Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome ✨ By E.M. Berens. FULL Audiobook

Myths and legends of ancient Greece and Rome by em Barons part one myths how do you find this book any thoughts about the book or the author any suggestion for improvement please take a moment to share your thoughts in a comment if you like it share it with your friends who

Might enjoy it as well subscribe to keep in touch visit complete audiobooks.com for more quality content preface the want of an interesting work on Greek and Roman mythology suitable for the requirements of both boys and girls has long been recognized by the principles of our Advanced schools the

Study of the classics themselves even where the attainments of the pupil have rendered this feasible has not been found altogether successful in giving to the student a clear and succinct idea of the religious beliefs of the Ancients and it has been suggested that a work which would so deal with the

Subject as to to render it at once interesting and instructive would be hailed as a valuable introduction to the study of classic authors and would be found to assist materially the labors of both master and pupil in endeavoring to supply this one I have sought to place

Before the reader a lifelike picture of the deities of classical times as they were conceived and worshiped by the Ancients themselves and thereby to awaken in the minds of young students a desire to become more intimately acquainted with the noble Productions of classical antiquity it has been my aim to render the Legends

Which form the second portion of the work a picture as it were of old Greek life its Customs its superstitions and its princely hospitalities for which reason they are given at somewhat greater length than is usual in works of the kind in a chapter devoted to the purpose some interesting particulars

Have been collected respecting the public worship of the ancient Greeks and Romans more especially of the former to which is subjoined an account of their principal f festivals I may add that no pains have been spared in order that without passing over details the omission of which would have marred the completeness

Of the work not a single passage should be found which could possibly offend the most scrupulous delicacy and also that I have purposely treated the subject with that reverence which I consider due to every religious system however erroneous it is hardly necessary to dwell upon the importance of the study

Of Mythology our poems our novels and even our daily journals team with classical Illusions nor can a visit to our art galleries and museums be fully enjoyed without something more than a mere superficial knowledge of a subject which has in all ages inspired painters sculptors and Poets it therefore only

Remains for me to express a hope that my little work may prove useful not only to teachers and Scholars but also to a large class of General readers who in whing away a Leisure Hour May derive some pleasure and profit from its perusal eem Barons introduction before entering upon the

Many strange beliefs of the ancient Greeks and the extraordinary number of gods they worshiped we must first consider what kind of beings these divinities were in appearance the gods were supposed to resemble Mortals whom however they far surpassed in Beauty Grandeur and strength they were also more commanding in stature height being

Considered by the s an attribute of Beauty in man or woman they resembled human beings in their feelings and habits intermarrying and having children and requiring daily nourishment to recruit their strength and refreshing sleep to restore their energies their blood a bright ethereal fluid called ior Never engendered

Disease and when shed had the power of producing New Life the Greeks believed that the mental qualifications of their gods were of a much higher order than those of men but nevertheless as we shall see they were not considered to be exempt from Human passions and we frequently behold them actuated by

Revenge deceit and jealousy they however always punish the evildoer and visit with dire calamities any impious mortal who dares to neglect their worship or despise their rights we often hear of them visiting Mankind and partaking of their hospitality and not unfrequently both gods and goddesses become attached to Mortals with whom

They unite themselves The Offspring of these unions being called heroes or demigods who were usually renowned for their great strength and courage but although there were so many points of resemblance between Gods and Men there remained the one great characteristic distinction VI that the gods enjoyed immortality still they were not

Invulnerable and we often hear of them being wounded and suffering in consequence such Exquisite torture that they have earnestly prayed to be deprived of their privilege of of immortality the gods knew no limitation of time or space being able to transport themselves to incredible distances with the speed of thought they possessed the

Power of rendering themselves invisible at will and could assume the forms of men or animals as it suited their convenience they could also transform human beings into trees Stones animals and either as a punishment for their misdeeds or as a means of protecting the individual thus transformed from

Impending danger their robes were like those worn by Mortals but were perfect in form and much finer in texture their weapons also resembled those used by mankind we hear of Spears Shields helmets bows and arrows and being employed by the gods each deity possessed a beautiful Chariot which

Drawn by horses or other animals of celestial breed conveyed them rapidly over land and sea according to their pleasure most of these divinities lived on the summit of Mount Olympus each possessing his or her individual habitation and all meeting together on festive occasions in the council Chamber

Of The Gods where their Banquets were enlivened by the sweet strains of Apollo’s liar whilst the beautiful voices of the muses poured forth their Rich Melodies to his harmonious accompaniment magnificent temples were erected to their honor where they were worshiped with the greatest solemnity Rich gifts were presented to them and

Animals and indeed sometimes human beings were sacrificed on their altars in the study of Grecian mythology we meet with some curious and what may at First Sight appear unaccountable Notions thus we hear of terrible Giants hurling rocks upheaving mountains and raising earthquakes which engulf whole armies these ideas however may be

Accounted for by the awful convulsions of nature which were in operation in prehistoric times again the daily recurring phenomena which to us who know them to be the result of certain well ascertained laws of nature are so familiar as to excite no remark or to the early Greeks matter of grave

Speculation and not unfrequently of alarm for instance when they heard the awful Roar of thunder and saw Vivid flashes of lightning accompanied by black clouds and Torrens of rain they believed that the great God Of Heaven was angry and they trembled at his wrath if the calm and Tranquil Sea became

Suddenly agitated and the crested Billows Rose mountains High dashing furiously against the rocks and threatening destruction to all within their reach the sea God was supposed to be in a furious rage when they beheld the sky glowing with the Hues of coming day they thought that the goddess of the

Dawn with Rosy fingers was drawing aside the dark veil of night to allow her brother the sun god to enter upon his brilliant career thus personifying all the powers of nature this very imaginative and and highly poetical Nation beheld the Divinity in every tree that grew in every stream that flowed in

The bright beams of the Glorious sun and the clear cold rays of the Silvery Moon for them the whole universe lived and breathed peopled by a thousand forms of grace and beauty the most important of these divinities may have been something more than the mere creations of an active and poetical

Imagination they were possibly human beings who had so distinguished themselves in life by their preeminence over their fellow Mortals that after death they were deified by the people among whom they lived and The Poets touched with their magic won the details of lives which in more prosaic times

Would simply have been recorded as illustrious it is highly probable that the reputed actions of these deified beings were commemorated by bars who traveling from one state to another celebrated their praise in song it therefore becomes exceedingly difficult nay almost impossible to separate bare facts from the exaggerations which never

Fail to accompany oral traditions in order to exemplify this let us suppose that orus the son of Apollo so renowned for his extraordinary musical Powers had existed at the present day we should no doubt have ranked him among the greatest of our musicians and honored him as such but

The Greeks with their vivid imagination and poetic license exaggerated his remarkable gifts and attributed to his music super Supernatural influence over animate and inanimate nature thus we hear of wild beasts tamed of Mighty Rivers arrested in their course and of mountains being moved by The Sweet Tones

Of his voice the theory here Advanced may possibly prove useful in the future in suggesting to the reader the probable basis of many of the extraordinary accounts we meet with in the study of classical mythology and now a few words will be necessary concerning the religious beliefs of the Romans when the the

Greeks first settled in Italy they found in the country they colonized a mythology belonging to the Celtic inhabitants which according to the Greek custom of paying reverence to all gods known or unknown they readily adopted selecting and appropriating those divinities which had the greatest Affinity to their own and thus they

Formed a religious belief which naturally bore the impress of its ancient Greek source as the Primitive selts however were a less civilized people than the Greeks their mythology was of a more barbarous character and this circumstance combined with the fact that the Romans were not gifted with the vivid imagination of their Greek

Neighbors leaves its mark on the Roman mythology which is far less fertile in fanciful conceits and deficient in all those fairy likee stories and wonderfully poetic ideas which so strongly characterize that of the Greeks origin of the world first dynasty Uranus and GAA kilus and terara the ancient Greeks

Had several different theories with regard to the origin of the world but the generally accepted notion was that before this world came into existence there was in its place a confused mass of shapeless elements called chaos these elements becoming at length Consolidated by what means does not appear resolve themselves into two

Widely different substances the lighter portion of which soaring on high formed the sky or firmament and constituted itself into a vast over arching vault which protected the firm and solid Mass beneath thus came into being the two first great primeval deities of the Greeks Uranus and G or Gia Uranus the more refined

Deity represented the light and air of Heaven possessing the distinguishing qualities of light heat Purity and omnipresence whilst Gia The Firm flat one life sustaining Earth was woried as the great all- nourishing mother her many titles refer ref to her more or less in this character and she appears

To have been universally revered among the Greeks there being scarcely a city in Greece which did not contain a temple erected in her honor indeed Gia was held in such veneration that her name was always invoked whenever the gods took a solemn oath made an emphatic declaration or implored

Assistance Uranus the heaven was believed to have United himself in marriage with Gia the Earth and a moment’s reflection will show what a truly poetical and also what a logical idea this was for taken in a figurative sense this Union actually does exist the smiles of Heaven produced the flowers of

Earth whereas his long- continued frowns exercise so depressing an influence upon his loving partner that she no longer decks herself in bright and festive robes but responds with ready sympathy to his Melancholy mood the firstborn child of Uranus and Gia was oenus to the ocean stream that vast expanse of ever

Flowing water which encircled the Earth here we meet with another logical though fanciful conclusion which a very slight knowledge of the workings of nature proves to have been just and true the ocean is formed from the rains which descend from heaven and the streams which flow from Earth by making oenus

Therefore The Offspring of Uranus and Gia the Ancients if we take this notion in its literal sense merely assert that the ocean is produced by the combined influence of Heaven and Earth whilst at the same time their fervid and poetical Imagination LED them to see in this as

In all manifestations of the powers of nature an actual tangible Divinity but Uranus the heaven the embodiment of light Heat and the Breath of Life produced Offspring who were of a much less material nature than his son oenus these other children of his were supposed to occupy the intermediate

Space which divided him from Gia nearest to Uranus and just beneath him came ether ether a bright creation representing that highly rarified atmosphere which Immortals alone could breathe Then followed air air which was in close proximity to Gia and represented as its name implies the grosser atmosphere surrounding the earth

Which Mortals could freely breathe and without which they would perish ether and air were separated from each other by divinities called neph these were their restless and wandering sisters who existed in the form of of clouds ever floating between ether and air Gia also produced the mountains and pontis the Sea she United

Herself with the latter and their offspring were the cities nerus thus forces cedo and urbia coexistent with Uranus and Gia were two Mighty Powers who were also The Offspring of chaos these were arabus darkness and Nick Knight who formed a striking contrast to the cheerful Light Of Heaven

Heaven and the Bright Smiles of Earth arabus reigned in that Mysterious World below where no ray of sunshine no gleam of daylight nor vestage of health-giving terrestrial life ever appeared NX the sister of arabus represented Knight and was worshiped by the Ancients with the greatest solity Uranus was also supposed to have

Been United to ncks but only in his capacity as God of Light he being considered the source and Fountain of all light and their children were EOS or Aurora the Dawn and hemra the daylight NYX again on her side was also doubly United having been married at some indefinite period to

Arabus in addition to those children of Heaven and Earth already enumerated Uranus and Gia produced two distinctly different races of beings called Giants and Titans the Giants personified brute strength alone but the Titans United to their great physical power intellectual qualifications variously developed there were three Giants brius cottis and gigis

Who each possessed 100 hands and 50 heads and were known collectively by the name of the Caines which signified hundred-handed these Mighty Giants could shake the universe and produce earthquakes it is therefore evident that they represented those active Subterranean forces to which illusion has been made in the opening chapter the

Titans were 12 in number their names were oenis CEOs Creo Hyperion iapetus cronis Thea Ria feis nasin Phoebe and tus now Uranus the chased Light Of Heaven the essence of all that is bright and pleasing held in abhorrence his crude rough and turbulent Offspring the Giants and moreover feared that their

Great power might eventually prove hurtful to himself he therefore hurled them into Tartarus that portion of the lower World which served as the Subterranean dungeon of the Gods in order to avenge the oppression of her children the Giants Gia instigated a conspiracy on the part of the Titans

Against Uranus which was carried to a successful issue by her son cronis he wounded his father and from the blood of the wound which fell upon the Earth sprang a race of monstrous beings also called Giants assisted by his brother Titans cronis succeeded in dethroning his father who enraged at his defeat cursed

His rebellious son and foretold to him a similar fate cronis now became invested with supreme power and assigned to his brother’s offices of Distinction subordinate only to himself subsequently however when secure of his position he no longer needed their assistance he basely repaid their former services with treachery made War

Upon his brothers and faithful allies and assisted by the Giants completely defeated them sending such as resisted his all-conquering arm down into the lowest depths of taret cus second Dynasty cronis Saturn cronis was the god of time in its sense of Eternal duration he married Ria daughter of

Uranus and Gia a very important Divinity to whom a special chapter will be devoted Hereafter their children were three sons AIDS Pluto posidon Neptune Zeus Jupiter and three daughters hesa Vesta demer siries and Hera Juno cronis having an uneasy conscience was afraid that his children might one day rise up against

His authority and thus verify the prediction of his father Uranus in order therefore to render the prophecy impossible of fulfillment cronis swallowed each child as soon as it was born three greatly to the sorrow and indignation of his wife Ria when it came to Zeus the sixth and last Ria

Resolved to try and save this one child at least to love and cherish and appeal to her parents Uranus and Gia for counsel and assistance by their advice she wrapped a stone in baby clothes and cronis in eager haste swallowed it without noticing the deception the child thus saved

Eventually as we shall see dethroned his father cronis became supreme god in his stad and was universally venerated as the great National god of the Greeks anxious to preserve the secret of his existence from cronis sent the infant Zeus secretly to creit where he was nourished protected and

