various parts of Greece but more particularly by the Athenians who

Believed in her special predilection for their City Fortuna Taki was woried in Rome under the name of fortuna and held a position of much greater importance among the Romans than the Greeks in later times Fortuna is never represented either winged or standing on a ball she merely

Bears the conopa it is evident therefore that she had come to be regarded as the goddess of good luck only who brings blessings to man and not as with the Greeks as the personification of the fluctuations of Fortune in addition to Fortuna the Romans worshiped Felicitas as the river of positive Good

Fortune an ani necessitous as an ani taii assumes quite another character and becomes the embodiment of those immutable laws of nature by which certain causes produce certain inevitable results in a statue of this Divinity at Athens she was represented with hands of bronze and surrounded with nails and hammers the

Hands of bronze probably indicated the irresistible power of the inevitable and the hammer and chains the fets which she forged for man an ani was woried in Rome under the name of necessites ker in addition to the Mori who presided over the life of Mortals there was another Divinity called K appointed for

Each human being at the moment of his birth the K belonging to an individual was believed to develop with his growth either for good or evil and when the ultimate fate of a mortal was about to be decided his Cur was weighed in the balance and according to the

Preponderance of its worth or worthlessness life or death was awarded to the human being in question it becomes evident therefore that according to the belief of the early Greeks each individual had in his power to a certain extent to shorten or prolong his own existence the carries who are frequently

Mentioned by Homer were the goddesses who delighted in the slaughter of the battlefield a a the daughter of Zeus and Aris was a Divinity who delighted in evil having instigated Hera to deprive Heracles of his Birthright her father seized her by the hair of her head and hurled her from

Olympus forbidding her under the most solemn imprecations ever to return henceforth she wandered among mankind sowing dissension working mischief and luring men to all actions inimical to their welfare and happiness hence when a Reconciliation took place between friends who had quarreled a was blamed as the original cause of disagreement

Momus momus the son of Nix was the god of riy and ridicule who delighted to criticize with bitter sarcasm the actions of Gods and Men and contrived to discover in all things some defect or blemish thus when Prometheus created the first man momus considered his work incomplete because there was no aperture

In the breast through which his inmost thoughts might be read he also found fault with a house built by ath because being unprovided with the means of locomotion it could never be removed from an unhealthy locality Aphrodite alone defied his criticism for to his great Chron he

Could find no fault with her perfect form in what Manner the Ancients represented this God is unknown in modern art he is depicted like a king’s Jester with a fool’s cap and Bel AOS Cupid Amore and psyche according to H’s the ogyny AOS the Divine Spirit of Love sprang forth

From chaos while all were still in confusion and by his beneficient power reduced to order and Harmony the shapeless conflicting Elements which under his influence began to assume distinct forms this ancient Aeros is is represented as a full grown and very beautiful youth crowned with flowers and

Leaning on a shepherd’s Crook in the course of time this beautiful conception gradually faded away and though occasional mention still continues to be made of the AOS of chaos he is replaced by the son of Aphrodite the popular Mischief loving little god of love so

Familiar to us all in one of the myths concerning AOS Aphrodite is described as complaining to themus that her son though so beautiful did not appear to increase in stature whereupon themus suggested that his small proportions were probably attributable to the fact of his being always alone and advised his mother to

Let him have a companion Aphrodite accordingly gave him as a playfellow his younger brother anteros required love and soon had the gratification of seeing the little AOS begin to grow and Thrive but curious to relate this desirable result only continued as long as the brothers remained together for the moment they

Were separated AOS shrank once more to his original size by degrees the conception of AOS became multiplied and we hear of little love gods Amor who appear under the most charming and diversified forms these love gods who afforded to artists inexhaustible subjects for the exercise of their imagination are represented as

Being engaged in various occupations such as Hunting Fishing rowing driving chariots and even busying themselves in mechanical labor perhaps no myth is more charming and interesting than that of Aeros and psyche which is as follows psyche the youngest of three princesses was so transcendently beautiful that aphrodite

Herself became jealous of her and no mortal dared to Aspire to the honor of her hand as her sisters who were by no means equal to her in attractions were married and Psy still remained unwedded her father consulted the Oracle of delie and in obedience to the Divine response

Caused her to be dressed as though for the grave and conducted to the edge of a yawning precipice no sooner was she alone than she felt herself lifted up and wafted Away by The Gentle West Wind zepherus who transported her to a verdant Meadow in the midst of which

Stood a stately Palace surrounded by Groves and fountains here dwelt Aeros the god of love in whose arms zephrus deposited his lovely burden AOS himself unseen woed her in the softest accents of affection but warned her as she valued his love not to Endeavor to behold his form for

Some time psyche was obedient to the injunction of her Immortal spouse and made no effort to gratify her Natural Curiosity but unfortunately in the midst of her happiness she was seized with an unconquerable longing for the Society of her sisters and in accordance with her desire they were conducted by zephrus to

Her fairy like filled with Envy at the sight of her Felicity they poisoned her mind against her husband and telling her that her unseen lover was a frightful monster they gave her a sharp dagger which they persuaded her to use for the purpose of delivering herself from his power after

The departure of her sisters siki resolved to take the first opportunity of following their malicious counsel she accordingly Rose in the dead of night and taking a lamp in one hand and a dagger in the other stealthily approached the couch where AOS was reposing when instead of the frightful

Monster she had expected to see the beautious form of the god of love greeted her view overcome with surprise and admiration psyche stooped down to gaze more closely on his lovely features when from the lamp which she held in her trembling hand there fell a drop of

Burning oil upon the shoulder of the sleep God who instantly awoke and seeing psyche standing over him with the instrument of death in her hand sorrowfully reproached her for her treacherous designs and spreading out his wings flew away in despair at having lost her lover the unhappy psyche endeavored to put an

End to her existence by throwing herself into the nearest river but instead of closing over her the waters bore her gently to the opposite Bank where pan the god of shepherds received her and consoled her with the hope of becoming eventually reconciled to her husband meanwhile her Wicked sisters in

Expectation of meeting with the same Good Fortune which had befallen psyche placed themselves on the edge of the rock but were both precipitated into the chasm below psyche herself filled with a Restless yearning for her lost love wandered all over the world in search of him at length she appealed to Aphrodite to

Take compassion on her but the goddess of beauty still jealous of her charms imposed upon her the hardest tasks the accomplishment of which often appeared impossible in these she was always assisted by invisible beneficient beings sent to her by AOS who still loved her and continued to watch over her

Welfare psyche had to undergo a long and severe penance before she became worthy to regain the happiness which she had so foolishly trifled away at last Aphrodite commanded her to descend into the underworld and obtain from pany a box containing all the charms of beauty psyche’s courage

Now failed her for she concluded that death must of necessity precede her entrance into the realm of Shades about to abandon herself to despair she heard a voice voice which warned her of every danger to be avoided on her perilous journey and instructed her with regard to certain precautions

To be observed these were as follows not to Omit to provide herself with the Fan’s tall for Chon and the cake to pacify seberus also to refrain from taking any part in the Banquets of 8es and pany and above above all things to bring the box of beauty charms unopened to

Aphrodite in conclusion The Voice assured her that compliance with the above conditions would ensure for her a safe return to the Realms of light but alas SSI who had implicitly followed all injunctions could not withstand the temptation of the last condition and hardly had she quitted the lower

World when unable to resist the Curiosity which devoured her she raised the lid of the box with eager expectation but instead of the wondrous charms of beauty which she expected to behold there issued from the casket a dense black vapor which had the effect of throwing her into a deathlike sleep

Out of which AOS who had long hovered around her unseen at length awoke her with the point of one of his golden arrows he gently reproached her with this second proof of her curiosity and Folly and then having persuaded Aphrodite to be reconciled to his beloved he induced Zeus to admit her

Among The Immortal Gods their reunion was celebrated amidst the rejoicings of all the Olympian deities The Graces shed perfume on their path the hours sprinkled roses over the sky Apollo added the music of his liar and the musers United their voices in a glad chorus of

Delight this myth would appear to be an allegory which signifies that the soul before it can be reunited to its original Divine Essence must be purified by the chastening sorrows and sufferings of its Earthly career Aeros is represented as a lovely boy with rounded Limbs and a merry roguish expression he

Has golden wings and a quiver slung over his shoulder which contained his magical and uniring arrows in one hand he Bears his golden bow and in the other a torch he is also frequently depicted riding on a lion dolphin or eagle or seated in a chariot drawn by Stags or wild boes

Undoubtedly emblematical of the power of love as the subduer of all nature even of the wild animals in Rome AOS is woried under the name of Amore or Cupid end of section 15 section 16 third Dynasty Knight and her children Hyman through the Charities or Graces Hyman

Hyman or Honus the son of Apollo and the Muse urania was the god who presided over marriage and nuptial solemnities and was hence invoked at all marriage festivities there is a myth concerning this Divinity which tells us that Hyman was a beautiful youth of very poor

Parents who fell in love with a wealthy Maiden so far above him in rank that he dared not cherish the hope of ever becoming United to her still he missed no opportunity of seeing her and upon one occasion disguised himself as a girl and joined a troop of Maidens who in

Company with his beloved were proceeding from Athens to Elis in order to attend a festival of DEA on their way thither they were surprised by Pirates who carried them off to a desert island where the Ruffians after drinking deeply fell into a heavy sleep Hyman seizing the

Opportunity slew them all and then set sail for Athens where he found the parents of the maidens in the greatest distress at their unaccountable disappearance he comforted them with the assurance that their children should be restored to them provided they would promise to give him in marriage the

Maiden he loved the condition being gladly complied with he at once returned to the island and brought back the maidens in safety to Athens whereupon he became United to the object of his love and their Union proved so remarkably happy that henceforth the name of Hyman became synonymous with conjugal

Felicity Iris the rainbow Iris the daughter of thorus and Electra personified the rainbow and was the special attendant and messenger of the Queen of Heaven whose commands she executed with singular tact intelligence and swiftness most primitive Nations have regarded the rainbow as a bridge of communication between Heaven and Earth and this is

Doubtless the reason why Iris who represented that beautiful phenomenon of nature should have been invested by the Greeks with the office of communicating between Gods and Men iris is usually represented seated behind the Chariot of Hera ready to do the bidding of her royal mistress she appears under the

Form of a Slender maiden of great Beauty robed in an Airy fabric of variegated Hues resembling mother of pearl her sandals are bright as burnished silver she has golden wings and wherever she appears a Radiance of light and a sweet odor as of delicate spring flowers pervades the air heie

Juventus heie was the person ification of Eternal youth under its most attractive and joyous aspect she was the daughter of Zeus and Hera and though of such distinguished rank is nevertheless represented as cupbearer to the gods a forceable exemplification of the old patriarchal custom in accordance with

Which the daughters of the house even when of the highest lineage personally assisted in serving the guests heie is represented as a comly modest Maiden small of a beautifully rounded Contour with nut brown Tresses and sparkling eyes she is often depicted pouring out nectar from an upraised

Vessel or bearing in her hand a shallow dish supposed to contain Ambrosia the ever youth renewing food of the Immortals in consequence of an act of awkwardness which caused her to slip while serving the Gods heie was deprived of her office which was henceforth delegated to ganim’s son of

Tross heie afterwards became the Bride of Heracles when after his apotheosis he was received Among The Immortals Juventus Juventus was the Roman Divinity identified with heie whose attributes however were regarded by the Romans as applying more particularly to the imperishable Vigor and Immortal glory of the state in Rome several temples were

Erected in the honor of this goddess ganimes ganimes the youngest son of Tross king of Troy was one day drawing water from a well on Mount Ida when he was observed by Zeus who struck with his wonderful Beauty sent his Eagle to transport him to Olympus where he was

Endowed with immortality and appointed cup Bearer to the gods ganimes is represented as a youth of exquisite beauty with short golden locks delicately chiseled features beaming blue eyes and pouting lips the muses of all the Olympic dieties none occupy a more distinguished position than the muses the nine beautiful

Daughters of Zeus and neosan in their original signification they presided merely over music song and dance but with the progress of civilization the Arts and Sciences claimed their special presiding divinities and we see these graceful Creations in later times sharing among them various functions such as poetry astronomy Etc the muses were honored

Alike by Mortals and Immortals in Olympus where Apollo acted as their leader no banquet or festivity was considered complete without the joy inspiring presence and on Earth no social Gathering was celebrated without Libations being poured out to them nor was any task involving intellectual effort ever undertaken without earnestly supplicating their

Assistance they endowed their chosen favorites with knowledge wisdom and understanding they bestowed upon the orator the gift of eloquence inspired the poet with his noblest thoughts and the musician with his sweetest harmonies like so many of the Greek divinities however the refined conception of the muses is somewhat

Marred by the assurity with which they punished any effort on the part of Mortals to rival them in their Divine Powers an instance of this is seen in the case of myus Athan Bard who presumed to invite them to a trial of skill in music having vanquished him they not

Only Afflicted him with blindness but deprived him also of the power of song another example of the manner in which the gods punished presumption and vanity is seen in the story of the daughters of King pyrus proud of the Perfection to which they had brought their skill in music

They presumed to challenge the muses themselves in the art over which they especially presided the contest took place on Mount Helicon and it is said that when the Mortal maidens commenced their song the sky became dark and Misty whereas when the muses raised their heavenly voices all nature seemed to

Rejoice and mount Helicon itself moved with exaltation the Pirates were signally defeated and were transformed by the muses into singing birds as a punishment for having dared to challenge comparison with The Immortals undeterred by the above example the sirens also entered into a similar contest the songs of the muses

Were loyal and true whilst those of the sirens were the false and deceptive strains with which so many unfortunate Mariners had been lured to their death the saens were defeated by the muses and as a mark of humiliation were deprived of the feathers with which their bodies were

Adorned the oldest seat of the worship of the muses was piaria in thce where they were supposed to have first seen the light of day Pia is a district on one of the sloping declivities of Mount Olympus when a number of rivulets as they flow towards the plains beneath produce those sweet

Soothing sounds which may possibly have suggested this spot as a fitting home for the presiding divinities of song they dwelt on the Summits of Mount Helicon panassus and pindus and loved to haunt the springs and fountains which gushed forth amidst these Rocky Heights all of which were sacred to them and to

Poetic inspiration agoni and hippoc on Mount Helicon and the Castilian spring on Mount pesus were sacred to the muses the latter flowed between two lofty rocks above the city of deli and in ancient times its Waters were introduced into a square Stone Basin where they were retained for the use of

Pithia and the priests of Apollo the Libations to these divinities consisted of water milk and honey but never of wine their names and functions are as follows calop the most honored of the muses presided over heroic song and epic poetry and is represented with a pencil

In her hand and a slate upon her knee Cleo the Muse of History holds in her hand a roll of parchment and wears a wreath of Laurel melom The Muse of tragedy Bears a tragic mask Thalia The Muse of Comedy carries in her right hand a shepherd’s Crook and has a

Comic mask beside her polymnia the Muse of sacred hymns is crowned with a wreath of Laurel she is always represented in a thoughtful attitude and entirely enveloped in Rich folds of drapery tser The Muse of dance and round delay is represented in the act of playing on a seven string

Deia urania The Muse of astronomy stands erect and bears in her left hand a Celestial Globe utpe The Muse of Harmony is represented bearing a musical instrument usually a flute arat The Muse of love and him Neal songs wears a wreath of Laurel and striking the cords of a liar with regard

To the origin of the muses it is said that they were created by Zeus in answer to a request on the part of the Victorious dieties after the war with the Titans that some special divinities should be called into existence in order to commemorate in song The Glorious Deeds of the Olympian gods

Pegasus Pegasus was a beautiful winged horse who sprang from the body of Medusa when she was slain by the hero pereus the son of Zeus and den spreading out his wings he immediately flew to the top of Mount Olympus where he was received with delight and admiration by all the

Immortals a place in his Palace was assigned to him by Zeus who employed him to carry his thunder and lightning Pegasus permitted none but the gods to mount him EX except in the case of bapon whom at the command of athe he carried a loft in order that he might slay the

Chimera with his arrows the later poets represent Pegasus as being at the service of the muses and for this reason he is more celebrated in modern times than in Antiquity he would appear to represent that poetical inspiration which tends to develop man’s higher nature and causes the mind to s

Heavenwards the only mention of the Ancients of Pegasus in connection with the muses is the story of his having produced with his hoofs the famous Fountain hippocrene it is said that during their contest with the parietes the muses played and sang on the summit of Mount Helicon with such extraordinary power

And sweetness that heaven and Earth Stood Still to listen whilst the mountain raised itself in joyous ecstasy towards the Abode of the celestial Gods Poseidon seeing his special function thus interfered with sent Pegasus to check the boldness of the mountain in daring to move without his permission when Pegasus reached the summit he

Stamped the foot with his hoofs and out gushed the Waters of hippocrene afterwards so renowned as the sacred Fountain whence the muses quaffed their richest drafts of inspiration the Hesperides the Hesperides the daughters of Atlas dwelt in an island in the Far West whence they derived their name they

Were appointed by Hera to act as Guardians to a tree bearing golden apples which had been presented to her by GAA on the occasion of her marriage with Zeus it is said that the Hesperides being unable to withstand the temptation of tasting the golden fruit confided to

Their care were deprived of their office which was henceforth delegated to the terrible Dragon leadon who now became the ever watchful Sentinel of these precious Treasures the names of the Hesperides were eagle arusa and Hisperia Charities grai Graces all those gentler attributes which beautify and refine human existence were personified by the Greeks

Under the form of three lovely sisters eupen AGA and theia the daughters of Zeus and Deuteronomy or according to later writers of dionis and Aphrodite they are represented as beautiful slender maidens in the full bloom of Youth with hands and arms lovingly intertwined and are either undraped or

Wear a fleecy transparent Garment of an ethereal fabric they portray every gentle emotion of the heart which vents itself in friendship and benevolence and were believed to preside over those qualities which constitute Grace modesty unconscious Beauty gentleness kindliness innocent Joy purity of mind and body and eternal

Youth they not only possessed the most perfect Beauty themselves but also conferred this gift gift upon others all the enjoyments of Life were enhanced by their presence and were deemed incomplete without them and wherever Joy or pleasure Grace and gity reigned there they were supposed to be present temples

And altars were everywhere erected in their honor and people of all ages and every rank in life entreated their favor incense was burnt daily upon their altars and at every banquet they were invoked and a libation poured out to them as they not only heightened all enjoyment but also by their refining

Influence moderated the exciting effects of wine music eloquence poetry and art though the direct work of the muses received at the hands of The Graces an additional Touch of refinement and Beauty for which reason they are always regarded as the friends of the muses with whom they lived on Mount Olympus

Their special function was to act in conjunction with the seasons as attendance upon Aphrodite whom they adorned with wreaths of flowers and she emerges from their hands like the queen of spring perfumed with the odor of roses and violets and all sweet scented blossoms The Graces are frequently seen

In attendance on other divinities thus they carry music for Apollo myrtles for Aphrodite Etc and frequently accompany the muses Aeros or dionis end of section 16 section 17 third Dynasty KN and her children hory through esus hory Seasons closely Allied to The Graces were the H or Seasons who were also

Represented as three beautiful maidens Daughters of Zeus and Themis their names were yomia Dice and Irene it may appear strange that these divinities presiding over the seasons should be but three in number but this is quite in accordance with the Notions of the ancient Greeks who only recognized Spring Summer and Autumn as

Seasons nature being supposed to be wrapped in death or Slumber during that cheerless and unproductive portion of the year which we call Winter in some parts of Greece there were but two Hy pH goddess of the bloom and carpo of the Corn and fruit bearing season the H are always regarded as

Friendly towards bkind and totally devoid of G or subtlety they are represented as joyous but gentle maidens crowned with flowers and holding each other by the hand in a round dance when they are depicted separately as personifications of the different seasons the horror representing spring appears Laden with

Flowers that of Summer Bears a shef of corn whilst the personification of autumn has her hands filled with clusters of grapes and other fruits they also appear in company with The Graces in the train of Aphrodite and are seen with Apollo and the muses they are inseparably connected

With all that is good and beautiful in nature and as the regular alternation of the seasons like all her other operations demands the most perfect order and regularity the Hy being the daughters of Themis came to be regarded as the representatives of order and the just administration of human Affairs in civil civilized

Communities each of these graceful maidens took upon herself a separate function unia presided more especially over State life dice guarded the interests of individuals whilst Irene the gayest and brightest of the three sisters was the light-hearted companion of dionis the Hy were also the dieties of the fast fleeting hours and thus

Presided over the smaller as well as the larger divisions of time in this capacity they assist every morning in yoking the celestial horses to the Glorious Chariot of the sun which they again helped to unyoke when he sinks to rest in their original conception they were personifications of the clouds and

Are described as opening and closing the Gates of Heaven and causing fruits and flowers to Spring forth when they pour down down upon them their refreshing and lifegiving streams the nymphs the graceful beings called the nymphs were the presiding dieties of the woods Grotto streams Meadows Etc these divinities were

Supposed to be beautiful maidens of fairy-like form and robed in more or less shadowy garments they were held in the greatest veneration though being minor divinities they had no temples dedicated to them but or worshipped in caves or grottos with Libations of milk honey oil Etc they may be divided into three distinct

Classes VI water mountain and tree or wood nymphs water nymphs oceanides neres and nardis the worship of water deities is common to most primitive Nations the streams Springs and Fountains of a country bear the same relation to it which the blood Crossing through the numberless arteries of a human being

Bears to the body both represent the living moving life Awakening element without which existence would be impossible hence we find among most Nations a deep feeling of attachment to the streams and Waters of their native land the remembrance of which when absent in foreign climes is always treasured with peculiar

Fondness thus among the early Greeks each tribe came to regard the rivers and springs of its individual State as beneficient Powers which brought blessing and prosperity to the country it is probable also that the charm which ever accompanies the sound of running water exercised its power over their imagination they heard with delight

Light the gentle Whisper Of The Fountain lulling the senses with its low Rippling tones the soft pearling of the brook as it rushes over the Pebbles or the mighty voice of the waterfall as it dashes on its headlong course and the beings which they pictured to themselves as presiding

Over all these Charming sights and sounds of nature corresponded in their graceful appearance with the scenes with which they were associated iated oceanides the oceanides or ocean nymphs were the daughters of oceanis and teus and like most sea divinities were endowed with the gift of Prophecy they are personifications of those delicate vapor-like

Exhalations which in warm climates are emitted from the surface of the sea more especially at Sunset and are impelled forwards by the evening Breeze they are accordingly represented as Misty shadowy beings with graceful swaying forms and robed in pale blue gike Fabrics the neres the neres were the daughters of

Nerus and Doris and were nymphs of the Mediterranean Sea they are similar in appearance to the oceanes but their beauty is of a less shadowy order and is more like that of Mortals they wear a flowing pale green robe their liquid eyes resemble in their clear depths the Lucid Waters of the sea

They inhabit their hair floats carelessly over their shoulders and assumes the greenish tint of the water itself which far from deteriorating from their beauty greatly adds to its effect the neres either accompany The Chariot of the mighty ruler of the sea or follow in his train they are told by the poets

That the lonely Mariner watches the neres with silent awe and wondering Delight as they rise from their Grotto palaces in the deep and dance in joyful groups over the sleeping waves some with arms entwined follow with their movements The Melodies which seem to hover over the sea whilst others

Scatter liquid gems around these being emblematical of the phosphorescent light so frequently observed at Night by The Traveler in southern Waters the best known of the NES were thetus the wife of pelus antiy the spouse of Poseidon and galaya the Beloved of asses the nades the nades were the NYSE of

Freshwater Springs Lakes Brooks Rivers Etc as the trees plants and flowers owed their nourishment to their genial fostering care these divinities were regarded by the Greeks as special benefactors to mankind like all the nymphs they possess the gift of Prophecy for which reason many of the springs and

Fountains over which they presided were believed to inspire Mortals who drank of their Waters with the power of foretelling future events the nades are intimately connected in idea with those flowers which are called after them NY or water lies whose broad green leaves and yellow cups float upon the surface

Of the water as though proudly conscious of their own grace and beauty we often hear of the NES forming alliances with Mortals and also of their being woed by the silver deities of the woods and Dales dryads or tree nymphs the tree nymphs partook of the distinguishing characteristics of the

Particular tree to whose life they were wedded and were known collectively by the name of the dryads the HR dryads or Oak nymphs represent in their peculiar individuality the quiet self-reliant power which appears to belong essentially to the Grand and lordly King of the Forest the Birch nymph is a

Melancholy Maiden with floating hair resembling the branches of the pale and fragile looking tree which she inhabits the beach nymph is strong and sturdy full of life and joyousness and appears to give promise of faithful love and undisturbed Repose whilst her Rosy Cheeks deep brown eyes and graceful form

Be speak Health Vigor and vitality the nymph of the linden tree is represented as a little koi Maiden whose short silver gray dress reaches a little below the knee and displays to Advantage her delicately formed limbs the sweet face which is partly averted reveals a pair of large Blue Eyes which appear to

Look at you with wondering surprise and shy mistrust her pale golden hair is bound by the faintest streak of rose colored ribbon the tree nymph being wedded to the life of the tree she inhabited ceased to exist when it was either filed or so injured as to wither

Away and die nymphs of the valleys and mountains nepi and orades the nepi were the kind and gentle nymphs of the valleys and Glenn who appear in the train of emus they are represented as lovely maidens with short tunics which reaching only to the knee do not impede their Swift and graceful

Movements in the exercise of the chase their pale Brown Tresses are fastened in a knot at the back of the head whence a few stray curls Escape over their shoulders the nepi are shy as the fs and quiet as frolicsome the orades or Mountain NS who are the principal and constant

Companions of Artemus are tall graceful maidens attired as huntresses they are Ardent followers of the Chase and spare neither the gentle deer nor the timid hair nor indeed any animal they meet within their rapid course wherever their wild Hunt goes the shy nap are represented as hiding behind the leaves

Whilst their favorites the fors kneel tremblingly beside them looking up beseechingly for protection from the wild huntresses and even the Bal saers Dart away at their approach and seek safety in Flight there is a myth connected with one of these Mountain nymphs the unfortunate Echo she became in a m of a

Beautiful youth named narcissus son of the river god sephus who however failed to return her love which so grieved her that she gradually pined away becoming a mere shadow of her former self till at length nothing remained of her except her voice which henceforth gave back with uniring Fidelity every sound that

Was uttered in the hills and dals narcissus himself also met with an unhappy fate for Aphrodite punished him by causing him to fall in love with his own image which he beheld in a neighboring Fountain whereupon consumed with unrequited love he wasted away and was changed into a flower which Bears his

Name the liones or meon nymphs resemble the Naes and are usually represented dancing hand inand in a circle the hiades who in appearance are somewhat similar to the oceanes are cloudy divinities and from the fact of their being invariably accompanied by rain are represented as incessantly weeping the meles were the nymphs who

Presided over fruit trees before concluding this subject attention should be drawn to the fact that in more modern times this beautiful idea of animating all nature in detail reappears under the various local Traditions extent in different countries thus do the oceanes and Nares live again in the mermaids whose

Existence is still believed in by Mariners whilst the flower and the meadowy assume the shape of those tiny elves and fairies who were formerly believed to hold their midnight rebels in every wood and on every common indeed even at the present day the Irish peasantry especially in the west firmly

Believe in the existence of the fairies or good people as they are called the winds a according to the oldest accounts eolis was a king of the eolian islands to whom Zeus gave the command of the Winds which he kept shut up in a deep cave and which he Freed at his

Pleasure or at the command of the Gods in later times the above belief underwent a change and the winds came to be regarded as distinct divinities whose aspect accorded with the respective winds with which they were identified they were depicted as winged youths in full Vigor in the act of flying through the

Air the principal winds were boreus the north wind Urus the East Wind zephrus the West Wind and notus the south wind who was said to be the children of EOS and astrias there are no myths of Interest connected with these divinities zephrus was United to chlorus Flora the goddess of flowers of boreus

It is related that while flying over the river elsis he beheld on the banks Oria the Charming daughter of Reus king of Athens whom he carried off to his native thce and there made her his bride boreus and orthia were the parents of zetes and Cay afterwards famous in the Expedition of the

Argonauts there was an altar erected at Athens in honor of bar in commemoration of his having destroyed the Persian Fleet sent to attack the Greeks on the Acropolis at Athens there was a celebrated octagonal temple built by Pericles which was dedicated to the winds and on its sides were their various

Representations the ruins of this Temple are still to be seen pan foress pan was the god of fertility and the special patron of Shepherds and Huntsmen he presided over all rural occupations was chief of the saes and head of all rural divinities according to the common

Belief he was the son of Hermes and a wood nymph and came into the world with horns sprouting from his forehead a goat’s beard head and a crooked nose pointed ears and the tail and feet of a goat and presented all together so repulsive in appearance that at the

Sight of him his mother fled in dismay Hermes however took up his curious little Offspring wrapped him in a hair skin and carried him in his arms to Olympus the grotesque form and merry antics of the little stranger made him a great favorite with all the Immortals especially dionis and they bestowed upon

Him the name of pan all because he had delighted them all his favorite haunts were Grotto and his Delight was to wander in uncontrolled Freedom over rocks and mountains following his various Pursuits ever cheerful and usually very noisy he was a great lover of Music singing dancing and all Pursuits which enhance

The pleasures of life and hence in spite of his repulsive appearance we see him surrounded with nymphs of the forests and Dales who love to dance around him to the cheerful music of his pipe the snx the myth concerning the origin of Pan’s pipe is as follows pan became in a

Mod of a beautiful nymph called synx who appalled at his terrible appearance fled from the pertinacious attentions of her unwelcome sutor he pursued her to the banks of the river leadon when seeing his near approach and feeling Escape impossible she called on the gods for assistance who in answer to

Her prayer transformed her into a reed just as pan was about to seize her whilst the lovesick pan was sighing and lamenting his unfortunate fate the winds gently swayed the reads and produced a murmuring sound as of one complaining Charmed with the soothing tones he endeavored to reproduce them

Himself and after cutting seven of the reads of unequal length he joined them together and succeeded in producing the pipe which he called the synx in memory of his lost love pay was regarded by Shepherds as their most Valiant protector who defended their flocks from the attacks