Educated a sacred goat called AIA supplied the place of his mother by providing him with milk nymphs called melissi fed him with honey and Eagles and doves brought him nectar and Ambrosia for he was kept concealed in a cave in the heart of Mount Ida and the

Cides or Priests of Ria by beating their Shields together kept up a constant noise at the entrance which drowned the cries of the child and frightened away all Intruders under the watchful care of the nymphs the infant Zeus throve rapidly developing great physical Powers combined with extraordinary wisdom and

Intelligence grown to manhood he determined to compel his father to restore his brothers and sisters to the light of day and is said to have been assisted in this difficult task by the goddess mate who artfully persuaded cronis to drink a potion which caused him to give back the children he had swallowed

The stone which had counterfeited Zeus was placed at Deli where it was long exhibited as a sacred Relic Cronus was so enraged at being circumvented that war between the Father and Son became inevitable the Rival forces ranged themselves on two separate high mountains in thessy Zeus with his

Brothers and sisters took his stand on Mount Olympus where he was joined by oenus and others of the Titans who had forsaken cronis on account of his oppression cronis and his brother Titans took possession of Mount Ares and prepared for battle the struggle was long and Fierce and at length Zeus finding that

He was no nearer Victory than before be thought himself of the existence of the imprisoned Giants and knowing that they would be able to render him most powerful assistance he hastened to liberate them he also called to his Aid the Cyclops sons of posidon and aetr five who had

Only one eye each in the middle of the their foreheads and were called brones thunder stapes lightning and pachman fire angle they promptly responded to his summons for help and brought with them tremendous Thunderbolts which the Caines with their hundred hands hurled down upon the Enemy at the same time raising Mighty

Earthquakes which swallowed up and destroyed all who opposed them aided by these new and Powerful allies Zeus now made a furious Onslaught on his enemies and so tremendous was was the encounter that all nature is said to have throbbed in accord with this Mighty effort of the celestial deities the sea Rose mountains

High and its angry Billows hissed and foamed the Earth shook to its foundations the heavens sent forth Rolling Thunder and Flash after flash of death bringing lightning whilst a blinding Mist enveloped cronis and his allies and now the fortunes of War began to turn and victory Smiled On Zeus

Cronis and his army were completely overthrown his brothers dispatched to the gloomy depths of the lower world and cronis himself was banished from his kingdom and deprived forever of the supreme power which now became vested in his son Zeus this war was called the Titan omia and is most graphically described by the

Old classic poets with the defeat of cronis and his banishment from his dominions his career as a ruling Greek Divinity entirely ceases but being like all the gods Immortal he was supposed to be still in existence though possessing no longer either influence or authority his place

Being filled to a certain extent by his descendant and successor Zeus cronis is often represented as an old man leaning on a side with an hourglass in his hand The Hourglass symbolizes the fast fleeting moments as they succeed each other unceasingly the scthe is emblematical of

Time which Ms down all before it Saturn the Romans according to their custom of identifying their deities with those of the Greek gods whose attributes were similar to their own declared cronis to be identical with their old agricultural Divinity Saturn they believed that after his defeat in a Titan omia and his

Banishment from his dominions by Zeus he took Refuge with Janice king of Italy who received the exiled deity with great kindness and even shared his throne with him their United Reign became so thoroughly peaceful and happy and was distinguished by such uninterrupted Ed Prosperity that it was called the Golden

Age Saturn is usually represented bearing a sickle in the one hand and a wheat sheath in the other a temple was erected to him at the foot of the capitaline hill in which were deposited the public Treasury and the laws of the state RHA Ops Ria the wife of cronis and

Mother of Zeus and the other great gods of Olympus personified the Earth and was regarded as the great mother and unceasing producer of all all plant life she was also believed to exercise unbounded sway over the animal creation more especially over the lion the noble king of beasts Ria is generally

Represented wearing a crown of turrets or towers and seated on a throne with lions crouching at her feet she is sometimes depicted sitting in a chariot drawn by lions the principal seat of her worship which was always of a very riotous character was at creit at her

Festivals which took place at night the wildest music of flutes symbols and drums resounded whilst joyful shouts and cries accompanied by dancing and Loud stamping of feet filled the air this Divinity was introduced into Creek by its first colonists from friia in Asia Minor in which country she was woried

Under the name of sibili the people of Creek adored her as the great mother more especially in her signification as the sustainer of the vegetable world seeing however that year by year as winter appears all her glory vanishes her flowers fade and her trees become leafless they poetically expressed this

Process of nature under the figure of a lost love she was said to have been tenderly attached to a youth of remarkable Beauty named ades who to her grief and indignation proved faithless to her he was about to unite himself to a nymph called sagaris when in the midst

Of the wedding Feast The Rage of the incensed goddess suddenly burst forth upon all present a panic seized the assembled guests and 80s becoming Afflicted with temporary Madness fled to the mountains and destroyed himself cbil moved with sorrow and regret instituted a yearly mourning for his loss when her

Priests the carban with their usual noisy accompaniments marched into the mountains to seek the lost youth having discovered him six they gave full vent to their ecstatic Delight by indulging in the most most violent gesticulations dancing shouting and at the same time wounding and gashing themselves in a

Frightful manner Ops in Rome the Greek Ria was identified with Ops the goddess of Plenty the wife of Saturn who had a variety of appalachi she was called magnam Mater M deorum barasin idea and also dindin this latter title she acquired from three high mountains in friia

Whence she was brought to Rome as as cile during the Second Punic War BC 205 in obedience to an injunction contained in the caline books she was represented as a matron crowned with Towers seated in a chariot drawn by Lions division of the world we will now

Return to Zeus and his brothers who having gained a complete victory over their enemies began to consider how the world which they had conquered should be divided between them at last it was settled by lot that Zeus should reign supreme in heaven whilst AIDS governed the lower world and posidon had full

Command over the sea but the supremacy of Zeus was recognized in all Three Kingdoms in heaven on Earth in which of course the sea was included and under the Earth Zeus held his court on the top of Mount Olympus whose Summit was beyond the clouds the dominions of AIDS were

The gloomy unknown regions below the Earth and posidon reigned Over the Sea it will be seen that the realm of each of these these Gods was enveloped in mystery Olympus was shrouded in Mists Hades was wrapped in Gloomy darkness and the sea was and indeed still is a source

Of Wonder and deep interest hence we see that what to other nations were merely strange phenomena serve this poetical and imaginative people as a foundation upon which to build the wonderful stories of their mythology the division of the world being now satisfactorily arranged it would seem that all things ought to have

Gone on smoothly but such was not the case trouble arose in an unlooked for quarter the Giants those hideous monsters some with legs formed of serpents who had sprung from the earth and the blood of Uranus declared war against the triumphant deities of Olympus and a struggle ensued which in

Consequence of Gia having made these children of hers Invincible as long as they kept their feet on the ground was wearisome and protracted their mother’s precaution however was rendered unavailing by pieces of rock being hurled upon them which threw them down and their feet being no longer placed firmly on their

Mother earth they were overcome and this tedious War which was called the gigantomachia at last came to an end among the most daring of these earthborn Giants were Enceladus Reus and the Valiant mimus who with youthful fire and energy hurled against Heaven great masses of rock and burning oak trees and

Defied the Lightnings of Zeus one of the most powerful monsters who opposed Zeus in this war was called Typhon or tyus he was the youngest son of Tartarus and Gia and had a h 100 heads with eyes which struck Terror to the beholders and a inspiring voices frightful to hear

This Dreadful monster resolved to conquer both Gods and Men but his plans were at length defeated by Zeus who after a violent encounter succeeded in destroying him with a thunderbolt but not before he had so terrified the gods that they had fled for Refuge to Egypt where they metamorphosed themselves into different

Animals and thus escaped theories as to the origin of man just as there were several theories concerning the origin of the world so there were various accounts of the creation of man the first natural belief of the Greek people was that man had sprung from the earth

They saw the tender plants and flowers force their way through the ground in the early spring of the year after the frost of winter had disappeared and so they naturally ConEd cluded that man must also have issued from the earth in a similar manner like the wild plants

And flowers he was supposed to have had no cultivation and resembled in his habits the Untamed Beasts of the field having no habitation except that which nature had provided in the holes of the rocks and in the dense forests whose overarching boughs protected him from the inclemency of the weather in the

Course of time these primitive human beings became tamed and civilized by the gods and heroes who taught them to work medals to build houses and other useful Arts of civilization but the human race became in the course of time so degenerate that the gods resolved to destroy all mankind

By means of a flood dualan son of Prometheus and his wife PIRA being on account of their piety the only mortal saved by the command of his father du Alan built a ship in which he and his wife took Refuge during the Deluge which lasted for 9 days when the waters AB

Bedded the ship rested on Mount Ares in thessaly or According to some on Mount Parnassus Jalan and his wife now consulted the Oracle of themus as to how the human race might be restored the answer was that they were to cover their heads and throw the bones

Of their mother behind them for some time they were perplexed as to the meaning of the oracular command but at length both agreed that by the bones of their mother were meant the stones of the earth they accordingly took up stones from the mountain side and cast them over their

Shoulders from those thrown by duelan there sprang up men and from those thrown by PIR women after the lapse of time the theory of autocon from Otto self and thwn Earth was laid aside when this belief existed there were no religious teachers whatever but in course of time temples were raised in

Honor of the different gods and Priests appointed to offer sacrifices to them and conduct their worship these priests were looked upon as authorities in all religious matters and the doctrine they taught was that man had been created by the gods and that there had been several successive Ages of Men which were called

The golden silver Brazen and iron ages life in the Golden Age was one unceasing round of ever occurring Pleasures unmarred by sorrow or care the favored Mortals living at this happy time LED pure and joyous lives thinking no evil and doing no wrong the Earth brought forth fruits and

Flowers without toil or labor in plentiful luxuriance and War was unknown this delightful and Godlike existence lasted for hundreds of years and when at length life on Earth was ended death laid his hands so gently upon them that they passed painlessly away in a happy dream and continued their existence as ministering Spirits

In Hades watching over and protecting those they had loved and left behind on Earth the men of the Silver age said were a long time growing up and during their childhood which lasted 100 years they suffered from ill health and extreme debility when they at last

Became men they lived but a short time for they would not abstain from Mutual injury nor pay the service due to the gods and were therefore banished to Hades there unlike the beings of the golden age they exercised no beneficent supervision over the dear ones left behind but wandered about his Restless

Spirits always sighing for the Lost Pleasures they they had enjoyed in life the men of the Brazen age were quite a different race of beings being as strong and powerful as those of the Silver age were weak and inovated everything which surrounded them was of brass their arms their tools their

Dwellings and all that they made their characters seemed to have resembled the metal in which they delighted their minds and hearts were hard obdurate and cruel they led a life of strife and contention introduced into the World which had hitherto known nothing but peace and Tranquility the scourge of war

And were in fact only happy when fighting and quarreling with each other hither to feus the goddess of Justice had been living among mankind but becoming disheartened at their evil doings she abandoned the Earth and winged her flight back to Heaven at last the gods became so tired of their evil

Deeds and continual dissensions that they removed them from the face of the Earth and sent them down to Hades to share the fate of their predecessors we now come to the men of the Iron Age the Earth no longer teeming with fruitfulness only yielded her increase after much toil and labor the

Goddess of Justice having abandoned mankind no influence remained sufficiently powerful to preserve them from every kind of wickedness and sin this condition grew worse as time went on until at last Zeus in his anger let loose the water courses from above and drowned every individual of this evil

Race except dualan in pural the theory of hessed at the oldest of all the Greek poets was that the Titan Prometheus the son of iapetus had formed man out of clay and that athe had breathed the soul into him full of love for the beings he had called into existence Prometheus

Determined to elevate their minds and improve their condition in every way he therefore taught them astronomy mathematics the alphabet how to cure diseases and the Art of divination he created this race in such great numbers that the gods began to see the necessity of instituting certain fixed laws with

Regard to the sacrifices due to them and the worship to which they considered themselves entitled from Mankind in return for the protection which they accorded them an assembly was therefore convened at Mone in order to settle these points it was decided that Prometheus as the advocate of man should

Slay an ox which should be divided into two equal parts and that the god should select one portion which should henceforth in all future sacrifices be set apart for them Prometheus so divided the ox that one part consisted of the bones which formed of course the least valuable portion of the animal artfully

Concealed by the white fat whilst the other contained all the edible parts which he covered with the skin and on the top of all he laid the stomach Zeus pretending to be deceived chose the Heap of bones but he saw through the strategy and was so angry at the deception

Practiced on him by Prometheus that he Avenged himself by refusing to Mortals The Gift of fire Prometheus however resolved to Brave the anger of the great ruler of Olympus and to obtain from Heaven the vital spark so necessary for the further progress and comfort of the human race he accordingly contrived to

Steal some Sparks from The Chariot of the sun which he conveyed to Earth hidden in a hollow tube furious at being again outwitted Zeus determined to be revenged for first on Mankind and then on Prometheus to punish the former he commanded hephestus Vulcan to mold a beautiful woman out of clay and

Determined that through her instrumentality trouble and misery should be brought into the world the gods were so Charmed with the graceful artistic creation of hephestus that they all determined to endow her with some special gift Hermes Mercury bestowed on her a smooth persuasive tongue Aphrodite gave her beauty and the Art of pleasing

The Graces made her fascinating and ath manura gifted her with the possession of feminine accomplishments she was called Pandora which means all gifted having received every attribute necessary to make her Charming and irresistible thus beautifully formed and endowed this Exquisite creature attired by The Graces and crowned with flowers

By the seasons was conducted to the house of Epimetheus 9 by Hermes the messenger of the Gods now Epimetheus had been warned by his brother not to accept any gift whatever from the gods but he was so fascinated by the beautiful being who suddenly appeared before him that he

Welcomed her to his home and made her his wife it was not long however before he had caused to regret his weakness he had in his possession a jar of rare workmanship containing all the blessings reserved by the gods for mankind which he had been expressly forbidden to open but woman’s proverbial

Curiosity could not withstand so great a tempt ation and Pandora determined to solve the mystery at any cost watching her opportunity she raised the lid and immediately all the blessings which the gods had thus reserved for mankind took wing and flew away but all was not lost

Just as hope which lay at the bottom was about to escape Pandora hastily closed the lid of the jar and thus preserved to man that never-failing Solace which helps him to bear with Courage the many ills which assail him 10 having punished mankind Zeus determined to execute Vengeance on

Prometheus he accordingly chained him to a rock in Mount Caucasus and sent an eagle every day to gnaw away his liver which grew again every night ready for fresh torments for 30 years Prometheus endured this fearful punishment but at length Zeus relented and permitted his son Heracles Hercules to kill the eagle and

The sufferer was released third Dynasty Olympian divinity ities Zeus 11 Jupiter Zeus the great presiding deity of the universe the ruler of Heaven and Earth was regarded by the Greeks first as the God of all aerial phenomena secondly as the personification of the laws of nature thirdly as Lord of State life and

Fourthly as the father of Gods and Men as the god of aerial phenomena he could by shaking his egis 12 produce storms tempests and intense dark Darkness at his command the mighty Thunder Rolls the lightning flashes and the clouds open and pour forth their refreshing streams to fructify the Earth as the

Personification of the operations of nature he represents those grand laws of unchanging and harmonious order by which not only the physical but also the moral world is governed hence he is the god of regulated time as marked by the changing seasons and by the regular succession of day and night in contradistinction to

His father Cron us who represents time absolutely I.E eternity as the Lord of State life he is the founder of kingly power the upholder of all institutions connected with the state and the special friend and Patron of princes whom he guards and assists with his advice and Council he protects

The Assembly of the people and in fact watches over the welfare of the whole Community as the father of the Gods Zeus sees that each deity performs his or her individual Duty punish es their misdeeds settles their disputes and acts towards them on all occasions as their all-

Knowing counselor and mighty friend as the father of men he takes a paternal interest in the actions and well-being of Mortals he watches over them with tender solicitude rewarding truth charity and uprightness but severely punishing perjury cruelty and want of hospitality even the poorest and most forlorn Wanderer finds in him a powerful

Advocate for he by a wise and merciful dispensation ordains that the mighty ones of the earth should sucker their distressed and needy Brethren the Greeks believed that the home of this their Mighty and all powerful deity was on the top of Mount Olympus that high and lofty Mountain between thessaly and Macedon

Whose Summit wrapped in clouds and Mist was hidden from Mortal view it was supposed that this mysterious region which even a bird could not reach extended beyond the clouds right into ether the realm of the immortal gods The Poets describe this ethereal atmosphere as bright glistening and refreshing exercising A peculiar

Gladdening influence over the minds and hearts of those privileged beings permitted to share its Delights here youth never ages and the passing years leave no traces on its favorite inhabitants on the cloudcap summit of Olympus was the Palace of Zeus and Hera of burnished gold chased silver and

Gleaming Ivory lower down were the homes of the other gods with which though less commanding in position and size were yet similar to that of Zeus in design and workmanship all being the work of the Divine artist tesus below these were other palaces of silver ebony ivory or burnished brass

Where the heroes or demigods resided as the worship of Zeus formed so important a feature in the religion of the Greeks his statues were necessarily both numerous and magnificent he is usually represented as a man of noble and imposing mean his countenance expressing all the lofty Majesty of the omnipotent ruler of the

Universe combined with the gracious yet serious benignity of the father and friend of mankind he may be recognized by his Rich flowing beard and the thick masses of hair which rise straight from the high and intellectual forehead and fall to his shoulders in clustering locks the

Nose is large and finely formed and the slightly opened lips impart an air of sympathetic kindliness which invites confidence he is always accompanied by an eagle which either surmounts his scepter or sits at his feet he generally bears in his uplifted hand a sheath of thunderbolts just ready to be hurled

Whilst in the other he holds the lightning the head is frequently encircled with a wreath of oak leaves the most celebrated statue of The Olympian Zeus was that by the famous Athenian sculptor fidus which was 40 ft high and stood in the Temple of Zeus at

Olympia it was formed of Ivory and gold and was such a masterpiece of art that it was reckoned among the Seven Wonders of the World it represented the god Seated on a throne holding in his right hand a life-sized image of Nike the goddess of Victory and in his left a

Royal scepter surmounted by an eagle it is said that the great sculptor had concentrated all the marvelous powers of his genius on this Sublime conception and earnestly intreated Zeus to give him a decided proof that his labors were approved and answer to his prayer came through the open roof of the temple in

The shape of a flash of lightning which fidus interpreted as a sign that the god of heaven was pleased with his work Zeus was first worshiped at DeDona in epirus where at the foot of Mount tomis on the Woody shore of Lake jonina was his famous Oracle the most ancient in Greece

He the voice of the Eternal and invisible God was supposed to be heard in the rustling leaves of a giant Oak announcing to mankind the will of Heaven and the D of Mortals these Revelations being interpreted to the People by the priests of Zeus who were called SEL

Recent excavations which have been made at this spot have brought to light the ruins of the Ancient Temple of Zeus and also among other interesting relics some plates of lead on which are engraved inquiries which were evidently made by certain individuals who consulted the Oracle these little leaden plates speak

To us as it were in a curiously homely manner of a by gone time in the buried past one person inquires what God he should apply to for health and Fortune another asks for advice concerning his child and a third evidently a Shepherd promises a gift to the Oracle should a

Speculation in sheep turn out successfully had these little memorials been of gold instead of lead they would doubtless have shared the fate of the numerous Treasures which Adorn this and other temples in the Universal pillage which took place when Greece fell into the hand of Barbarians though didona was the most

Ancient of his shrines the great National seat of the worship of Zeus was at Olympia in Ellis where there was a magnificent Temple dedicated to him containing the famous colossal statue by fidus above described crowds of devout worshippers flocked to this world-renowned Fain from all parts of Greece not only to pay

Homage to their Supreme deity but also to join in the celebrated games which were held there at intervals of 4 years the Olympic Gam were such a thoroughly National Institution that even Greeks who had left their native country made a point of returning on these occasions if

Possible in order to contend with their fellow countrymen in the various athletic sports which took place at these festivals it will be seen on reflection that in a country like Greece which contained so many Petty states often at variance with each other these National Gatherings must have been most valuable

As a means of uniting the Greeks in one Great Bond of Brotherhood on these festive occasions the whole nation met together forgetting for the moment all past differences and uniting in the enjoyment of the same festivities it will doubtless have been remarked that in the representations of

Zeus he is always accompanied by an eagle this royal bird was sacred to him probably from the fact of its being the only creature capable of gazing at the sun without being dazzled which may have suggested the idea that it was able to contemplate the Splendor of divine Majesty unshrinking

The oak tree and also the Summits of mountains were sacred to Zeus his sacrifices consisted of White Bulls cows and goats Zeus had seven Immortal wives whose names were maate feis urany deer nasan Leto and Hera midus his first wife was one of the oceanites or SE nymphs

She was the personification of prudence and wisdom a convincing proof of which she displayed in her successful administration of the potion which caused cronis to yield up his children she was endowed with the gift of Prophecy and for told to Zeus that one of their children would gain ascendency

Over him in order therefore to avert the possibility of the prediction being fulfilled he swallowed her before any children were born to them feeling afterwards violent pains in his head he sent for hephestus and ordered him to open it with an axe his command was

Obeyed and outs sprang with a a loud and Marshal shout a beautiful being clad in armor from head to foot this was athe minurva goddess of armed resistance and wisdom theis was the goddess of Justice Law and Order uranami was one of the oceanites and the mother of the charites

Or Graces dimiter 13 the daughter of cronis and Ria was the goddess of agriculture nasini the daughter of Uranus and Gia was the goddess of memory and the mother of the nine Muses Leto Latona was the daughter of cus and Phoebe she was gifted with wonderful Beauty and was tenderly loved by Zeus

But her lot was far from being a happy one for Hera being extremely jealous of her persecuted her with inveterate cruelty and sent the Dreadful serpent python 14 to terrify and torment her wherever she went but Zeus who had observed with the deepest compassion her weary wanderings and agonized fears

Resolved to create for her some place of Refuge however humble where she might feel herself safe from the venomous attacks of the serpent he therefore brought her to delos a floating island in the aan sea which he made stationary by attaching it with chains of adamant

To the Bottom of the Sea here she gave birth to her twin children Apollo and Artemis Diana two of the most beautiful of the Immortals According to some versions of the story of Leto Zeus transformed her into a quail in order that she might thus elude the vigilance of Hera and she

Is said to have resumed her true form when she arrived at the island of delos Hera being the principal wife of Zeus and Queen of Heaven a detailed account will be given of her in a special chapter in the union of Zeus with most of his Immortal wives we shall find that

An allegorical meaning is conveyed his marriage with matis who is said to have surpassed both Gods and Men in knowledge represent supreme power Allied to wisdom and prudence his Union with Themis typifies the bond which exists between Divine Majesty in Justice Law and Order Ur enemy as the

Mother of the charites or Graces supplied the refining and harmonizing influences of grace and beauty whilst the marriage of Zeus with nasini typifies the Union of genius with memory in addition to the seven Immortal wives of Zeus he was also Allied to a number of mortal maidens whom he visited under various

Disguises as was supposed that if he revealed himself in his true form as king of Heaven the Splendor of his glory would cause instant destruction to Mortals The Mortal consorts of Zeus have been such a favorite theme with poets painters and sculptors that it is necessary to give some account of their

Individual history those best known are antiopi Lita Europa Kalisto almin semile IO and den antiopi to whom Zeus appeared under the form of a sder was the daughter of nicus King of Thieves to escape the anger of her father she fled to cion where King iopus en raptured

With her wonderful Beauty made her his wife without asking her father’s consent this so enraged nicus that he declared war against iopus in order to compel him to restore antiopi at his death which took place before he could succeed in his purpose nicus left his kingdom to his brother

Leus commanding him at the same time to carry on the war and execute his Vengeance lus invaded cion defeated and killed iopus and brought back antiopi as a prisoner on the way to thev she gave birth to her twin Sons Aon and zethus who by the orders of lus were at once

Exposed on Mount cyan and would have perished but for the kindness of a Shepherd who took pity on them and preserve their lives antiy was for many years held captive by her uncle lus and compelled to suffer the utmost cruelty at the hands of his wife dersy but one

Day her Bonds were miraculously loosened and she flew for shelter and protection to the humble dwelling of her sons on Mount sior during the long period of their mother’s captivity the babes had grown into sturdy youths and as they listened angrily to the story of her wrongs they

Became all impatience to avenge them setting off at once to thieves they succeeded in possessing themselves of the town and after slaying the cruel leus they Bound dersy by the hair to the horns of a wild bull which dragged her hither and thither until she expired her

Mangled body was cast into the fountain near thieves which still Bears her name Aon became King of Thieves in his uncle’s dead he was a friend of the muses and devoted to music and poetry his brother Zeus was famous for his skill in archery and was passionately

Fond of the chase it is said that when Aon wished to enclose the town of Thieves with walls and Towers he had but to play a sweet melody on the liar given to him by Hermes and the huge Stones began to move and obediently fitted themselves together the punishment of

Dersy at the hands of Aon and zeius forms the subject of the world-renowned marble group in the museum at Naples known by the name of the faresi bull in sculpture Aon is always represented with a liar Zeus with a Club Lita whose affections Zeus won Under the form of a

Swan was the daughter of thesis king of eolia her twin Sons Castor and polyoses or pox 15 were renowned for their tender attachment to each other they were also famous for their physical accomplishments Castor being the most expert charioteer of his day and pox the first of pugilists their names appear both among

The hunters of the Caledonian bore hunt and the heroes of the Aran otic Expedition the brothers became attached to the daughters of Lucius Prince of the msians who had been betrothed by their father to Idis and lindus Sons of aarius having persuaded Lucius to break his promise the twins carried off the

Maidens as their Brides Idis and lindus naturally furious at this proceeding challenged the dioscuri to Mortal Combat in which Castor perished by the hand of Idis and lindus by that of Pollock Zeus wished to confer the gift of immortality upon Pollock but he refused to accept it

Unless allowed to share it with Castor Zeus gave the desired permission and the faithful brothers were both allowed to live but only on Alternate days the dicari received Divine honors throughout Greece and were worshiped with special reverence at Sparta Europa was the beautiful daughter of ainor king of

Fenicia she was one day Gathering flowers with her companions in a Meadow near the seashore when Zeus Charmed with her great Beauty and wishing to win her love transformed himself into a beautiful white bull and trotted quietly up to the princess so as not to alarm her surprised at the gentleness of the

Animal and admiring its beauty as it lay placidly on the grass she caressed it crowned it with flowers and at last playfully seated herself on its back hardly had she done so than the disguised God bound it away with his lovely burden and swam across the sea

With her to the island of creit Europa was the mother of minus IUS and radamanthys minus who became king of creit was celebrated for his Justice and moderation and after death he was created one of the judges of the lower World which office he held in conjunction with his brothers Kalisto

The daughter of lyan king of Arcadia was a Huntress in the train of Artemis devoted to the pleasures of the chase who had made a vow never to marry but Zeus under the form of the huntress goddess succeeded in obtaining her affections Hera being extremely jealous

Of her changed her into a bear and caused Artemis who failed to recognize her attendant under this form to hunt her in the Chase and put an end to her existence after her death she was placed by Zeus Among the Stars as a constellation under the name of arctos

Or the bear almini the daughter of electrian king of minini was betrothed to her cousin amp fitrian but during his absence on a perilous undertaking Zeus assumed his form and obtained her affections Heracles whose world-renowned exploits will be related among the Legends was the son of almini and Zeus