Of wolves the Shepherds of these Early times have no penfolds were in the habit of gathering together their flocks in Mountain caves to protect them against the inclemency of the weather and also to secure them at night against the attacks of wild animals these caves therefore which were very numerous in

The mountain districts of Arcadia boaa Etc were all consecrated to pan as it is customary in all tropical climates to Repose during the heat of the day pan is represented as greatly enjoying his afternoon sleep in the cool shelter of a tree or cave and also as being highly displeased at any sound

Which Disturbed his Slumbers for which reason the Shepherds were always particularly careful to keep unbroken silence during these hours whilst they themselves indulged in a quiet Siesta pan was usually beloved by Huntsman being himself a great lover of the woods which afforded to his cheerful and active dispos position full scope

And in which he loved to range at will he was regarded as the patron of the Chase and the rural Sportsman returning from an unsuccessful day sport beat in token of their displeasure the wooden image of pan Which always occupied a prominent place in their dwellings all sudden and unaccountable sounds which

Startled Travelers in lonely spots were attributed to pan who possessed a frightful most discordant voice hence the term Panic Terror to indicate sudden fear the Athenians ascribed their victory at Marathon to the alarm which he created among the Persians by his terrible voice pan was gifted with the

Power of Prophecy which he is said to have imparted to Apollo and he possessed a well-known and very ancient Oracle in Arcadia in which state he was more especially worshiped the artists of later times have somewhat toned down the original very unattractive conception of pan as above

Described and merely represent him as a Young Man hardened by the exposure to all weathers which a rural life involves and bearing in his hand the shepherd’s Crook and siren these being his usual attributes whilst small horns project from his forehead he is either undraped or wears merely a light cloak called the

Clam the usual offerings to pan were milk and honey in Shepherd’s bowls cows lambs and Rams were also sacrificed to him after the introduction of pan into the worship of dionis we hear of a number of little pans panish who are sometimes confounded with the saers foress the Romans had an older Ian

Divinity called forus who as the god of shepherds was identified with the Greek pan and represented in a similar manner forus is frequently called inuus or the fertilizer and leus or the one who Wards off wolves like pan he possessed the gift of Prophecy and was the presiding Spirit of the woods and

Fields he also shared with his Greek prototype The Faculty of alarming Travelers in solitary places bad dreams and evil apparitions were attributed to foress and he was believed to enter houses stealthily at night for this purpose fora was the wife of forus and participated in his

Functions the saes the saers were a race of Woodland spirits who evidently personified the free Wild and untrammeled life of the forest their appearance was both grotesque and repulsive they had flat broad noses pointed ears and little horns sprouting from their foreheads a rough Shaggy skin and small goats

Tails they led a life of pleasure and self-indulgence followed the chase reveled in every description of wild music and dancing were terrible wine bers and addicted to to the Deep Slumbers which follow heavy potations they were no less dreaded by Mortals than by The Gentle Woodland nymphs who always avoided their coarse

Rough Sports the saers were conspicuous figures in the train of dionis and as we have seen selenis their Chief was tutor to the wine God the older saers were called silence and are represented in antique sculpture as more nearly approaching the human form in addition to the ordinary saers

Artists delighted in depicting little saers young imps frolicking about the woods in a marvelous variety of draw attitudes these little fellows greatly resemble their friends and companions the pishi in rural districts it was customary for the Shepherds and peasants who attended the festivals of dionis to dress themselves in the skins of goats

And other animals and under this disguise they permitted themselves all kinds of playful tricks and excesses to which Circumstance the conception of the satis is by some authorities attributed in Rome the old Italian wood divinities the fors who had goats feet and all other characteristics of the saas greatly exaggerated were identified

With them priapus priapus the son of dionis and Aphrodite was regarded as the god of fruitfulness the protect of flocks sheep goats bees the fruit of the vine and all Garden produce his statues which were set up in gardens and Vineyards acted not only as objects of worship but also as scarecrows the

Appearance of this God being especially repulsive and unsightly these statues were formed of wood or stone and from the hips downwards were merely rude columns they represent him as having a red and very ugly face he bears in his hand a pruning knife and his head is crowned with a

Wreath of Vine and Laurel he usually carries fruit in his garments or a cornucopia in his hand always however retaining his singularly revolting aspect it is said that Hera wishing to punish Aphrodite sent her this misshapen and unsightly son and that when he was born his mother was so horrified at the

Sight of him that she ordered him to be exposed on the mountains where he was found by some Shepherds who taking pity on him saved his life this Divinity was chiefly worshiped at lampsacus his birthplace asses were sacrificed to him and he received the first fruits of the

Fields and Gardens with a libation of milk and honey the worship of priapus was introduced into Rome at the same time as that of Aphrodite and was identified with a native Italian Divinity named maunus esus esculapius esclipus the son of The Healing Art was the son of Apollo and the nymph

Coronus he was educated by the noble Centaur Kiron who instructed him in all knowledge but more especially in that of the properties of herbs esclipus searched out the hidden powers of plants and discovered cures for the various diseases which afflict the human body he brought his art to such

Perfection that he not only succeeded in witing off death but also restored the dead to life it was popularly believed that he was materially assisted in his wonderful cures by the blood of the Medusa given to him by Palace Athen It is Well to observe that the shrines of this Divinity which were

Usually built in healthy places on Hills outside the town or near Wells which were believed to have healing powers offered at the same time means of cure for the sick and suffering thus combining religious with sanitary influences it was the custom for the sufferer to sleep in the temple when if

He had been Earnest in his devotions a scus appeared to him in a dream and revealed the means to be employed for the Cure of his malady on the walls of these temples were hung tablets inscribed by the different pilgrims with the particulars of their maladies the remedies practiced and the

Cures worked by the god a custom undoubtedly productive of most beneficial results Groves temples and altars were dedicated to esclipus in many parts of Greece but epidor the chief seat of his worship where indeed it is said to have originated contained his principal Temple which served at the same time as a

Hospital the statue of esclipus in the temple at epidor was formed of Ivory and gold and represented him as an old man with a full beard leaning on a staff round which a serpent is climbing the serpent was the distinguishing symbol of this Divinity partly because these reptiles were greatly used by the

Ancients in the Cure of diseases and partly also because all the prudence and wisdom of the serpent were deemed indispensable to the judicious physician his usual attributes are a staff a ball a bunch of herbs a pineapple a dog and a serpent his children inherited for the most part the distinguished talents of

Their father two of his sons maon and pelus accompanied Agamemnon to the Trojan War in which Expedition they became renowned not only as military Heroes but also as skillful Physicians their sisters hiy health and Panacea or healing had temples dedicated to them and received Divine honors the

Function of hygia was to maintain the health of the community which great blessing was supposed to be brought by her as a direct and beneficient gift from the gods esculapius the worship of esculapius was introduced into Rome from epidor whence the statue of the god of healing was brought at the

Time of a great pestilence grateful for their deliverance from this plague the Romans erected a temple in his honor on an island near the mouth of the Tiber end of section 17 section 18 of myths and legends Roman divinities Janus from the earliest ages Janus was regarded by the Romans with the utmost

Affection and veneration as a Divinity who ranked only second to Jupiter himself and through whom all prayers and petitions were transmitted to the other gods he was believed to preside over the beginnings of all things hence it was he who inaugurated the years months and

Seasons and in course of time came to be considered as specially protecting the beginnings of of all human Enterprises the great importance which the Romans attached to an auspicious commencement as contributing to the ultimate success of an Enterprise accounts for the high estimation in which Janus was held as the god of

Beginnings this Divinity would appear to have been the ancient sun god of the Italian tribes in which capacity he opens and closes the Gates of Heaven every morning and evening hence he was regarded as the doorkeeper of heaven and also as the presiding deity over all

Gates entrances Etc on Earth the fact of his being the god of City Gates which were called ji after him is ascribed however to the following myth after the Abduction of their women by the Romans the sabines in Revenge invaded the Roman State and were already about to enter

The gates of the city when suddenly a hot Sulfur Spring which was believed to have been sent by Janis for their special preservation gushed forth from the earth and arrested the progress of the enemy see footnote 179 in his character as guardian of gates and doors he was also regarded as

A protecting deity of the home for which reason little shrines were erected to him over the doors of houses which contained an image of the god having two faces Janice possessed no temples in the ordinary acceptation of the world but all the gates of cities were dedicated

To him close to the Forum of Rome stood the so-called Temple of Janus which however was merely an arched passage closed by Massive Gates this Temple was only open in time of War as it was supposed that the God had then taken his departure with the Roman army over whose

Welfare he personally presided it is worthy of notice as an Evidence of the many wars in which the Romans were engaged that the gates of this Sanctuary were only closed three times during 700 years years as The God Who ushers in the New Year the first month was called after

Him and on the 1 of January his most important Festival was celebrated on which occasion all entrances of public and private buildings were decorated with Laural branches and garlands of flowers his sacrifices consisting of cakes wine and barley were offered to him at the beginning of every month and

Before sacrificing to the other gods his name was always invoked and a libation poured out to him Janus is usually represented with two faces in his special function as doorkeeper of Heaven he stands erect bearing a key in one hand and a rod or scepter in the

Other it is supposed that Janus was the most ancient king of Italy who during his life governed his subjects with such wisdom and moderation that in gratitude for the benefits conferred upon them his people deified him after death and placed them in the foremost rank among their divinities we have already seen in

The history of cronis that Saturn who was identified with the Greek cronis god of time was the friend and colleague of Janus anxious to prove his gratitude to his benefactor cronis endowed him with the knowledge of past and future events C footnote 180 which enabled him to adopt the wisest measures for the

Welfare of his subjects and it is on this account that Janus is represent presented with two faces looking in opposite directions the one to the past the other to the Future Flora Flora was the goddess of flowers and was regarded as a beneficent power who watched over and protected the early

Blossoms she was held in the highest estimation by the Romans and a festival called the floralia was celebrated in her honor from the 28th of April to the 1st of May this Festival was a season of universal marment in which flowers were used profusely in adorning houses

Streets Etc and were worn by young girls in their hair Flora who typify the season of spring is generally represented as a lovely Maiden garlanded with flowers robigus in opposition to Flora we find an antagonistic Divinity called robigus a worker of evil who delighted in the destruction of the tender herbs by Milo

And whose wrath could only be averted by prayers and sacrifices when he was invoked under the title of aunus or the aor the Festival of robigus the robag Galia was celebrated on the 25th of April Pomona Pomona was the goddess of orchards and fruit trees who according

To ID cares not for Woods or streams but loves her Gardens and the boughs that bear the thriving fruit Pomona who typifies Autumn is represented as a lovely Maiden Laden with branches of fruit trees see footnote 181 vertumnus vertumnus was the god of garden and field produce he personifies

The change of seasons and that process of transformation in nature by means of which the leaf buds become developed into blossoms and the blossoms into Fruit the change of seasons is symbolized in myth which represents vertumnus as metamorphosing himself into a variety of different forms in order to

Gain the affection of Pomona who so loved her vocation that she abjured all thoughts of marriage he first appears to her as a Plowman typifying spring then as a Reaper to represent summer afterwards as a Vine gatherer to indicate Autumn and finally as a gray-haired old woman symbolical of the

Snows of winter but if it was not until he assumed his true form that of a beautiful youth that he succeeded in his suit vertumnus is generally represented crowned with wheat sheaves and bearing in his hand a cornucopia pales pales a very ancient Italian Divinity is represented sometimes as a

Male sometimes as a female power as a male Divinity he is more particularly the god of Shepherd birds and flocks as a female deity pales presides over husbandry and the fruitfulness of herds her festivals the pilia were celebrated on the 21st of April the day on which

The city of Rome was founded during this Festival it is customary for Shepherds to ignite a mass of straw through which they rushed with their flocks believing that this ordeal would purify them from sin the name Palatine which originally signif ified a pastoral colony is derived from this Divinity her offerings

Were cakes and milk see foot note 182 picus picus the son of Saturn and father of Fus was a woodland Divinity gifted with prophetic Powers an ancient myth relates that picus was a beautiful youth United to a nymph called cannons the Sorceress cersi infatuated by his Beauty

Endeavored to secure his love but he rejected her advances and she in Revenge changed him to a woodpecker under which form he still retained his powers of Prophecy picus is represented as a youth with a woodpecker purched upon his head which bird became henceforth regarded as possessed of the power of

Prophecy picumnus and pilumnus picumnus and pilumnus were two household divinities of the Romans who were the special presiding dat IES of newborn infants sylvanis sylvanis was a woodland Divinity who like Faus greatly resembled the Greek pan he was the presiding deity of plantations and forests and especially protected the boundaries of

Fields sylvanis is represented as a hail old man carrying a cypress tree for according to Roman mythology the transformation of the youth cyparissus into the tree which Bears his name was attributed to him his sacrifices consisted of milk meat wine grapes wheat ears and pigs Terminus Terminus was the god who

Presided over all boundaries and landmarks he was originally represented by a simple block of stone which in later times became surmounted by a head of this Divinity C footnote 183 numo pompilus the great benefactor of his people anxious to inculcate respect for the rights of prop property specially enjoying the erection of these

Blocks of stone as a durable Monument to Mark the line dividing one property from another he also caused altars to be raised to terminus and instituted his Festival the terminalia which was celebrated on the 23rd of February upon one occasion when Tarin wished to remove the altars of several deities in order

To build a new Temple it is said that Terminus and Juventus alone objected to being displaced this obstinate refusal on their part was interpreted as a good omen signifying that the city of Rome would never lose her boundaries and would remain ever young and vigorous consus consus was the god of

Secret Council the Romans believed that when an idea developed itself spontaneously within the mind of an individual it was consus who had prompted the suggestion this applied however more particularly to plans which resulted satisfactorily and alter was erected to this Divinity on the circus Maximus which was kept always covered

Except during his Festival the conelia which was celebrated on the 18th of August litina litina was the goddess who presided over funerals this Divinity was identified with Venus possibly because the Ancients considered that the Power of Love extended even to the Realms of death her temple in Rome which was

Erected by cus tulus contained all the requisites for funerals and these could either be bought or hired there a register of all deaths which occurred in the city of Rome was kept in this Temple and in order to ascertain the rate of mortality a piece of money was paid by

Command of serus tulus on the demise of each person see footnote 184 lerna lerna was the presiding goddess of Thieves and of all artifice and fraud there were was an altar erected to her near the Porto lalis which was called after her and she possessed a sacred grove on the Via salivia

Komus komus was the presiding Genius of Banquets festive scenes rry and all joyous pleasures and Reckless gity he is represented as a Young Man crowned with flowers his face heated and flushed with wine leaning against a post in a half sleepy and drunken attitude with a torch falling from his hand the

Cay the cay were prophetic nymphs held in high veneration by the ancient Italians they were four in Number the best known of whom are carmenta and egeria carmenta was celebrated as being the mother of iander who led an Arcadian Colony into Italy and founded a town on the river Tyber which became afterwards

Incorporated with the city of Rome Evander is said to have been the first who introduced Greek art and civilization into Italy and also the worship of Greek divinities a temple was erected to carmenta on the capitol lion Hill and a festival called the Calia was celebrated

In her Honor on the 11th of January egeria is said to have initiated Numa pompilus in the forms of religious worship which he introduced among his people she was regarded as The Giver of Life and was therefore invoked by women before the birth of their children C footnote

185 the Kay are frequently identified by Roman writers with the muses gen a comforting and assuring belief existed among the Romans that each individual was accompanied through life from the hour of his birth to that of his death by a protecting Spirit called his genius who prompted him to

Good and Noble deeds and acted towards him as a guardian angel comforting him in sorrow and guiding him throughout his Earthly career in the course of time a second genius was believed to exist of an evil nature who as the instigator of all wrongdoing was ever at war with the

Beneficent genius and on the issue of the conflict between these antagonistic influences depended the fate of the individual the geni were depicted as winged beings greatly resembling our modern representations of guardian angels every state town or city as well as every man possessed its special genius the sacrifices to the geni

Consisted of wine cakes and incense which were offered to them on birthdays the genius which guided a woman was called after the Queen of Heaven Juno among the Greeks beings called Damons were regarded as exercising similar functions to those of the Roman geni they were believed to be

The spirits of the righteous race which existed in in the Golden Age who watched over mankind carrying their prayers to the gods and the gifts of the Gods to them Mains lemur larve and Lis the mains were the spirits of The Departed and were of two kinds vis a

Lemur or larve and Lis C footnote 186 the liur were those Mains who haunted their former abodes on Earth as evil spirits appearing at night under awful forms and hideous shapes greatly to the alarm of their friends and relatives they were so feared that a festival called the LI moralia was

Celebrated in order to propitiate them it appears extremely probable that these superstitions with regard to ghosts haunted houses Etc which exist even at the present day owe their origin to this very ancient Pagan Source the laes familiares were a much more pleasing conception they were the spirits of the ancestors of each family

Who exercised after death a protecting power over the well-being and prosperity of the family to which they had in life belonged the place of honor beside the Hearth was occupied by the statue of the L of the house who was supposed to have been the founder of the family this

Statue was the object of profound veneration and was honored on All Occasions by every member of the family A portion of each meal was laid before it and it was believed to take an active part in all family Affairs and domestic events whether of a sad or joyful nature

Before starting on any Expedition the Master of the House saluted the statue of thear and on his return a solemn Thanksgiving was offered to this the presiding deity of his Hearth and Home in grateful acknowledgment of his protection whereupon the statue was crowned with garlands of flowers these

Being the favorite office offerings of the Lis on All Occasions of a special family rejoicing the First Act of a bride on entering her new Abode was to do homage to the L in the belief that he would exercise over her a protecting influence and shield her from evil in addition to

Those above enumerated there were also public Lis who were Guardians of the state High Roads country and sea their temples were always open for any Pious worshipper to enter and on their all alers public sacrifices were offered for the welfare of the state or city C footnote 187

Penates the penates were a deity selected by each family and frequently by its individual members as a special protector various causes led to this selection if for instance a child were born on the Festival of Vesta it was thought that that deity would henceforward act as its special Guardian

If a youth possessed great business talents he adopted Mercury as his tutelary deity should he on the other hand develop a passion for music Apollo was selected as his Patron God and so forth these became regarded as the special divinities of the household small images of them adorned the

Surroundings of the Hearth and honors similar to those paid to the Lis were accorded to them just as there were public Lis so there were public pennates which were worshiped by the Roman people under the form of two youth Warriors who in later times were regarded as identical with caster and Pollock they

Are generally represented on Horseback with conle caps on their heads and bearing long Spears in their hands see footnote 188 end of section 18 section 19 of myths and legends public worship of the ancient Greeks and Romans temples in very remote times the Greeks had no shrines or sanctuaries devoted to public

Worship but performed their devotions beneath the vast and boundless canopy of Heaven in the Great temple of nature itself believing that there are divinities throned above the clouds Pious worshippers naturally sought the highest available points in order to place themselves in the closest communion possible with their gods hence

The Summits of high mountains were selected for devotional purposes and the more exalted the rank and importance of the Divinity invoked the more elevated was the site selected for his or her worship but the inconvenience attending this mode of worship gradually suggested the idea of erecting edifices which

Would afford means of shelter from the inclemency of the weather these structures were in the first instance of the most simple form and without decoration but when with the progress of civilization the Greeks became a wealthy and and powerful people C footnote 189 temples were built and adorned with the greatest Splendor and

Magnificence Talent labor and wealth being lavished unsparingly on their erection and decoration indeed so massively were they constructed that some of them have to a certain extent withstood the ravages of time the city of Athens especially contains numerous remains of these buildings of antiquity on the Acropolis we may still

Behold among other monuments of ancient art the Temple of Athena poas and that of Theus the latter of which is the most entire ancient edifice in the world in the island of delos also are to be seen the ruins of the temples of Apollo and emis both of which are in a wonderful

State of preservation these ruins are most valuable being sufficiently complete to enable us to study by their aid the plan and character of the original structure among the lonians however we find no vestiges of these stately temples for they were especially enjoined by a law of lerus to serve the

Gods with as little outlay as possible when the Great lawgiver was asked the reason of this injunction he replied that the ladoni being a poor Nation might otherwise abstain altogether from the observance of their religious duties and wisely added that magnificent edifices and costly sacrifices were not

So pleasing to the gods as the true piety and unfeigned devotion of their worshippers the most ancient temples known to us served a double purpose they were not only consecrated to the service of the Gods but were at the same time venerable monuments in honor of the Dead

Thus for instance the Temple of palis Athen in the tower of the city of Lissa served as the Seiler of acrus and the Acropolis at Athens received the ashes of seops founder of the city a temple was frequently dedicated to two or more gods and was always built after the manner considered most

Acceptable to the particular divinities to whom it was consecrated for just as trees birds and animals of every description were held to be sacred to certain deities C footnote 190 so almost every God had a form of building peculiar to himself which was deemed more acceptable to him than any other

Thus the Dork style of architecture was sacred to Zeus ARIS and Heracles the ionic to Apollo emis and Dionysus and the Corinthian to hesa in the porch of the temple stood a vessel of stone or brass containing holy water which had been consecrated by putting into it a burning torch taken

From the altar with which all those admitted to take part in the sacrifices were besprinkled in The inmost Recess of the sanctuary was the most holy Place into which none but the priest s were suffered to enter temples in the country were usually surrounded with Groves of trees the Solitude of these Shady

Retreats naturally tended to inspire the worshipper with awe and reverence added to which the delightful shade and coolness afforded by tall leafy trees is peculiarly grateful in hot countries indeed so General did this custom of building temples and Groves become that all places devoted to Sacred purposes

Even where no trees existed were called Groves that this practice must be a very remote Antiquity is provided by the biblical injunction having for its object the separation of the Jews from all idolatrous practices Thou shalt not plant thee a Grove of trees near unto the altar of the Lord thy God

Statues the Greeks worshiped their gods without any visible representations of them until the time of secops the most ancient of these representations consisted of square blocks of stone upon on which the name of the deity intended to be represented was engraved the first attempts at sculpture

Were rude stocks with a head at one end and a shapeless trunk at the other tapering slightly down to the feet which however were not divided the limbs being in no way defined but the artists of later times devoted all their genius to the successful production of the highest

Ideals of their gods some of which are preserved to this day and are regarded as examples of pest art see footnote 191 on a pedestal in the center of the edifice stood the statue of the Divinity to whom the temple was dedicated surrounded by images of other gods all

Of which were fenced off by rails altars the altar in a greek temple which stood in the center of the building and in front of the Statue of the presiding deity was generally of a circular form and constructed of stone it was customary to engrave upon it the name

Name or distinguishing symbol of the Divinity to whom it was dedicated and it was held so sacred that if any malactor fled to it his life was saved from his pursuers and it was considered one of the greatest acts of sacrilege to force him from this Asylum the most ancient altars were

Adorned with horns which in former times were emblems of power and dignity as wealth and consequently importance consisted among most primitive nations in flocks and herds in add addition to those erected in places of public worship altars were frequently raised in groves on highways or in the

Marketplaces of cities the gods of the lower world had no altars whatever ditches or trenches being dug for the reception of the blood of the sacrifices offered to them priests in ancient times the priests were recognized as a special social cast and were distinguished not only by their

Sacot vestments but also by their their piety wisdom and blameless life they were the chosen mediators between Gods and Men and offered prayers and sacrifices in the name of the people whom they also instructed as to what vows gifts and offerings would be most acceptable to the gods C footnote

192 every deity had a different order of priests consecrated to his worship and in every place a high priest was appointed whose Duty it was to superintend the rest of his order and also to carry out the more sacred rights and religious observances priests and priestesses were permitted to marry but

Not a second time some however voluntarily adopted a life of celibacy sacrifices there is no doubt that a feeling of gratitude to the gods for their protecting care and the abundance with which they were believed to bless mankind has induced men of all Nations and in all countries to feel a desire to

Sacrifice to their divinities some portion of the gifts so generously lavished upon them among the Greeks sacrifices were of various kinds they consisted of Free Will offerings propitiatory offerings Etc Free Will offerings were grateful acknowledgements for benefits received and usually consisted of the first fruits of the

Field or the finest of the flocks and herds which were required to be without spot or blemish propitiatory offerings were brought with the object of appeasing the anger of the Gods in addition to those above enumerated sacrifices were made either with a view of obtaining success in an Enterprise

About to be undertaken or in a fulfillment of a vow or at the command of an oracle every sacrifice was accompanied by salt and also by a libation which usually consisted of wine the Cup being always filled to the brim indicating that the offering was made without stint

When sacrificing to The Infernal Gods the cup containing the libation was filled with blood the animals offered to The Olympian divinities were white whilst those to the gods of the lower world were black when a man offered a special sacrifice for himself or his family it partook of the nature of his occupation

See footnote 193 thus a Shepherd brought a sheep a Vine grower his grapes and so forth but in the case of public sacrifices the supposed individuality of the deity was always consulted for instance to demer a s was offered because that animal is apt to root up the seed corn to dionysis a

Goat on account of its being destructive to Vineyards Etc the value of offerings depended greatly upon the position of the individual it being regarded as a contempt of the Gods for a rich man to bring a sorted offering whilst from a poor man the smallest obl was considered acceptable hecatombs consisted of a

Hundred animals and were offered by entire communities or by wealthy individuals who either deserved or had obtained some special favor from the gods when a sacrifice was to be offered a fire was kindled on the altar into which wine and frankincense were poured in order to increase the flame in very

Ancient times the victim was laid upon the Altar and burned whole but after the time of Prometheus portions only of the shoulders thighs entrails Etc were sacrificed the remainder becoming the perquisites of the priests the officiating priests wore a crown composed of the leaves of the tree

Sacred to the deity they invoked thus when sacrificing to Apollo the crowns were of Laurel when to Heracles of popler this practice of wearing crowns was at a later period adopted by the general public at Banquets and other festivities on occasions of special solemnity the horns of the victim were

Overlaid with gold and the altars decked with flowers and sacred herbs the mode of conducting the sacrifices was as follows all things being prepared a salt cake a sacrificial knife and the crowns were placed in a small basket and carried to the sanctuary by a young Maiden whereupon the victim was

Conducted into the temple frequently to the accent of Music if a small animal it was driven loose to the altar if a large one it was led by a long trailing rope in order to indicate that it was not an unwilling sacrifice see footnote 194 when all were assembled the priest

After walking in solemn State round the altar besprinkled it with a mixture of meal and holy water after which he also besprinkled the assembled worshippers and exhorted them to join with him in prayer the service being ended the priest first tasted the libation and after causing the congregation to do the like poured

The remainder between the horns of the victim after which frankincense was strewn upon the Altar and a portion of the meal and water poured upon the animal which was then killed if by any chance the victim escaped the stroke or became in any way Restless it was

Regarded as an evil Omen if on the contrary it expired without a struggle it was considered auspicious at the sacrifices to the aerial divinities music was added whilst dances were performed around the alter and sacred hymns sung these hymns were generally composed in honor of the Gods

And contained an account of their famous actions their clemency and beneficence and the gifts conferred by them on Mankind in conclusion the gods were invoked for a continuance of their favor and when the service was ended a feast was held oracles the desire to penetrate the dark

Veil of Futurity and thereby to avert if possible threatened danger has animated Mankind in all ages of the world prophetic knowledge was sought by the Greeks at the mouth of oracles whose predictions were interpreted to the People by priests specially appointed for the purpose the most famous of these

Institutions was the Oracle of Apollo at Deli which was held in general repute all over the world world people flocked from far and near to consult this wonderful mouthpiece of the Gods one month in the year being specially set apart for the purpose see footnote 195 the Priestess who delivered the

Oracles was called the pythia after the serpent python which was killed by Apollo having first bathed in the waters of the castellan spring she was conducted into the temple by the priests and was Seated on a sort of three-legged stool or table called the tripod which

Was placed over the mouth of a cave whence issued sulfurous Vapors here she gradually became affected in a remarkable Manner and fell into an ecstatic condition in which she uttered wild and extraordinary phrases which were held to be the utterance of Apollo himself these the priest interpreted to

The people but in most cases in so ambiguous a manner that the Fulfillment of the prediction could not easily be disputed during the ceremony clouds of incense filled the temple and hid the Priestess from the view of the uninitiated and at its conclusion she was reconducted in a fainting condition to her

Cell the following is a striking instance of the ambiguity of oracular predictions crois the rich king of Lydia before going to war with Cyrus King of Persia consulted an oracle as to the probable success of the Expedition the reply he received was that if he crossed

A certain River he would destroy a great Empire interpreting the response as being favorable to his design crosis crossed the river and encountered the Persian king by whom he was entirely defeated and his own empire being destroyed the prediction of the Oracle was said to have been fulfilled soothsayers

Augers in addition to the manifestation of the will of the Gods by means of oracles the Greeks also believe that certain men called soothsayers were gifted with the power of foretelling future events from dreams from observing the flight of birds the entrails of sacrificed animals and even the

Direction of the flames and smoke from the altar Etc see footnote 196 augers the Roman soothsayers were called augers and played an important part in the history of the Romans as no Enterprise was ever undertaken without first Consulting them with regard to its ultimate success festivals festivals were instituted as

Seasons of rest rejoicing and Thanksgiving and also as anniversaries to commemorate events of national importance the most ancient festivals were those held after the ingathering of the Harvest or vintage and were celebrated with rejoicings and merry-makings which lasted many days during which time the first fruits of

The fields were offered to the gods accompanied by prayers and Thanksgiving the festivals held in cities in honor of special divinities or in commemoration of particular events were conducted with an elaborate ceremonial gorgeous processions games chariot races Etc were conspicuous features on these occasions and dramatic performances representing particular

Episodes in the lives of the Gods and heroes frequently took place we subjoin a few of the most interesting of the Greek and Roman festivals end of section 19 Section 20 of myths and legends Greek festivals eleusinian Mysteries one of the most ancient and important among the festivals observed

By the Greeks was that of the eleusinian Mysteries which was celebrated in honor of Deiter and pany the name was derived from elus a town in ateka where the Mysteries were first introduced by the goddess herself they were divided into the greater and lesser Mysteries and according to the general account were

Held every 5 years the greater which were celebrated in honor of deer and lasted nine days were held in Autumn the Lesser dedicated to pany who at these festivals was affectionately called cor or the maiden were held in Spring it is supposed that the secrets taught to the