Semila a beautiful princess the daughter of Cadmus king of fisha was greatly beloved by Zeus like the unfortunate Kalisto she was hated by Hera with jealous malignity and the hotty Queen of Heaven determined to affect her destruction disguising herself therefore as Barrow s’s faithful old nurse she artfully persuaded her to insist upon

Zeus visiting her as he appeared to Hera in all his power and Glory while knowing that this would cause her instant death semily suspecting no treachery followed the advice of her supposed nurse and the next time Zeus came to her she earnestly intreated him to Grant the favor she was about to ask

Zeus swore by the sticks which was to the gods an irrevocable oath to acced to her request whatsoever it might be semile therefore secure of gaining her petition begged of Zeus to appear to her in all the glory of his divine power and Majesty as he had sworn to Grant

Whatever she asked of him he was compelled to comply with her wish he therefore revealed himself as the mighty lord of the universe accompanied by thunder and lightning and she was instantly consumed in the flames IO daughter of anakis king of Argos was a priestess of Hera she was very

Beautiful and Zeus who was much attached to her transformed her into a white cow in order to defeat the jealous intrigues of Hera who however was not to be deceived aware of the strategy she contrived to obtain the animal from Zeus and placed her under the watchful care

Of a man called Argus penapis who fastened her to an olive tree in the Grove of Hera he had a eyes of which when asleep he never closed more than two at a time being thus always on the watch Hera found him extremely useful in keeping guard over IO Hermes however by

The command of Zeus succeeded in putting all his eyes to sleep with the sound of his magic liar and then taking advantage of his helpless condition slew him The Story Goes that in commemoration of the services which Argus had rendered her Hera placed his eyes on the tail of a

Peacock as a lasting Memorial of her gratitude ever fertile in resource Hera now sent a gadfly to worry and torment the unfortunate IO incessantly and she wandered all over the world in hopes of escaping from her Tormentor at length she reached Egypt where she found rest and freedom from

The persecutions of her enemy on the banks of the Nile she resumed her original form and gave birth to a son called epeus who afterwards became king of Egypt and built the famous city of Memphis Den dot Zeus appeared to den under the form of a shower of

Gold further details concerning her will be found in the legend of Perseus the Greeks supposed that the Divine ruler of the universe occasionally assumed a human form and descended from his Celestial Abode in order to visit Mankind and observe their proceedings his aim being generally either to punish the guilty or to reward

The deserving on one occasion Zeus accompanied by Hermes made a journey through friia seeking hospitality and shelter wherever they went but nowhere did they receive a kindly welcome till they came to the humble Cottage of an old man and his wife called filon and bosses who entertained them with the greatest

Kindness setting before them what Frugal Fair their humble means permitted and bidding them welcome with unaffected cordiality observing in the course of their simple repast at the wine Bowl was miraculously replenished the Aged couple became convinced of the divine nature of their guests the gods now informed them

That on account of its wickedness their native place was doomed to destruction and told them to climb the neighboring Hill with them which overlooked the village where they dwelt what was their dismay on beholding at their feet in place of the spot where they had passed so many happy years together nothing but

A watery plane the only house to be seen being their own little cottage which suddenly changed itself into a temple Before Their Eyes Zeus now asked the worthy pair to name any wish they particularly desired and it should be granted they accordingly begged that they might serve the Gods in the temple

Below and end life together their wish was granted for after spending the remainder of their lives in the worship of the gods they both died at the same instant and were transformed by Zeus into trees remaining forever side by side upon another occasion Zeus wishing to ascertain for himself the truth of

The reports concerning the atrocious wickedness of mankind made a journey through Arcadia being recognized by the arcadians as king of Heaven he was received by them with becoming respect and veneration but Lan their King who had rendered himself Infamous by the gross Irey of himself and his sons doubted the

Divinity of Zeus ridiculed his people for being so easily duped and according to his custom of killing all strangers who ventured to trust his Hospitality resolved to murder him before executing this wicked design however he decided to put Zeus to the test and having killed a

Boy for the purpose placed before him a dish containing human flesh but Zeus was not to be deceived he beheld the revolting dish with horror and Loathing and angrily upsetting the table upon which it was placed turned Lan into a wolf and destroyed all his 50 Sons by

Lightning except nicus who was saved by the intervention of Gia Jupiter the Roman Jupiter who is so frequently confounded with the Greek Zeus is identical with him only as being the head of the Olympic gods and the presiding deity over Life Light and aerial phenomena Jupiter is Lord of life in its

Widest and most comprehensive signification having absolute power over life and death in which respect he differed from the Greek Zeus who was to a certain extent controlled by the all potent sway of the mui or Fates Zeus as we have seen often condescends to visit mankind either as a mortal or under

Various disguises whereas Jupiter always remains essentially the supreme god of heaven and never appears upon Earth the most celebrated Temple of Jupiter was that on the capitaline hill in the city of Rome where he was worshiped under the names of Jupiter Optimus Maximus capitolinus and tarius the Romans represented him Seated

On a throne of ivory holding in his right hand a sheath of thunderbolts and in his left a scepter whilst an eagle stands beside his throne Hera Juno Hera the eldest daughter of Cronus and Ria was born at Seas or According to some Accounts at Argos and was reared by the

Seed of enties oenus and tus who were models of conjugal Fidelity 16 she was the principal wife of Zeus and as Queen of Heaven participated in the honors paid to him but her Dominion only extended over the air the lower aerial regions Hera appears to be the sublime

Embodiment of strict matronly virtue and is on that account the protectress of Purity and married women faultless herself in her Fidelity as a wife she is essentially the type of the sanctity of the marriage tie and holds in aor any violation of its obligations so strongly was she imbued

With this hatred of any immorality that finding herself so often called upon to punish the failings of both Gods and Men in this respect she became jealous harsh and vindictive her exalted position as the wife of the Supreme deity combined with her extreme Beauty caused her to become exceedingly Vain and she consequently

Resented with great severity any infringement on her rights as Queen of Heaven or any apparent slight on her personal appearance the following story will signally illustrate how ready she was to resent any slight offered to her at the marriage of the Cy thetus with a mortal

Called pus all the gods and goddess were present except Aris the goddess of Discord indignant at not being invited she determined to cause dissension in the assembly and for this purpose threw into the midst of the guests a golden apple with the inscription on it for the

Fest now as all the goddesses were extremely beautiful each claimed the Apple but at length the rest having relinquished their pretentions the number of candidates was reduced to three Hera aen and Aphrodite who agreed to appeal to Paris for a settlement of this delicate question he being noted

For the wisdom he had displayed in his judgment upon several occasions Paris was the son of Priam king of Troy who ignorant of his Noble birth was at this time feeding his flocks on Mount Ida in friia Hermes as messenger of the Gods conducted the three rival Beauties to the young

Shepherd and with breathless anxiety they awaited his decision each Fair candidate endeavored to secure his favor by the most tempting offers Hera promised him extensive dominions athe Marshal Fame and Glory an afrite the loveliest woman in the world but whether he really considered Aphrodite the fairest of the three or preferred a

Beautiful wife to fame and power we cannot tell all we know is that to her he awarded the golden apple and she became Ever After universally acknowledged as the goddess of beauty Hera having fully expected that Paris would give her the preference was so indignant that she never forgave him and

Not only persecuted him but all the family of pran whose Dreadful sufferings and misfortunes during the Trojan War were attributed to her influence in fact she carried her animosity to such an extent that it was often the cause of domestic disagreements between herself and Zeus who espoused the cause of the

Trojans among the many stories of these frequent quarrels there is one connected with Heracles the favorite son of Zeus which is as follows Hera having raised a storm at sea in order to drive him out of his course Zeus became so angry that he hung her in the clouds by a Golden

Chain and attached heavy anvils to her feet her son hephestus tried to release his mother from her humiliating position for which Seuss threw him out of heaven and his leg was broken by the Fall Hera being deeply offended with Zeus determined to separate herself from him forever and she accordingly left him and

Took up her Abode in yubia surprised and grieved at this unlooked for desertion Zeus resolved to leave no means untried to win her back again in this emergency he consulted cyan King Of plaia Who was famed for his great wisdom and subtlety curan advised him to dress up an image

In Bridal attire and place it in a chariot announcing that this was plaia his future wife the artifice succeeded Hera incensed at the idea of arrival flew to meet the procession in great anger and seizing the supposed bride she furiously attacked her and dragged off her nuptial attire her

Delight on discovering the deception was so great that a Reconciliation took place and committing the image to the Flames with joyful laughter she seated herself in its place and returned to Olympus Hera was the mother of Aries Mars hephestus heie and althia Aries was the God of War

Hephestus of Fire hebi of Youth and althia presided over the birth of Mortals Hera dearly loved Greece and indeed always watched over and protected Greek interests her beloved and favorite cities being Argos Seas Sparta and minini her principal temples were at Argos and seamos from a remote period She was

Greatly venerated at Olympia and her Temple there which stood in the Altus or sacred grove was 500 years older than that of Zeus on the the same spot some interesting excavations which are now going on there have brought to light the remains of the ancient edifice which contains among other Treasures of

Antiquity several beautiful statues the work of the famous sculptors of ancient Greece at first this Temple was built of wood then of stone and the one lately discovered was formed of conglomerate of shells in the Altus races were run by Young maidens in honor of Hera and the

Fleetest of foot received in token of her Victory an olive wreath and a piece of the Flesh of the sacrifices these races like the Olympic Games Were celebrated at intervals of 4 years and were called hiri a beautiful robe woven by 16 women chosen from the

16 cities of Ellis was always offered to Hera on these occasions and coral songs and sacred dances formed part of the ceremonies Hera is usually represented Seated on a throne holding a pomegranate in one hand and a scepter surmounted by a cucko in the other she appears as a

Calm dignified matron of Majestic Beauty robed in a Tunic and mantle her forehead is Broad and intellectual her eyes large and fully opened and her arms dazzlingly white and finely moldered the finest statue of this Divinity was that by poletus at Argos her attributes are the diadem Veil scepter and

Peacock the first day of every month a ulam and sa were sacrificed to Herod the hawk goose and more particularly the peacock 17 were sacred to her flocks of these beautiful birds generally surround her throne and draw her Chariot Iris the rainbow being seated behind her her

Favorite flowers were the dney poppy and Lily Juno Juno the Roman Divinity supposed to be identical with the Greek Hera differed for her in the most Salient points for whereas Hera invariably appears as the hottie unbending queen of of Heaven Juno on the other hand is revered and beloved as the

Type of a matron and housewife she was woried in Rome under various titles most of which point to her vocation as the protectress of married women Juno was believ to watch over and guard the life of every woman from her birth to her death the principal temples dedicated to her were

In Rome one being erected on the Aventine and the other on the capitaline hill she had also attempted on the arks in which she was worshiped as Juno monetta or the warning goddess adjacent to this Shrine was the public mint8 on the 1st of March a grand Annual Festival

Called the matronalia was celebrated in her Honor by all the married women of Rome and this religious institution was accompanied with much solemnity 19 palis aine minurva palis aine goddess of wisdom and armed resistance was a purely Greek Divinity that is to say No Other Nation possessed a corresponding

Conception she was supposed as already related to have issued from the head of Zeus himself clad in armor from head to foot the miraculous Advent of this Maiden goddess is beautifully described by Homer in one of his hymns snowcapped Olympus shook to its foundation the Glad Earth re-echoed her Marshall shout the

Billowy sea became agitated and Helios the sun god arrested his fiery steeds in their headlong course to welcome this wonderful emanation from the godhead Athen was at once admitted into the Assembly of the Gods and henceforth took her place as the most faithful and sagacious of all her father’s

Counselors this Brave dauntless Maiden so exactly the essence of all that is Noble in the character of the father of Gods and Men remained throughout chaste in word and deed and kind at heart without exhibiting any of those failings which somewhat Mar the nobler features in the character of Zeus

This direct emanation from his own self justly his favorite child his better and purer counterpart received from him several important prerogatives she was permitted to hurl the Thunderbolts to prolong the life of man and to bestow the gift of Prophecy in fact Athen was the only Divinity whose authority was equal to

That of Zeus himself and when he had ceased to visit the Earth in person she was empowered by him to act as his Deputy it was her special duty to protect the State and all peaceful associations of mankind which she possessed the power of Defending when occasion required she encouraged the

Maintenance of Law and Order and defended the right on All Occasions for which reason in the Trojan War she espouses the cause of the Greeks and exerts all her influence on their behalf the areopagus a court of justice where religious causes and murders were tried was believed to have been instituted by

Her and when both sides happened to have an equal number of votes she gave the casting vote in favor of the accused she was the patroness of learning science and art more particularly where these contributed directly towards the welfare of Nations she presided over all inventions connected with agriculture invented the

Plow and taught mankind how to use oxen for farming purposes she also instructed Mankind in the use of numbers trumpets chariots and and presided over the building of the Argo 20 thereby encouraged ing the useful art of navigation she also taught the Greeks how to build the wooden Horse by means

Of which the destruction of Troy was affected the safety of cities depended on her care for which reason her temples were generally built on the Citadel and she was supposed to watch over the defense of the walls fortifications harbors and a Divinity who so Faithfully guarded the best interests of the state

By not only protecting it from the attacks of enemies but also by developing its Chief resources of of wealth and prosperity was worthily chosen as the presiding deity of the state and in this character as an essentially political goddess she was called Athen polius the fact of Athen having been

Born clad in armor which merely signified that her virtue and Purity were unassailable has given rise to the erroneous supposition that she was the presiding goddess of war but a deeper study of her character in all its bearings proves that in contradistinction to her brother Aries