Initiated by the priests the expounders of the Mysteries were moral meanings elucidated from the myths concerning demoner and pany but the most important belief inculcated was the doctrine of the immortality of the soul that the lessons taught were of the highest moral character is universally admitted The

Souls of those who participated in them were filled with the sweetest hopes both as to this and the future world and it was a common saying among the Athenians in the Mysteries no one is sad the initiation into these solemn rights which was originally the exclusive privilege of the Athenians was accomp

Aned with awe inspiring ceremonies and secrecy was so strictly enjoined that its violation was punished by death at the conclusion of the initiation great rejoicings took place chariot races wrestling matches Etc were held and solemn sacrifices offered the initiation into the Lesser Mysteries served as a preparation for the greater

Thesmophoria the thesmophoria was another Festival held in honor of Deiter in her character as presiding over marriage and social institutions resulting from the spread of Agriculture this Festival was celebrated exclusively by women dionisia a joyous Spring Festival was held in honor of dionas in the month of March and lasted several days this

Festival which was called the greater diasia was celebrated with a particular Splendor at Athens when strangers flocked from all parts of the world to take part in the ceremonies the city was gay decorated the houses were garlanded with ivy leaves crowds perambulated the streets everything wore its holiday Garb

And wine was freely indulged in in the processions which took place during these festivities the statue of dianis was carried and men and women crowned with Ivy and bearing the thus were dressed in every description of grotesque costume and played on drums pipes flutes symbols Etc some representing solinus rote on asses

Others wearing Fawn skins appeared as pan or the SATs and the whole multitude Sayang Pion to the honor of the wine God public shows games and sports took place and the entire city was full of rry what lent additional interest to these festivals was the custom of introducing new comedies and tragedies

To the public representations of which were given and prizes awarded to those which elicited the greatest admiration the Lesser diania were vintage festivals celebrated in rural districts in the month of November and were characterized by drinking feasting and joviality of all kinds in connection with some of the festivals in honor of

Dionisis were certain Mystic observances into which only women called menes or Banes were initiated clad in Fawn skins they assembled By Night On The Mountain sides some carrying blazing torches others thy and all animated with religious enthusiasm and Frenzy they shouted clapped their hands danced wildly and worked themselves up to such

A pitch of excitement and fury that in their mad frenzy they tore in pieces the animal brought as a sacrifice to nisis under the name of Bania these Mystic rights were introduced into Rome where men also were allowed to participate in them but they were attended with such frightful excesses

That the state authorities at length intervened and prohibited them panthaa the panthaa was a famous Festival celebrated in Athens in honor of athenus the guardian of the state there were two festivals of this name the Lesser and the greater panthaa the former was held annually and the latter which lasted several days was

Celebrated every fourth year for the greater panthaa a garment embroidered with the gold called the pepus was specially woven by Athenian maidens on which was represented the victory gained by Athena over the the Giants this garment was suspended to the Mast of a ship which stood outside the city and

During the festival which was characterized by a grand procession the ship with the pepus on its M was impelled forward by means of invisible machinery and formed the most conspicuous feature of the pageant the whole population bearing Olive branches in their hands took part in the procession and amidst music and

Rejoicings this imposing pageant wed its way to the Temple of Athena polius where the pepus was deposited on the Statue of the Goddess at this Festival Homer’s poems were declaimed aloud and Poets also introduced their own Works to the public musical contests foot and horse races and wrestling matches were held

And dances were performed by Boys in armor men who had deserved well of their country were presented at the festival with a crown of gold and the name of the person so distinguished was announced publicly by a Herald the victors in the races and athletic games received

Received as a prize a vase of oil supposed to have been extracted from the fruit of the Sacred Olive Tree of Athena the dhoria the daphnia was celebrated at thieves in honor of Apollo every 9th year the distinguishing feature of this Festival Was A procession to the Temple

Of Apollo in which a young priest the dapn forus of noble descent splendidly attired in wearing a crown of gold was preceded by a youth carrying an emblematical representation of the Sun Moon stars and days of the year and followed by beautiful maidens bearing Laurel branches and singing hymns in honor of the

Gods end of section 20 section 21 Roman festivals saturnalia the saturnalia a National Festival held in December in honor of Saturn was celebrated after the ingathering of the Harvest and lasted several days it was a time of of universal rejoicing cessation from labor and merry-making school children had

Holidays friends sent presents to each other the law courts were closed and no business was transacted crowds of people from the surrounding country flocked to Rome for this Festival attired in every variety of masquerade dress practical jokes were given and received with the utmost Good Humor shouts of exaltation filled the

Air all classes abandoned themselves to enjoyment and unrestrained hilarity reigned Supreme social distinctions were for a Time suspended or even reversed and so heartily was the spirit of this Festival entered into that Masters waited upon their slaves at Banquets which they provided for them the slaves being dressed upon these occasions in the

Garments of their masters there appears little doubt that the modern Carnival is a survival of the ancient saturnalia selia this Festival was celebrated in honor of cus it was solemnized exclusively by women who dressed in white garments wandered about with torches in their hands to represent the

Search of the Goddess for her daughter Pro Serina during this Festival games were celebrated in the circus Maximus to which none were admitted unless clothed in white vestalia the vestalia was a Festival held in honor of Vesta on the 9th of June and was celebrated exclusively by women who walked barefooted in

Procession to the Temple of the goddess the priestesses of Vesta called vestes or Vestal virgins played a conspicuous part in these festivals they were six in number and were chosen between the ages of 6 and 10 from the noblest families in Rome their term of office was 30 years

During the first 10 years they were initiated in their religious duties during the second 10 they performed them and during the third they instructed novices their Chief was watch and feed the ever Burning Flame on the altar of Vesta the extin of which was regarded as a national Calamity of ominous

Import great honors and privileges were accorded to them the best seats were reserved for their use at all public spectacles and even the consuls and prors made way for them to pass if they met a criminal on his way to execution they had the power to Pardon him

Provided it could be proved that the meeting was accidental the vestes were vowed to Chastity a violation of which was visited by the frightful punishment of being buried alive end of section 21 section 22 of myths and legends Legends Cadmus the following is the legendary account of the founding of

Thieves after the Abduction of his daughter Europa by Zeus aena King of Phoenicia unable to reconcile himself to her loss dispatched his son Cadmus in search of her Desiring him not to return without his sister for many years Cadmus pursued his search through various countries but without success not daring

To return home without her he consulted the Oracle of Apollo at Deli and the reply was that he must desist from his task and take upon himself a new Duty I.E that of founding a city the sight of which would be indicated to him by a

Heer which had never borne the Yoke and which would lie down on the spot where on the city was to be built scarcely had Cadmus left the sacred Fain when he observed a heer Who Bore no marks of servitude on her neck walking slowly in front of him he

Followed the animal for a considerable distance until at length on the site where thieves afterwards stood she looked towards heaven and gently lo lay down in the long grass grateful for this Mark of divine favor Cadmus resolved to offer up the animal as a sacrifice and accordingly

Sent his followers to fetch water for the libation from a neighboring spring this spring which was sacred to Aries was situated in a wood and guarded by a fierce Dragon who at the approach of the retainers of Cadmus suddenly pounced upon them and killed them after

Waiting some time for the return of his servants Cadmus grew impatient and hastily arming himself with his Lance and spear set out to seek them on reaching the spot the mangled remains of his unfortunate followers met his View and near them he beheld the frightful monster dripping with the blood of his

Victims seizing a huge Rock the hero hurled it with all his might upon the dragon but protected by his tough black skin and Steely scales as by a coat of maale he remained unhe hurt catmas now tried his Lance and with more success for it pierced the side of

The Beast who furious with pain sprang at his adversary when Cadmus leaping aside succeeded in fixing the point of his spear within his Jaws which final stroke put an end to the encounter while cadmos stood surveying his vanquished foe palis aeni appeared to him and commanded him to sew the

Teeth of the Dead dragon in the ground he obeyed and out of the farrows there arose a band of armed men who at once commenced to fight with each other until all except five were killed these last surviving Warriors made peace with each other and it was with their

Assistance that Cadmus now built the famous city of Thieves in later times the noblest thean families proudly claimed their descent from these Mighty earthborn Warriors Aries was furious with rage when he discovered that Cadmus had slain his dragon and would have killed him had not Zeus interfered and induced him to

Mitigate his punishment to that of servitude for the term of8 years at the end of that time the God of War became reconciled to Cadmus and in token of his forgiveness bestowed upon him the hand of his daughter harmonia in marriage their nuptials were almost as celebrated as those of pus and thetus

All the gods honored them with their presence and offered Rich gifts and congratulations catmas himself presented his lovely bride with a splendid necklace fashioned by hephestus which however after the death of harmonia always proved fatal to its possessor the children of Cadmus and harmonia were one son poorus and four

Daughters utoi IO simile and agabi for many years the founder of Thieves reigned happily but at length a conspiracy was formed against him and he was deprived of his throne by his grandson panthus accompanied by his faithful wife harmonia he retired into ilyria and after death they were both Changed by

Zeus into serpents and transferred to elisium persus persus one of the most renowned of the Legendary Heroes of antiquity was the son of Zeus and Dan daughter of acrus king of Argos an oracle having foretold to acrus that a son of Danny e would be the cause

Of his death he imprisoned her in a tower of brass in order to keep her secluded from the world Zeus however descended through the roof of the tower in the form of a shower of gold and the lovely Den e became his bride for four years acrus remained in

Ignorance of this Union but one evening as he chanced to pass by the Brazen chamber he heard the Cry of a young child proceeding from within which led to the discovery of his daughter’s marriage with Zeus enraged at finding all his precautions unavailing acrus commanded

The mother and child to be placed in a chest and thrown into the sea but it was not the will of Zeus that they should perish he directed Poseidon to calm the Troubled Waters and caused the chest to float safely to the island of carapus dictis brother of polyes King of

The island was fishing on the seashore when he saw the chest stranded on the beach and pitying the helpless condition of its unhappy occupants he conducted them to the Palace of the king where they were treated with the greatest kindness polyes eventually became United to Dan and bestowed upon persus an education

Befitting a hero when he saw his stepson develop into a noble and manly youth he endeavored to instill into his mind a desire to signalize himself by the achievement of some great and heroic deed and after mature deliberation it was decided that the slaying of the Gorgan Medusa would bring him the greatest

Renown for the successful accomplishment of his object it was necessary for him to be provided with a pair of winged sandals a magic wallet and the helmet of aides which rendered the wearer invisible all of which were in the keeping of the nymphs the place of whose Abode was known only to the

Greey persus started on his expedition and guided by Hermes and Palace of arrived after a long journey in the far off region on the borders of oenus where dwelt the GRE Daughters of forces and Sito he at once applied to them for the necessary information and on their

Refusing to Grant it he deprived them of their single eye and tooth which he only restored to them when they gave him full directions with regard to his route he then proceeded to the the Abode of the nymphs from whom he obtained the objects indispensable for his purpose equipped with the magic helmet

And wallet and armed with a sickle the gift of Hermes he attached to his feet the wing sandals and flew to the Abode of the gorgens whom he found fast asleep now as persus had been warned by his Celestial guides that whoever looked upon these weird sisters would be

Transformed form Med into stone he stood with averted face before the sleepers and caught on his bright metal shield their triple image then Guided by Palace atheni he cut off the head of the Medusa which he placed in his wallet no sooner had he done so than from The Headless

Trunk there sprang forth the winged Steed Pegasus and chor the father of the winged Giant gerion he now hastened to elude the pursuit of the two surviving sisters who aroused from their Slumbers eagerly rushed to avenge the death of their sister his invisible helmet and winged

Sandals here stood him in good stead for the former concealed him from the view of the gorgens whilst the latter bore him swiftly over land and sea far beyond the reach of pursuit in Passing Over The Burning Plains of Libya the drops of blood from the head of the Medusa oozed

Through the wallet and falling on the hot Sands below produced a brood of many colored snakes which spread all over the country persus continued his flight until he reached the kingdom of atlas of whom he begged rest and shelter but as this King possessed a valuable Orchard in which every tree

Bore golden fruit he was fearful lest the Slayer of the Medusa might destroy the dragon which guarded it and then Rob him of his treasures he therefore refused to Grant the hospitality which the hero demanded whereupon persus exasperated at the cherish repulse produced from his wallet

The head of the Medusa and holding it towards the king transformed him into a Stony Mountain beard and hair erected themselves into forests shoulders hands and limbs became huge rocks and the head grew up into a craggy Peak which reached into the clouds persus then resumed his travels

His winged sandals bore him over deserts and mountains until he arrived at Ethiopia the kingdom of King sephus here he found the country inundated with disastrous floods towns and Villages destroyed and everywhere signs of desolation and ruin on a projecting Cliff close to the shore he beheld a

Lovely Maiden chained to a rock this was Andromeda the King’s Daughter her mother copia having boasted that her beauty surpassed that of the nides the angry C nymphs appealed to posidon to avenge their wrongs whereupon the sea god devastated the country with a terrible inundation which brought with it a huge

Monster who devoured all that came in his way in their distress the unfortunate Ethiopians applied to the Oracle of Jupiter Ammon in the Libyan Desert and obtained the response that only by the sacrifice of the King’s Daughter to the monster could the country and people be saved sephus who was tenderly attached

To his child at first refused to listen to this Dreadful proposal Al but overcome at length by the prayers and solicitations of his unhappy subjects the heartbroken father gave up his child for the welfare of his country Andromeda was accordingly chained to a rock on the

Seashore to serve as a prey to the monster whilst her unhappy parents bewailed her sad Fate on the beach Below on being informed of the meaning of this tragic scene IUS proposed to seuse to slay the dragon on condition that the lovely victim should become his bride Overjoyed at the prospect of

Andromeda’s release the king gladly exceeded to the stipulation and persus hastened to the Rock to breathe words of Hope and comfort to the trembling Maiden then assuming once more the helmet of aides he mounted into the air and awaited the approach of the monster presently the sea opened and the

Shark’s head of the gigantic beast of the deep raised itself above the waves lashing his tail furiously from side to side he leapt forward to seize his victim but the Gallant hero watching his opportunity suddenly darted down and producing the head of the Medusa from his wallet held it before the eyes of

The Dragon whose hid body became gradually transformed into a huge black rock which remained forever A Silent Witness of the miraculous Deliverance of Andromeda persus then led the maiden to her now happy parents who anxious to evince their gratitude to her deliverer ordered immediate preparations to be

Made for the nuptial feast but the young hero was not to bear away his lovely Bride uncontested for in the mid M of the banquet finus the king’s brother to whom Andromeda had previously been betrothed returned to claim his bride followed by a band of armed Warriors he forced his

Way into the hall and a desperate encounter took place between the rivals which might have terminated fatally for persus had he not suddenly bethought himself of the Medusa’s head calling to his friends to avert their faces he drew it from his wallet and held it before finus and his formidable bodyguard

Whereupon they all stiffened into stone persus now took leave of the Ethiopian King and accompanied by his beautiful bride returned to carapus where a joyful meeting took place between Dan and her son he then sent a messenger to his grandfather informing him that he intended returning to Argos

But acrus fearing the Fulfillment of the oracular prediction fled for protection to his friend timas king of Lissa anxious to induce the Aged Monarch to return to Argos persus followed him thither but here a strange fatality occurred whilst taking part in some ferial Games celebrated in honor of the

King’s father pers use by an unfortunate throw of The discus accidentally struck his grandfather and thereby was the innocent cause of his death after celebrating the ferial rights of acrus with due solemnity persus returned to Argos but feeling loath to occupy the Throne of one whose death he had caused he exchanged

Kingdoms with megap penes king of tyin and in course of time founded the cities of meini and midia the head of the Medusa he presented to his Divine patroness Palace atheni who placed it in the center of her Shield many great Heroes were descended from persus and Andromeda foremost among

Whom was Heracles whose mother almin was their granddaughter heroic honors were paid to persus not only throughout AR gos but also at Athens and in the island of carapus end of section 22 chapter 23 Legends ion and Deus and Icarus ion ion was the son of crosa the beest daughter of Eric Theus king of Athens and the sun god feus Apollo to whom she was United without the knowledge of her father fearing the anger of ericus kayosa placed her newborn babe in a

Little wicker basket and hanging some golden charms round his neck invoked for him the protection of the Gods and concealed him in a lonely cave Apollo pitying his deserted child sent Hermes to convey him to Deli where he deposited his charge on the steps of the temple next morning the delic Priestess

Discovered the infant and was so Charmed by his engaging appearance that she adopted him as her own son the young child was carefully tended and reared by his kind Foster mother and was brought up in the service of the temple where he was entrusted with some of the minor duties of the Holy

Edifice and now to return to kosa during a war with the ubian in which the latter were signally defeated zuus son of aolis greatly distinguished himself on the side of the Athenians and as a reward for his valuable Services the hand of crosa the King’s Daughter was bestowed

Upon him in marriage their Union however was not blessed with children and as this was a source of great grief to both of them they repaired to Deli in order to consult the great Oracle the response was that zuus should regard the first person who met him on leaving the

Sanctuary as his son now it happened that ion the young guardian of the temple was the first to greet his View and when zuus beheld a beautiful youth he gladly welcomed him as his son declaring that the gods had sent him to be a blessing and comfort to his old age

Kosa however who concluded that the youth was The Offspring of a secret marriage on the part of her husband was filled with suspicion and jealousy when an old servant observing her grief begged her to be comforted assuring her that the cause of her distress should be speedily removed when upon the occasion

Of the public adoption of his son zuus gave a Grand Banquet the old servant of kayosa contrived to mix a strong poison in the wine of the unsuspecting ion but the youth according to the pious custom of the Ancients of offering a libation to the gods before

Partaking of any repast poured upon the ground a portion of the wine before putting it to his lips when suddenly as if by a miracle a dove flew into the banquet hall and sipped of the wine of the libation whereupon the poor little creature began to quiver in every Limb

And in a few moments EXP fired ion’s suspicions at once fell upon the obsequious servant of crosa who with such officious attention had filled his cup he violently seized the old man and accused him of his murderous intentions unprepared for this sudden attack he admitted his guilt but pointed to the

Wife of zuus as the instigator of the crime ion was about to avenge himself upon kayosa when by means of the divine intervention of Apollo his foster mother the delic Priestess appeared on the scene and explained the true relationship which existed between kayosa and ion in order to set all

Doubts at rest she produced the charms which she had found around the neck of the infant and also the Wicker Basket in which he had been conveyed to Deli mother and son now became reconciled to each other and crosa revealed to ion The Secret of his divine origin the Priestess of Deli foretold

That he would become the father of a great nation called after him the ionians and also that zuus and crosa would have a son called Doris who would be the progenitor of the Dorian people both of which predictions were in due time verified Deus and Icarus Deus a descendant of Eric Theus

Was an Athenian architect sculptor and mechanician he was the first to introduce the art of sculpture in its higher development for before his time statues were merely rude representations having the limbs altogether undefined but great as was his genius still greater was his vanity and he

Could broke no rival now his nephew and pupil Talus exhibited great talent having invented both the saw and the compass and Deus fearing lest he might overshadow his own Fame secretly killed him by throwing him down from the Citadel of Palace Athen the murder being discovered Deus was summoned before the

Court of the aerop pagus and condemned to death but he made his escape to the island of cre where he was received by King mos in a manner worthy of his great reputation dilus constructed for the king the world renowned Labyrinth which was an immense building full of intricate passages intersecting each

Other in such a manner that even Deus himself is said upon one occasion to have nearly lost his way in it and it was in this building the king placed the minitar a monster with the head and shoulders of a bull and the body of a

Man in the course of time the great artist became became weary of his long Exile more especially as the king under the guise of friendship kept him almost a prisoner he therefore resolved to make his escape and for this purpose ingeniously contrived wings for himself and his young son Icarus whom he

Diligently trained how to Ed them having awaited a favorable opportunity Father and Son commenced their flight and were well on their way when Icarus pleased with the novel sensation forgot altogether his father’s oft repeated injunction not to approach too near the Sun the consequence was that the wax by

Means of which his wings were attached melted and he fell into the sea and was drowned the body of the unfortunate Icarus was washed up by the tide and was buried by the bereaved father on an island which he called after his son Iaria after this sad event dilus winged

His flight to the island of Sicily where he met with a kind welcome from King kokalis for whom he constructed several important Public Works but no sooner did MOS receive the intelligence that his great architect had found an asylum with Calis than he sailed over to Sicily with a large army

And sent Messengers to the Sicilian King demanding the surrender of his guest kokalis feigned compliance and invited MOS to his Palace where he was treacherously put to death in a warm bath the body of their King was brought to a greent by the cretans where it was

Buried with great pump and over his tomb a temple to Aphrodite was erected dilus passed the remainder of his life tranquil in the island of Sicily where he occupied himself in the construction of various beautiful works of art end of section 23 section 24 the Argonauts as king of yolas was forced to

Fly from his dominions which had been assured by his younger brother poas and with difficulty succeeded in saving the life of his young son Jason who was at that time only 10 years of age he entrusted him to the care of the centur Chiron by whom he was carefully trained

In company with other Noble youths who like himself afterwards signalized themselves by their bravery and heroic exploits for 10 years Jason remained in the cave of the centur by whom he was instructed in all useful and warlike Arts but as he approached manhood he became filled with an unconquerable

Desire to regain his paternal inheritance he therefore took leave of his kind friend and preceptor and set out for yolas to demand from his uncle poas the kingdom which he had so unjustly usurped in the course of his journey he came to a broad and foaming

River on the banks of which he perceived an Old Woman Who implored him to help her across at first he hesitated knowing that even alone he would find some difficulty in stemming the fierce torrent but pitying her for Lauren condition he raised her in his arms and succeeded with a great effort in

Reaching the opposite Shore but as soon as her feet had touched the Earth she became transformed into a beautiful woman who looking kindly at the bewildered youth informed him that she was the goddess Hera and that she would henceforth guide and protect him throughout his career she then

Disappeared and full of Hope and courage at his Divine manifestation Jason pursued his journey he now perceived that in crossing the river he had lost one of his sandals but as it could not be recovered he was obliged to proceed without it on his arrival at yolas he

Found his uncle in the marketplace offering up a public sacrifice to Poseidon when the king had concluded his offering his eye fell upon the distinguished stranger whose manly Beauty and heroic bearing had already attracted the attention of his people observing that one foot was unshot he was reminded of an oracular prediction

Which foretold to him the loss of his kingdom by a man wearing only one sandal he however disguised his fears conversed kindly with the youth and Drew from him his name and errand then pretending to be highly pleased with his nephew poas entertained him sumptuously for 5 days

During which time all was festivity and rejoicing on the sixth Jason appeared before his uncle and with manly firmness demanded from him the throne and Kingdom which were his by right polias dissembling his true feelings smilingly consented to Grant his request provided that in return Jason would undertake an

Expedition for him which his Advanced age prevented him from accomplishing himself he informed his nephew that the shade of fris had appeared to him in his dreams and entreated him to bring back from culus his mortal remains and the Golden Fleece and added that if Jason succeeded in obtaining for him these

Sacred relics Throne Kingdom and scepter would be his story of the Golden Fleece aamus king of DOA had married neph a cloud nymph and their children were heli and fris the Restless and wandering nature of neili however soon woried her husband who being Immortal had little sympathy with his ethereal consort so he

Divorced her and married the beautiful but Wicked IO sister of simile who hated her stepchildren and even planned their destruction but the watchful neph contrived to circumvent her cruel designs and succeeded in getting the children out of the palace she then placed them both on the back of the

Winged Ram with a fleece of pure gold which had been given to her by Hermes and on this wonderful animal brother and sister rode through the air over land and sea but on the way heli becoming seized with giddiness fell into the Sea called after her the helis Pont and was

Drowned fris arrived safely at kulus where he was hospitably received by King AES who gave him one of his daughters in marriage in gratitude to Zeus for the protection accorded him during his flight frankis sacrificed to him the golden Ram Wist the fleas he presented

To AES who nailed it up in the Grove of Aries and dedicated it to the God of War an oracle having declared that the life of AES depended on the safee keeping of the fleas he carefully guarded the entrance to the Grove by placing before it an immense Dragon which never slept

Building and launch of the Argo we will now return to Jason who eagerly undertook the perilous Expedition proposed to him by his uncle who well aware of the dangers attending such an Enterprise hoped by this means to rid himself forever of the unwelcome Intruder Jason accordingly began to

Arrange his plans without delay and invited the young Heroes whose friendship he had formed wilst under the care of Chiron to join him in the perilous Expedition none refused the invitation all feeling honored at being allowed the privilege of taking part in so Noble and heroic an undertaking Jason

Now applied to our God one of the cleverest ship Builders of this time who under the guidance of Palace atheni built for him a splendid 50 or Galley which was called the Argo after the Builder in the upper deck of the vessel the goddess had embedded a board from

The speaking Oak of the Oracle of Zeus at odona which ever retained its powers of Prophecy the exterior of the ship was ornamented with magnificent carvings and the whole vessel was so strongly built that it defied the power of the Winds and weaves and was nevertheless so light

That the heroes when necessary were able to carry it on their shoulders when the vessel was completed the Argonauts so-called after their ship assembled and their places were distributed by lot Jason was appointed Commander in Chief of the Expedition typhus acted as steeran lindus as SP viot in the bow of

The vessel sat the renowned hero Heracles in the stern pus father of Achilles and telmon the father of Ajax the great in the Inner Space were casor and Pollock nus the father of Nestor aditus the husband of alyes maler the Slayer of the Caledonian bore orus the

Noun singer menus the father of Petrus Theus afterwards king of Athens and his friend perthus the son of ixan hilus the adopted son of Heracles euphemus the son of Poseidon orus father of Ajax the Lesser zitis and C the winged sons of boreas idaman the Seer the son of Apollo

Mopsus the thalian prophet etc etc before for their departure Jason offered a solemn sacrifice to posidon and all the other sea deities he also invoked the protection of Zeus and the fates and then mopsus having taken the augures and found them auspicious the heroes stepped on board and now a favorable Breeze

Having sprung up they take their allotted places the anchors weighed and the ship Glides like a bird out of the harbor into the Waters of the grave see arrival at lemnis the Argo with her brave crew of 50 Heroes was soon out of sight and the seab breeze only waed to

The shore a faint echo of the sweet strains of orfus for a time all went smoothly but the vessel was soon driven by stress of weather to take refuge in a harbor in the island of lemnis this island was inhabited by women only who who the year before in a fit of mad

Jealousy had killed all the male population of the island with the exception of the father of the queen hipip as the protection of their Island now devolved upon themselves they were always on the lookout for danger when therefore they sided the Argo from afar they armed themselves and rushed to the

Shore determined to repel any invasion of their territory on arriving in Port the Argonauts astonished at beholding an armed crowd of women dispatched a Herald in one of their boats bearing the staff of peace and friendship hipip the queen proposed that food and presents should be sent to the strangers in order to

Prevent their Landing but her old nurse who stood beside her suggested that this would be a good opportunity to provide themselves with Noble husbands who would act as their Defenders and thus put an end to their constant fears hipip listened attentively to the advice of her nurse and after some consultation

Decided to invite The Strangers into the city robed in his purple mantle the gift of Palace atheni Jason accompanied by some of his companions stepped on Shore where he was met by a deputation consisting of the most beautiful of the lemnian women and as commander of the expedition was invited into the Palace

Of the queen when he appeared before hipipo she was so struck with his Godlike and heroic presence that she presented him with her father’s scepter and invited him to seat himself on the throne beside her Jason thereupon took up his residence in the royal castle whilst his companions scattered

Themselves through the town spending spending their time in feasting and pleasure Heracles with a few chosen comrades also remained on board from day to day their departure was delayed and the Argonauts in their new life of dissipation had almost forgotten the object of the Expedition when Heracles suddenly appeared amongst them and at

Last recall them to a sense of their Duty Giants and delist the Argonauts now pursued their Voyage till contrary winds drove them towards an island inhabited by the deliones whose King cus received them with great kindness and Hospitality the deliones were descendants of posidon who protected them against the frequent attacks of

Their Fierce and formidable neighbors the earthborn Giants monsters with six arms wilst his companions were attending a banquet given by King cisus Heracles who as usual had remained behind to guard the ship observed that these Giants were busy blocking up the harbor with huge rocks he had once realized the

Danger and attacking them with his Arrow succeeded in considerably thinning their numbers then assisted by the heroes who at length came to his Aid he effectually destroyed the remainder the Argo now steered out of the Harbor and set sail but in consequence of a severe storm which arose at night was driven back

Once more to the shores of the kindly deliones unfortunately however owing to the darkness of the night the inhabitants failed to recognize their former guests and mistaking them for enemies commenced to attack them those who had so recently parted as friends were now engaged in Mortal Combat and in

The battle which ensued Jason himself pierced to the heart his friend King cisus whereupon the deliones being deprived of their leader fled to their city and closed the gates when morning dawned and both sides perceived their error they were filled with the deepest sorrow and remorse and for three days

The heroes remained with the delist celebrating the funeral rights of the slain with every demonstration of mourning and solemnity Heracles Left Behind the Argonauts once more set sail and after a stormy Voyage arrived at msia where they were hospitably received by the inhabitants who spread before them plentiful Banquets and sumptuously

Regaled them while his friends were feasting Heracles who had declined to join them went into the forest to seek a fur tree which he required for an or and was missed by his adopted son hilus who set out to seek him when the youth arrived at a spring in the most secluded

Part of the forest the nymph of the fountain was so struck by his beauty that she Drew him down beneath the waters and he was seen no more polyus one of the heroes who happened to be also in the forest heard his cry for help and on meeting Heracles informed him of the

Circumstance they at once set out in search of the missing youth no traces of whom were to be found and whilst they were engaged looking for him the Aro set sail and left them behind the ship had proceeded some distance before the absence of Heracles was observed some of

The heroes were in favor of returning for him others wished to proceed on their Journey when in the midst of a dispute the sea god clus arose from the waves and informed them that it was the will of Zeus that Heracles having another mission to perform should remain behind the Argonauts continued their

Voyage without their companions Heracles returned to Argos while spus remained with the msians where he founded a city and became its king contest with Amicus next morning the Argo touched at the country of the beans whose King Amicus was a famous pugilist and permitted no strangers to leave his shores without

Matching their strength with his when the heroes therefore demanded permission to land they were informed that they could only do so provided that one of their number should engage in a boxing match with the King Pollock who was the best pugilist in Greece was selected as their champion and a contest took place

Which after a tremendous struggle proved fatal to Amicus who had hitherto been victorious in all similar encounters fineas and the harpies they now proceeded towards bethia where reigned the blind old Prophet King Phineas son of ainor Phineas had been punished by the gods with premature old age and

Blindness for having abused the gift of Prophecy he was also tormented by The harpes Who swooped down upon his food which they either devoured or so defiled as to rendered it unfit to be eaten this poor old man trembling with the weakness of age and faint with Hunger appeared

Before the Argonauts and implored their assistance against this fish tormentors whereupon ctis and C the winged sons of boreas recognizing in him the husband of their sister Cleopatra affectionately embraced him and promised to rescue him from his painful position the heroes prepared a banquet on the seash shore to

Which they invited Phineas but no sooner had he taken his place then the harpies appeared and devoured all the viant zetus and C now rose up into the air drove the harpies away and were pursuing them with drawn swords when Iris the Swift footed messenger of the

Gods appeared and desired them to desist from their work of Vengeance promising that Phineas should be no longer molested Freed at length from his tormentors the old man sat down and enjoyed a plentiful repast with his kind friends the Argonauts who now informed him of the object of their Voyage in

Gratitude for his Deliverance Phineas gave them much useful information concerning their journey and not only warned them of the manyfold dangers awaiting them but also instructed them how they might be overcome passage of the simple gates after a fortnight’s sojourn in theia the Argonauts once more set sail

But had not proceeded far on their course when they heard a fearful and tremendous crash this was caused by the meeting of two great Rocky islands called the simple Gates which floated about in the sea and constantly met and separated before leaving bethia the blind old sear Phineas had informed them

That they would be compelled to pass between these two terrible rocks and he instructed them how to do so with safety as they now approached the scene of danger they remembered his advice and acted upon it typhus the steersman stood at the helm whilst emus held in his hand

A dove ready to let loose for Phineas had told them that if the dove ventured to fly through they might safely follow emus now dispat patched the bird which passed swiftly through the islands yet not without losing some of the feathers of her tail so speedily that they

Reunite seizing the moment when the Rocks once more separated the Argonauts worked at their ores with all their might and achieved the perilous passage in safety after the miraculous passage of the Argo the simple Gates became permanently United and attached to the Bottom of the Sea the

Stales the Argo pursued her course along the southern coast of the pontis and arrived at the islands of artius which was inhabited by birds who as they flew through the air discharged from their wings feathers sharp as arrows as the ship was gliding along olus was wounded

By one of these birds whereupon the Argonauts held count and by the advice of idamis an experienced hero all put on their helmets and held up their glittering Shields uttering at the same time such fearful cries that the birds flew away in Terror and The Argonaut

Were enable to land with safety on the island here they found four Shipwrecked youths who proved to be the sons of frix and were greeted by Jason as his cousins on ascertaining the object of the Expedition they volunteered to accompany the Argo and to show the heroes the way

To culus they also informed them that the Golden Fleece was guarded by a fearful dragon that King a was extremely cruel and as the son of Apollo was possessed of superhuman strength arrival at kulus taking with them the four four newcomers they journeyed on and soon

Came in sight of the snowcapped peaks of the Caucasus when towards evening the loud flapping of wings Was Heard overhead it was the Giant Eagle of Prometheus on his way to torture the noble and longsuffering Titan whose fearful groans soon afterwards fell upon their ears that night they reached their

Journey’s End and anchored in the smooth Waters of the river faces on the Left Bank of this River they beheld SOA the capital of culus and on their right a wide field and the sacred grove of Aries where the Golden Fleece suspended from a magnificent oak

Tree was glittering in the sun Jason now filled a golden cup with wine and offered a libation to Mother Earth the gods of the country and the shades of those of the heroes who had died on the voyage next morning a council was held in which it was decided that before

Resorting to forcible measures kind and conciliatory overtures should first be made to King AES in order to induce him to resign the Golden Fleece it was arranged that Jason with a few chosen companions should proceed to the Royal Castle leaving the remainder of the crew to guard the Argo

Accompanied therefore by telmon and OAS and the four sons of fris he set out for the palace when they arrived inside of the pel they were struck by the vastness and massiveness of the building at the entrance to which sparkling fountains played in the midst of luxuriant and parklike

Gardens here the King’s Daughters copi and Meda who were walking in the grounds of of the palace met them the former to her great joy recognized in the youths who accompanied the hero her own long lost Sons whom she had mourned as dead whilst the young and lovely Meda was

Struck with the noble and manly form of Jason the news of the return of the sons of fres soon spread through the palace and brought AES himself to the scene whereupon The Strangers were presented to him and were invited to a banquet which the king ordered to be prepared in their

Honor all the most beautiful ladies of the Court were present at this entertainment but in the eyes of Jason none could compare with the King’s Daughter the young and lovely Med when the banquet was ended Jason related to the king his various adventures and also the object of his expedition with the

Circumstances which had led to his undertaking it AES listened in silent indignation to this recital and then burst out into a torrent of inventives against the Argonauts and his grandchildren declaring that the fleece was his rightful property and that on no consideration would he consent to relinquish it Jason however with mild and

Persuasive words contrived so far to conciliate him that he was induced to promise that if the heroes could succeed in demonstrating their divine origin by the performance of some task requiring superhuman power the fleece should be theirs the task proposed by AES to Jason was that he should Yoke the two Brazen

Footed fire breathing oxen of the king which had been made for him by hesus to his ponderous iron plow having done this he must till with them the Stony fields of Aries and then sew in The Furs the poisonous teeth of a dragon from which armed men would

Rise these he must destroy to a man or he himself would perish at their hands when Jason heard what was expected of him his heart for a moment sank within him but he determined nevertheless not to Flinch from his task but to trust to the assistance of the Gods and to his

Own courage and energy Jason plows the field of Aries accompanied by his two friends talamon and ois and also by Argus the son of calop Jason returned to the vessel for the purpose of holding a consultation as to the best means of accomplishing these perilous Feats Argus explained to Jason all the

Difficulties of the Superhuman task which lay before him and pronounced it as his opinion that the only means by which success was possible was to enlist the assistance of the princess Meda who was a priestess of hecy and a great enchantress his suggestion meeting with approval he returned to the pal and by

The aid of his mother an interview was arranged between Jason and Meda which took place at an early hour next morning in the temple of hecy a confession of mutual attachment took place and Meda trembling for her Lover’s safety presented him with a magic Sal which possessed the property

Of rendering any person Anointed with it invulnerable for the space of one day against fire and steel and Invincible against any adversary however powerful with this Sal she instructed him to anoint his Spear and shield on the day of his great undertaking she further added that when after having plowed the

Field and sewn the teeth armed men should arise from the Pharaohs he must on no account lose heart but remember to throw among them a huge rock over the possession of which they would fight amongst themselves and their attention being thus diverted he would find it an easy task to destroy them overwhelmed

With gratitude Jason thanked her in the most Earnest manner for her wise counsel And Timely Aid at the same time he offered her his hand and promised her he would not return to Greece without taking her with him as his wife next morning 80s in all the pp of

State surrounded by his family and the members of his court repaired to a spot whence a full view of the approaching spectacle could be obtained soon Jason appeared in the field of Aries looking as Noble and Majestic as the God of War himself in a distant part of the field the Brazen yoke

And the massive plow met his view but as yet The Dread animals themselves were nowhere to be seen he was about to go in quest of them when they suddenly rushed out from a Subterranean cave breathing flames of fire and enveloped in a thick smoke the friends of Jason trembled but

The undaunted hero relying on the magic powers with which he was imbued by seized The Oxen one after the other by the horns and forced them to the Yoke near the plow was a helmet full of Dragon’s Teeth which he sewed as he plowed the field wilst with sharp Pricks

From his land he compelled the Monstrous creatures to draw the plow over the Stony ground which was thus speedily tilt while Jason was engaged sewing the Dragon teeth in the Deep furrows of the field he kept a cautious Lookout lest the germinating giant brood might grow

Too quickly for him and as soon as the four acres of land had been tilled he unyoked The Oxen and succeeded in frightening them so effectually with his weapons that they rushed back in Terror to their Subterranean Stables meanwhile armed men had sprung up out of the furrows and the whole

Field now bristled with lances but Jason remembering the instructions of Meda seized an immense Rock and hurled it into the midst of these earthborn Warriors who immediately began to attack each other Jason then rushed furiously upon them and after a terrible struggle not one of the Giants remained

Alive furious at seeing his murderous scheme thus defeated ades not only only perfidiously refused to give Jason the fleece which he had so bravely earned but in his anger determined to destroy all the Argonauts and to burn their vessel Jason secures the Golden Fleece becoming aware of the treacherous

Designs of her father Meda at once took measures to baffle them in the darkness of night she went on board the Argo and warned the heroes of their approaching danger she then advised Jason to accompany her without loss of time to the sacred grove in order to possess himself of the long coveted

Treasure they set out together and Meda followed by Jason led the way and advanced boldly into the Grove the tall oak tree was soon discovered from the topmost boughs of which hung the beautiful golden fleece at the foot of the tree he keeping his ever wakeful watch lay the Dreadful Sleepless Dragon

Who at sight of them bounded forward opening his huge Jaws Meda now called into play her magic powers and quietly approaching the monster threw over him a few drops of a potion which soon took effect and sent him into a deep sleep whereupon Jason seizing the opportunity climbed the tree

And secured the fleece their perilous task being now accomplished Jason and Meda quitted The Grove and hastened on board the Argo which immediately put to sea murder of oberus meanwhile 8s having discovered the loss of his daughter and the golden fleas dispatched a large Fleet under the

Command of his son ABS cerus in pursuit of the fugitives after some days sail they arrived at an island at the mouth of the river eer where they found the Argo at anchor and surrounded her with her numerous ships they then dispatched the herald on board of her demanding the surrender of

Meda and the fleece Meda now consulted Jason and with his consent carried out the following strategy she sent a message to her brother AB cerus to the effect that she had been carried off against her will and promised that if he would meet her in the darkness of night in the temple

Of emis she would assist him in regaining possession of the Golden Fleece relying on the good faith of his sister ABS cerus fell into the snare and duly appeared at the appointed trting place and whil Meda kept her brother engaged in conversation Jason rushed forward and slew him then according to a

Preconcerted signal he held a loft a LED torch whereupon the Argonauts attacked the kkin put them to flight and entirely defeated them the Argonauts now returned to their ship when the prophetic board from the Doan Oak thus addressed them the cruel murder of absus was witnessed

By the arines and you will not escape the wrath of Zeus until the goddess Cersei has purified you from your crime let casor and Pollock pray to the gods that you may be unable to find the Abode of the Sorceress in obedience to the boys the twin brothers invok Divine

Assistance and the heroes set out in search of the aisle of Cersei they arrive at the island of Cersei The Good Ship Argo sped on her way and after passing safely through the foaming Waters of the river aidinis at length arrived in the harbor of the island of Cersei where she cast anchor

Commanding his companions to remain on board Jason landed with Meda and conducted her to the Palace of the Sorceress the goddess of charms and Magic Arts received them kindly and invited them to be seated but instead of doing so they assumed a supplicating attitude and humbly besought her

Protection they then informed her of the Dreadful crime which they had committed and implored her to purify them from it this Cersei promised to do she forth with commanded her attendant nads to Kindle the fire on the Altar and to prepare everything necessary for the performance of The Mystic rides after

Which a dog was sacrificed and the sacred cakes were burned having thus duly purified the criminals she severely reprimanded them for the horrible murder of which they had been guilty whereupon Meda with veiled head and weeping bitterly was reconducted by Jason to the Argo Further Adventures of the

Argonauts having left the island of Cersei they were waved by gentle zephir towards the Abode of the sirens whose enticing strains soon fell upon their ears the Argonauts powerfully affected by the melody were making making ready to land when orus perceived danger and to the accompaniment of his magic liar

Commenced one of his enchanting songs which so completely absorbed his listeners that they passed the island in safety but not before butes one of their number lured by the seductive music of the sirens had sprung from The Vessel into the waves below Aphrodite however in for his youth

Landed him gently on the island of libin before the sirens could reach him and there he remained for many years and now The Argonaut approached new dangers for on one side of them seed and foam the whirlpool of sharis whilst on the other Tower the mighty Rock when

The monster Sila swooped down upon unfortunate Mariners but here the goddess Hera came to their assistant and sent to them the Sea Nymph thethis who guided them safely through these dangerous Straits the Argo next arrived at the island of fais where they were hospitably entertained by King alenis

And his Queen ariti but the banquet prepared for them by their kind host was unexpectedly interrupted by the appearance of a large army of Kens sent by a8s to demand restoration of his daughter Meda threw herself at the feet of the queen and implored her to save

Her from the anger of her father and ariti in her kindness of heart promised her her protection next morning in an assembly of the people at which the Colin were invited to be present the latter were informed that as Meda was the lawful wife of Jason they could not

Consent to deliver her up whereupon the ckans seeing that the resolution of the King was not to be shaken and fearing to face the anger of AES should they return to kulus without her sought permission of alenis to settle in his kingdom which request was accorded them after these events the Argonauts

Once more set sail and steered for yolas but in the course of a terrible and fearful night a mighty storm arose and in the morning they found themselves stranded on the treacherous quicksand of ctis on the shores of Libya here all was a waste and Barren desert un pened by

Any living creature save the venomous snakes which had sprung from the blood of the Medusa when born by Perseus over these arid Plains they had already passed several days in this Abode of desolation beneath the Rays of the scorching sun and had abandoned themselves to the deepest despair when

The Libyan Queen who was a prophetes of divine origin appeared to Jason and informed him that a seahorse would be sent by the gods to act as his guide scarcely had she departed when a gigantic hippocamp was seen in the distance making its way towards the Argo

Jason now related to his companions the particulars of his interview with the Libyan propheus and after some deliberation it was decided to carry the Argo on their shoulders and to follow wherever the seahorse should lead them they then commenced a long and weary journey through the desert and at last

After 12 days of severe toil and terrible Suffering The Welcome site of the sea greeted their view in gratitude for having been saved from the many full dangers they offered up sacrifices to the gods and launched their ship once more into the deep Waters of the ocean arrival at

CIT with heartfelt joy and gladness they proceeded on their Homeward voyage and after some days arrived at the island of creit where they purposed to furnish themselves with fresh provisions and water their Landing however was opposed by a terrible giant who guarded the island against all Intruders this giant

Whose name was Talis was the last of the Brazen race and being formed of brass was invulnerable except in his right ankle where there was a senu of Flesh and a vein of blood as he saw the Argo nearing the coast he hurled huge rocks at her which would inevitably have sunk

The Vessel had not the crew beat a hasty Retreat although sadly in want of food and water the Argonauts had decided to proceed on their Journey rather than face so powerful an opponent when Meda came forward and assured them that if they would trust to her she would destroy the giant

Enveloping the folds of a rich purple mantle she stepped on deck and after invoking the aid of the Fates uttered a magic incantation which had the effect of throwing Talis into a deep sleep he stretched himself at full length upon the ground and in doing so grazed his vulnerable ankle

Against the point of a Sharp Rock whereupon a mighty stream of blood gushed forth from the wound awakened by the pain he tried to rise but in vain and with a mighty groan of Anguish the giant fell dead and his enormous body rolled heavily over into the deep the

Heroes being now able to land provisioned their vessel after which they resumed their Homeward Voyage arrival at yolas after a terrible night of storm and darkness they passed the island of Vena and at length reached in safety the port of folus where the recital of their numerous adventures and hair breath

Escape was listened to with wandering admiration by their fellow countrymen the Argo was consecrated to posidon and was carefully preserved for many generations till no vestage of it remained when it was placed in the heavens as a brilliant constellation on his arrival at yolas Jason conducted his beautiful bride to

The Palace of his uncle poas taking with him the Golden Fleece for the sake of which this perilous Expedition had been undertaken but the Old King who had never expected that Jason would return alive basely refused to fulfill his part of the Compact and decline to abdicate the

Throne indignant at the wrongs of her husband Meda Avenged them in a most shocking manner she made friends with the daughters of the king and feigned great interest in all their concerns having gained their confidence she informed them that among her numerous magic Arts she possessed the power of

Restoring to the agent all the Vigor and strength of Youth and in order to give them a convincing proof of the truth of her assertion she cut up an old Ram which she boiled in a cauldron whereupon after uttering various Mystic incantations there came forth from the

Vessel a beautiful young lamb she then assured them that in a similar manner they could restore to their old father his former youthful frame and vigor the fond and credulous Daughters of poas Lent an all too willing ear to the wicked sorceress and thus the Old King

Perished at the hands of his innocent children death of Jason Meda and Jason now fled to Corinth where at length they found for a Time peace and Tranquility their happiness being completed by the birth of three children as time passed on however and Meda began to lose the

Beauty which had won the love of her husband he grew weary of her and became attracted by the youthful charms of gloss the beautiful daughter of Creon king of Corinth Jason had obtained her father’s consent to their Union and the wedding day was already fixed before before he disclosed to Meda the

Treachery which he mediated against her he used all his persuasive powers in order to induce her to consent to his Union with gloss assuring her that his affection had in no way diminished but that for the sake of the advantages which would thereby accre to their children he had decided on forming this

Alliance with the Royal house though justly enraged at his deceitful conduct Meda dissembled her wrath and feigning to be satisfied with this explanation sent as a wedding gift to her rival a magnificent robe of cloth of gold this robe was imbued with a deadly poison which penetrated to the

Flesh and bone of the wearer and burned them as though with a consuming fire pleased with the beauty and costliness of the Garment the unsuspecting GLA lost no time in Dawning it but no sooner had she done so than the fell poison began to take effect in vain she tried to tear

The robe away it defied all efforts to be removed and after horrible and protracted sufferings she expired maddened at the loss of her husband’s love Meda next put to death her three sons and when Jason thirsting for Revenge left the Chamber of his dead bride and flew to his own house in

Search of Meda the ghastly spectacle of his murdered children met his view he rushed frantically to seek the murderous but nowhere could she be found at length hearing a sound above his head he looked up and beheld Meda gliding through the air in a golden Chariot drawn by

Dragons in a fit of Despair Jason threw himself on his own sword and perished on on the threshold of his desolate and deserted home end of section 24 section 25 part one Legends pelops pelops the son of the cruel Tantalus was a Pious and virtuous Prince after his father was banished into

Tartarus a war ensued between pelops and the king of Troy in which the former was vanquished and forced to fly from his dominions in friia he immigrated into Greece where at the court of enus king of Elis he beheld hippodamia the King’s Daughter whose Beauty won his heart but an oracle

Having foretold to enus that he would die on the day of his daughter’s marriage he threw every obstacle in the way of her sutors and declared that he would only give her to him who succeeded in vanquishing him in a chariot race but that all unsuccessful competitors should suffer death at his

Hands the conditions of the contest were as follows the race was to be run from a given point at pzer to the altar of Poseidon at Corinth the sutor was allowed to start on his course whilst enus performed his sacrifice to Zeus and only on its completion did the King

Mount his Chariot Guided by the skillful mertilus and drawn by his two famous horses filler and harpin who surpassed in swiftness the winds themselves in this manner many a gallant Young Prince had perished for although a considerable start was given to all competitors still enus with his Swift

Team always overtook them before they reached the goal and and killed them with his spear but the love of pelops for hippodamia overcame all fears and undeterred by the terrible fate of his predecessors he announced himself to enus as a sutor for the hand of his

Daughter on the eve of the race pelops repaired to the seashore and earnestly implored posidon to assist him in his perilous undertaking the sea god heard his prayer and sent him out of the deep a chariot drawn by two winged horses when pelops appeared on the course the king at once recognized the

Horses of Poseidon but nothing daunted he relied on his own Supernatural team and the contest was allowed to proceed whilst the King was offering his sacrifice to Zeus pelops set out on the race and had nearly reached the goal when turning round he beheld enus spear

In hand who with his magic steeds had nearly overtaken him but in this emergency Poseidon came to the aid of the son of tantas he caused the wheels of the royal Chariot to fly off whereupon the King was thrown out violently and killed on the spot just as

Pelops arrived at the altar of posidon as the hero was about to return to pza to claim his bride he beheld in the distance Flames issuing from the royal castle which at that instant had been struck by lightning with his winged horses he flew to rescue his lovely

Bride and succeeded in extricating her uninjured from the burning building they soon afterwards became United and pelops reigned in pza for many years in great splendor Heracles or Hercules Heracles the most renowned hero of antiquity was the son of Zeus and almin and the great grandson of

Persus at the time of his birth Alini was living at thieves with her husband amphitryon and thus the infant Heracles was born in the Palace of his stepfather aware of the animosity with which he persecuted all those who rivaled her in the affections of Zeus almin fearful lest this hatred should be

Visited on her innocent child entrusted him soon after his birth to the care of a faithful servant with instructions to expose him in a certain field and there leave him feeling assured that the Divine offspring of Zeus would not long remain without the protection of the

Gods soon after the child had been thus abandoned Hera and Palace aeni happened to pass by the field and were attracted by its cries atheni pityingly took up the infant in her arms and prevailed upon the Queen of Heaven to put it to her breast but no sooner had she done so

Than the child causing her pain she angrily threw him to the ground and left the spot atheni moved with compassion carried him to almini and entreated her kind offices on behalf of the poor little foundling almin at once recognized her child and joyfully accepted the charge soon afterwards Hera to her

Extreme annoyance discovered whom she had nursed and became filled with jealous rage she now sent two venomous snakes into the Chamber of almin which crept unperceived by the nurses to the Cradle of the sleeping child he awoke with a cry and grasping a snake in each hand strangled them both almin and her

Attendant Whom The Cry of the child had awakened rushed to the Cradle where to their astonishment and Terror they beheld the two reptiles dead in the hands of the infant Heracles amp fitrian was also attracted to the chamber by the commotion and when he beheld this astounding proof of

Supernatural strength he declared that the child must have been sent to him as a special gift from Zeus he accordingly consulted the famous seia Tyas who now informed him of the divine origin of his stepson and prognosticated for him a great and distinguished future when amp fitrian heard the not

Noble Destiny which awaited the child entrusted to his care he resolved to educate him in a manner worthy of his future career at a suitable age he himself taught him how to guide a chariot uritus how to handle the bow orus dexterity and wrestling and boxing

And cter the Art of armed Warfare whilst lonus the son of Apollo instructed him in music and letter Heracles was an apt pupil but undue harshness was intolerable to his High Spirit and old lonus who was not the gentlest of teachers one day corrected him with blows whereupon the boy angrily

Took up his liar and with one stroke of his powerful arm killed his tutor on the spot apprehensive lest The ungovernable Temper of the youth might again involve him in similar acts of violence amp fitrian sent him into the country where he placed him under the charge of one of his most trusted

Herdsmen here as he grew up to manhood his extraordinary stature and strength became the Wonder and admiration of all beholders his aim whether with spear Lance or bow was unerring and at the age of 18 he was considered to be the strongest as well as the most beautiful youth in all

Greece the choice of Heracles Heracles felt that the time had now arrived when it became necessary to decide for himself how to make use of the extraordinary powers with which he had been endowed by the gods and in order to meditate in solitude on this all important subject he repaired to a

Lonely and secluded spot in the heart of the the forest here two females of great Beauty appeared to him one was vice the other virtue the former was full of artificial wilds and fascinating Arts her face painted and her dress gy and attractive whilst the latter was of noble bearing

And modest mean her Robes of spotless Purity Vice stepped forward Ward and thus addressed him if you will walk in my paths and make me your friend your life shall be one round of pleasure and enjoyment you shall taste of every Delight which can be procured on earth

The choicest vians the most delicious wines the most luxuriant of couches shall be ever at your disposal and all this without any exertion on your part either physical or mental virtue now spoke in her turn if you will follow me and be my friend I promise you the reward of a good

Conscience and the love and respect of your fellow men I cannot undertake to smooth your path with roses or to give you a life of idleness and pleasure for you must know that the gods Grant no good and desirable thing that is not earned by labor and as you sow so must you

Reap Heracles listened patiently and attentively to both speakers and then after mature deliberation decided to follow in the paths of virtue and henceforth to honor the gods and to devote his life to the service of his country full of these Noble resolves he sought once more his rural home where he

Was informed that on Mount cin at the foot of which the herds of amphitryon were grazing a ferocious lion had fixed his lair and was committing such frightful ravages among the flocks and herds that he had become the scourge and Terror of the whole neighborhood Heracles at once armed

Himself and ascended the mountain where he soon caught sight of the lion and rushing at him with his sword succeeded in killing him the hide of the animal he wore ever afterwards over his shoulders and the head served him as a helmet as he was returning from this his

First exploit he met the Heralds of ainus King of the minion who were proceeding to thieves to demand their annual tribute of a h 100 oxen indignant at this humiliation of his native City Heracles mutilated the Heralds and sent them back with ropes round their necks to their royal

Master ainus was so incensed at the ill treatment of his Messengers that he collected an army and appeared before the gates of Thieves demanding the surrender of Heracles Creon who was at this time King of Thieves fearing the consequences of a refusal was about to yield when the hero

With the assistance of amphitryon and a band of Brave youths Advanced against the minion Heracles took possession of a narrow defile through which the enemy were compelled to pass and as they entered the pass the thebans fell upon them killed their King ainus and completely routed them in this

Engagement amphitryon the kind friend and Foster father of Heracles lost his life the hero now Advanced upon orinus the capital of the minion where he burned the royal castle and sacked the town after this signal Victory all Greece rang with the fame of the young hero and Creon in gratitude for his

Great Services bestowed upon him his daughter Megara in marriage The Olympian gods testified their appreciation of his Valor by sending him presents Hermes gave him a sword feus Apollo a bundle of arrows hephestus a golden quiver and atheni a coat of leather Heracles and Urus and now it will be necessary to

Retrace our steps just before the birth of Heracles Zeus in an assembly of the Gods exultingly declared that the child who should be born on that day to the house of persus should rule over all his race when her heard her Lord’s boastful announcement she knew well that it was

For the child of the hated almin that This brilliant Destiny was designed and in order to rob the son of her rival of his rights she called to her Aid the goddess ithia who the birth of Heracles and caused his cousin Uris another grandson of persus to precede

Him into the world and thus as the word of the mighty’s use was irrevocable Heracles became the subject and servant of his cousin Urus when after his Splendid victory over ainus the fame of Heracles spread throughout Greece Urus who had become king of meini jealous of the reputation

Of of the young hero asserted his rights and commanded him to undertake for him various difficult tasks but the proud Spirit of the hero rebelled against this humiliation and he was about to refuse compliance when Zeus appeared to him and desired him not to rebel against the

Fates Heracles now repaired to Deli in order to consult the Oracle and received the answer that after performing 10 tasks for his cousin yisus his servitude would be at an end soon afterwards Heracles fell into a state of the deepest Melancholy and through the influence of his inveterate enemy the goddess Hera

This despondency developed into raving Madness in which condition he killed his own children when he at length regained his reason he was so horrified and grieved at what he had done that he shut himself up in his chamber and avoided all intercourse with men but in his loneliness and seclusion the conviction

That work would be the best means of procuring Oblivion of the past decided him to enter without delay upon the tasks appointed him by yisus one the Naman lion his first task was to bring to ur istus the skin of the much dreaded Naman lion which ravaged the Territory between cleone and namia

And whose hide was invulnerable against any mortal weapon Heracles proceeded to the forest of namir where having discovered the Lion’s Lair he attempted to pierce him with his arrows but finding these of no avail he fed him to the ground with his CLA and before the animal had time to

Recover from the terrible blow Heracles seized him by the neck and with a mighty effort succeeded in strangling him he then made himself a coat of maale of the skin and a new helmet of the head of the animal thus attired he so alarmed urist by appearing suddenly before him that

The king concealed himself in his Palace and henceforth for Heracles to enter his presence but commanded him to receive his behests for the future through his messenger cius two the Hydra his second task was to slay the Hydra a monster serpent The Offspring of Typhon and a kidna bristling with nine

Heads one of which was Immortal this monster infested the neighborhood of ler where she committed great depredations among the herds Heracles accompanied by his nephew IUS set out in a chariot for the marsh of lerna in the slimy Waters of which he found her he commenced the attack by

Assailing her with his Fierce arrows in order to force her to leave her Lair from which she at length emerged and sought refuge in a wood on a neighboring Hill her CLE now rushed forward and endeavored to crush her heads by means of well-directed blows from his

Tremendous Club but no sooner was one head destroyed than it was immediately replaced by two others he next seized the monster in his powerful grasp but at this juncture a giant crab came to the assistance of the Hydra and commenced biting the feet of her as salant Heracles destroyed this new adversary

With with his club and now called upon his nephew to come to his Aid at his command Aus Set Fire to the neighboring trees and with a burning Branch seared the necks of the monster as Heracles cut them off thus effectually preventing the growth of more Heracles next struck off

The immortal head which he buried by the roadside and placed over it a heavy Stone into the poisonous blood blood of the monster he then dipped his arrows which ever afterwards rendered wounds inflicted by them incurable three the horned hind the third labor of Heracles was to

Bring the horned hind Ser unitis alive to meini this animal which was sacred to artmus had golden antlers and hoofs of brass not wishing to wound the hind Heracles patiently pursued her through many countries for a whole year and overtook her at last on the banks of the

River leaden but even there he was compelled in order to secure her to wound her with one of his arrows after which he lifted her on his shoulders and carried her through Arcadia on his way he met Artemus with her brother Feebas Apollo when the goddess angrily Repro proved him for

Wounding her favorite hind but Heracles succeeded in appeasing her displeasure whereupon she permitted him to take the animal alive to meini four the arim Manion bore the fourth task imposed upon Heracles by Urus was to bring alive to meini the ariman bore which had laid waste the region of aransa and was the

Skir urge of the surrounding neighborhood on his way thither he craved food and shelter of a centaur named folus who received him with generous Hospitality setting before him a good and plentiful repast when Heracles expressed his surprise that at such a well-furnished board wine should be wanting his host