The God of War who love Strife for its own sake she only takes up arms to protect the innocent and deserving against tyrannical oppression it is true that in The Iliad we frequently see her on the battlefield fighting valiantly and protecting her favorite Heroes but this is always at the command of Zeus

Who even supplies her with arms for the purpose as it is supposed that she possessed none of her own a marked feature in the representations of this deity is the egis that wonderful Shield given to her by her father as a further means of Defense which when in danger

She swung so swiftly round and round that it kept at a distance all antagonistic influences hence her name Palace from Pao I swing in the center of this Shield which was covered with dragon scales bordered with serpents and which she sometimes wore as a breastplate was the

A inspiring head of the Medusa which had the effect of turning to Stone all beholders in addition to the many functions which she exercised in connection with the state ath presided over the Two Chief Departments of feminine industry spinning and weaving in the latter art she herself displayed unrivaled ability and exquisite taste

She wo her own robe and that of Hera which last she is said to have embroidered very richly she also gave Jason a cloak rought by herself when he set forth in quest of the Golden Fleece being on one occasion challenged to a contest in this accomplishment by a

Mortal Maiden named Arachne whom she had instructed in the art of weaving she accepted the challenge and was completely vanquished by her pupil angry at her defeat she struck the unfortunate Maiden on the forehead with the shuttle which she held in her hand an Arachne being of a sensitive nature was so hurt

By this indignity that she hung herself in Despair and was changed by a theme into a spider this goddess is said to have invented the flute 21 upon which she played with considerable Talent until one day being laughed at by the assembled gods and goddesses for the contortions which her countenance

Assumed during these musical efforts she hastily ran to a fountain in order to convince herself whether she deserved their ridicule finding to her intense disgust that such was indeed the fact she threw the flute away and never raised it to her lips again AE is usually represented

Fully draped she has a serious and thoughtful aspect as though replete with earnestness and wisdom the beautiful oval Contour of her countenance is adorned by the luxuriance of her wealth of hair which is drawn back from the temples and hangs down in careless Grace she looks the embodiment of strength Grandeur and

Majesty whilst her broad shoulders and small hips give her a slightly masculine appearance when represented as the war goddess she appears clad in armor with a helmet on her head from which waves a large plume She carries the egis on her arm and in her hand a golden staff which

Possessed the property of endowing her chosen favorites with youth and dignity Athen was universally worshiped throughout Greece but was regarded with special veneration by the Athenians she being the guardian deity of Athens her most celebrated Temple was the Parthenon which stood on the Acropolis at Athens and contained her world-renowned statue

By fidus which ranked second only to that of Zeus by the same great artist this colossal statue was 39t F feet high and was composed of Ivory and gold its Majestic Beauty formed the chief attraction of the temple it represented her standing erect bearing her Spear and

Shield in her hand she held an image of Nike and at her feet there lay a serpent the tree sacred to her was the olive which she herself produced in a contest with posidon the Olive Tree thus called into existence was preserved in the temple of

Eus on the Acropolis and is said to have possessed such marvelous Vitality that when the Persians burned it after sacking the town it immediately burst forth into new shoots the principal Festival held in honor of this Divinity was the panthia the owl [ __ ] and serpent were the animals sacred to her and her

Sacrifices were Rams bulls and cows minurva the minurva of the Romans was identified with the Palace aen of the Greeks like her she presides over learning in all useful Arts and is the patroness of the feminine accomplishments of sewing spinning weaving and schools were under her special care and school boys therefore

Had holidays during her festivals the greater Quin quadria when they always brought a gift to their Master called The Miner vow it is worthy of notice that the only three divinities worshiped in the capital were Jupiter Juno and minurva and in their joint honor the Ludy maximi or great games were held feus

Feus who has already been alluded to as the wife of Zeus was the daughter of cronis and Ria and personified those Divine laws of justice and order by means of which the well-being morality of communities are regulated she presided over the Assemblies of the people and the laws of

Hospitality to her was entrusted the office of convoking the Assembly of the Gods and she was also Mistress of ritual and ceremony on account of her great wisdom Zeus himself frequently sought her counsel and acted upon her advice feus was a prophetic Divinity and had an oracle near the river spicus in

Biosa she is usually represented as being in the full maturity of Womanhood of fair aspect and wearing a flowing garment which drapes her Noble Majestic form in her right hand she holds the Sword of Justice and in her left the scales which indicate the impartiality with which every cause is carefully

Weighed by her her eyes being banded so that the personality of the individual should carry no weight with respect to the verdict this Divinity is sometimes identified with taii sometimes with an anky Themis like so many other Greek divinities takes the place of a more

Ancient deity of the same name who was a daughter of Uranus and Gia this elder themus inherited from her mother the gift of Prophecy and when she became merged into her younger representative she transmitted to her this prophetic power Hestia besta hesa was the daughter

Of cronis and Ria she was the goddess of fire in its first application to the wants of mankind hence she was essentially the presiding deity of the domestic Hearth and the guardian Spirit of man and it was her pure and benign influence which was supposed to protect

The sanctity of domestic life now in these early ages The Hearth was regarded as the most important and most sacred portion of the dwelling probably because the protection of the fire was an important consideration for if once permitted to become extinct reignition was attended with extreme difficulty in fact the Hearth was held

So sacred that it constituted the sanctum of the family for which reason it was always erected in the center of every house it was a few feet in height and was built of stone the fire was placed on the top of it and served the double purpose of preparing the daily

Meals and consuming the family sacrifices round this domestic Hearth or all altar were gathered the various members of the family the head of the house occupying the place of honor nearest The Hearth here prayers were said and sacrifices offered and here also every kind and Loving Feeling was

Fostered which even extended to the hunted and guilty stranger who if he once succeeded in touching this sacred altar was safe from Pursuit and Punishment and was henceforth placed under the protection of the family any crime committed within the sacred precincts of the domestic Hearth was in variably visited by death in Grecian

Cities there was a common Hall called the panium in which the members of the government had their meals at the expense of the state and here too was the Hestia or public Hearth with its Fire by means of which those meals were prepared it was customary for immigrants

To take with them a portion of this sacred fire which they jealously guarded and brought with them to their new home where it served as a connecting link between the young Greek colony and the mother country Hestia is generally represented standing and in accordance with the dignity and sanctity of her

Character always appears fully draped her countenance is distinguished by a Serene gravity of expression Vesta Vesta occupies a distinguished Place among the earlier divinities of the Romans her temple in Rome containing as it were the Hearthstone of the nation stood close beside the Palace of Numa pompilus on her altar burned the never

Ceasing fire with which was tended by her priestesses the Vestal virgins 22 the Temple of Vesta was circular in form and contained that sacred and highly prized treasure the Palladium of Troy 23 the Great Festival in honor of Vesta called the vestalia was celebrated on the 9th of June deer

Series deer from gamer bir mother was the daughter of cronis and Ria 24 she represented that portion of Gia the whole solid earth which we call the Earth’s crust and which produces all vegetation as goddess of agriculture fielded fruits plenty and productiveness she was the sustainer of material life

And was therefore a Divinity of great importance when ancient Gia lost with Uranus her position as a ruling Divinity she abdicated her sway in favor of her daughter Ria who henceforth inherited the powers which her mother had previously possessed receiving in her place the honor and worship of

Mankind in a very old poem Gia is accordingly described as retiring to a cavern in the bowels of the Earth where she sits in the lap of her daughter slumbering moaning and nodding forever and ever it is necessary to keep clearly in view the distinctive difference between the three great Earth goddesses

Gia Ria and deer Gia represents the Earth as a whole with its Mighty Subterranean forces Ria is that productive power which which causes vegetation to Spring forth thus sustaining men and animals demer by presiding over agriculture directs and utilizes Ria’s productive Powers but in later times when Ria like other ancient

Divinities loses her importance as a ruling deity deer assumes all her functions and attributes and then becomes the goddess of the life producing and life- maintaining Earth crust we must bear in mind the fact that man in his primitive State knew neither how to sew nor how to till the ground

When therefore he had exhausted the pastures which surrounded him he was compelled to seek others which were as yet unrep thus roaming constantly from one place to another settled habitations and consequently civilizing influences were impossible demer however by introducing a knowledge of Agriculture put an end at

Once and forever to that nomadic life which was now no longer necessary the favor of deer was believed to bring man kind rich harvests and fruitful crops whereas her displeasure caused blight drought and famine the island of Sicily was supposed to be under her special protection and there she was regarded with particular

Veneration the Sicilians naturally attributing the wonderful fertility of their country to the partiality of the Goddess deer is usually represented as a woman of noble bearing Majestic appearance tall matronly and dignified with beautiful golden hair which falls in Rippling curls over her stately shoulders the yellow locks being

Emblematical of the ripened ears of corn sometimes she appears seated in a chariot drawn by Wing dragons at others she stands erect her figure drawn up to its full height and always fully draped she Bears a sheath of weeders in one hand and a lighted torch in the other

The weeders are not unfrequently replaced by a bunch of poppies with which her brows are also garlanded though sometimes she merely wears a simple ribbon in her her hair deer as the wife of Zeus became the mother of pranie procine to whom she was so tenderly attached that her whole life

Was bound up in her and she knew no happiness except in her Society one day however whilst panie was gathering flowers in a meadow attended by the ocean nymphs she saw to her surprise a beautiful narcissus from the stem of which sprang forth a hundred blossoms Drawing Near to examine this

Lovely flower whose Exquisite scent perfumed the air she stooped down to gather it suspecting no evil when a yawning Abyss opened at her feet and AIDS the Grim ruler of the lower World appeared from its depths seated in his dazzling Chariot drawn by four black horses regardless of her tears and the

Shrieks of her female attendant Aid seized the terrified maiden and bore her away to the gloomy Realms over which he reigned in Melancholy Grandeur Helios the allseen son God and and hecy a mysterious and very ancient Divinity alone heard her cries for aid but were powerless to help her when demer became

Conscious of her loss her grief was intense and she refused to be comforted she knew not where to seek for her child but feeling that Repose and inaction were impossible she set out on her weary search taking with her two torches which she lighted in the Flames of Mount Edna

To guide her on her way for nine long days and nights she wandered on inquiring of everyone she met for Tidings of her child but all was in vain neither Gods nor men could give her the Comfort which her soul so hungered for at last on the 10th day the disconsolate

Mother met hecky who informed her that she had heard her daughter’s cries but knew not who it was that had borne her away by hec’s advice to Meer consulted Helios whose allseeing I nothing escapes and from him she learned that it was Zeus himself who had permitted aids to

Cease per Stephanie and transport her to the lower World in order that she might become his wife indignant with Zeus for having given his sanction to the Abduction of his daughter and filled with the bitterest sorrow she abandoned her home in Olympus and refused all Heavenly food disguising herself as an

Old woman she descended upon Earth and commenced a weary pilgrimage among mankind one evening she arrived at a place called thecus in ateka and sat down to rest herself near a well beneath the shade of an olive tree the youthful Daughters of celius the king of the

Country came with their pales of brass to draw water from this well and seeing that the tired wayf farer appeared faint and dispirited they spoke kindly to her asking who she was and whence she came deita replied that she had made her escape from Pirates Who had captured her

And added that she would feel grateful for a home with any worthy family whom she would be willing to serve in a menial capacity the princesses on hearing this begged deer to have a moment’s patience while they returned home and consulted their mother metera they soon brought the joyful

Intelligence that she was desirous of securing her Services as nurse to her infant son deaun or trypto lius when deer arrived at the house her radiant light suddenly illumined her which circumstance so overw metera that she treated the unknown stranger with the greatest respect and hospitably offered

Her food and drink but deer still grief Warn and dejected refused her friendly offers and held herself apart from the social board at length however the maid servant iambi succeeded by means of playful gests and mert in somewhat dispelling the grief of The Sorrowing mother causing her at times to smile in

Spite of herself and even inducing her to partake of a mixture of barley meal mint and water which was prepared according to the directions of the Goddess herself time passed on and the young child drove amazingly under the care of his kind and judicious nurse who however gave him no food but anointed

Him daily with Ambrosia and every night laid him secretly in the fire in order to render him Immortal and exempt from old age but unfortunately this benevolent design on the part of deer was frustrated by mananera herself whose curiosity one night impelled her to watch the proceedings of the mysterious being who

Nursed her child when to her horror she beheld her son placed in the Flames she shrieked aloud deer incensed at this untimely Interruption instantly withdrew the child and throwing him on the ground revealed herself in her true character the bent and aged form had vanished and

In its place there stood a bright and beautious being whose golden locks streamed over her shoulders in richest luxuriance her whole aspect bespeaking dignity and Majesty she told the asru metara that that she was the goddess deer and had intended to make her son Immortal but that her fatal curiosity had rendered

This impossible adding however that the child having slept in her arms and been nursed on her lap should ever command the respect and esteem of mankind she then desired that a temple and altar should be erected to her on a neighboring hill by the people of elus promising that she herself would direct

Them how to perform the sacred rights and ceremonies which should be observed in her honor with these words she took her departure never to return obedient to her commands celius called together a meeting of his people and built the temple on the spot which the goddess had

Indicated it was soon completed and deer took up her Abode in it but her heart was still sad for the loss of her daughter and the whole world felt the influence of her grief and dejection this was indeed a terrible year for mankind deer no longer Smiled On the

Earth she was want to bless and though the the husband men SED the Grain and the groaning oxen plowed the fields no Harvest rewarded their labor all was Barren dreary desolation the world was threatened with famine and the gods with the loss of their accustomed honors and sacrifices

It became evident therefore to Zeus himself that some measures must be adopted to appease the anger of the Goddess he accordingly dispatched Iris and many of the other gods and goddesses to implore demer to return to Olympus but all their prayers were fruitless the incensed goddess swore

That until her daughter was restored to her she would not allow the grain to Spring forth from the earth at length Zeus sent Hermes his faithful Messenger to the lower world with a petition to AIDS urgently entreating him to restore pranie to the arms of her disconsolate