Explained that the wine seller was the common property of all the centors and that it was against the rules for a cask to be broached except all were present to partake of it by Dent of persuasion however Heracles prevailed on his kind host to make an exception in his favor

But the powerful luscious odor of the good old wine soon spread over the mountains and brought large numbers of Centaur to the spot all armed with huge rocks and fur trees Heracles drove them back with fire br ANS and then following up his victory pursued them with his arrows as far as

Malia where they took refuge in the cave of the kind old centur Kiron unfortunately however as Heracles was shooting at them with his poisoned DTS one of these pierced the knee of Kiron when Heracles discovered that it was the friend of his early days that he had

Wounded he was overcome with sorrow and regret he at once extracted the arrow and anointed the wound with a salve the virtue of which had been taught him by Kiron himself but all his efforts were unavailing the wound imbued with the deadly poison of the Hydra was incurable

And so great was the agony of chirone that at the intercession of Heracles death was sent him by the gods for otherwise being immortal ble he would have been doomed to endless suffering folus who had so kindly entertained Heracles also perished by means of one of these arrows which he had extracted

From the body of a dead centur while he was quietly examining it astonished that so small and insignificant an object should be productive of such serious results the arrow fell upon his foot and fatally wounded him full of grief at this unw event Heracles buried him with

Due honors and then set out to chase the boar with loud shouts and terrible cries he first drove him out of the thickets into the deep snow drifts which covered the summit of the mountain and then having at length wearied him with his incessant Pursuit he captured the

Exhausted animal bound him with a rope and brought him alive to meini five cleansing The Stables of oras after slaying the arim Manion bore Urus commanded Heracles to cleanse in one day The Stables of oras oras was a king of Elis who was very rich in herds 3,000 of his cattle

He kept near the Roy Palace in an enclosure where the refuges had accumulated for many years when Heracles presented himself before the king and offered to cleanse his stables in one day provided he should receive in return a tenth part of the herds orius thinking the feat impossible accepted his offer

In the presence of his son Fus near the palace were the two rivers pineus and alfus the Stream dreams of which Heracles conducted into the Stables by means of a trench which he dug for this purpose and as the waters rushed through the shed they Swept Away

With them the whole mass of accumulated filth but when oras heard that this was one of the labors imposed by yisus he refused the promised Garden Heracles brought the matter before a court and called Fus as a witness to the justice of his claim whereupon oras without

Waiting for the delivery of the verdict angrily banished Heracles and his son from his dominions six the stim fides the sixth task was to chase away the stim felides which were immense Birds of Prey who as we have seen in the legend of the Argonauts shot from their wings feathers sharp as arrows

The home of these birds was on the shore of the lake stimis in Arcadia after which they were called where they caused Great destruction among men and cattle on approaching the lake Heracles observed great numbers of them and while hesitating how to commence the attack he suddenly felt a hand on his shoulder

Looking round he beheld The Majestic form of Palace atheni who held in her hand a gigantic pair of brazen clappers made by hephestus with which she presented him whereupon he ascended to the summit of a neighboring Hill and commenced to Rattle them violently the shrill noise of these

Instruments was so intolerable to the birds that they Rose into the air in Terror upon which he aimed at them with his arrows destroying them in great numbers while whilst such as escaped his darts flew away never to return seven the creeton bull the seventh labor of Heracles was to capture

The creeton bull Minos king of cre having vowed to sacrifice to posidon any animal which should first appear out of the sea the god caused a magnificent bull to emerge from the waves in order to test the sincerity of the Creon King who in making this vow had alleged that

He possessed no animal among his own herds worthy the acceptance of the Mighty Sea God Charmed with the splendid animal sent by Poseidon and eager to possess it Minos placed it among his herds and substituted as a sacrifice one of his own Bulls hereupon posidon in order to

Punish the cupidity of Minos caused the animal to become man and commit such great havoc in the island as to endanger the safety of the inhabitants when Heracles therefore arrived in creit for the purpose of capturing the bull Minos far from opposing his design gladly gave him

Permission to do so the hero not only succeeded in securing the animal but tamed him so effectually that he rode on his back right across the sea as far as the pelipas he now delivered him up to ur istus who at once set him at Liberty after which he became as ferocious and

Wild as before roamed all over Greece into Arcadia and was eventually killed by Theus on the plains of marathon eight the Mayes of diamides the eighth labor of Heracles was to bring to yisus the mouse of diamides a son of Aries and King of the estonians a warlike thian tribe this

King possessed a breed of wild horses of tremendous size and strength whose food consisted of human flesh and all strangers who had the misfortune to enter the country were made prisoners and flung before the horses who devoured them when Heracles arrived he first captured the cruel diamides himself and

Then threw him before his own Mares who after devouring their Master became perfectly tame and tractable they were then led by Heracles to the seashore when the bostonians enraged at the loss of their King rushed after the hero and attacked him he now gave the animals in

Charge of his friend abderus and made such a furious Onslaught on his assailant that they turned and fled but on his return from this encounter he found to his great grief that the Mars had torn his friend in pieces and devoured him after celebrating du ferial rights to the

Unfortunate abdas hles built a city in his honor which he named after him he then returned to tyin where he delivered up the mares to yisus who set them loose on Mount Olympus where they became the prey of wild beasts it was after the performance of this ask that Heracles joined the

Argonauts in their expedition to gain possession of the Golden Fleece and was left behind at kios as already narrated during his wanderings he undertook his ninth labor which was to bring to urist the girdle of hippol Queen of the Amazons end of section 25 part one section 25 part two the labors of

Heracles continued nine the girdle of hipol the Amazons who dwelt on the shores of the Black Sea near the river Thurmon were a nation of warlike women renowned for their strength courage and great skill in horsemanship their Queen hippol had received from her father Aries a beautiful girdle which she always wore

And a sign of her royal power and authority and it was this girdle which Heracles was required to place in the hands of urist who designed it as a gift for his daughter admi foreseeing that this would be a task of No Ordinary difficulty the hero

Called to his Aid a select band of Brave companions with whom he embarked for the Amazonian town themira here they were met by Queen hippol who was so impressed by the extraordinary stature and noble bearing of Heracles that on learning his errand she at once consented to present him

With the coveted girdle but Hera his implacable enemy assuming the form of an Amazon spread the report in the town that a stranger was about to carry off their Queen the Amazons at once flew to arms and mounted their horses whereupon a battle ensued in which many of their

Bravest warriors were killed or wounded among the latter was their most skillful leader melany whom Heracles afterwards restored to hippol receiving the girdle in exchange on his voyage home the hero stopped at Troy where a new adventure awaited him during the time that Apollo and Poseidon were condemned by isus to a

Temporary servitude on Earth they built for King L omidon the famous walls of Troy afterwards so renowned in history but when their work was completed the king treacherously refused to give them the reward due to them the incensed deities now combined to punish the offender Apollo sent a pestilence which

Decimated the people and Poseidon a flood which bore with it a marine monster who swallowed in his huge Jaws all that came within his reach in his distress lomdon consulted an Oracle and was informed that only by the sacrifice of his own daughter heion could the anger of the Gods be

Appeased yielding at length to the Urgent appeals of his people he consented to make the sacrifice and on the arrival of Heracles the maiden was already chained to a rock in Readiness to be devoured by the monster when lomdon beheld the renowned hero whose marvelous Feats of strength and

Courage had become the Wonder and admiration of all mankind he earnestly implored him to save his daughter from her impending fate and to rid the country of the monster holding out to him as a reward the horses which Zeus had presented to his grandfather tro in compensation for robbing him of his son

Ganim Heracles unhesitatingly accepted the offer and when the monster appeared opening his terrible Jaws to receive his prey the hero sword in hand attacked and slew him but the perfidious Monarch once more broke faith and Heracles vowing future Vengeance departed for meini where he presented the girdle to

Yisus 10 The Oxen of Geron the 10th labor of Heracles was the capture of The Magnificent oxen belonging to the giant gerion or Jones who dwelt on the island of aiia in the Bay of gadri Cadiz this giant who was the son of Cho had three bodies with

Three heads six hands and six feet he possessed a herd of Splendid cattle which were famous for their size Beauty and Rich red color they were guarded by another giant named urian and a two-headed dog called orus The Offspring of Typhon and a kidna in choosing for him a task so

Replete with danger Urus was in hopes that he might rid himself forever of his hated cousin but the indomitable courage of the hero rose with the prospect of this difficult and dangerous undertaking after a long and wearisome journey he at last arrived at the western coast of Africa where as a

Monument of his perilous Expedition he erected the famous pillars of Hercules one of which he placed on each side of The Straits of Gibralter here he found the intense heat so insufferable that he angrily raised his bow towards heaven and threaten to shoot the Sun God but Helios far from

Being incensed at his audacity was so struck with admiration at his daring that he lent to him the golden boat with which he accomplished his nocturnal Transit from west to east and thus Heracles crossed over safely to the island of aiia no sooner had he landed than urion

Accompanied by his Savage dog orthus fiercely attacked him but Heracles with a superhuman effort slew the dog and then his master hereupon he collected the herd and was proceeding to the seashore when Jones himself met him and a desperate encounter took place in which the giant perished Heracles then drove the cattle

Into the sea and seizing one of the oxen by the horns swam with them over to the opposite coast of Iberia Spain then driving his magnificent prize before him through Gaul Italy and thce he at length arrived after many perilous adventures and hairbrad escapes at meini where he

Delivered them up to yisus who sacrificed them to Hera Heracles had now executed his 10 tasks which had been accomplished in the space of eight years but uthus refused to include the slaying of the Hydra and the cleansing of the Stables of oras among the number

Alleging as a reason that the one had been performed by the assistance of aus and that the other had been executed for hire he therefore insisted on Heracles substituting two more labors in their place 11 the apples of the Hesperides the 11th task imposed by Urus

Was to bring him the golden apples of the Hesperides which grew on a tree presented by Gia to Hera on the occasion of her marriage with Zeus this sacred tree was guarded by four maidens Daughters of Knight called the Hesperides who were assisted in their task by a terrible hhe headed dragon

This Dragon never slept and out of its hundred throats came a constant hissing sound which effectually warmed off all Intruders but what rendered the undertaking still more difficult was the complete ignorance of the hero as to the locality of the garden and he was forced in consequence to make many fruitless

Journeys and to undergo many trials before he could find it he first traveled through thes and arrived at the river idoris where he met the giant pyus the son of Aries and pyen who challenged him to single combat in this encounter Heracles completely van vanquished his opponent

Who was killed in the contest but now a mightier adversary appeared on the scene for the war God himself came to avenge his son a terrible struggle ensued which had lasted some time when Zeus interfered between the brothers and put an end to The Strife by hurling a thunderbolt between them Heracles

Proceeded on his journey and reached the banks of the river eridanus where where dwelt the nymphs Daughters of Zeus and theis on seeking advice from them as to his root they directed him to the old sea god nerus who alone knew the way to the Garden of the

Hesperides Heracles found him asleep and seizing the opportunity held him so firmly in his powerful grasp that he could not possibly Escape so that not withstanding his various Metamorphoses he was at last compelled to give the information required the hero then crossed over to Libya where he engaged in a wrestling

Match with King antios son of posidon and Gia which terminated fatally for his antagonist from then he proceeded to Egypt where reigned buyus another son of Poseidon Who acting on the advice given by an oracle during a time of great scarcity sacrificed iced all strangers to Zeus when Heracles arrived he was seized

And dragged to the altar but the powerful demigod burst asunder his bonds and then slew buyus and his son resuming his journey he now wandered on through Arabia until he arrived at Mount Caucasus where Prometheus groaned in unceasing agony it was at this time that Heracles as already related shot

The eagle which had so long tortured the noble and devoted friend of mankind full of gratitude for his Deliverance Prometheus instructed him how to find his way to that remote region in the Far West where Atlas supported the heavens on his shoulders near which lay the garden of the

Hesperides he also warned Heracles not to attempt to secure the precious fruit himself but to assume for a Time the duties of Atlas and to dispatch him for the apples on arriving at his destination Heracles followed the advice of Prometheus Atlas who willingly entered into the arrangement contrived to put

The dragon to sleep and then having cunningly outwitted the Hesperides carried off three of the golden apples which he now brought to Heracles but when the latter was prepared to relinquish his burden Atlas having once tasted the Delights of Freedom declined to resume his post and announced his

Intention of being himself the bearer of the apples to yisus leaving Heracles to fill his place to this proposal the hero feigned Ascent merely begging that Atlas would be kind enough to support the heavens for a few moments whilst he contrived a pad for his head Atlas good

Nature ly threw down the apples and once more resumed his load upon which Heracles B him aw and departed when Heracles conveyed the golden apples to yisus the latter presented them to the hero whereupon Heracles placed the sacred fruit on the altar of Palace atheni who restored them to the Garden of the

Hesperides 12 Cerberus the 12th and last Labor which ursus imposed on Heracles was to bring up Cerberus from the lower World believing that all his heroic Powers would be unavailing in the realm of Shades and that in this his last and most perilous undertaking the hero must at length

Succumb and perish Cerberus was a monster dog with three heads out of whose awful Jaws dripped point poison the hair of his head and back was formed of venomous snakes and his body terminated in the tail of a dragon after being initiated into the eleusinian Mysteries and obtaining from the priests certain information

Necessary for the accomplishment of his task Heracles set out for tinum in lolia where there was an opening which led to the underworld conducted by Hermes he commenced his sent into the awful Gulf where myriads of Shades soon began to appear all of whom fled in Terror at his

Approach melaga and Medusa alone accepted about to strike the latter with his sword hermies interfered and stayed his hand reminding him that she was but a shadow and that consequently no weapon could Avail against her arrived before the gates of Hades he found Theus and perthus who had been

Fixed to an Enchanted Rock by AES for their presumption in endeavoring to carry off pany when they saw Heracles they implored him to set them free the hero succeeded in delivering Theus but when he endeavored to liberate perthus the Earth shook so violently beneath him that he was compelled to relinquish his

Task proceeding further her recognized a scalopus who as we have seen in the history of DEA had revealed the fact that pany had swallowed the seeds of a pomegranate offered to her by her husband which bound her to aades forever as scalopus was groaning beneath

A huge Rock which deer in her anger had hurled upon him and which Heracles now removed releasing the sufferer before the gates of his Palace stood a es the mighty ruler of the lower world and barred his entrance but Heracles aiming at him with one of his

Uniring darts shot him in the shoulder so that for the first time the god experienced the agony of mortal suffering Heracles then demanded of him permission to take Cerberus to the upper world and to this ades consented on condition that he should secure him unarmed protected by his breastplate and

Lion’s skin herles went in search of the monster whom he found at the mouth of the river acaron undismayed by the Hideous barking which proceeded from his three heads he seized the throat with one hand and the legs with the other and although the dragon which served him as

A tail bit him severely he did not relinquish his grasp in this manner he conducted him to the upper world through an opening near treen in arolia when yisus beheld Cerberus he stood AUST and despairing of ever getting rid of his hated rival he returned the hellhound to the hero who

Restored him to aades and with this last task the subjection of Heracles to yisus terminated murder of IUS free at last Heracles now returned to thieves and it being impossible for him to live happily with Megara in consequence of his having murdered her children he with her own consent gave

Her in marriage to his nephew IUS heracle himself sought the hand of ioli daughter of uritus King Of ealia Who had instructed him when a boy in the use of the bow hearing that this King had promised to give his daughter to him who could surpass himself and his three sons in

Shooting with the bow Heracles lost no time in presenting himself as a competitor he soon proved that he was no unworthy pupil of uritus for he signally defeated all his opponents but although the king treated him with marked respect and honor he refused nevertheless to give him the hand of his daughter

Fearing for her a similar fate to that which had befallen eus the eldest son of uritus alone espoused the cause of Heracles and asay to induce his father to give his consent to the marriage but all to no purpose and at length stung to the quick at his

Rejection the hero angrily took his departure soon afterwards The Oxen of the King was stolen by the notorious thief orus and Heracles was suspected ected by uritus of having committed the theft but IUS loyally defended his absent friend and proposed to seek out Heracles and with his assistance to go

In search of the missing cattle the hero warmly welcomed his staunch young friend and entered cordially into his plan they at once set out on their expedition but their search proved altogether unsuccessful when they approached the city of tyrin they mounted a tower in hopes of discovering the missing herd in

The surrounding country but as they stood on the topmost summit of the building Heracles became suddenly seized with one of his former attacks of Madness and mistaking his friend IUS for an enemy hurled him down into the plane below and he was killed on the spot Heracles Now set forth on a weary

Pilgrimage begging in vain that some someone would purify him from the murder of IUS it was during these wanderings that he arrived at the palace of his friend admus whose beautiful and heroic wife alestes He restored to her husband after a terrible struggle with death as already related soon after this event Heracles

Was struck with a fearful disease and betook himself to the Temple of Deli hoping to obtain from the oracle the means of relief the Priestess however refused him a response on the ground of his having murdered IUS whereupon the angry hero seized upon the tripod which he carried off declaring that he would

Construct an oracle for himself Apollo who witnessed the sacrilege came down to defend his sanctuary and a violent struggle ensued Zeus once more interfered and flashing his lightning between his two favorite Sons ended the combat the pithia now vou safed an answer to the prayer of the

Hero and commanded him in experation of his crime to allow himself to be sold by Hermes for three years as a slave the purchase money to be given to uritus in compensation for the loss of his son Heracles becomes the slave of onale Heracles bowed in mission to the

Divine will and was conducted by Hermes to omale Queen of Lydia the three talents which she paid for him were given to uritus who however declined to accept the money which was handed over to the children of IUS Heracles now regained his former Vigor he rid the territory of omale of

The robbers which infested it and performed for her various other services requiring strength and courage it was about this time that he took part in the Caledonian bore hunt details of which have already been given when omf learned that her slave was none other than the renowned Heracles himself she at once

Gave him his Liberty and offered him her hand and Kingdom in her Palace Heracles abandoned himself to all the innovating luxuries of an oriental life and so completely was the Great Hero enthralled by the fascination which his mistress exercised over him that whilst she playfully dawned his Lion’s skin and

Helmet he attired in female garments sat at her feet spinning wool and beguiling the time by the relation of his past Adventures but when at length his term of bondage having expired he became master of his own actions the manly and energetic Spirit of the hero reasserted

Itself and tearing himself away from the Palace of the meian queen he determined to carry out the Revenge he had so long meditated against the treacherous lomdon and the faithless oras Heracles executes Vengeance on lomdon and oras gathering around him some of his old Brave companions in arms hles

Collected a fleet of vessels and set sail for Troy where he landed took the City by storm and killed L omidan who thus met at length the retribution he had so richly deserved to telmon one of his bravest followers he gave hision the daughter of the king in marriage when Heracles gave

Her permission to release one of the prisoners of War she chose her own brother podes whereupon she was informed that as he was already already a prisoner of war she would be compelled to Ransom him on hearing this heion took off her golden diadem which she joyfully

Handed to the hero owing to this circumstance podes henceforth bore the name of priamus or Priam which signifies the ransomed one Heracles now marched against oras to execute his Vengeance on him also for his perfidious conduct he stormed the city of Elis and put to death oras and his sons sparing only his

Brave Advocate and staunch Defender Fus on whom he bestowed the vacant Throne of his father Heracles and diona Heracles now proceeded to kaledon where he woed the beautiful Dion daughter of enus king of Italia but he encountered a formidable rival in a kellas the river god and it was agreed

That their claims should be decided by single combat trusting to his power of assuming various forms at will aelois felt confident of success but this availed him nothing for having at last transformed himself into a bull his mighty adversary broke off one of his horns and compelled him to acknowledge himself

Defeated after passing three happy years with dianira an unfortunate accident occurred which for a time marred their Felicity Heracles was One Day present at a banquet given by enus when by a sudden swing of his hand he had The Misfortune to strike on the head a youth of noble

Birth who according to the custom of the Ancients was serving the guests at table and so violent was the blow that it caused his death the father of the UN Fortunate Youth who had witnessed the occurrence saw that it was the result of accident and therefore absolved the hero

From blame but Heracles resolved to act according to the law of the land banished himself from the country and bidding farewell to his father-in-law set out for Trin to visit his friend King sex taking with him his wife diona and his young son hus in the course of that Journey they

Arrived at the river IUS over which the centor nessus was in the habit of carrying Travelers For Hire Heracles with his little son in his arms fored the stream unaided entrusting his wife to the care of the centur who Charmed with the beauty of his fair burden

Attempted to carry her off but her cries were heard by her husband who without hesitation shot nessus through the heart with one of his poisoned arrows now the dying centaur was thirsting for Revenge he called diona to his side and directed her to secure some of the blood

Which flowed from his wound assuring her that if when in danger of losing her husband’s affection she used it in the manner indicated by him it would act as a charm and prevent her from being supplanted by a rival Heracles and dianira now pursued their Journey and after several Adventures at length

Arrived at their destination death of hericles the last Expedition undertaken by the great hero was against uritus king of ealia to Revenge himself upon this King and his sons for having refused to bestow upon him the hand of ioli after having fairly won the maiden having collected a large army Heracles

Said set out for yubia in order to besiege ealia its capital success crowned his arms he stormed the Citadel slew the king and his three sons reduced the town to ashes and carried away captive The Young and Beautiful ioli returning from his Victorious Expedition Heracles halted at cineas in

Order to offer a sacrifice to Zeus and sent to D to Trin for a sacrificial robe diona having been informed that the fair ioli was in the train of Heracles was fearful lest her youthful charms might supplant her in the affection of her husband and calling to mind the advice of the dying

Centaur she determined to test the efficacy of the love charm which he had given to her taking out the file which she had carefully preserved she imbued the robe with a portion of the liquid which it contained and then sent it to Heracles the Victorious hero clothed

Himself with the Garment and was about to perform the sacrifice when the hot flames rising from the altar heated the poison with which it was imbued and soon every fiber of his body was penetrated by the deadly venom the unfortunate hero suffering the most fearful tortures in

Endeavored to tear off the robe but it adhered so closely to the skin that all his efforts to remove it only increased his agonies in this pitiable condition he was conveyed to Trin where diona on beholding the terrible suffering of which she was the innocent cause was overcome with grief and remorse and

Hanged herself in despair the dying hero called his son hus to his side and desired him to make ioli his wife and then ordering his followers to erect a funeral P he mounted it and implored the bystanders to set fire to it and thus in Mercy to terminate his insufferable

Torments but no one had the courage to obey him until at last his friend and companion filik tities yielding to his pitous appeal lighted the pile and received in return the bow and arrows of the hero soon flames on Flames ascended and amidst Vivid flashes of lightning accompanied by awful peels of Thunder

Palace saini descended in a cloud and bore her favorite hero in a chariot to Olympus Heracles became admitted Among The Immortals and Hira in token of her reconciliation bestowed upon him the hand of her beautiful daughter heie the goddess of Eternal youth end of section 25 part two section 26 of myths and

Legends bapon bapon or bones was the son of glorus King of Corinth and Grandson of cissus in consequence of an unpremeditated murder Bel eron fled to tyrants where he was kindly received by King pretus who purified him from his crime and tea the wife of pretus was so

Charmed with a comely youth that she fell in love with him but bapon did not return her affection and she in Revenge slandered him to the King by a gross misrepresentation of the fact the first impulse of pretus when informed of the conduct of bolerophon

Was to kill him but the youth with his gentle and winning manners had so endeared himself to his host that he felt it impossible to take his life with his own hands he therefore sent him to his father-in-law yatti king of liysa with a kind of letter or tablet which

Contained mysterious signs indicating his desire that the bearer of the missive should be put to death but the gods watched over the true and loyal Youth and inclined the heart of yattis who was an amiable Prince towards his guest judging by his appearance that he was of noble birth he entered detained

Him according to the hospitable custom of the Greeks in the most princely manner for 9 days and not until the morning of the 10th did he inquire his name and errand bapon now presented to him the letter entrusted to him by pretus yattis who had become greatly

Attached to the youth was horror struck at its contents nevertheless he concluded that pretus must have good reasons for his conduct and that probably bapon had committed a crime which deserved death but as he could not make up his mind to murder the guest he had grown to esteem he decided to

Dispatch him upon dangerous Enterprises in which he would in all probability lose his life he first sent him to kill the kaima a monster which was at this time devastating the country the four part of its body was that of a lion the center of a goat and the hind part of a

Dragon whilst out of its jaws issued flames of fire before starting on this difficult task bapon invoked the protection of the gods and in answer to his prayer they dispatched to his Aid The Immortal winged horse Pegasus The Offspring of Poseidon and Medusa but the Divine animal would not

Suffer himself to be caught and at last worn out with his fruitless exertions bapon fell into a deep sleep beside the sacred spring pyen here Palace Athena appeared to him in a dream and presented him with a magic Bridal for the purpose of capturing the Divine steed on awaking bapon instinctively put out

His hand to grasp it when to his amazement there lay beside him the bridal of his dream whilst Pegasus was quietly drinking at the fountain close by seizing him by the man bapon threw the Bridle over his head and succeeded in mounting him without further difficulty then Rising with him into the

Air he slew the Kimera with his arrows yattis next sent him on an expedition against the Solan a fierce neighboring tribe with whom he was at enmity but araon succeeded in vanquishing them and was then dispatched against the much dreaded Amazons but greatly to the astonishment of yares the

Hero again returned Victorious finally yattis placed a number of the bravest lians in Ambush for the purpose of destroying him but not one returned alive for bapon bravely defended himself and slew them all convinced at length that Belo Aon far from deserving death was the special favorite of the Gods who had evidently

Protected him throughout his perilous exploits the king now ceased his persecutions yattis admitted him to a share in the government and gave him his daughter in marriage but bapon having attained the summit of Earthly Prosperity became intoxicated with pride and vanity and incurred the displeasure of the Gods by

Endeavoring to mount to heaven on his winged horse for the purpose of gratifying his Idol curious iOS it Zeus punished him for his impiety by sending a gadfly to Sting the horse who became so restive that he threw his rider who was precipitated to the Earth filled

With remorse at having offended the gods thearon fell a prey to the deepest Melancholy and wandered about for the remainder of his life in the loneliest and most desolate places after death he was honored in Corinth as a hero and an altar was erected to him in the Grove of Poseidon

Theus Aus king of Athens being twice married and having no children was so desirous of an heir to his throne that he made a pilgrimage to Deli in order to consult the Oracle but the response being ambiguous he repaired to trazine to consult his wise friend Pius who reigned over that

City by Whose advice he contracted a secret marriage with his friend friend’s daughter ethra after passing some time with his bride AAS prepared to take his departure for his own dominions but before doing so he led ethra to the seashore where after depositing his sword and sandals

Under a huge Rock he thus addressed her should the gods bless our Union with a son do not reveal to him the name and rank of his father until he is old enough to possess the strength requisite for moving this Stone then send him to my Palace at

Athens bearing these tokens of his identity a son was born to ethra whom she called Theus and who was carefully trained and educated by his grandfather pittius when he had developed to a strong and manly youth his mother conducted him to the spot where the rock

Had been placed by AAS and at her command he rolled away the stone and took possession of the sword and sandals which had Lain there for 16 years and which she now desired him to convey to his father AAS king of Athens his mother and grandfather were

Anxious that the youth should travel by the safe sea route the road between Trine and Athens being at this time infested with robbers of a great ferocity and enormous strength but feeling within himself the spirit of a hero thesias resolved to emulate the Deeds of Heracles with whose Fame all

Greece resounded and therefore chose the more dangerous journey by land as calculated to afford him an opportunity of distinguishing himself by Feats of Valor his first Adventure occurred at epid darus where he met periphetes a son of hephestus who was armed with an iron club with which he killed all

Travelers having received from his grandfather a full description of this Savage thesias at once recognized him and rushing upon him with his sword succeeded after a desperate encounter in killing him he appropriated the club as a trophy of his victory and proceeded on his journey without hindrance until he

Arrived at the istmas of Corinth here the people warned him to beware of CIS the robber who forced all travelers to bend with him one of the branches of a Tall Pine Tree having dragged It To The Ground the cruel sinus suddenly released his hold whereupon the bow rebounding

High up into the air the unfortunate victim was dashed to the ground and killed when Theus beheld cus advancing towards him he steadily awaited his approach then seizing his powerful Club he killed the inhuman wretch with one blow passing through the Woody District of cran Theus next slew a wild and

Dangerous s which had long ravaged the country he then continued his journey and approached the borders of Meara where on a narrow path overhanging the Sea dwelt The Wicked zon another Terror to Travelers it was his custom to compel all strangers who passed his Abode to wash his feet during which operation he

Kicked them over the rock into the sea Theus boldly attacked the giant overcame him and then flung his body over the cliff where so many of his victims had perished Theus now journeyed on to elus where he found another adversary in the person of King cersion who forced all

Comers to wrestle with him and killed those Those whom he vanquished but Theus overcame the mighty wrestler and slew him near elus on the banks of the river cicus Theus met with a new adventure here lived the giant damastes called procrustes or the stretcher who had two

Iron beds one being long and the other short into which he forced all strangers in the short one he placed the tall men whose limbs he cut to the size of the bed whilst to the short ones he assigned the large bed stretching them out to fit

It and thus he left his victims to expire in the most cruel torments Theus freed the country from this inhuman Monster by serving him as he had done his unfortunate victims the hero now continued his journey and at length reached Athens without meeting with Any Further Adventures when he had arrived at his

Destination he found his father a helpless tool in the hands of the sorceress media whom he had married after her departure from Corinth knowing by means of her Supernatural powers that Theus was the King’s son and fearing that her influence might be weakened by his presence she poisoned the mind of the

Old King against the stranger whom she represented as being a spy it was accordingly arranged that Theus should be invited to a banquet and a strong poison mixed with his wine now Theus had resolved to reveal himself at this feast to the father whom he yearned to

Embrace before tasting the wine he put his plan into execution and Drew out his sword so that the eyes of the king might rest upon it when Aus beheld once more the well-known weapon which he had so often wielded he knew that it was his son who stood before him he warmly

Embraced him presented him as his heir to his courters and subjects and then no longer able to endure the sight of media he banished her forever from his dominions when Theus was acknowledged as the rightful heir to the throne he was opposed by the 50 sons of Palace the

King’s brother who had confidently expected that on the demise of the Old King the government of the country would devolve upon them they therefore resolved to put Theus to death but their plans becoming known to him he surprised them as they lay in Ambush awaiting his approach and destroyed them

All fearing however lest the Athenians might entertain a prejudice against him on account of his ex termination of their fellow citizens the pald theas resolved to perform some signal service for the state which should gain for him the hearts of the people he accordingly decided to rid the country of the famous

Bull of marathon which had become a terror to the cultivators of the land he captured the animal and brought him in Chains to Athens where after publicly exhibiting him to the astonished multitude he solemnly sacrificed him to Apollo the next Enterprise undertaken by by Theus far surpassed all his other

Feats of her heroic daring and secured to him the universal admiration and gratitude of his fellow citizens this was the slaying of the Minotaur which put an end forever to the shameful tribute of seven youths and seven maidens which was exacted from the Athenians every 9 years the origin of this barbarous

Tribute was as follows Andros the youthful son of Minos king of creit having been treacherously murdered by the Athenian his father anxious to avenge the death of his son declared war against their King Aus and conquered Athens and the villages in its vicinity the Conqueror henceforth compelled the Athenians to send to him

Every nine years a tribute of seven youths and seven maidens of the noblest families in the land who became the prey of the minor a monster half man half bull whose Lair was in the wonderful Labyrinth constructed by Deus for the creedon king when Theus informed his father of

His heroic determination he was overwhelmed with grief and endeavored by every means in his power to shake his son’s resolution but confident of success Theus assured his father that he would slay the Minotaur and return home Victorious it was customary for the vessel bearing its unhappy Freight of

Human victims to use on this Voyage Black Sails only but thesias promised his father that should he return in safety he would hoist white ones in their place before leaving aam Theus by the advice of an oracle chose Aphrodite as his guardian and protectress and accordingly offered up a sacrifice to

Her when he arrived in the presence of King Minos the goddess of love inspired ariadne the beautiful daughter of the king with an Ardent attachment for the noble young hero during a secret interview in which a mutual confession of affection took place Ari Adney furnished him with a

Sharp sword and a CLE of thread the end of which she desired him to fasten at the entrance to the Labyrinth and to continue to unwind it till he reached the lair of the minur full of Hope as to the successful issue of his undertaking thesias took leave of the kind Maiden after

Expressing his gratitude for her timely Aid at the head of his companions he was now conducted by Minos to the entrance of the labyrinth strictly adhering to the injunctions of the fair ariadne he succeeded in finding the Minotaur whom after a Fierce and violent struggle he defeated and killed

Then carefully feeling his way by means of the clue of thread he led his companions safely out of the labyrinth they then fled to their ship taking with them the lovely Maiden to whose affection for their deliverer they owed their safety arrived at the island of naxos

Theus had a dream in which dionysis the wine God appeared to him and informed him that the fates had decreed that ariadne should be his bride at the same time menacing the hero with all kinds of misfortunes should he refuse to resign her now Theus having been taught from

His youth to reverence the gods feared to disobey the wishes of dionysis he accordingly took a sad farewell of the beautiful Maiden who so tenderly loved him and left her on the Lonely Island where she was found and woed by by the wine God Theseus and his companions felt

Keenly the loss of their benefactress and in their grief at parting with her forgot that the ship still bore the Black Sails with which she had left the attic Coast as she neared the port of Athens AAS who was anxiously awaiting the return of his son on the beach caught

Sight of the vessel with its Black Sails and concluding that his Gallant son had perished threw himself in despair into the sea with the unanimous approval of the Athenians Theus now ascended the vacant throne and soon proved himself to be not only a valiant hero but also a wise Prince and prudent

Legislator atham was at this time but a small City surrounded by a number of villages Each of which possessed its own separate form of government but by means of kind and conciliatory measures Theus induced the heads of these different communities to resign their sovereignty and to entrust the administration of

Public affairs to a court which should sit constantly at Athens and exercise jurisdiction over all the inhabitants of ateka the result of these judicious measures was that the Athenians became a United and powerful people and that numbers of strangers and foreigners flocked to Athens which became a flourishing Maritime port and a

Commercial center of great importance Theus renewed the isian games and also instituted numerous festivals the principal of which was the Pantha held in honor of Athena polyas it is related that aesus upon one occasion arrived during a voyage at the Amazonian Coast anxious to ascertain the object of

His visit the Amazon sent hippol one of their number with presents to the stranger but no sooner did the fair Herald set foot on board his vessel than Theus set sail and carried her off to Athens where he made her his Queen enraged at this indignity the amans determined to be revenged sometime

Afterwards when the whole affair would appear to have been forgotten They seized the opportunity when the city of Athens was in a defenseless condition and landed an Army in ateka so sudden was their attack that they had penetrated into the very Heart of the City before the Athenians could organize

Their forces bethus expeditiously collected his troops and commenced such a furious Onslaught upon the Invaders that after a desperate encounter they would driven from the city peace was then concluded whereupon the amans vacated the country during this engagement hippolita forgetful of her origin fought valiantly by the side of her husband against her

Own kinsfolk and perished on the field of battle it was soon after this sad event that Theus joined the world-renowned Caledonian bore hunt in which he took a leading part he also formed one of the Brave band who shared in the Perils of the argonautic Expedition the remarkable friendship

Which existed between Theus and perus originated under such peculiar circumstances that it is worthy of mention hearing upon one occasion that his herds pasturing in the plains of marathon had been carried off by perthus Theus collected together an armed force and SED forth to punish the plunderer

But when the two Heroes met face to face both were seized with an Impulse of sympathetic admiration for each other peras holding out his hand in a token of Peace exclaimed what satisfaction shall I render thee othius be thou thyself the judge Theus seized the prophet hand and

Replied I ask not save thy friendship whereupon the heroes Embrace each other and swore Eternal Fidelity when soon afterwards peridis became United to hippodamia a thean princess he invited thesias to the wedding Feast which was also attended among other guests by a large number of Centaur who were friends of

Perthus towards the end of the banquet ion a young Centaur heated and flushed with wine seized the lovely bride and sought by force to carry her off the other Centaur following his example each endeavored to capture a maiden perus and his followers aided by Theus who rendered most valuable assistance

Attacked the centur and after a violent hand-to-hand struggle in which many perished forced them to relinquish their prey after the death of Hippo thesias sought the hand of fedra the sister of his former bride ariadne to whom he became United for some years they lived happily together and their Union was

Blessed by the birth of two sons during this time hippitus the son of the Amazonian Queen had been absent from home having been placed under the care of the king’s uncles in order to be educated when having grown to manhood he now returned to his father’s Palace his

Young stepmother fedra fell violently in love with him but hippitus failed to return her affection and treated her with contempt and indifference filled with rage and despair at his coldness fedra put an end to her existence and when she was discovered by her husband she held in

Her hand a letter accusing hpus of being the cause of her death and of having conspired against the honor of the king now Poseidon had upon one occasion promised to Grant Theus whatever request he should demand he therefore called upon the sea god to destroy hippitus whom he cursed

In the most solemn manner the father’s awful malediction fell but too soon upon his innocent son for as the latter was driving his Chariot along the seashore between trazine and Athens a monster sent by Poseidon rose out of the deep and so frightened the horses that they became altogether

Unmanageable as they rushed on in their mad career The Chariot was dashed to pieces and the unfortunate youth whose feet had become entangled in the rains was dragged along until life was nearly extinct in this condition he was found by the unhappy Theus who having ascertained the

True fact of the case from an old servant of fedra had hastened to prevent the catastrophe but he arrived too late and was only able to soothe the last moments of his dying Son by acknowledging the sad mistake which he had committed and declaring his firm belief in his honor and

Innocence after these events Theus was persuaded by his friend perus who had also about this time lost his young wife hipod IA to join him in a journey through Greece with the object of carrying off by force the most beautiful maidens whom they should chance to meet arrived at Sparta they beheld in

The temple of emis Helen the daughter of Zeus and leer who was engaged in performing sacred dances in honor of the Goddess although the maiden was only 9 years old the fame of her beauty which was destined to play so important a part in the history of Greece had already

Spread far and wide Theus and perus forc ibly abducted her and then having cast lots for her she fell to Theus who placed her under the charge of his mother ethra perus now requested Theus to assist him in his ambitious scheme of descending to the lower world and

Carrying off pany the queen of Hades though Fully Alive to The Perils of the undertaking phius would not forsake his friend and together they sought the gloomy realm of Shades but aades had been forewarned of their approach and scarcely had the two friends set foot within his Dominion I

When by his orders they were seized bound with chains and secured to an enchanted rock at the entrance of Hades here the two friends languished for many years until Heracles passed by in his search for Cerberus when he released Theus but in obedience to an injunction

Of the Gods left perus to endure forever the punishment of his too daring ambition while Theus was imprisoned in the Underworld Castor and Pollock the brothers of Helen in invaded Athens and demanded the restoration of their young sister seeing his country threatened with the horrors of warfare an Athenian

Citizen named academus who knew of Helen’s place of concealment repaired to the camp of the diori and informed them where they would find her ethra at once resigned her charge whereupon the brothers took leave of Athens and accompanied by Helen returned to their native country but the prolonged absence of

Theus gave rise to other Troubles of a more serious character character thinking the opportunity favorable for a Revolt a faction headed by mesus a descendant of arus arrogated to themselves supreme power and seized the Reigns of government returned to Athens Theus at once took active measures to quell the

Insubordination which existed on all sides he expelled mantius from Office rigorously punished the ring leaders of the revolt and placed himself once more upon the throne but his hold upon the people was gone his former Services were all forgotten and finding at length that dissensions and revolts were Rife he voluntarily

Abdicated the throne and retired to his Estates in the island of cyos here lydes King of the island feigned to receive him with the utmost friendship but being as it is supposed in League with mantius he led the Old King to the summit of a high Rock under pretense of

Showing him his Estates and treacherously killed him by pushing him over of the cliff many centuries after his death by the command of the Oracle of Deli Simon the father of miliadis at the conclusion of the Persian War brought the remains of Theus the great benefactor of Athens to that City and in

His honor a temple was erected which exists to the present day and serves as a museum of art end of section 26 section 27 of myths and Legends edus leus King of Thieves the son of labus and a direct descendant of Cadmus was married to jast the daughter of a

Noble thean an oracle having foretold that he would perish by the hand of his own son he determined to destroy the infant whom jast had just given birth with the consent of his wife whose affection for her husband overcame her love for her child he pierced the feet

Of The Babe bound them together and handed the the infant over to a servant with instructions to expose him on Mount Sion to perish but instead of obeying this cruel command the servant entrusted him to a Shepherd who was tending the flocks of pibus King of Corinth and then

Returned to leas and joast and informed them that their orders had been obeyed the parents were satisfied with the intelligence and quieted their conscience by the reflection that they had thus prevented their son from committing the crime of paraside meanwhile The Shepherd of King polybus had Unbound the feet of the infant and

In consequence of their being much swollen he called him edus or swollen foot he then carried him to the king his master who pitying the poor little waif enlisted for him the kind offices of his wife merope edus was adopted by the king and queen as their own son and grew up

In the belief that they were his parents until one day a Corinthian Noble taunted him at a banquet with not being being the son of the king stung at the reproach the youth appealed to merope but receiving an equivocal though kindly answer he repaired to Deli to consult

The Oracle the pythia vouchsafed no reply to his inquiry but informed him to his horror that he was fated to kill his father and to marry his own mother filled with dismay for he was tenderly attached to polybus and merope edus determined not to return to Corinth

And took instead the road leading to biosa on his way a chariot passed him in which sat an old man with two servants who rudely pushed The Pedestrian out of the path in the scuffle which ensued edus struck the old man with his heavy stick and he fell back dead on the seat

Of The Chariot struck with dismay at the unpremeditated murder which he had committed the youth fled and left the spot without learning that the old man whom he had killed was his father leus King of Thieves not not long after this occurrence the Sphinx full details of

Whom have already been given was sent by the goddess Hera as a punishment to the theevans stationed on a rocky height just outside the city she propounded to the passers by riddles which she had been taught by the muses and whoever failed to solve them was torn in pieces

And devoured by the monster and in this man great numbers of the inhabitants of Thieves had perished now on the death of the Old King leus crayon the brother of the widowed Queen had seized the Reigns of government and mounted the vacant throne and when at length his own son fell a

Victim to the Sphinx he resolved at all cost to rid the country of this fearful Scourge he accordingly issued a proclamation that the kingdom and the Hand of the sister joast should be awarded to him who should succeed in solving one of the riddles of the Sphinx

It having been foretold by an oracle that only then would the country be freed from the monster just as this Proclamation was being made in the streets of Thieves edus with his Pilgrim’s staff in his hand entered the city tempted by the prospect of so magnificent a reward he repaired to the

Rock and boldly requested the Sphinx to propound to him one of her riddles she proposed to him one which she deemed impossible of solution but edus at once saw it whereupon the Sphinx full of rage and despair precipitated herself into the abyss and perished edus received the promised reward he became King of

Thieves and the husband of joast the Widow of his father King leus for many years edus enjoyed the greatest happiness and Tranquility four children were born to him two sons ioc and polyes and two daughters antigon and isine but at last the gods Afflicted the country with a grievous pestilence which

Made terrible Havoc among the people in their distress they entreated the help of the king who was regarded by his subjects as a special favorite of the Gods edus consulted an Oracle and the response was that the pestilence would continue to rage until the land was

Purified of the blood of King leus whose murderer was living unpunished at thieves the king now invoked the most solemn imprecations on the head of the murderer and offered a reward for any information concerning him he then sent for the blind old seer tius and implored

Him by means of his prophetic powers to reveal to him the author of the crime tius had first hesitated but yielding to the earnest solicitations of the king the old Prophet thus addressed him thou thyself art the murderer of the Old King leus who was thy father and thou art

Wedded to his widow thine own mother in order to convince edus of the truth of his words he brought forward the old servant who had exposed him as a babe on Mount Sion and the shepherd who had conveyed him to King polybus horrified at this awful Revelation edus in a fit

Of Despair deprived himself of sight and the unfortunate Joe cast unable to survive her disgrace hanged herself accompanied by his faithful and devoted daughter antigon edus quitted thieves and became a miserable and homeless Outcast begging his bread from place to place at length after a long and painful

Pilgrimage he found a place of Refuge in the The Grove of thees at Colonus near Athens where his last moments were soothed and tended by the care and devotion of the faithful antigon the seven against thieves after the voluntary abdication of edus his two sons EOC and polyes took possession of

The crown and reigned over the city of Thieves but EOC being an ambitious Prince soon seized the Reigns of government himself and expelled his brother from the throne polyes now repaired to Argos where he arrived in the dead of night outside the gates of the Royal Palace he encountered

Tius the son of enus King of kaledon having accidentally killed a relative in the chase tius was also a fugitive but being mistaken by polyes in the darkness for an enemy a quarrel ensued which might have ended fatally had not King adrus aroused by the clamor appeared on

The scene and parted the combatants By the Light of the Torches borne by his attendants a dras this observed to his surprise that on the shield of polyes a lion was depicted and on that of tius aore the former bore this Insignia in honor of the renowned hero Heracles the

Latter in memory of the famous Caledonian bore hunt this circumstance reminded the king of an extraordinary oracular prediction concerning his two beautiful daughters Aria and dile which was to the effect think that he would give them in marriage to a lion and a boar hailing with delight what he

Regarded as an auspicious solution of the mysterious prophecy he invited The Strangers into his Palace and when he heard their history and had convinced himself that they were of noble birth he bestowed upon polyus his beautiful daughter argia and upon tius the fair deile promising at the same time that he

Would assist both his sons-in-law to regain their rightful patrimony the first care of adrastus was to Aid pois in regaining possession of his lawful share in the government of Thieves he accordingly invited the most powerful Chiefs in his kingdom to join in the Expedition all of whom readily

Obeyed the call with the exception of the king’s brother-in-law amarus The Seer as he foresaw disastrous termination to the Enterprise and knew that not one of the heroes save adrastus himself would return alive he earnestly dissuaded the king from carrying out his project and declined to take any part in the

Undertaking but address this seconded by polyes and tius was obstinately bent on the achievement of his purpose and Urus in order to escape from their importunities concealed himself in a hiding place known only to his wife arile now on the occasion of the marriage of aaras it had been agreed

That if he ever differed in opinion with the King his wife should decide the question as the presence of amparas was indispensable to the success of the undertaking and moreover as adrus would not enter upon it without the eye of the army as he called his brother-in-law pois bent on securing his Services

Determined to bribe arile to use her influence with her husband and to decide the question in accordance with his wishes he be thought himself of the beautiful necklace of harmonia wife of Cadmus which he had brought with him in his flight from thieves without loss of time he presented himself before the

Wife of ampus and held up to her admiring gaze the glittering Bobble promising that if she revealed The Hiding Place of her husband and induced him to join the Expedition the necklace would be hers arile unable to withstand the tempting bait accepted the bribe and thus amphis was compelled to join the

Army but before leaving his home he extorted a solemn promise from his son Almon that should he perish on the field of battle he would avenge his death on his mother the perfidious arile seven leaders were now chosen each at the head of a separate Detachment of

Troops these were adrus the king his two brothers Hipp omidon and paropo capanas his nephew polyus and Tidus and aaras when the Army was collected they set out for nemia which was at this time governed by King lerus here the argives being short of water halted on the

Outskirts of a forest in order to search for a spring when they saw a majestic and beautiful woman Seated on the trunk of a tree nursing an infant They concluded from her Noble and queenly appearance that she must be a goddess but were informed by her that she was

Hipip Queen of the lemnian who had been carried away captive by Pirates and sold as a slave to King lerus and that she was now acting as nurse to his infant son when the Warriors told her that they were in search of water she laid the

Child down in the grass and led them to a secret spring in the forest with which she alone was acquainted but on their return they found to their grief that the unfortunate babe had been killed during their absence by a serpent they slew the reptile and then collecting the

Remains of the infant they buried them with funeral honors and proceeded on their way the warlike host now appeared before the walls of Thieves and each leader placed himself before one of the seven Gates of the city in Readiness for the attack EOC in conjunction with Creon had

Made due preparations to repel the Invaders and had stationed troops under the command of trusty leaders to guard each of the gates then according to the practice of the Ancients of Consulting soothsayers before entering upon any undertaking the blind old Seer tius was sent for who after carefully taking the

Augues from the flight of birds declared that all efforts to defend the city would prove unavailing unless the youngest descendant of the House of Cadmus would offer himself as a voluntary sacrifice for the good of the state when Creon heard the words of the Seer his first thought was of his

Favorite son menus the youngest San of the Royal House who was present at the interview he therefore earnestly implored him to leave the city and to repair for safety to Deli but the Gallant youth heroically resolved to sacrifice his life for the benefit of his his country and after taking leave

Of his old father mounted the city walls and plunging a dagger into his heart perished in the sight of the contending hosts adrus now gave his troops the word of command to storm the city and they rushed forward to the attack with great Valor the battle raged long and

Furiously and after heavy losses on both sides the argives were routed and put to flight after the lapse of some days they reorganized their forces and again appeared before for the gates of Thieves when AOC grieved to think that there should be such a terrible loss of life

On his account sent a Herald into the opposite camp with a proposition that the fate of the campaign should be decided by single combat between himself and his brother Poes the challenge was readily accepted and in the duel which took place outside the city walls in the sight of the Rival

Forces EOC and polyes were both fatally wounded and expired on the field of battle but both sides now claimed the day and the result was that hostilities recommenced and soon the battle raged with greater Fury than ever but victory at last declared itself for the thians in their flight the argives lost all

Their leaders a dras this accepted who owed his safety to the fleetness of his horse Arion by the death of the brothers Creon became once more King of Thieves and in order to show his abhorrence of the conduct of polyes in fighting against his country he strictly forbade

Anyone to bury either his remains or those of his allies but the faithful antigon who had returned to thieves on the death of her father could not endure that the body of her brother should remain unburied she therefore bravely disregarded the orders of the king and endeavored to give sepulture to the

Remains of polyes when cron discovered that his commands had been set at Defiance he inhumanly condemned the devoted Maiden to be inomed alive in a Subterranean vault but retribution was at hand his son Heman who was betrothed to antigon having contrived to in effect an entrance into the Vault was horrified to

Find that antigon had hanged herself by her veil feeling that life without her would be intolerable he threw himself in despair on his own sword and after solemnly invoking the malediction of the Gods on the head of his father expired beside the dead body of his betroth

Hardly had the news of the tragic fate of his son reached the king before another messenger appeared bearing the tidings that his wife uicy on hearing of the death of Heman had put an end to her existence and thus the king found himself in his old age both widowed and

Childless nor did he succeed in the execution of his vindictive designs for draus who after his flight from thieves had taken Refuge at Athens induced Theus to lead an Army against the thians to compel them to restore the dead bodies of the are give Warriors to their

Friends in order that they might perform due funeral rights in honor of the slain this undertaking was successfully accomplished and the remains of the fallen heroes were interred with due honors end of section 27 section 28 of myths and legends the epigoni 10 years after these events the

Sons of the slain Heroes who were called epigoni or descendant resolved to avenge the death of their fathers and with this object entered upon a new Expedition against the city of Thieves by the advice of the delic Oracle the command was entrusted to alchon the son of amparas but

Remembering the injunction of his father he hesitated to accept this post before executing Vengeance on his mother arile thander however the son of polyus adopting similar tactics to those of his father bribed arile with the beautiful veil of harmonia bequeath to him by polyes to induce her son Almon and his

Brother ocus to join in the second war against thieves now the mother of Almon was gifted with that rare Fascination which renders its possessor irresistible to all who may chance to come within its influence nor was her own son able to withstand her blandishments yielding therefore to her Wy representations he

Accepted the command of the troops and at the head of a large and Powerful Army Advanced upon thieves before the gates of the city Alon encountered the thebans under the command of laodamas the son of eoes a fierce battle ensued in which the thean leader after performing prodigies

Of Valor perished by the hand of Almon after losing their Chief and the flower of their army the theevans retreated behind the city wall walls and the enemy now pressed them hard on every side in their distress they appealed to the blind old Seer tyresius who was over

100 years old with Trembling Lips and in broken accents he informed them that they could only save their lives by abandoning their native City with their wives and families upon this they dispatched ambassadors into the enemy’s camp and whilst these were protracting negotiations during the night the thians

With their wives and children evacuated the city next morning the argives entered thieves and plundered it placing thander the son of Poes who was a descendant of Cadmus on the throne which his father had so vainly contested elmeon and the necklace when Almon returned from his expedition against the thebans he

Determined to fulfill the last injunction of his father aaras who had desired him to be revenged on his mother Eros file for her perfidy in accepting a bribe to betray him this resolution was further strengthened by the discovery that his unprincipled mother had urged him also to join the expedition in

Return for the much coveted veil of harmonia he therefore put her to death and taking with him the ill-fated necklace and Veil abandoned forever the home of his fathers but the gods who could not suffer so unnatural a crime to go unpunished Afflicted him with Madness

And sent one of the furies to pursue him unceasingly in this unhappy condition he wandered about from place to place until at last having reached sopus in Arcadia figus King of the country not only purified him of his crime but also bestowed upon him the hand of his

Daughter Areno to whom alchon presented the necklace and Veil which had already been the cause of so much unhappiness though now released from his mental Affliction the curse which hung over him was not entirely removed and on his account the country of his adoption was visited with a severe drought on

Consulting the article of delpi he was informed that any land which offered him shelter would be cursed by the gods and that the malediction would continue to follow him till he came to a country which was not in existence at the time he had murdered his mother bereft of

Hope and resolved no longer to cast the shadow of his dark fate over those he loved Alon took a tender leave of his wife and little son and became once more an outcast and Wanderer arrived after a long and painful pilgrimage at the river aalas he discovered to his unspeakable joy a

Beautiful and fertile Island which had but lately emerged from beneath the water here he took up his Abode and in this Haven of Rest he was at length freed from his sufferings and finally purified of his crime by the river god aolis but in his Newfound home home

Where Prosperity smiled upon Him Alon soon forgot the loving wife and child he had left behind and wooed cero the beautiful daughter of the river god who became United to him in marriage for many years Almon and cero lived happily together and two sons were born to them

But unfortunately for the Peace of her husband the daughter of aulus had heard of the celebrated necklace and veil of harmonia and became seized with a violent desire to become the possessor of these precious Treasures now the necklace and Bale were in the safekeeping of Areno but as Almon

Had carefully concealed the fact of his former marriage from his young wife he informed her when no longer able to combat her importunities that he had concealed them in a cave in his native country and promised to hasten thither and procure them for her he accordingly

Took leave of cero and his children and proceeded to sopus where he presented himself before his deserted wife and her father King figus to them he excused his absence by the fact of his having suffered from a fresh attack of Madness and added that an oracle had foretold

Him that his malady would only be cured when he had deposited the necklace and veil of harmonia in the temple of Apollo at Deli Areno deceived by his Artful representations unhesitatingly restored to him his Bridal gifts whereupon Almon set out on his Homeward Journey well satisfied with the successful issue of his

Expedition but the Fatal necklace and Veil were doomed to bring ruin and disaster to all who possessed them during his sojourn at the court of king figus one of the servants who had accompanied Almon betrayed The Secret of his Union with the daughter of the river

God and when the king informed his sons of his treacherous conduct they determined to avenge the wrongs of their sister Areno they accordingly concealed M themselves at a point of the road which Almon was compelled to pass and as he neared the spot they suddenly emerged

From their place of Ambush fell upon him and dispatched him when Areno who still loved her faithless husband heard of The Murder She bitterly reproached her brothers for the crime which they had perpetrated at which they were so incensed that they placed her in a chest and conveyed her

To aapor son of anus at tigia here they accused her of the murder for which they themselves were guilty and she suffered a painful death cero on learning the sad fate of alchon implored Zeus that her infant Sons might grow at once to manhood and Avenge the death of their

Father the ruler of Olympus heard the petition of the bereaved wife and in answer to her prayer the children of yesterday became transformed into bearded men full of strength and courage and thirsting for Revenge hastening to tigia they there ENC encountered the sons of figus who

Were about to repair to Deli in order to deposit the necklace and veil in the sanctuary of Apollo and before the brothers had time to defend themselves the stalwart sons of cero rushed upon them and slew them they then proceeded to sopus where they killed King figus

And his wife after which they returned to their mother with the necklace and Veil which by the command of her father aolis were deposited as sacred offerings in the temple of Apollo at Deli the heracle day after the apotheosis of Heracles his children were so cruy persecuted by Urus that they

Fled for protection to King syes at tachin accompanied by the aid iolis the nephew and lifelong friend of their father who constituted himself their guide and protector but on Urus demanding surrender of the fugitives the herac knowing that the small Force at the disposal ofing king syes would be

Altogether inadequate to protect them against the powerful King of Argos abandoned his territory and sought Refuge at Athens where they were hospitably received by King deun the son of the Great Hero Theus he warmly espoused their cause and determined to protect them at all costs against uthus

Who had dispatched a numerous force in pursuit of them when the Athenians had made all necessary preparations to repel the inv an oracle announced that the sacrifice of a maiden of noble birth was necessary to ensure to them Victory whereupon macaria the beautiful daughter of Heracles and deona magnanimously offered

Herself as a sacrifice and surrounded by the noblest matrons and maidens of Athens voluntarily devoted herself to death while these events were transpiring in Athens hilus the eldest son of Heracles and Deano had Advanced with a large army to the assistance of his brothers and having sent a messenger

To the king announcing his arrival deaun with his army joined his forces in the thick of battle which ensued iolis following a sudden impulse borrowed the Chariot of hilus and earnestly entreated Zeus and he to restore to him for this one day only the Vigor and strength of his youth his

Prayer was heard a thick Cloud descend Ed from heaven and enveloped The Chariot and when it disappeared iolis in the full plentitude of manly Vigor stood revealed before the astonished gaze of the combatants he then LED on his Valiant band of Warriors and soon the enemy was in headlong flight and Urus

Who was taken prisoner was put to death by the command of king dapon after greatly acknowledging the timely Aid of the Athenians hilus accompanied by the faithful iolis and his Brothers took leave of King demon and proceeded to invade the pelonis which they regarded as their lawful

Patrimony for according to the will of Zeus it should have been the rightful possession of their father the Great Hero Heracles had not Hera maliciously defeated his plans by causing his cousin Urus to prede him into the world for the space of 12 months the herac contrived to maintain themselves in the pelop

But at the expiration of that time a pestilence broke out which spread over the entire Peninsula and compelled the herac to evacuate the country and return to ateka where for a time they settled after the lapse of three years hus resolved on making another effort to obtain his paternal inheritance before

Setting out on the Expedition however he consulted the Oracle of delpi and the response was that he must wait for the third fruit before the Enterprise would prove successful interpreting this ambiguous reply to signify the third summer hus controlled his impatience for 3 years when having collected a powerful

Army he once more entered the pelonis at the ithmus of Corinth he was opposed by atus the son of pelops who at the death of Urus had inherited the kingdom in order to save Bloodshed hilus offered to decide his claims by single combat the conditions being that if he

Were victorious he and his brothers should obtain Undisputed possession of their rights but if defeated the herac were to desist for 50 years from attempting to press their claim the challenge was accepted by eimon King of tigia and hilus lost his life in the encounter whereupon the sons of Heracles

In virtue of their agreement abandoned the pelonis and retired to Marathon hus was succeeded by his son codus who at the expiration of the appointed time collected a large army and invaded the penesis but he was not more successful than his father had been and perished

There with all his forces 20 years later his son aristois consulted an oracle which promised him Victory if he went by way of the defile the herac day once more set out but were again defeated and aristois shared the fate of his father and grand grandfather and fell on the

Field of battle when at the expiration of 30 years the sons of aramakis temus cantus and aristodemus again consulted the Oracle the answer was still the same but this time the following explanation accompanied the response the third fruit signified the third generation to which they themselves belonged and not the

Third fruit of the earth and by the defile was indicated not the ismith of Corinth but the Straits on the right of the ismus temus Lost no time in collecting an army and building ships of War but just as all was ready and the fleet about to sail aristodemus the youngest