Mother when he arrived in the gloomy Realms of AIDS Hermes found him Seated on a throne with the beautiful pranie beside him sorrowfully bewailing her unhappy Fate on learning his errand AIDS consented to resign panie who joyfully prepared to follow the messenger of the Gods to the Abode of life and light

Before taking leave of her husband he presented to her a few seeds of pomegranate which in her excitement she thoughtlessly swallowed and this simple act as the sequel will show materially affected her whole future life the meeting between mother and child was one of unmixed rapture and for the moment

All the past was forgotten the loving mother’s happiness would now have been complete had not AIDS asserted his rights these were that if any Immortal had tasted food in his Realms they were bound to remain there forever of course the ruler of the lower world had to prove this

Assertion this however he found no difficulty in doing as escalopas the son of acaron and orphne was his witness to the fact 25 Zeus pitying the disappointment of demer at finding her hopes thus blighted succeeded in affecting a compromise by inducing his brother aids to allow pranie to spend

Six months of the year with the gods above whilst during the other six she was to be the joyless companion of her Grim Lord below accompanied by her daughter the beautiful pany deer now resumed her long abandon dwelling in Olympus the sympathetic Earth responded gay to her Bright Smiles the corn at

Once sprang forth from the ground in fullest plenty the trees which late were seared and bare now dawned their brightest Emerald robes and the flowers so long imprisoned in the hard dry soil filled the whole air with their fragrant perfume thus ends this charming story which was a favorite theme with all the

Classic authors it is very possible that the poets who first created this graceful myth merely intended it as an allegory to illustrate the change of seasons in the course of time however a literal meaning became attached to this in similar poetical fancies and thus the people of Greece came to regard as an

Article of religious belief what in the first instance was nothing more than a poetic simile in the temple erected to demer at elus the famous alusan Mysteries were instituted by the goddess herself it is exceedingly difficult as in the case of all secret societies to discover anything with certainty

Concerning these sacred rights the most plausible supposition is that the doctrines taught by the priests to the favored few whom they initiated were religious truths which were deemed unfit for the uninstructed mind of the multitude for instance it is supposed that the myth of demer and pranie was

Explained by the teachers of the Mysteries to signify the temporary loss which Mother Earth sustains every year when the icy breath of winter robs her of her flowers and fruits and grain It is believed that in later times a still deeper meaning was conveyed by this beautiful myth VI the doctrine of the

Immortality of the soul the grain which as it were remains dead for a time in the dark Earth only to rise one day dressed in a newer and Lovelier Garb was supposed to symbolize the soul which after death frees itself from corruption to live again under a better and purer

Form when demer instituted the lusinan Mysteries celius and his family were the first to be initiated celius himself being appointed high priest his son tripus and his daughters who acted as priestesses assisted him in the duties of his sacred office the Mysteries were celebrated by the Athenians every 5

Years and were for a long time their exclusive privilege they took place by torch light and were conducted with the greatest solemnity in order to spread abroad the blessings which agriculture confers deer presented trypto lius with her Chariot drawn by Wing dragons and giving him some grains of corn desired him to

Journey Through the world teaching mankind the Arts of Agriculture and husbandry deer exercised great severity towards those who incurred her displeasure we find examples of this in the stories of stellio and irisan stellio was a youth who ridiculed the goddess for the eagerness with which she was eating a bowl of porridge when

Weary and faint in a vain search for her daughter resolved that he should never again have an opportunity of thus offending she angrily threw into his face the remainder of the food and changed him into a spotted lizard iriscan son of tripus had drawn upon himself the anger of demer by cutting

Down Her Sacred Groves for which she punished him with a constant and insatiable hunger he sold all his possessions in order to satisfy his cravings and was forced at last to devour his own limbs his daughter Metra who was devotedly attached to him possessed the power of transforming

Herself into a variety of different animals by this means she contrived to support her father who sold her again and again each time she assumed a different form and thus he dragged on a pitiful existence series the Roman series is actually the Greek Demeter under another name her attributes worship festivals and being

Precisely identical the Romans were indebted to Sicily for this Divinity her worship having been introduced by the Greek colonists who settled there the Celia or festivals in honor of siries commenced on the 12th of April and lasted several days Aphrodite Venus Aphrodite from APO seafoam and D

Issued the daughter of Zeus and a c nymph called Dion was the goddess of love and beauty Dion being a c nymph gave birth to her daughter beneath the waves but the child of the heaven inhabiting Zeus was forced to ascend from the ocean depths and mount to the

Snowcapped Summits of Olympus in order to breathe that ethereal and most refined Atmos osphere which pertains to the celestial Gods Aphrodite was the mother of Aeros Cupid the god of love also of inas the great Trojan hero and the head of that Greek colony which settled in Italy and from which arose

The city of Rome as a mother Aphrodite claims our Sympathy for the tenderness she exhibits towards her children Homer tells us in his Iliad how when inas was wounded in battle she came to his assistance regardless of personal danger and was herself severely wounded in attempting to save his life Aphrodite

Was tenderly attached to a lovely youth called Adonis whose exquisite beauty has become proverbial he was a motherless babe an Aphrodite taking pity on him placed him in a chest and entrusted him to the care of pranie who became so fond of the beautiful youth that she refused

To part with him Zeus being appealed to by the Rival Foster mothers decided that Adonis should spend four months of every year with pranie for with Aphrodite whilst during the remaining four months he should be left to his own devices he became however so attached to Aphrodite that he voluntarily devoted to

Her the time at his own disposal Adonis was killed during the chase by a wild boar to the great grief of Aphrodite who bemoaned his loss so persistently that aids moved with pity permitted him to pass six months of every year with her whilst the remaining half of the year

Was spent by him in the lower world Aphrodite possessed a magic girdle the famous cestus which she frequently lent to unhappy maidens suffering from the pangs of unrequited love as it was endowed with the power of inspiring affection for the wearer whom it invested with every attribute of Grace Beauty and

Fascination her usual attendants are the charites or Graces euph frosin AGA and tiia who are represented undraped and intertwined in a loving Embrace in Hess theogony she is supposed to belong to the more ancient divinities and whilst those of later date are represented as having descended one from

Another and all more or less from Zeus aphrodite has a variously accounted for yet independent origin the most poetical version of her birth is that when Uranus was wounded by his son cronis his blood mingled with the foam of the sea whereupon the bubbling Waters at once

Assumed a Rosy tint and from their depths arose in all the surpassing glory of her loveliness Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty shaking her long Fair Tresses the water drops rolled down into the beautiful sea shell in which she stood and became transformed into pure glistening pearls wafted by the soft and

Bommy breezes she floated on to ca and was then transported to the island of Cyprus lightly she stepped on Shore and under the gentle pressure of her delicate foot the dry and rigid sand became transformed into a verdant Meadow where every varied shade of color and every sweet odor Charmed the

Senses the whole island of Cypress became clothed with virger and greeted this fairest of all created beings with a glad smile of friendly welcome here she was received by the seasons who decked her with garments of immortal fabric encircling her Fair brow with a wreath of purest gold whilst from her

Ears depended costly rings and a glittering chain embraced her swan-like throat and now aray in all the panoply of her irresistible charms the nymphs escort her to the dazzling Halls of Olympus where she is received with ecstatic enthusiasm by the admiring gods and goddesses the gods all vied with each

Other in aspiring to the honor of her hand but hephestus became the envied possessor of this lovely being who however proved as faithless as she was beautiful and caused her husband much unhappiness owing to the preference she showed at various times for some of the other gods and also for Mortal men the

Celebrated Venus of Milo now in the Lou is an Exquisite statue of this Divinity the head is beautifully formed the rich waves of hair descend on a rather low but broad forehead and are caught up gracefully in a small knot at the back of the head the expression of the face

Is most bewitching and bespeaks the perfect joyousness of a happy nature combined with the Dignity of a goddess the drapery Falls in careless folds from the waist downwards and her whole attitude is the embod of all that is graceful and lovely in Womanhood she is of medium height and

The form is perfect in its Symmetry and faultless proportions Aphrodite is also frequently represented in the act of confining her dripping locks in a knot whilst her attendant nymphs envelop her in a Gauzy Veil The Animals sacred to her were the dove Swan swallow and Sparrow her favorite plants were the Myrtle apple

Tree Rose and Poppy the worship of Aphrodite is supposed to have been introduced into Greece from Central Asia there is no doubt that she was originally identical with the famous estart the ashth of the Bible against whose idolatrous worship and Infamous writs the prophets of old hurled forth their Sublime and Powerful anathemus

Venus the Venus of the Romans was identified with the Aphrodite of the Greeks the worship of this Divinity was only established in Rome in comparatively later times annual festivals called venelia were held in her honor and the month of April when flowers and plants spring forth aresh

Was sacred to her she was worshiped as Venus cloacina or the purifier and as Venus Mia or the Myrtle goddess an epithet derived from the Myrtle the emblem of Love Helios Soul the worship of Helios was introduced into Greece from Asia according to the earliest conceptions of the Greeks he was not

Only only the son God but also the personification of life and all life-giving power for light is well known to be an indispensable condition of all healthy terrestrial life the worship of the sun was originally very widely spread not only among the early Greeks themselves but also among other

Primitive Nations to us the sun is simply the orb of Light which high above our heads performs each day the functions assigned to it by a mighty and invisible power we can there for formed but a faint idea of the impression which It produced upon the spirit of a people

Whose intellect was still in its infancy and who believed with childlike Simplicity that every power of nature was a Divinity which according as its character was baleful or beneficent worked for the destruction or benefit of the human race Helios who was the son of the Titans Hyperion in Thea is described

As rising every morning in the East preceded by his sister EOS the dawn who with her Rosy fingers Paints the tips of the mountains and draws aside that Misty Veil through which her brother is about to appear when he has burst forth in all the Glorious light of day EOS disappears

And Helios now drives his flame darting Chariot along the accustomed track this Chariot which is of burnished gold is drawn by four fire breathing steeds behind which the young God stands erect with flashing eyes his head surrounded with Rays holding in one hand the Reigns of those fiery corsers which in all

Hands save his are unmanageable when towards evening he descends the curve 26 in order to cool his burning forehead in the waters of the deep sea he is followed closely by his sister Seline the moon who is now prepared to take charge of the world and illumin with her silver Crescent the

Dusky night Helios meanwhile rests from his labors and reclining Softly on the cool fragrant couch prepared for him by the SE NS recruit sus himself for another life-giving Joy inspiring and beautious day it may appear strange that although the Greeks considered the Earth to be a flat circle no explanation is

Given of the fact that Helio sinks down in the Far West regularly every evening and yet reappears as regularly every morning in the East whether he was supposed to pass through Tartarus and thus regain the opposite extremity through the bowels of the Earth or whether they thought he possessed any

Other means of making this Transit there is not a line in either Homer or hessi to prove in later times however the poets invented the graceful fiction that when Helios had finished his course and reached the western side of the curve a wingbo or cup which had been made for

Him by hephestus awaited him there and conveyed him rapidly with his glorious equipage to the east where he recommenced his bright and glowing career this Divinity was invoked as a witness when a solemn oath was taken as it was believed believed that nothing escaped his allseeing eye and it was

This fact which enabled him to inform demer of the fate of her daughter as already related he was supposed to possess flocks and herds in various localities which may possibly be intended to represent the days and nights of the year or the stars of Heaven Helios is said to have loved Cy a

Daughter of oenus who ently returned his affection but in the course of time the fickle son God transferred his Devotion to Leia the daughter of or King of the Eastern countries which so angered The Forsaken clitty that she informed oramus of his daughter’s attachment and he punished her by

Inhumanly burying her alive Helios overcome with grief endeavored by every means in his power to recall her to life at last finding all his efforts unavailing he sprinkled her grave with Heavenly nectar and immediately there sprang forth from the spot a chute of Frankincense which spread around its

Aromatic perfume fume the jealous clidy gained Nothing by her cruel conduct for the son God came to her no more inconsolable at his loss she threw herself upon the ground and refused all sustenance for nine long days she turned her face towards the Glorious God of day

As he moved along the heavens till at length her limbs became rooted in the ground and she was transformed into a flower which ever turns towards the sun Helios married purse daughter of oenus and their children were eats king of culus celebrated in the legend of the

Argonauts as the possessor of the Golden Fleece and Cersei the renowned sorceress Helios had another son named Fen whose mother was climbing one of the oceanites the youth was very beautiful and a great favorite with Aphrodite who entrusted him with the care of one of her temples which flattering proof of

Her regard caused him to become Vain and presumptuous his friend epeus son of Zeus and IO endeavored to check his youthful vanity by pretending to disbelieve his assertion that the son God was his father fan full of resentment and eager to be able to refute the caly hastened to his mother

Climbing and besought her to tell him whether Helios was really his father moved by his entreaties and at the same time angry at the reproach of epeus climbing pointed to the Glorious son then shining down upon them and assured her son that in that bright orb he beheld the author of his being

Adding that if he had still any doubt he might visit the radiant dwelling of the great God of Light and inquire for himself Overjoyed at his mother’s reassuring words and following the directions she gave him feton quickly wended his way to his father’s Palace as

He entered the Palace of the sun god the dazzling Rays almost blinded him and prevented him from approaching the throne on which his father was seated surrounded by the hours days months years and Seasons he iOS who with his allseeing eye had watched him from afar removed his crown of glittering rays and

Bade him not to be afraid but to draw near to his father encouraged by this kind reception fetan intreated him to bestow upon Him such a proof of his love that all the world might be convinced that he was indeed his son whereupon Helios desired him to ask any favor he

Pleased and swore by the sticks that it should be granted the impetuous youth immediately requested permission to Drive The Chariot of the son for one whole day his father listened horror struck to this presumptuous demand and by representing the many dangers which would beset his path endeavored to