Of the brothers was struck by lightning to add to their misfortunes hippolyt a descendant of Heracles who had joined in the Expedition killed the soothsayer whom he mistook for a spy and the Gods in their displeasure sent violent tempests by means of which the ire fleet was destroyed whilst famine and

Pestilence decimated the ranks of the army the Oracle on being again consulted advised that hippolyt being the offenders should be banished from the country for 10 years and that the command of the troops should be delegated to a man having three eyes a search was at once instituted by the

Herac for a man answering to this description who was found at length in the person of axilus a descendant of the aolan race of Kings in obedience to the command of the Oracle hippolyt was banished an army and Fleet once more equipped and oxus elected commanderin-chief and now success at length crowned the

Efforts of the longsuffering descendants of the Great Hero they obtained possession of the ppenis which was divided among them by lot Argos fell to temus Ladon to aristodemus and mine to cantes in gratitude for the services of their able leader axilus the kingdom of Ellis was conferred upon him by the

Herac end of section 28 section 29 the sieg of Troy Troy or ilon was the capital of a kingdom in Asia Minor situated near the helis Pont and founded by ilis son of Tross at the time of the famous Trojan War this city was under the government of pream a

Direct descendant of ilis pream was married to huba daughter of damus king of thce and among the most celebrated of their children were the renowned and Valiant Hector the prophetes Cassandra and Paris the cause of the Trojan War before the birth of her second son Paris

Huba dreamt that she had given birth to a flaming brand which was interpreted by by isus the Sea a son of prium by a former marriage to signify that she would bear a son who would cause the destruction of the city of Troy anxious to prevent the Fulfillment of the

Prophecy huba caused her newborn babe to be exposed on Mount Ida to perish but being found by some kind-hearted Shepherds the child was readed by them and grew up unconscious of his Noble birth as the boy Bo approached manhood he became remarkable not only for his wonderful beauty of form and feature but

Also for his strength and courage which he exercised in defending the flocks from the attacks of robbers and wild beasts hence he was called Alexander or helper of men it was about this time that he settled the famous dispute concerning the golden apple thrown by the goddess of Discord into the Assembly

Of the Gods as we have already seen he gave his decision in favor of Aphrodite thus creating for himself two implacable enemies for Hera and Athen never forgave the slight Paris became United to a beautiful nymph named sonon with whom he lived happily in the seclusion and

Tranquility of a pastoral life but to her deep grief this peaceful existence was not fated to be of long dur ation hearing that some ferial games were about to be held in Troy in honor of a departed relative of the King Paris resolved to visit the capital and take

Part in them himself there he so greatly distinguished himself in a contest with his unknown Brothers Hector and Def phobus that the proud young princes enraged that an skewer Shepherd should snatch from them the prize of Victory were about to create a disturbance when Cassandra who had been a spectator

Of the proceedings stepped forward and announced to them that the humble peasant who had so signally defeated them was their own brother Paris he was then conducted to the presence of his parents who joyfully acknowledged him as their child and amidst the festivities and rejoicings in honor of their

Newfound son the ominous prediction of the past was forgotten as a proof of of his confidence the king now entrusted Paris with a somewhat delicate Mission as we have already seen in the legend of Heracles that great hero conquered Troy and after killing king leaman carried away captive his beautiful daughter

Hesion whom he bestowed in marriage to his friend telamon but although she became princess of Salamis and lived happily with her husband her brother PRI never ceased to regret her loss and the indignity which had been passed upon his house and it was now proposed that Paris should be

Equipped with a numerous Fleet and proceed to Greece in order to demand the restoration of the King’s sister before setting out on this Expedition Paris was warned by Cassandra against bringing home a wife from Greece and she predicted that if he disregarded her injunction he would bring inevitable

Ruin upon the city of Troy and destruction to the house of Priam under the command of Paris the fleet set sail and arrived safely in Greece here the young Trojan Prince first beheld Helen the daughter of Zeus and ler and sister of the dioscuri who was the wife of

Menus King of Sparta and the loveliest woman of her time the most renowned heroes in Greece had sought the honor of her hand but her step father tarius King of Sparta fearing that if he bestowed her in marriage on one of her numerous lovers he would make enemies of the rest

Made it a stipulation that all suitors should solemnly swear to assist and defend the successful candidate with all the means at their command in any Feud which might Hereafter arise in connection with the marriage he at length conferred the hand hand of Helen upon Manus a warlike Prince devoted to

Martial exercises and the pleasure of the chase to whom he resigned his throne and Kingdom when Paris arrived at Sparta and sought Hospitality at the Royal Palace he was kindly received by King menus at the banquet given in his honor he Charmed both host and Hostess by his graceful Manner and varied

Accomplishments and especially ingratiated himself with the fair Helen to whom he presented some rare and Chase trinkets of Asiatic manufacturer whilst Paris was still a guest at the court of the King of Sparta the latter received an invitation from his friend eminus king of crit to join him in a Hunting

Expedition and manalus being of an unsuspicious and easy temperament accepted the invitation leaving to Helen the duty of entertaining the distinguished stranger captivated by her surpassing loveliness the Trojan Prince forgot every sense of honor and Duty and resolved to Rob his absent host of his beautiful wife he accordingly collected

His followers and with their assistance stormed the royal castle possessed himself of the rich Treasures which it contained and succeeded in carrying off its beautiful and not altogether unwilling mistress they at once set sail but were driven by stress of weather to the island of crania where they cast

Anchor and it was not until some years had elapsed during which time home and country were forgotten that Paris and Helen proceeded to Troy preparations for the war when manaus heard of the violation of his hear and home he proceeded to pyos accompanied by his brother Agamemnon in order to consult

The Wise Old King Nestor who was renowned for his great experience and statecraft on hearing the facts of the case Nestor expressed it as his opinion that only by means of the combined efforts of all the states of Greece could menaus hope to regain Helen in defiance of so powerful a kingdom as

That of Troy menas and Agamemnon now raised the war cry which was unanimously responded to from one end of Greece to the other many of those who volunteered their services were former suitors of the fair Helen and were therefore Bound by their oath to support the cause of

Menaus others joined from pure love of Adventure but one and all were deeply impressed with the disgrace race which would attach to their country should such a crime be suffered to go unpunished thus a powerful Army was collected in which few names of note were missing only in the case of two

Great Heroes Odus ulyses and achilles did menus experience any difficulty odyusa for his wisdom and great astuteness was at this time living happily in Ithaca with his fair young wife Penelope and his little son tacus and was loathed to leave his happy home for a perilous foreign expedition of

Uncertain duration when therefore his Services were solicited he feigned Madness but the shrewd palamas a distinguished hero in the suit of manalus detected and exposed the Roose and thus odius was forced to join in the war but he never forgave the interference of palamedes and as we shall see eventually revenged himself

Upon him in a most cruel manner Achilles was the son of pelus and the sea goddess thetus who is said to have dipped her son when a babe in the river stes and thereby rendered him invulnerable except in the right heel by which she held him

When the boy was 9 years old it was for told to thetus that he would either enjoy a long life of Inglorious ease and inactivity or that after a brief career of Victory he would die the death of a hero naturally desirous of prolonging the life of of her son the fond mother

Devoutly hoped that the former fate might be allotted to him with this view she conveyed him to the island of skyros in the aan sea where disguised as a girl he was brought up among the daughters of ledes King of the country now that the presence of Achilles was required owing

To an oracular prediction that Troy could not be taken without him menaus consulted calcas the suer who revealed to him the place of his concealment odyusa to skyros where by means of a clever device he soon discovered which among the maidens was the object of his search disguising himself as a merchant

Adius obtained an introduction to the Royal Palace where he offered to the King’s Daughters various trinkets for sale the girls with one exception all examined his Wares with unfeigned interest observing this circumstance OD shrewdly concluded that the one who held aloof must be none other than the young

Achilles himself but in order further to test the correctness of his deduction he now exhibited a beautiful set of warlike acats whilst at a given signal stirring strains of Marshal music were heard outside whereupon Achilles fired with warlike Ard seized the weapons and thus revealed his identity he now joined the

Cause of the Greeks accompanied at the request of his father by his Kinsman patras and contributed to the Expedition a large force of the Salan troops or mids as they were called and also 50 ships for 10 long years Agamemnon and the other Chiefs devoted all their

Energy and means in preparing for the Expedition against Troy but during these warlike preparations an attempt at a peaceful solution of the difficulty was not neglected an embassy consisting of manalus odesus Etc was despatched to King Priam demanding the surrender of Helen but though the embassy was received with the utmost Pomp and

Ceremony the demand was nevertheless rejected upon which the ambassadors returned to Greece and the order was given for the fleet to assemble at Oris in boaa never before in the annals of Greece had so large an Army been collected 100,000 warriors were assembled at Aus and in its Bay floated

Over a thousand ships ready to convey them to the Trojan Coast the command of this Mighty host was entrusted to Agamemnon king of Argos the most powerful of all the Greek princes before the fleet set sail solemn sacrifices were offered to the Gods on the seashore when suddenly a serpent was seen to

Ascend a plain Tree in which was a Sparrow’s Nest containing nine young ones the reptile first devoured the young birds and then their mother after which it was turned by Zeus into stone kcast the soothsayer on being consulted interpreted the miracle to signify that the war with Troy would last for 9 years

And that only in the 10th would the city be taken departure of the Greek Fleet the fleet then set sail but mistaking the Mizan Coast for that of Troy they landed troops and commenced to ravage the country Telus King of the Misan who had a son of the Great Hero Heracles

Opposed them with a large army and succeeded in driving them back to their ships but was himself wounded in the engagement by the Spear of Achilles Petras who fought valiantly by the side of his Kinsman was also wounded in this battle but a killes who was a pupil of

Chiron carefully bound up the wound which he succeeded in healing and from this incident dates the celebrated friendship which ever existed between the two Heroes who even in death remained United the Greeks now returned to orus Meanwhile the wound of Telus proving incurable he consulted an Oracle

And the response was that he alone who had inflicted the wound possessed the power of curing it Telus accordingly proceeded to the Greek camp where he was healed by Achilles and at the solicitation of aysus consented to act as guide in The Voyage to Troy just as

The expedition was about to start for the second time agamon had The Misfortune to kill a hind sacred to aramus who in her anger sent continuous Cals which prevented the fleet from setting sail calus on being consulted announced that the sacrifice of igia the daughter of Agamemnon would alone

Appease the incensed goddess how Agamemnon at length overcame his feeling as a father and how Eugenia was saved by aramus himself has been already related in a previous chapter a fair wind having at length sprung up the fleet once more set sail they first stopped at the island of tenidos where the famous

Archer philes who possessed the bow and arrows of Heracles given to him by the dying hero Was Bitten in the foot by a venomous snake so unbearable was the odor emitted by that wound that at the suggestion of adus philes was conveyed to the Island of Lesbos where to his

Great Chagrin he was abandoned to his fate and the fleet proceeded on their journey to Troy commencement of hostilities having received early intelligence of the impending invasion of their country the Trojan sought the assistance of their neighboring states who all gallantly responded to their call for help and thus ample

Preparations were made to receive the enemy King Priam being himself to Advanced in years for active service the command of the army devolved upon his eldest son the Brave and Valiant Hector at the approach of the Greek Fleet the Trojans appeared on the coast in order to prevent their Landing but great

Hesitation prevailed among the troops as to who should be the first to set foot on the enemy’s soil it having been predicted that whoever did so would fall a sacrifice to the fates protesilaus or phus however nobly disregarding the ominous prediction leapt on Shore and fell by the hand of Hector the Greeks

Then succeeded in affecting a landing and in the engagement which ensued the Trojans were signally defeated and driven to seek safety Behind the Walls of their city with Achilles at their head the Greeks now made a desperate attempt to take the City by storm but were repulsed with terrible losses after

This defeat the Invaders foreseeing a long and wearisome campaign Drew up their ships on land erected tents Huts Etc and formed an entrenched camp on the coast between the greatek camp and the City of Troy was a plane watered by the rivers scamander and simois and it was

On this plane afterwards so renowned in history that the ever memorable battles between the Greeks and Trojans were fought the impossibility of taking the City by storm was now recognized by the leaders of the Greek forces the Trojans on their side being less numerous than the enemy did not Venture on a great

Battle in the open field hence the war dragged on for many weary years without any decisive engagement taking place it was about this time that dsus carried out his long meditated revenge against palamedes palamedes was one of the wisest most energetic and most upright of all the Greek Heroes and it was in

Consequence of his unflagging Zeal and wonderful eloquence that most of the Chiefs had been induced to join the Expedition but the very qualities which endeared him to the hearts of his countrymen rendered him hateful in the eyes of his implacable enemy who never forgave his having detected

His scheme to avoid joining the Army in order to affect the ruin of palamedes aysus concealed in his tent a vast sum of money he next wrote a letter purporting to be from King prium to palamedes in which the former thanked the Greek hero effusively for the valuable information received from him

Referring at the same time to a large sum of money which he had sent to him as a reward this letter which was found upon the person of a frian prisoner was read aloud in a council of the Greek princes palamedes was arraigned before the chiefs of the army and accused of

Betraying his country to the enemy whereupon a search was instituted and a large sum of money being found in his tent he was pronounced guilty and sentenced to be stoned to death they’re fully aware of the Bas treachery practiced against him palamedes offered not a word in self-defense knowing but

Too well that in the face of such damning evidence the attempt to prove his innocence would be vain defection of Achilles during the first year of the campaign the Greeks ravaged the surrounding country and pillaged the neighboring Villages upon one of these foraging Expeditions the city of pedasus

Was sacked and Agamemnon as Commander in Chief received as his share of the spoil the Beautiful cryst daughter of Crisis the priest of Apollo whilst to Achilles was allotted another captive the fair brus the following day chrysus anxious to Ransom his daughter repaired to the great camp but Agamemnon

Refused to exceed to his proposal and with rude and insulting words drove the old man away full of grief at the loss of his child chrisis called upon Apollo for Vengeance on her captor his prayer Was Heard and the God sent a dreadful pestilence which raged for 10 days in

The camp of the Greeks Achilles at length called together a councel and inquired of calcas the soothsayer how to arrest this terrible visitation of the Gods The Seer replied that Apollo incensed at the insult offered to his priest had sent the plague and that only by the surrender of cryus could his

Anger be appeased on hearing this Agamemnon agreed to resign the maiden but being already embittered against calcas for his prediction with regard to his own daughter epheria he now heaped insults upon the soothsayer and accused him of plotting against his interests Achilles espoused the cause of calass

And a violent dispute arose in which the son of thetus would have killed his chief but for the timely interference of Palace Athen who suddenly appeared beside him unseen by the rest and recalled him to a sense of the duty he owed to his Commander Agamemnon revenged

Himself on Achilles by depriving him of his beautiful captive the fair bris who had become so attached to her kind and Noble captor that she wept bitterly on being removed from his charge Achilles now fairly disgusted with the ungenerous conduct of his chief withdrew himself to his tent and obstinately declined to

Take further part in the war heart sore and dejected he repaired to the seashore and there invoked the presence of his Divine mother in answer to his prayer thetus emerged from beneath the waves and comforted her Gallant son with the assurance that she would entreat the mighty Zeus to avenge his wrongs by

Giving Victory to the Trojans so that the Gregs might learn to realize the great loss which they had sustained by his withdrawal from the Army the tro Ians being informed by one of their Spies of the defection of Achilles became emboldened by the absence of this Brave and Intrepid leader whom they

Feared above all the other Greek Heroes they accordingly sallied forth and made a bold and eminently successful attack upon the Greeks who although they most bravely and obstinately defended their position were completely routed and driven back to their entrenchments Agamemnon and most of the other Greek leaders being wounded in the engagement

Encouraged by this marked and Signal success the Trojans now commence to beeg the Greeks in their own camp at this juncture Agamemnon seeing the danger which threatened the Army Su for the moment all personal Grievances and dispatched an embassy to Achilles consisting of many noble and distinguished Chiefs urgently entreating

Him to come to the assistance of his countrymen in this their hour of peril promising that not only should the fair brus be restored to him but also that the hand of his own daughter should be bestowed on him in marriage with seven towns as her dowy but the obstinate

Determination of the proud hero was not to be moved and though he listened courteously to the arrangements and representations of The Messengers of Agamemnon his resolution to take no further part in the war remained unshaken in one of the engagements which took place soon afterwards the Trojans under the command of Hector penetrated

Into the Heart of the Greek camp and had already commenced to burn their ships when Petrus seeing the distress of his countrymen earnestly besought Achilles to send him to the rescue at the head of the midin the better nature of the hero prevailed and he not only entrusted to

His friend the command of his Brave band of Warriors but lent him also his own suit of armor Petrus having mounted the war Chariot of the hero Achilles lifted on high a Golden Goblet and poured out a libation of wine to the gods accompanied by an Earnest petition for victory and

The safe return of his beloved comrade as a parting injunction he warned Petrus against advancing too far into the territory of the enemy and intreated him to be content with rescuing the gys at the head of the meridon Petras now made a desperate attack upon on the enemy who

Thinking that the Invincible Achilles was himself in command of his battalions became disheartened and were put to fight Petrus followed up his victory and pursued the Trojans as far as the walls of their City altogether forgetting in the excitement of the battle that injunction of his friend Achilles but

His tarity cost the young hero his life for he now encountered the mighty Hector himself and fell by his hands Hector stripped the armor from his dead and would have dragged the body into the city had not menaus and Ajax the greater rushed forward and after a long and

Fierce struggle succeeded in rescuing it from desecration death of Hector and now came the mournful task of informing Achilles of the fate of his friend he wept bitterly over the dead body of his comrade and solemnly vowed that the funeral rights should not be solemnized in his honor until he had slain Hector

With his own hands and captured 12 Trojans to be emulated on his funeral P all other considerations vanished before the burning desire to avenge the death of his friend and achilles now thoroughly aroused from his apathy became reconciled to agamon and rejoined the Greek army at the request of the

Goddess thetus hastus forged for him a new suit of aror which far surpassed in magnificence that of all the other Heroes thus gloriously arrayed he was soon seen striding along calling the Greeks to Arms he now led the troops against the enemy who were defeated and

Put to fight until near the gates of the city Achilles and Hector encountered each other but here for the first time throughout his whole career the courage of the Trojan hero deserted him at the near approach of his redoubtable antagonist he turned and fled for his life Achilles pursued him and th rice

Round the walls of the city was the terrible race run in sight of the old king and queen who had mounted the walls to watch the battle Hector endeavored during each course to reach the city Gates so that his comrades might open them to admit him or cover him with

Their missiles but his adversary seeing his design forced him into the open plane at the same time calling to his friends to hurl no spear upon his foe but to leave to him the Vengeance he had so long panted for at length wearied with the Hot Pursuit Hector made a stand

And challenged his foe to single combat A desperate encounter took place in which Hector succumbed to his powerful adversary at the skiing gate and with his last dying breath the Trojan hero foretold to his conqueror that he himself would soon perish on the same spot the infuriated Victor bound the

Lifeless corpse of his Fallen foe to his chariot and dragged it three times around the city walls and then to the Greek Camp overwhelmed with horror at this terrible scene the Aged parents of Hector uttered such heart-rending cries of Anguish that they reached the ears of andromachi his

Faithful wife who rushing to the walls beheld the dead body of her husband bound to the conqueror’s car Achilles now solemnized the funeral rights in honor of his friend Petras the Dead body of the hero was born to the funeral pile by the mermans in full panoply his dogs

And horses were then slain to accompany him in case he should need them in the realm of Shades after which Achilles in fulfillment of his Savage vow slaughtered 12 Brave Trojan captives who were laid on the funeral P which was now lighted when all was consumed the bones

Of Petrus were carefully collected and enclosed in the golden n Then followed theun FAL games which consisted of chariot races fighting with the cestus a sort of boxing glove wrestling matches foot races and single combats with shield and spear in all of which the most distinguished Heroes took part and

Contended for the prizes panila after the death of Hector their great hope and bwalk the Trojans did not Venture beyond the walls of their city but soon their hopes were revived by the appearance of a powerful Army of Amazons under the command of their Queen penilia a daughter of Aries whose great ambition

Was to measure swords with the renowned Achilles himself and to avenge the death of the Valiant Hector hostilities now recommenced in the open plane panthe silia led the Trojan host the Greeks on their side being under the command of Achilles and Ajax whilst the latter succeeded in putting the enemy to flight

Achilles was challenged by penilia to single combat with heroic courage she went forth to the fight but even the strongest men failed before the power of the great Achilles and though a daughter of Aries panthos silia was but a woman with generous chivalry the hero endeavored to spare the Brave and

Beautiful Maiden Warrior and only when his own life was in imminent danger did he make a serious effort to Vanquish his enemy when penilia shed the fate of all who ventured to oppose the Spear of Achilles and fell by his hand feeling herself fatally wounded she remembered

The desecration of the dead body of Hector and earnestly entreated the forbearance of the hero but the petition was hardly necessary for Achilles full of compassion for his brave but unfortunate adversary lifted her gently from the ground and she expired in his arms on beholding the dead body of their

Leader in the possession of Achilles the Amazons and Trojans prepared for a fresh attack in order to rest it from his hands but observing their purpose Achilles stepped forward and loudly called upon them to Halt then in a few well chosen words he praised the great Valor and intrepidity of the Fallen

Queen and expressed his willingness to resign the body at once the chivalrous conduct of Achilles was fully appreciated by both Greeks and Trojans thir cities alone a base and cowardly wretch attributed unworthy MO to the gracious proceedings of the hero and not content with these insinuations he savagely pierced with

His Lance the dead body of the Amazonian Queen whereupon achilles with one blow of his powerful arm failed him to the ground and killed him on the spot the well-merited death of thirsties excited no commiseration but his Kinsman diamides came forward and claimed compensation for the murder of his relative

And as Agamemnon who as commanderin-chief might easily have settled the difficulty refrained from interfering the proud nature of Achilles resented the implied condemnation of his conduct and he once more abandoned the Greek army and took a ship for Lesbos osius however followed him to the island and with his usual tact succeeded

In inducing the hero to return to the camp death of Achilles a new ally of the Trojans now appeared on the field in the person of mnon the Ethiopian a son of EOS and tithonus who brought with him a powerful reinforcement of negroes mnon was the first opponent who had yet

Encountered Achilles on an equal footing for like the Great Hero himself he was the son of a goddess and possessed also like Achilles a suit of armor made for for him by hephestus before the heroes encountered each other in single combat the two goddesses thetus and EOS hastened to Olympus to intercede with

Its Mighty ruler for the life of their sons resolved even in this instance knocked to act in opposition to the moay Zeus sees the golden scales in which he weighed the lot of Mortals and placed it in the respective fates of the two Heroes whereupon that of mnon weighed down the

Balance thus pending his death EOS abandoned Olympus in despair arrived on the battlefield she beheld the lifeless body of her son who after a long and brave defense had at length succumbed to the all conquering arm of Achilles at her command her children the winds flew

Down to the plain and seizing the body of the slain hero conveyed it through the air safe from the desecration of the enemy the Triumph of Achilles was not of long duration intoxicated with success he attempted at the head of the Greek army to storm the city of Troy when Paris by

The aid of febus Apollo aimed a well-directed dart at the hero which pierced his vulnerable heel and he fell to the ground fatally wounded before the scan gate but though face to face with death the Intrepid Hero raising himself from the ground still performed prodigies of Valor and not until his

Tottering limbs refused their office was the enemy aware that the wound was Mortal by the combined efforts of Ajax and adus the body of Achilles was rested from the enemy after a long and terrible fight and conveyed to the great Camp weeping bitterly over the untimely fate

Of her Gallant son thetus came to embrace him for the last time and mingled her regrets and Lamentations with those of the whole Greek army the funeral P was then lighted and the voices of the muses were heard chanting his funeral dur when according to the

Custom of the Ancients the body had been burned on the P the bones of the hero were collected enclosed in a golden n and deposited beside the remains of his beloved friend Petras in the funeral game celebrated in honor of the Fallen Hero the property of

Her son was offered by thetus as the prize of Victory but it was unanimously agreed that the beautiful suit of armor made by hephestus should be awarded to him who had contributed the most to the rescue of the body from the hands of the enemy popular opinion unanimously

Decided in favor of adius which verdict was confirmed by by the Trojan prisoners who were present at the engagement unable to endure the slight the unfortunate Ajax lost his reason and in this condition put an end to his existence final measures thus were the Greeks deprived at one and the same time

Of their bravest and most powerful leader and of him also who approached the nearest to his distinction for a Time operations were at a standstill until odyusa by means of a cleverly arranged Ambush to capture helenus the son of pram like his sister Cassandra helenus possessed the gift of Prophecy and the

Unfortunate youth was now coerced by adius into using his gift against the welfare of his native City the Greeks learned from the Trojan Prince that three conditions were indispensable to conquest of of Troy in the first place the son of Achilles must fight in their ranks secondly the arrows of Heracles

Must be used against the enemy and thirdly they must obtain possession of the wooden image of Palace AE the famous Palladium of Troy the first condition was easily fulfilled ever ready to serve the interests of the community Odus repaired to the island of skyros where he found neptus the son of

Achilles having succeeded in arousing the ambition of the fiery youth he generously resigned to him the Magnificent armor of his father and then conveyed him to the great camp where he immediately distinguished himself in single combat with uolis the son of Telus who had come to the aid of the

Trojans to procure the poison dipped arrows of Heracles was a matter of greater difficulty they were still in the possession of the much aggrieved FES who had remained in the island of lemnos his wounds still unhealed suffering the most abject misery but the judicious Zeal of the indefatigable and

Everactive osus who was accompanied in this undertaking by diamides at length gained the day and he induced FES to accompany him to to the camp where the skillful leech maon the son of esus healed him of his wound fakes became reconciled to Agamemnon and in an engagement which took place soon after

He mortally wounded Paris the son of Priam but though pierced by the Fatal Arrow of the demigod death did not immediately ensue and Paris calling to mind the prediction of an oracle that his deserted wife sonon could alone cure him if wounded caused himself to be transported to her Abode on Mount Ida

Where he implored her by the memory of their past love to save his life but mindful only of her wrongs sonon crushed out of her heart every womanly feeling of pity and compassion and sternly bade him depart soon however all her former affection for her husband awoke within

Her with frantic haste she followed him but on her arrival in the city she found the dead body of Paris already laid on the lighted funeral pile and in her remorse and despair sonon threw herself on the lifeless form of her husband and perished in the Flames the Trojans were now shut up

Within their walls and closely besieged but the third and most difficult condition being still unfulfilled all efforts to take the city were unavailing in this emergency the wise and devoted odyusa of his comrades having disfigured himself with self-inflicted wounds he assumed the disguise of a wretched old mendicant and

Then crept stealthily into the city in order to discover where the Palladium was preserved he succeeded in his object and was recognized by no one save the fair Helen who after the death of Paris had been given in marriage to his brother D phobus but since death had robbed her of

Her lover the heart of the Greek princess had turned yearningly towards her native country and her husband menaus and osus now found in her a most unlooked for Ally on his return to the camp Odus called to his Aid the Valiant diamides and with his assistance the perilous task of abstracting the adum

From its sacred precincts was after some difficulty affected the conditions of Conquest being now fulfilled a council was called to decide on Final proceedings AOS a Greek sculptor who had accompanied the expedition was desired to construct a colossal wooden horse large enough to contain a number of able and distinguished Heroes on its

Completion a band of Warriors concealed themselves within whereupon the Greek army broke up their camp and then set fire to it as though weed of the long and tedious 10year Siege they had abandoned the Enterprise as hopeless accompanied by Agamemnon and the sage Nestor the fleet set sail for the island

Of tenidos where they cast anchor anxiously awaiting the torch signal to hasten back to the Trojan Coast destruction of Troy when the Trojans saw the enemy depart and the Greek camp in Flames they believed themselves safe at last and streamed in great numbers out of the town in order to view the site

Where the Greeks had so long encamped here they found the gigantic wooden horse which they examined with wondering curiosity various opinions being expressed with regard to its utility some supposed it to be an engine of War and were in favor of destroying it others regarded it as a sacred Idol

And proposed that it should be brought into the city two circumstances which now occurred induced the Trojans to Incline towards the latter opinion Chief among those who suspected a treacherous design in this huge contrivance was leoon a priest of Apollo who in company with his two young Sons had issued from

The city with the Trojans in order to offer a sacrifice to the gods with all the eloquence at his command he urged his countrymen not to place confidence in any gift of the Greeks and even went so far as to pierced the side of the

Horse with a spear which he took from a warrior beside him whereupon the arms of the heroes were heard to Rattle the hearts of the brave men concealed inside the horse quailed within them them and they had already given themselves up for lost when Palace Athen who ever watched

Over the cause of the Greeks now came to their aid and a miracle occurred in order to Blind and deceive the devoted Trojans for the fall of Troy was decreed by the gods while sokun and his two sons stood prepared to perform the sacrifice two enormous serpents suddenly rose out

Of the sea and made Direct for the altar they entwined themselves first around the tender limbs of the helpless youths and then encircled their father who rushed to their assistance and thus all three were destroyed in sight of the horrified multitude the Trojans naturally interpreted the fate of lokun and his

Sons to be a punishment sent by Zeus for his sacrilege against the wooden horse and were now fully convinced that it must be consecrated to the gods The Crafty ody disused left behind his trusty friend sinon with full instructions as to his course of action assuming the role assigned to him he now

Approached King Priam with feted hands and pitous entreaties alleging that the Greeks in obedience to the command of an oracle had attempted to imilate him as a sacrifice but that he had contrived to escape from their hands and now sought protection from the king the kind-hearted Monarch believing His Story released his bonds

Assured him of his favor and then begged him to explain the true meaning of the wooden horse sonon willingly complied he informed the king that palis aen who had he there too been the hope and stay of the Greeks throughout the war was so deeply offended at the removal of Her

Sacred image the padium from her temple in Troy that she had withdrawn her protection from the Greeks and refused all further Aid till it was restored to its rightful place hence the Greeks had returned home in order to seek fresh instructions from an oracle but before leaving ccass the sear had advised their