Dissuade him from so perilous an undertaking but his son deaf to all advice pressed his point with such pertinacity that Helios was reluctantly compelled to lead him to the Chariot fedan paused for a moment to admire the beauty of the glittering equipage the gift of the god of fire who had formed

It of gold and ornamented it with precious stones which reflected the Rays of the Sun and now Helios seeing his sister the dawn opening her doors in The Rosy East ordered the hours to Yoke the horses the goddesses speedily obeyed the command and the father then Anointed The

Face of his son with a sacred bomb to enable him to endure the burning flames which issued from the nostrils of the steeds and sorrowfully placing his crown of rays upon his head desired him to ascend The Chariot the eager youth joyfully took his place and grasped the coveted rains but no

Sooner did the fiery corsers of the sun feel the inexperienced hand which attempted to guide them then they became restive and unmanageable wildly they rushed out of their accustomed track now soaring so high as to threaten the heavens with destruction now descending so low as

Nearly to set the Earth on fire at last the unfortunate charioteer blinded with the glare and terrified at the awful devastation he had caused dropped the rains from his Trembling Hands mountains and forests were in Flames rivers and streams were dried up and a general conflagration was imminent the scorched

Earth now called on Zeus for help who hurled his Thunderbolt at faen and with a flash of lightning brought the fiery steeves to a standstill the lifeless body of the youth fell headlong into the river iridis 27 where it was received and buried by the nymphs of the stream his

Sisters mourned so long for him that they were transformed by Zeus into popplers and the tears they shed falling into the waters became drops of clear transparent Amber sickness the faithful friend of the unhappy fetan felt such overwhelming grief at his terrible fate that he pined and wasted away the gods

Moved with compassion transformed him into a swan which forever brooded over the Fatal spot where the waters had closed over the head of his unfortunate friend the chief seat of the worship of Helios was the island of RADS which according to the following myth was his ESP special

Territory at the time of the Titan omia when the gods were dividing the World by lot Helios happened to be absent and consequently receed no share he therefore complained to Zeus who proposed to have a new allotment but this Helios would not allow saying that as he pursued his daily Journey his

Penetrating eye had beheld a lovely fertile Island lying beneath the waves of the ocean and that if the Immortals would swear to give him the undisturbed possession of this spot he would be content to accept it as his share of the universe the gods took the oath whereupon the island of RADS immediately

Raised itself above the surface of the waters the famous Colossus of roads which was one of the seven wonders of the world was erected in honor of Helios this wonderful statue was 105 ft high and was formed entirely of brass it formed the the entrance to the harbor at

Roads and the largest vessel could easily sail between the legs which stood on moles each side of the harbor though so gigantic it was perfectly proportioned in every part some idea of its size may be gained from the fact that very few people were able to span

The thumb of this statue with their arms in the interior of the Colossus was a winding staircase leading to the top from the summit of which by means of a telescope the coast of Syria and all also the shores of Egypt are said to have been visible 28 EOS

Aurora EOS the dawn like her brother Helios whose Advent she always announced was also deified by the early Greeks she too had her own Chariot which she drove across the vast Horizon both morning and night before and after the sun god hence she is not merely the personification of

The rosy mourn but also of Twilight for which reason her Palace is placed in the West on the island aeaa the Abode of EOS is a magnificent structure surrounded by flowery Meads and velvety Lawns where nymphs and other Immortal beings wind in and out in the Maisy figures of the dance whilst the

Music of a sweetly tuned Melody accompanies their graceful gliding movements EOS is described by The Poets as a beautiful Maiden with Rosy arms and fingers and large Wings whose plumage is of an everchanging Hue she Bears a star on her forehead and a torch in her hand

Wrapping around her the rich folds of her Violet tinged mantle she leaves her couch before the break of day and herself Yoles her two horses ledus and feten to her glorious Chariot she then hastens with active cheerfulness to open the gates of Heaven in order to Herald

The approach of her brother the god of day whilst the tender plants and flowers revived by the morning dew lift their heads to welcome her as she passes EOS first married the Titan estrias 29 and their children were heosphoros hesperis the evening star and the winds she

Afterwards became United to tonus son of lamdon King of Troy who had won her affection by his unrivaled Beauty and EOS unhappy at the thought of their being ever separated by death obtained for him from Zeus the gift of immortality forgetting however to add to it that of Eternal youth the consequence

Was that when in the course of time tanus grew old and decrepit and lost all the beauty which had won her admiration EOS became disgusted with his infirmities and at last shut him up in a chamber where soon little else was left of him but his voice which had now sunk

Into a weak feeble Quaver According to some of the later poets he became so weary of his cheerless and miserable existence that he entreated to be allowed to die this was however impossible but iOS pitying his unhappy condition exerted her divine power and changed him into a grasshopper which is

As it were all voice and who’s monotonous ceaseless chirpings may not inaptly be compared to the meaningless Babel of extreme old age febus Apollo febus Apollo the God of Light prophecy music poetry and the Arts and Sciences is by far the noblest conception within the whole range of

Greek mythology and his worship which not only extended to all the states of Greece but also to Asia Minor and to every Greek colony throughout the world stands Out Among the most ancient and strongly marked features of Grecian history and exerted a more decided influence over the Greek Nation than

That of any other deity not excepting Zeus himself Apollo was the son of Zeus and Leto and was born beneath the shade of a palm tree which grew at the foot of Mount cynthus on the barren and Rocky island of delos The Poets tell us that

The Earth smiled and the young God first beheld the light of day and that delos became so proud and exultant at the honor thus conferred upon her that she covered herself with golden flowers swans surrounded the island and the Delian nymphs celebrated his birth with songs of Joy the unhappy Leto

Driven to delos by the Relentless persecutions of Hera was not long permitted to enjoy her Haven of Refuge being still tormented by her enemy the young mother was once more obliged to fly she therefore resigned the charge of her newborn babe to the goddess Themis who carefully wrapped the helpless

Infant in swaddling clothes and fed him with nectar and Ambrosia but he had no sooner partaken of the Heavenly food then to the amazement of the Goddess he burst asunder the bands which confined his infant Limbs and springing to his feet appeared before her as a full-grown

Youth of divine strength and beauty he now demanded a liar and a bow declaring that henceforth he would announce to mankind the will of his father Zeus the golden liar said he shall be my friend the bent bow my delight and in oracles will I foretell the dark future with

These words he ascended to Olympus where he was received with joyful acclamations into the Assembly of the celestial Gods who acknowledged him as the most beautiful and glorious of all the sons of Zeus febus Apollo was the god of light in a two-fold signification first as representing the great orb of day

Which illumines the world and secondly as the Heavenly light which animates the soul of man he inherited His function as son God from Helios with whom in later times he was so completely identified that the personality of the one became gradually merged in that of the other we accordingly find Helios frequently

Confounded with Apollo myths belonging to the former attributed to the latter and with some tribes the ionic for instance so complete is this identification that Apollo is called by them Helios Apollo as the Divinity whose power is developed in the broad light of day he brings joy and Delight to Nature

And health and prosperity to Man by the influence of his warm and gentle Rays he disperses the noxious Vapors of the night assists the grain to ripen and the flowers to bloom but although as God of the son he is a life-giving and life-preserving power who by his genial

Influence dispels the cold of winter he is at the same time The God Who by means of his fiercely darting Rays could spread disease and send sudden death to men and animals and it is to this phase of his character that we must look for the explanation of his being considered

In conjunction with his twin sister Artemis as Moon Goddess a Divinity of death the brother and sister share this function between them he taking man and she woman as her aim and those especially who died in the bloom of Youth or at an advanced age were believed to have been killed by their

Gentle arrows but Apollo did not always send an easy death we see in The Iliad how when angry with the Greeks the god of the Silver Bow stroe Down from Olympus with his quiver full of death bringing darts and sent a raging pestilence into their camp for N9 days

He let fly his fatal arrows first on animals and then on men till the air became darkened with the smoke from the funeral PES in his character as God of Light feus Apollo is the protecting deity of shepherds because it is he who warms the fields and meadows and gives Rich

Pastures to the flocks thereby gladdening the heart of the herdsmen as the temperate Heat Of The Sun exercises so invigorating an effect on man and animals and promotes the growth of those medicinal herbs and vegetable Productions necessary for the Cure of diseases feus Apollo was supposed to

Possess the power of restoring life and health hence he was regarded as the god of healing but this feature in his character we shall find more particularly developed in his son esus esculapius the veritable God Of The Healing Art pursuing our analysis of the various phases in the character of febus

Apollo we find that with the first beams of his genial light all nature awakens to renewed life and the woods re-echo with the jubilant sound of the untaught Lays warbled by thousands of feathered corers hence by a natural inference he is the god of music and as according to

The belief of the Ancients The Inspirations of Genius were inseparably connected with the Glorious Light Of Heaven he is also the god of poetry and acts as the special patron of the Arts and Sciences Apollo is himself the Heavenly musician among the Olympic Gods whose Banquets are gladdened by the wondrous

Strains which he produces from his favorite instrument the seven string liar in the cultist of Apollo Music for formed a distinguishing feature all sacred dances and even the sacrifices in his honor were performed to the sound of musical instruments and it is in a great measure owing to the influence which the music

In his worship exercised on the Greek nation that Apollo came to be regarded as the leader of the nine Muses the legitimate divinities of poetry and song in this character he is called musaj jeets and is always represented robed in a long flowing garment his liar to the

Tones of which he appears to be singing is suspended by a band across the chest his head is encircled by a wreath of Laurel and his long hair streaming down over his shoulders gives him a somewhat effeminate appearance and now we must view the Glorious God of Light under

Another and as far as regards his influence over the Greek Nation a much more important aspect for in historical times all the other functions and attributes of Apollo sink into comparative insignificance before the great power which he exercised as God of Prophecy it is true that all Greek gods

Were endowed to a certain extent with the faculty of foretelling future events but Apollo as son God was the concentration of all prophetic power as it was supposed that nothing escaped his allseeing eye which penetrated the most hidden recesses and laid bare the secrets which lay concealed behind the dark veil of

The future we have seen that when Apollo assumed his God like form he took his place Among The Immortals but he had not long enjoyed the rapturous Delights of Olympus before he felt within him an Ardent desire to fulfill his great mission of interpreting to mankind the will of his

Mighty father he accordingly descended to Earth and traveled through many countries seeking a fitting sight upon which to establish an oracle at length he reached the southern side of the Rocky Heights of Parnassus beneath which lay the harbor of Chrissa here under the overhanging hanging Cliff he found a

Secluded spot where from the most ancient times there had existed an Oracle in which Gia herself had revealed the future to man and which in duan’s time she had resigned to feis it was guarded by the huge serpent python the scourge of the surrounding neighborhood and the terror alike of men and cattle

The young God full of confidence in his uniring aim attacked and slew the monster with his arrows thus freeing land and people from their Mighty enemy The Grateful inhabitants anxious to do honor to their deliverer flocked round Apollo who proceeded to Mark out a plan for a temple and with the assistance of

Numbers of eager volunteers a suitable edifice was soon erected it now became necessary to choose ministers who would offer up sacrifices interpret his prophecies to the people and take charge of the temple looking round he saw in the far distance a vessel bound from CRE to the pelonis and determined to to

Avail himself of her crew for his service assuming the shape of an enormous dolphin he agitated the waters to such a degree that the ship was tossed violently to and fro to the great alarm of the Mariners at the same time he raised A Mighty Wind which drove the ship into

The harbor of Chrissa where she ran ground the terrified Sailors dared not set foot on Shore but Apollo under the form of a vigorous youth stepped down to the vessel revealed himself in his true character and informed them that it was he who had driven them to Chrissa in

Order that they might become his priests and serve him in his Temple arrived at the sacred Fain he instructed them how to perform the services in his honor and desired them to worship him under the name of Apollo dolphinios because he had first appeared to them under the form of a

Dolphin thus was established the far-famed Oracle of Deli the only institution of the kind which was not exclusively National for it was consulted by lydians frians Etruscans Romans and and in fact was held in the highest repute all over the world in obedience to its decrees the laws of

Lerus were introduced and the earliest Greek colonies founded no cities were built without first Consulting the delic Oracle for it was believed that Apollo took special delight in the founding of cities the first stone of which he laid in person nor was any Enterprise ever undertaken without inquiring at this

Sacred Fame as to its probable success but that which brought Apollo more closely home to the hearts of the people and raised the whole moral tone of the Greek nation was the belief gradually developed with the intelligence of the people that he was the god who accepted repentance as an

Atonement for sin who pardoned the contrite Sinner and who acted as the special protector of those who like orestes had committed a crime which required long years of experation a is represented by the poets as being eternally young his countenance glowing with joyous life is the embodiment of immortal Beauty his eyes

Are of a deep blue his forehead low but Broad and intellectual his hair which falls over his shoulders in Long waving locks is of a golden or warm Chestnut Hue he is crowned with Laurel and wears a purple robe in his hand he Bears his Silver Bow

Which is unbent when he smiles but ready for use when he menaces evildoers but Apollo the eternally beautiful youth the Perfection of all that is graceful and refined rarely seems to have been happy in his love either his advances met with a repulse or his Union with the object of his

Affection was attended with fatal consequences his first love was Daphne daughter of penus the river god who was so averse to marriage that she entreated her father to allow her to lead a life of celibacy and devote herself to the chase which she loved to the exclusion of all other

Pursuits but one day soon after his victory over the python Apollo happened to see AOS bending his bow and proud of his own Superior strength and skill he laughed at the efforts of the little Archer saying that such a weapon was more suited to the one who had just

Killed the terrible serpent Aeros angrily replied that his arrows should pierce the heart of the mocker himself and flying off to the summit of Mount Parnassus he drew from his quiver two darts of different workmanship one of gold which had the effect of inspiring love the other of lead which created a