Building this gigantic wooden horse as a tribute to the offended goddess hoping thereby to appease her just anger he further explained that it had been constructed of such colossal proportions in order to prevent its being brought into the city so that the favor of palis aine might not be transferred to the

Trojans hardly had the crafty sonon cease speaking when the Trojans with one Accord urged that the wooden horse should be brought into their City without delay the gates being too low to admit its entrance a breach was made in the walls and the horse was conveyed in

Triumph into the very heart of Troy whereupon the Trojans Overjoyed at what they deemed the successful issue of the campaign abandoned themselves to feasting and rioting amidst the universal rejoicing the unhappy Cassandra foreseeing the result of the admission of the wooden horse into the city was seen rushing through the

Streets with wild gestures and disheveled hair warning her people against the dangers which awaited them but her eloquent words fell on deaf ears for it was ever the fate of the unfortunate prophetes that her predictions should find no Credence when after the day’s excitement the Trojans

Had retired to rest and all was hushed and Silent sonon in the dead of night released the heroes from their voluntary imprisonment the signal was then given to the Greek Fleet lying off tenidos and the whole Army in unbroken silence once more landed on the Trojan Coast to enter

The city was now an easy matter and a fearful Slaughter ensued aroused from their Slumbers the Trojans under the command of their bravest leaders made a gallant defense but were easily overcome all their most Valient Heroes fell in the fight and soon the whole city was wrapped in flames

Priam fell by the hand of nus who killed him as he lay prostrate before the altar of Zeus praying for divine assistance in this awful hour of peril the unfortunate andram with her young son aanx had taken refuge on the summit of a tower where she was discovered by The Victors who

Fearing lest the son of Hector might one day rise against them to avenge the death of his father tore him from her arms and hurled him over the battlements enaas alone the son of Aphrodite the Beloved of Gods and Men escaped the universal Carnage with his son and his

Old father anes whom he carried on his shoulders out of the city he first sought refuge on Mount Ida and afterwards fled to Italy where he became the ancestral hero of the Roman people menaus now sought Helen in the Royal Palace who being Immortal still retained all her former Beauty and

Fascination a Reconciliation took place and she accompanied her husband on his Homeward Voyage andromachi the Widow of the Brave Hector was given in marriage to neptus Cassandra fell to the share of Agamemnon and huba the grayhair and widowed Queen was made prisoner by odyusa of the wealthy Trojan King fell

Into the hands of the Greek Heroes who after having leveled the city of Troy to the ground prepared for their Homeward voyage end of section 29 section 30 Return of the Greeks from Troy during the sacking of the city of Troy the Greeks in the hour of victory y

Committed many acts of desecration and cruelty which called down upon them the wroth of the Gods for which reason their Homeward Journey was B set with manifold dangers and disasters and many perished before they reached their native land Nestor diamides foces and neus were among those who arrived safely

In Greece after a prosperous voyage The Vessel which carried menaus and Helen was driven by violent tempests to the coasts of Egypt and only after many years of weary wanderings and vicissitudes did they succeed in reaching their home at Sparta Ajax the Lesser having offended palis aine by desecrating her temple on

The night of the destruction of Troy was Shipwrecked off Cape caferis he succeeded however in clinging to a rock and his life might have been spared but for his impious boast that he needed not the help of the Gods no sooner had he uttered the sacrilegious words than

Poseidon enraged at his audacity split with his Trident The Rock to which the hero was clinging and the unfortunate Ajax was overwhelmed by the waves fate of Agamemnon the hood Voyage of Agamemnon was tolerably uneventful and prosperous but on his arrival at meini Misfortune and ruin awaited him his wife Clum

Nestra in Revenge for the sacrifice of her beloved daughter Eugenia had formed a secret Alliance during his absence with aisus the son of thyestes and on the return of Agamemnon they both conspired to Compass his destruction clam nestra feigned the greatest joy on beholding her husband

And in spite of the Urgent warnings of Cassandra who was now a captive in his train he received her protestations of affection with the most trusting confidence in her well assumed anxiety for the comfort of the weary traveler she prepared a warm bath for his refreshment and at a given signal from

The treacherous Queen aisus who was concealed in an adjoining chamber rushed upon the defenseless hero and slew him during the massacre of the retainers of Agamemnon which followed his daughter Electra with great presence of Mind contrived to save her young brother areses he fled for Refuge to his uncle

Stopus King Of fosses Who educated him with his own son pades and an Ardent friendship sprung up between the youths which from its constancy and disinterestedness has become proverbial as arestis grew up to manhood his one great all-absorbing desire was to avenge the death of his father accompanied by his faithful

Friend pades he repaired in Disguise to meini where aisus and Clum nestra reigned conjointly over the kingdom of Argos in order to disarm suspicion he had taken the precaution to dispatch a messenger to Clum nestra purporting to be sent by King stopus to announce to her the untimely death of her son

Arestes through an accident during a chariot race at dely arrived at meini he found his sister Electra so overwhelmed with grief at the news of her brother’s death that to her he revealed his identity when he heard from her lips how cruy she had been treated by her mother and how

Joyfully the news of his demise had been received his long pent up passion completely overpowered him and rushing into the presence of the king and queen he first pierced Clum nestra to the heart and afterwards her guilty partner but the crime of murdering his own mother was not long unavenged by the

Gods hard ly was the Fatal act committed when the furies appeared and unceasingly pursued the unfortunate arrestes whereever he went in this wretched plight he sought refuge in the temple of Deli where he earnestly besought Apollo to release him from his cruel tormentors the god commanded him in

Experation of his crime to repair to TOA cesis and convey the statue of emus from then to the kingdom of ateka an expedition fraught with extreme Peril we have already seen in a former chapter how areses escaped the Fate which befell all strangers who landed on

The Toran coast and how with the aid of his sister euginia the Priestess of the temple he succeeded in conveying the statue of the goddess to his native country but the furies did not so easily relinquish their prey and only by means of the interposition of the just and

Powerful goddess palis aine was areses finally liberated from their persecution his peace of mind being at length restored areses assumed the government of the kingdom of Argos and became United to the beautiful herione daughter of Helen and manala on his faithful friend pades he bestowed the hand of his beloved sister the good

And faithful Electra Homeward Voyage of adius with his 12 ships Laden with enormous Treasures captured during the sacking of Troy Odus set sail with a light heart for his Rocky island home of Ithaca at length the happy hour had arrived which for 10 long years the hero had so anxiously

Awaited and he little dreamt that 10 more must elapse before he would be permitted by the fates to clasp to his heart his beloved wife and child during his Homeward Voyage his little fleet was driven by stress of weather to a land whose inhabitants subsisted entirely on a curious plant

Called the Lotus which was sweet as honey to The Taste but had the effect of causing utter Oblivion of home and Country and of creating an irresistible longing to remain forever in the land of the lotus eaters adius and his companions were hospitably received by the inhabitants who reged them

Freely with their peculiar and very delicious food after partaking of which however the comrades of the hero refused to leave the country and and it was only by sheer force that he at length succeeded in bringing them back to their ships polyus continuing their Journey they next arrived at the country of the

Cyclops a race of giants remarkable for having only one eye which was placed in the center of their foreheads here adus whose love of Adventure overcame more prudent considerations left his Fleet safely anchored in the Bay of a neighboring Island and with 12 chosen companions set out to explore the

Country near the shore they found a vast cave into which they boldly entered in the interior they saw to their surprise huge piles of cheese and great pales of milk ranged around the walls after partaking freely of these Provisions his companions endeavored to persuade adius to return to the ship but

The hero being curious to make the acquaintance of the owner of this extraordinary abod ordered them to remain and await his pleasure towards evening a fierce giant made his appearance bearing an enormous load of wood upon his shoulders and driving before him a large flock of

Sheep this was polyphemus the son of P Iden the owner of the cave after all his sheep had entered the giant rolled before the entrance to the cave an enormous Rock which the combined strength of aund men would have been powerless to move having kindled a fire of great logs

Of pinewood he was about to prepare his supper when the Flames revealed to him in a corner of the cabern its new occupant who now came forward and informed him that they were Shipwrecked Mariners and claimed his Hospitality in the name of Zeus but the fierce monster rallied at

The great ruler of Olympus for the Lawless cops knew no fear of the Gods and hardly vouched safed a reply to the demand of the hero to the consternation of adius the giant seized two of his companions and after dashing them to the ground ground consumed their remains

Washing down the ghastly Mill with huge drafts of milk he then stretched his gigantic limbs on the ground and soon fell fast asleep beside the fire thinking the opportunity a favorable one to rid himself and his companions of their terrible enemy odyusa and creeping stealthily forward

Was about to slay the Giant when he suddenly remembered that the aperture of the cave was effectually closed by the immense Rock which rendered egress impossible he therefore wisely determined to wait until the following day and set his wits to work in the meantime to devise a scheme by which he

And his companions might make their escape when early next morning the giant awoke two more unfortunate Companions of the hero were seized by him and devoured after which polyphemus leisurely drove out his flock taking care to secure the entrance of the cave as before next evening the giant devoured

Two more of his victims and when he had finished his revolting meal uus stepped forward and presented him with a large measure of wine which he had brought with him from his ship in a goat skin delighted with the delicious beverage the giant inquired the name of the the

Donor adicus replied that his name was no man whereupon polyphemus graciously announced that he would evince his gratitude by eating him the last the monster thoroughly overcome with the powerful old liquor soon fell into a heavy sleep and adus lost no time in putting his plans into

Execution he had cut during the day a large piece of the Giant’s own Olive staff which he now heated in the fire and aided by his companions thrust it into the eyeball of polyphemus and in this manner effectually blinded him the giant made the cave ReSound with his howls of pain and

Rage his cries being heard by his brother Cyclops who lived in caves not far distant from his own they soon came trooping over the hills from all sides and assailed the door of the cave with inquiries concerning the cause of his cries and groans but as his only reply was no man

Has injured me they concluded that he had been playing them a trick and therefore abandoned him to his fate the blinded giant now groped vainly around his cave in hopes of laying hands on some of his tormentors but wearied at length of these fruitless exertions he rolled away the rock which closed the

Aperture thinking that his victims were would rush out with the Sheep when it would be an easy matter to capture them but in the meantime odys had not been idle and the subtlety of the hero was now brought into play and proved more than a match for the Giant’s strength

The Sheep were very large and adius with bands of Willow taken from the bed of polyphemus had cleverly linked them together three a breast and under each Center one had secured one of his comrades after providing for the safety of his companions odyusa of the flock and by clinging to

The wool of the animal made his Escape as the Sheep passed out of the Cave the giant felt carefully among them for his victims but not finding them on the backs of the animals he let them pass and thus they all escaped they now hastened on board their

Vessel and odys thinking himself at a safe distance shouted out his real name and mockingly defied the giant whereupon polyphemus seized a huge Rock and following the direction of the voice hurled it towards the ship which narrowly escaped destruction he then called upon his father Poseidon to avenge him intreating

Him to curse aysus with a long and tedious Voyage to destroy all his ships and all his companions and to make his return as late as unhappy and as desolate as possible Further Adventures after sailing about over unknown Seas for some time the hero and his followers cast anchor at the island

Of os King of the Winds who welcomed them cordially and sumptuously entertained them for a whole month when they took their leave he gave odyss the skin of an ox into which he had placed all the contrary winds in order to ensure to them a safe and Speedy voyage

And then having cautioned him on no account to open it caused the gentle zus to blow so that he might wa them to the shores of Greece on the evening of the 10th day after the departure they arrived in sight of the watchfires of itha but here unfortunately adsis being completely

Wearied out fell asleep and his comrades thinking iolis had given him a treasure in the bag which he so sedu usly guarded seized this opportunity of opening it whereupon all the adverse winds rushed out and drove them back to the aolian island this time however eolis did not

Welcome them as before but dismissed them with bitter reproaches and up braidings for their disregard of his injunctions after a six days Voyage they at length cited land observing what appeared to be the smoke from a large town odyusa a heral accompanied by two of his comrades in order to procure

Provisions when they arrived in the city they discovered to their consternation that they had set foot in the land of the lonies a race of Fierce and gigantic cannibals governed by their King and ties the unfortunate Herald was seized and killed by the king but his two companions who took flight succeeded in

Reaching their ship in safety and urgently entreated their Chief to put to sea without delay but antipodes and his fellow Giants pursued the fugitives to the seashore where they now appeared in large numbers They seized huge rocks which they hurled upon the fleet sinking 11 of the ships with all hands on board

The vessel under the immediate command of psus being the only one which escaped destruction in this ship with his few remaining followers adus Now set sail but was driven by adverse winds to an island called Aya Cersei the hero and his companions were in sore need of Provisions but warned by

Previous disasters odys is resolved that only a certain number of the ship’s crew should be dispatched to Recon the country and on Lots being drawn by odyusa it fell to the share of the ladder to fill the office of conductor to the little band selected for this

Purpose they soon came to a magnificent marble Palace which was situated in a charming and fertile Valley here dwelt a beautiful enchantress called Cersei daughter of the Sun God and the cyph Percy the entrance of her Abode was guarded by wolves and lions who however to the great surprise of the strangers

Were tame and harmless as Lambs these were in fact human beings who by the wicked Arts of the Sorceress had been thus transformed from within they heard the enchanting voice of the goddess who was singing a sweet melody as she sat at her work work weaving a web such as

Immortals alone could produce she graciously invited them to enter and all Save The Prudent and cautious Urus accepted the invitation as they trod the wide and spacious Halls of tesselated marble objects of wealth and Beauty met their view on all sides the soft and luxuriant couches on

Which she bade them be seated were studded with silver and the banquet which she provided for the refreshment was served in vessels of pure gold but while her unsuspecting guests were abandoning themselves to the pleasure of the table the wicked enchantress was secretly working their ruin for the wine cup which was

Presented to them was drugged with a potent draft after partaking of which the Sorceress touched them with her magic wand and they were immediately trans formed into swine still however retaining their human senses when odys heard from Urus of the terrible fate which had befallen his companions he set out regardless of

Personal danger resolved to make an effort to rescue them on his way to the Palace of the Sorceress he met a fair youth bearing a wand of gold who revealed himself to him as Hermes the Divine messenger of the Gods he gently reproached the hero for his tarity in

Venturing to enter the Abode of Cersei unprovided with an antidote against her spells and presented him with a peculiar herb called Molly assuring him that it would inevitably counteract the banful Arts of the fell enchantress Hermes warned adicus that cerus would offer him a draft of drugged wine with the intention of transforming

Him as as she had done his companions he bade him drink the wine the effect of which would be completely nullified by the herb which she had given him and then rushed boldly at the Sorceress as though he would take her life whereupon her power over him would

Cease she would recognize her master and Grant him whatever he might desire Cersei received the hero with all the grace and Fascination at her command and presented him with a draft of wine in a Golden Goblet this he readily accepted trusting to the efficacy of the antidote then in obedience to the

Injunction of Hermes he drew his sword from its Scabbard and rushed upon the Sorceress as though he would slay her when Cersei found that her fell purpose was for the first time frustrated and that a mortal had dared to attack her she knew that it must be the great Odus

Who stood before for her whose visit to her Abode had been foretold to her by Hermes at his solicitation she restored to his companions their human form promising at the same time that henceforth the hero and his comrades should be free from her enchantments but all warnings and past

Experience were forgotten by odyss when cersi commenced to exercise upon him her Fascinations and blandishments at her request Quest his companions took up their Abode in the island and he himself became the guest and slave of the enchantress for a whole year and it was only at the earnest admonition of his

Friends that he was at length induced to free himself from her toils Cersei had become so attracted to the Gallant hero that it cost her a great effort to part with him but having vowed not to exercise her magic spells against him she was powerless to detain him further

The goddess now warned him that his future would be beset with many dangers and commanded him to consult the blind old Seer to recis in the Realms of Hades concerning his future Destiny she then loaded his ship with Provisions for the voyage and reluctantly bade him farewell the realm of

Shades though somewhat appalled at the prospect of seeking the weird and gloomy Realms inhabited by the spirits of the dead odyusa and also certain injunctions which it was important that he should carry out with strict attention to detail he accordingly set sail with his companions for the dark and gloomy land of the

Samarians which lay at the furthermost end of the world World beyond the great stream oceanis favored by gentle breezes they soon reached their destination in the Far West on arriving at the spot indicated by Cersei where the turbid Waters of the rivers acaron and cetus mingled at the entrance to the LEL World

Odesus landed unattended by his companions having dug a trench to receive the blood of the sacrifices he now offered a black gram and you to the powers of Darkness whereupon crowds of Shades rose up from the yawning Gulf clustering round him eager to qua the blood of the sacrifice which would

Restore to them for a time their mental Vigor but mindful of the injunction of Cersei uus brandished his sword and suffered none to approach until terus had appeared the great prophet now came slowly forward leaning on his golden staff and after drinking of the sacrifice proceeded to impart to adius

The hidden secrets of his future fate terius also warned him of the numerous perils which would assail him not only during his homward voyage but also on his return to itha and then instructed him how to avoid them meanwhile numbers of other shades had quaffed the sense Awakening draft of the

Sacrifice among whom adius recognized to his dismay his tenderly loved mother anticlea from her he learned that she had died of grief at her son’s protracted absence and that his aged father Lees was wearing his life away in vain and anxious longings for his return He also conversed with the ill-fated

Agamemnon Petrus and achilles the latter bemoaned his shadowy and unreal existence and plaintively assured his former companion in arms that rather would he be the poorest day laborer on Earth than reign supreme as king over the realm of Shades Ajax alone who still brooded over his wrongs held aloof refusing to

Converse with edicius and suddenly retired when the hero addressed him but at last So Many Shades came swarming around him that the courage of osius failed him and he fled in Terror back to his ship having rejoined his companions they once more put to Sea and proceeded on their Hood Voyage the

Sirens after somay sail their course LED them past the island of the sirens now Cersei had warned uus on no account to listen to the seductive Melodies of these treacherous nymphs for that all who gave ear to their enticing strains felt an unconquerable desire to LEAP overboard and join them when they

Either perished at their hands or were engulfed by the waves in order that his crew should not hear the song of the sirens Odus had filled their ears with melted wax but the hero himself so dearly loved Adventure that he could not resist the temptation of braving this new

Danger by his own desire therefore he was lashed to the Mast and his comrades had strict orders on no account to release him until they were out of sight of the island no matter how he might implore them to set him free as they neared the Fatal Shore they beheld the

Sirens seated side by side on the vergent slopes of their Island and as their sweet and alluring strains fell upon his ear the hero became so powerfully affected by them that forgetful of all danger he entreated his comrades to release him but the sailors obedient to their orders refused to

Unbind him until the Enchanted Island had disappeared from view the danger passed the hero gratefully acknowledged the firmness of his followers which had been the means of saving his life the island of Helios they now approach the terrible dangers of Sila and sh shabis between which Cersei had desired them to

Pass as odys steered The Vessel beneath the great Rock Sila swooped down and see six of his crew from the deck and the cries of her wretched victims long rang in his ears at length they reached the island of trinacria Sicily whereon the sun god pastured his flocks and herds

And adus calling to mind the warning of to Reus to avoid this sacred Island would Fain have steered The Vessel past and left the country unexplored but his crew became mutinous and insisted on Landing uus was therefore obliged to yield but before allowing them to set

Foot on Shore he made them take an oath not to touch the sacred herds of Helios and to be ready to sail again on the following morning it happened unfortunately however that stress of weather compelled them to remain a whole month at trinacria and the store of Wine and Food

Given to them by Cersei at parting being completely exhausted they were obliged to subsist on what fish and birds the island offered frequently there was not sufficient to satisfy their hunger and one evening when adus worn out with anxiety and fatigue had fallen asleep Urus persuaded the hungry men to to

Break their vows and kill some of the Sacred oxen Dreadful was the anger of helos who caused the hides of the slaughtered animals to creep and the joints on The Spits to Bellow like living cattle and threaten that unless Ulisses punish the impire crew he would withdraw his light

From the heavens and shine only in Hades anxious to appease the enraged diety Zeus assured him that his cause should should be Avenged when therefore after feasting for 7 Days odyusa the ruler of Olympus caused a terrible storm to overtake them during which the ship was struck with lightning

And went to Pieces all the crew were drowned except odyusa to a mast floated about in the open sea for 9 days when after once more escaping being sucked in by the whirpool of shabis he was cast ashore on the island of oia calypso aijia was an Island covered with

Dense forests where in the midst of a Grove of Cypress and POA stood the Charming Grotto Palace of the N Calypso daughter of the Titan Atlas the entrance to The Grotto was entwined with the leafy trellis work work of Vine branches from which depended clusters of purple and golden

Grapes the splashing of Fountain gave a delicious sense of coolness to the air which was filled with the songs of birds and the ground was carpeted with violets and mosses Calypso cordially welcomed the forlorn and Shipwrecked hero and hospitably ministered to his wants in the course of time she became so greatly

Attached to to him that she offered him immortality and eternal youth if he would consent to remain with her forever but the heart of adicus turned yearningly towards his beloved wife Penelope and his young son he therefore refused the Boon and earnestly entreated the gods to permit him to revisit his

Home but the curse of Poseidon still followed the unfortunate hero and for seven long years he was detained on the island of by Calypso sorely against his will at length Palace Athen interceded with her Mighty father on his behalf and Zeus yielding to her request forth with dispatched the fleet-footed Hermes to

Calypso commanding her to permit adus to depart and to provide him with the means of Transport the goddess though loath to part with her guest dared not disobey the commands of the might Zeus she therefore instructed the hero how to construct a raft for which she

Herself wo the sails uus now bade her farewell and alone and unaided embarked on the frail little craft for his native land norica for 17 days ody disused to Pilot the raft skillfully through all the Perils of the deep directing his course according to the directions of calypso

And guided by the stars of Heaven on the 18th day he joyfully hailed the distant outline of the fian coast and began to look forward hopefully to Temporary rest and shelter but Poseidon still enraged with a hero who had blinded and insulted his son caused an awful Tempest to arise during

Which the raft was swamped by the waves and odys only saved himself by clinging for Bare life to a portion of the wreck for two days and nights he floated about drifting hither and thither by the angry Billows till at last after many and narrow Escape of his life the sea

Goddess yoia came to his Aid and he was cast ashore on the coast of scaria the island of the luxurious FES worn out with the hardship ships and dangers he had passed through he crept into a Thicket for security and lying down on a bed of dried leaves soon fell

Fast asleep it chaned that Nora the beautiful daughter of King elenos and his Queen arti had come down to the shore accompanied by her maidens to wash the linen which was destined to form part of her marriage portion when they had finished their task they bathed and sat down to a

Repast after which they amused themselves with singing and playing at ball their joyous shouts at last awoke adicus who rising from his hiding place suddenly found himself in the midst of the happy group alarmed at his wild aspect the attendance of norica fled in Terror but the princess pitying the FN condition of

The stranger addressed him with kind and sympathetic words after hearing from him the account of his shipwreck and and the terrible hardships he had undergone norica called back her attendants reproached them for their want of courtesy and bade them Supply The Wanderer with food drink and suitable reignment adicus then left the maidens

To resume their games whilst he bathed and clothed himself with the garments with which they had furnished him ath now appeared to the hero and endowed him with a commanding and magnificent stature and with more more than mortal Beauty when he reappeared the young princess was struck with admiration and

Requested the hero to visit the Palace of her father she then desired her attendants to Yoke the mules to the wagons and prepare to return home odyusa received by the king and queen who entertained him with magnificent hospitality and in return for their kindness the hero related to them the history history of

His long and eventful voyage and the many extraordinary adventures and miraculous escapes which had befallen him since his departure from the coast of ilon when he at last took leave of his Royal entertainers alenis loaded him with Rich gifts and ordered him to be conveyed in one of his own ships to

Etha arrival at itha the voyage was the short and prosperous one by the direction of King alenis Rich Furs had been laid on deck for the comfort of his guest on which the hero leaving the guidance of the ship to the fishi and sailors soon fell

Into a deep sleep when next morning The Vessel arrived in the harbor of Ithaca the sailors concluding that so unusually profound a slumber must be sent by the gods conveyed him on shore without disturbing him where they gently placed him beneath the cool shade of an olive

Tree when uus awoke he knew not where he was for his ever watchful protectress palis aen had enveloped him in a thick cloud in order to conceal him from view she now appeared to him in the disguise of a shepherd and informed him that he was in his native land that his father

Leoes bent with sorrow and old age had withdrawn from the court that his son tacus had grown to manhood and was gone to seek for Tidings of his father and that his wife was harassed by importunities of numerous suitors who had taken possession of his home and devoured his

Substance in order to gain time Penelope had promised to marry one of her lovers as soon as she had finished weaving a robe for the Aged delay earties but by secretly undoing at night what she had done in the day she effectually the completion of the work and thus deferred her final

Reply just as uus had set foot in Etha the angry suitors had discovered her strategy and had become in consequence more clamorous than ever when the hero heard that this was indeed his native land which after an absence of 20 years the gods had at length permitted him to

Behold once more he threw himself on the ground and kissed it in an ecstasy of Joy the goddess who had meanwhile revealed her identity to odyss now assisted him to conceal in a neighboring cave the valuable gifts of the fish and King then seting herself beside him she

Consulted with him as to the best means of ridding his Palace of its Shameless occupants in order to prevent his being recognized she caused him to assume the form of an aged mendicant his limbs became decrepit his brown locks vanished his eyes grew dim and

Bled and the Regal robes given to him by King elus were replaced by a tattered Garb of dingy Hue which hung Loosely round his shrunken form Athen then desired him to seek shelter in the Hut of umus his own swin herd you must receive the old beggar hospitably kindly

Ministered to his wants and even confided to him his distress at the long continued absence of his beloved old master and his regrets at being compelled by the unruly Invaders of his house to slaughter for their use all the finest and fattest of the herd it Chan that the following morning

Tacus returned from his long and fruitless search for his father and going first to the heart of umus heard from him the story of the seeming beggar whom he promised to befriend athe now urged adius to make himself known to his son and at her touch his Beggar’s Rags disappeared and

He stood before tacus arrayed in Royal robes and in the full strength and vigor of manhood so imposing was the appearance of the hero that at first the Young Prince thought he must be a God but when he was convinced that it was indeed his beloved father whose

Prolonged absence had caused him so much grief he fell upon his neck and embraced him with every expression of dutiful affection adicus charged tacus to keep his return a secret and concerted with him a plan whereby they might rid themselves of the detested suitors in order to carry it into effect tacus was

To induce his mother to promise her hand to the one who could conquer in shooting with the famous bow of IUS which the hero had left behind when he went to Troy deeming it too precious a treasure to be taken with him uus now resumed his Beggar’s dress and appearance and

Accompanied his son to the Palace before the door of which lay his faithful dog ago who though worn and feeble with age and neglect instantly recognized his master in his Delight the poor animal made a last effort to welcome him but his strength was exhausted and he expired at his feet when

Odyusa Halls he was mocked and reviled by the riotous suitors and antinous the most Shameless of them all ridiculed his abject appearance and instantly bade him depart but Penelope hearing of their cruel conduct was touched with compassion and desired her maidens to bring the poor mendicant into her

Presence she spoke kindly to him inquiring who he was and whence he came he told her that he was the brother of the king of creit in whose Palace he had seen adicus who was about starting for Ithaca and had declared his intention of arriving there before the year was out

The queen Overjoyed at the happy Tidings ordered her maidens to prepare a bed for the stranger and to treat him as an honored guest she then desired the old nurse ulea to provide him with suitable reignment and to attend to all his wants as the old servant was bathing his

Feet her eyes fell upon a scar which edsus had received in his youth from the tusks of a wild boar and instantly recognizing the Beloved Master whom she had nursed as a babe she would have cried aloud in her Joy but the hero placing his hand upon her mouth implored

Her not to betray him the next day was a festival of Apollo and the suitors in honor of the occasion feasted with more than their accustomed rry after the banquet was over Penelope taking down the great bow of adus from its place entered the hall and declared

That whosoever of her lovers could bend it and send an arrow through 12 rings of feet which she had often seen adius performed should be chosen by her as her husband all the suitors tried their skill but in vain not one possessed the strength required to draw the bow uus

Now stepped forward and asked permission to be allowed to try but the hay Nobles mocked at his audacity and would not have permitted it had not tacus interfered the pretended beggar took up the bow and with the greatest ease sent an arrow whizzing through the Rings then

Turning to antinoos who was just raising a goblet of wine to his lips he pierced him to the heart at this The Suitor sprang to their feet and looked round for their arms but in obedience to the instructions of edsus tacus had previously removed them he and his father now attacked the

Riotous revelers and after a desperate encounter not one of the whole crew remained alive the joyful intelligence of the return of adius being conveyed to Penelope she descended to the hall but refused to recognize in the age beggar her Gallant husband whereupon he retired to the bath from which he emerged in all

The Vigor and Beauty with which AE had endowed him at the court of alenis but Penelope still incredulous determined to put him to a sure test she therefore commanded in his hearing that his own bed should be brought from his chamber now at the foot of this bed had been

Fashioned by adus himself out of the stem of an olive tree which was still rooted in the ground and round it he had built the walls of the chamber knowing therefore that the bed could not be moved he exclaimed that the errand was useless for that no mortal could stir it

From its place then Penelope knew that it must be odyusa meeting took place between the long separated husb husband and wife the following day the hero set out to seek his old father leotis whom he found on one of his Estates in the country engaged in digging up a young Olive Tree

The poor old man who was dressed in the humble Garb of a laborer bore the traces of deep grief on his farrowed countenance and so shocked was his son at the change in his appearance that for a moment he turned aside to conceal his tears when adus revealed himself to his

Father as the son whom he had so long mourned as lost the joy of the poor old man was almost greater than he could bear with loving care adus led him into the house where at length for the first time since the departure of his son leoes once more resumed his Regal robes

And piously thanked the gods for this great and unlooked for happiness but not yet was the hero permitted to enoy Joy his well- earned Repose for the friends and relatives of the sutors now Rose in Rebellion against him and pursued him to the Abode of his father the struggle however was but a

Short one after a brief contest negotiations of a peaceful nature were entered into between odyss and his subjects recognizing the justice of his cause they became reconciled to their Chief who for many years continued to Reign Over them end of section 30 end of myths and legends of ancient

Greece and Rome by e m barons

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