Verion taking aim at Apollo he pierced his breast with the golden shaft whilst the Leen one he discharged into the bosom of the beautiful Daphne the son of Leto instantly felt the most Ardent affection for the nymph who on her part evinced the greatest dislike towards her

Divine lover and at his approach fled from him like a hunted deer he called upon her in the most endearing accents to stay but she still sped on until at length becoming faint with fatigue and fearing that she was about to succumb she called upon the gods to come to her

Aid hardly had she uttered her prayer before a heavy torper seized her Limbs and just as Apollo threw out his arms to embrace her she became transformed into a laurel Bush he sorrowfully crowned his head with its leaves and declared that in memory of his love it should

Henceforth remain ever green and be held sacred to him he next sought the love of marpessa the daughter of IUS but though her father approved his suit the maiden preferred a youth named Idis who contrived to carry her off in a wing Chariot which he had procured from Poseidon Apollo pursued the fugitives

Whom he quickly overtook and forcibly seizing the bride refused to resign her Zeus then interfered and declared that marpessa herself must decide which of her lovers should claim her as his wife after due reflection she accepted Idis as her husband judiciously concluding that although the attractions of the

Divine Apollo were Superior to those of her lover it would be wiser to unite herself to a mortal who growing old with herself would be less likely to forsake her when advancing years should Rob her of her charms Cassandra daughter of Priam king of Troy was another object of the love

Of Apollo She fainted to return his affection and promised to marry him provided he would confer upon her the gift of Prophecy but having received the Boon she desired the treacherous Maiden refused to comply with the conditions upon which it had been granted incensed at her breach of Faith Apollo unable to

Recall the gift he had bestowed rendered it useless by causing her predictions to fail in obtaining Credence Cassandra became famous in history for her prophetic Powers but her prophecies were never believed for instance she warned her brother Paris that if he brought back a wife from Greece he would cause the destruction of

His father’s house and Kingdom she also warned the Trojans not to admit the wooden horse within the walls of the city and foretold to Agamemnon all the disasters which afterwards befell him Apollo afterwards married caronus a nymph of Lissa and thought himself happy in the possession of her faithful love

But once more he was doomed to disappointment for one day his favorite bird the crow flew to him with the intelligence that his wife had transferred her affections to a youth of honia Apollo burning with rage instantly destroyed her with one of his death bringing darts too late he repented of

His rashness for she had been tenderly beloved by him and he would Fain have recalled her to life but although he exerted all his healing powers his efforts were in vain he punished the crow for its gulity by changing the color of its plumage from Pure White to

Intense black and forbade it to fly any longer among the other birds caronus left an infant son named asclepius who afterwards became God of medicine his powers were so extraordinary that he could not only cure the sick but could even restore the dead to life at last

AIDS complained to Zeus that the number of Shades conducted to his dominions was daily decreasing and the great ruler of Olympus fearing that mankind thus protected against sickness and death would be able to defy the Gods themselves killed Aus with one of his Thunderbolts the loss of his highly

Gifted son so exasperated Apollo that being unable to vent his anger on Zeus he destroyed the Cyclops who had forged the Fatal Thunderbolts for this offense Apollo would have been banished by Zeus to tardus but at the earnest intercession of Leto he partially relented and contented himself with depriving him of

All power and dignity and imposing on him a temporary servitude in in the house of admetus king of thessaly Apollo Faithfully served his royal master for 9 years in the humble capacity of a shepherd and was treated by him with every kindness and consideration During the period of his

Service the king sought the hand of el cestus the beautiful daughter of pus son of posidon but her father declared that he would only resign her to The Suitor who should succeed in yoking a lion and a wild boar to his Chariot by the aid of his Divine herdsman and admus

Accomplished this difficult task and gained his bride nor was this the only favor which the king received from the exiled God for Apollo obtained from the fates the gift of immortality for his benefactor on condition that when his last hour approached some member of his own family

Should be willing to die in his dead when the Fatal hour arrived and admetus felt that he was at the point of death he implored his aged parents to yield to him their few remaining days but but life is sweet even to old age and they both refuse to make the sacrifice

Demanded of them Al cestus however who had secretly devoted herself to death for her husband was seized with a mortal sickness which kept pace with his rapid recovery the devoted wife breathed her last in the arms of admetus and he had just consigned her to the tomb when

Heracles chanced to come to the Palace admetus held the rights of hospitality so sacred that he at first kept Silence with to his great bereavement but as soon as his friend heard what had occurred he bravely descended into the tomb and when death came to claim his prey he exerted His

Marvelous strength and held him in his arms until he promised to restore the beautiful and heroic Queen to the bosom of her family whilst pursuing the peaceful life of a Shepherd Apollo formed a strong friendship with two youths named hyacinthus and cyparissus but the great favor shown to them by the

God did not suffice to Shield Ked them from Misfortune the former was one day throwing the discus with Apollo when running too eagerly to take up the one thrown by the God he was struck on the head with it and killed on the spot Apollo was overcome with grief at the

Sad end of his young favorite but being unable to restore him to life he changed him into the flower called after him the Hyacinth cyparissus had The Misfortune to kill by accident one of Apollo’s favorite Stags which so preyed on his mind that he gradually ped away and died

Of a broken heart he was transformed by the god into a cypress tree which owes its name to this story after these sad occurrences Apollo quitted thess and repaired to friia in Asia Minor where he met posidon who like himself was in Exile and condemned to a temporary

Servitude on Earth the two Gods now entered the service of lamedon king of Troy Apollo undertaking to tend his flocks and posidon to build the walls of the city but Apollo also contributed his assistance in the erection of those wonderful walls and by the aid of His Marvelous Musical Powers the labors of

His fellow worker Poseidon were rendered so light and easy that his otherwise arduous task Advanced with astonishing Solarity four as the Master Hand of the god of Music grasped the chords of his liar 30 the huge blocks of stone moved of their own accord adjusting themselves with the utmost nicity into the places

Designed for them but though Apollo was so renowned in the art of Music there were two individuals who had the affron to consider themselves equal to him in this respect and accordingly each challenged him to compete with them in a musical contest these were marcius and pan

Marcius was a sder who having picked up the flute which Athen had thrown away in disgust discovered to his great delight and astonishment that in consequence of its having touched the lips of a goddess it played play of itself in the most Charming manner marcius who was a great

Lover of music and much beloved on this account by all the elf-like Dennison of the woods and Glenns was so intoxicated with joy at this discovery that he foolishly challenged Apollo to compete with him in a musical contest the challenge being accepted the muses were chosen umpires and it was decided that

The unsuccessful candidate should suffer the punishment of being flayed alive for a long time the merits of both claimants remained so equally balanced that it was impossible to award the palm of Victory to either seeing which Apollo resolved to conquer added The Sweet Tones of his melodious voice to the strains of his

Liar and this at once turned the scale in his favor the unhappy marcius being defeated had to undergo the terrible penalty and his untimely fate was universally lamented indeed the SATs and DRS his companions wept so incessantly at his fate that their tears uniting together formed a river in friia which is still

Known by the name of marcius the result of the contest with pan was by no means of so serious a character the god of Shepherds having affirmed that he could play more skillfully on his flute of seven reads the sings or pan pipe then Apollo on his world-renowned liar a contest ensued in

Which Apollo was pronounced the Victor by all the judges appointed to decide between the Rival candidates Midas king of friia alone demurred at this decision having the bad taste to prefer the UNC tones of the pan pipe to the refined Melodies of Apollo’s liar incensed at the obstinacy and stupidity

Of the frian king Apollo punished him by giving him the ears of an ass Midas horrified at being thus disfigured determined to hide his disgrace from his subjects by means of a cap his Barber however could not be kept in ignorance of the fact and was was therefore bribed

With Rich gifts never to reveal it finding however that he could not keep the secret any longer he dug a hole in the ground into which he whispered it then closing up the aperture he returned home feeling greatly relieved at having thus eased his mind of its burden but

After all this very humiliating secret was revealed to the world for some Reeds which sprung up from the spot murmured incessantly as they waved to and fro in the wind King Midas has the ears of an in the sad and beautiful story of naobi daughter of Tantalus and wife of Aon

King of Thieves we have another instance of the severe punishments Meed out by Apollo to those who in any way incurred his displeasure naobi was the proud mother of seven sons and seven daughters and exalting in the number of her children she upon one occasion ridiculed

The worship of Leo because she had but one son and daughter and desired the thebans for the future to give to her the honors and sacrifices which they had hitherto offered to the mother of Apollo and emis the sacrilegious words had scarcely passed her lips before Apollo called

Upon his sister Artemis to assist him in avenging the insult offered to their mother and soon their invisible arrows sped through the air Apollo slew all the sons and Artemis had already slain all the daughters save one the youngest and best beloved whom naobi clasped in her arms when the agonized mother implored

The enraged deities to leave her at least one out of all her beautiful children but even as she prayed the deadly Arrow reached the heart of this child also meanwhile the unhappy father unable to Bear the loss of his children had destroyed himself and his dead body

Lay beside the lifeless corpse of his favorite son widowed and childless the heartbroken mother sat among her dead and the Gods in pity for her unutterable woe turned her into a stone which they transferred to syphilis her native frian Mountain where it still continues to shed tears the punishment of naobi forms

The subject of a magnificent marble Group which was found at Rome in the year 1553 and is now in the gallery of uy at Florence the renowned singer orus was the son of Apollo kopy The Muse of epic poetry and as might be expected with parents so highly gifted was endowed

With most distinguished intellectual qualifications he was a poet a teacher of the religious doctrines known as the orphic Mysteries and a great musician having inherited from his father an extraordinary genius for music when he sang to The Sweet Tones of his liar he Charmed all nature and summoned around him the wild beasts

Of the forests who under the influence of his music became tame and gentle as Lambs the madly rushing torrent stopped their rapid course and the Very mountains and trees moved from their places at the sound of his entran Melodies orus became United to a lovely nymph named Ury the daughter of the sea

God nerus whom he fondly loved she was no less attached to him and their married life was full of joy and happiness but it was only short-lived for aresius 31 the half brother of orus having fallen in love with the beautiful uriy forcibly endeavored to take her from her husband

And as she fled across some fields to elude his Pursuit she was bitten in the foot by a venomous snake which lay concealed in the long grass uriy died of the wound and her Sorrowing husband filled the Groves and valleys with his Pious and unceasing Lamentations his Longing To behold her

Once more became at last so unconquerable that he determined to Brave the horrors of the lower World in order to entreat aids to restore to him his beloved wife armed only with his golden liar the gift of Apollo he descended into the gloomy depths of Hades where his Heavenly music arrested

For a while the torments of the unhappy sufferers the stone of Copus remained motionless Tantalus forgot his Perpetual thirst the wheel of exion ceased to revolve and even the fury shed tears and withheld for a time their persecutions undismayed at the scenes of horror and suffering which met his view

On every side he pursued his way until he arrived at the palace of AIDS presenting himself before the throne on which sat the stony-hearted king in his consort pranie orus recounted his woes to the sound of his liar moved to pity by his sweet strains they listened to

His Melancholy story and consented to release uicy on condition that he should not look upon her until they reached the upper World orus gladly promised to comply with this injunction and followed by uicy ascended the Steep and gloomy path which led to the Realms of life and

Light all went well until he was just about about to pass the extreme limits of Hades when forgetting for the moment the hard condition he turned to convince himself that his beloved wife was really behind him the glance was fatal and destroyed all his hopes of happiness for

As he yearningly stretched out his arms to embrace her she was caught back and vanished from his sight forever the grief of orus at this second loss was even more intense than before and he now avoided all human society in vain did the nymphs his once chosen companions Endeavor to win him

Back to his accustomed haunts their power to charm was gone and music was now his sole consolation he wandered forth alone choosing the wildest and most secluded paths and the hills and vales resounded with his pathetic Melodies at last he happened to cross the path of some thran women who were

Performing The Wild rights of dionisis bakus and in their mad Fury at his refusing to join them they furiously attacked him and tore him in pieces in pity for his unhappy fate the muses collected his remains which they buried at the foot of Mount Olympus and the nighting Gale warbled a funeral durge

Over his grave his head was thrown into the river hebrus and as it floated down the stream the lips still continued to murmur the Beloved name of uicy the chief seat of the worship of Apollo was at Deli and here was the most magnificent of all his temples the

Foundation of which reaches far beyond all historical knowledge and which contained immense riches the offerings of kings and private persons who had received favorable replies from the Oracle the Greeks believed Deli to be the central point of the Earth because two Eagles sent forth by Zeus one from

The East the other from the West were said to have arrived there at the same moment the pithan Games celebrated in honor of the victory of Apollo over the python took place at Deli every four years at the first celebration of these games gods goddesses and Heroes

Contended for the prizes which were at first of gold or silver but consisted in later times of simple Laurel wreaths on account of its being the place of his birth the whole island of delos was consecrated to Apollo where he was worshiped with great solemnity the greatest care was taken to

Preserve the sanctity of the spot for which reason no one was suffered to be buried there at the foot of Mount cus was The Splendid Temple of Apollo which possessed an Oracle and was enriched with magnificent offerings from all parts of Greece even foreign Nations held this island sacred for when the

Persians passed it on their way to attack Greece they not only sailed by leaving it uninjured but sent Rich presents to the temple games called deia instituted by Theus were celebrated at delos every 4 years a festival term the gipedo was held at Sparta in honor of

Apollo in which boys sang the Praises of the Gods and of the 300 lonians who fell at the Battle of thermopol wolves and Hawks were sacrificed to Apollo and the birds sacred to him were the hawk Raven and Swan Roman Apollo the worship of Apollo never occupied the all-important

Position in Rome which it held in Greece nor was it introduced till a comparatively late period there was no Sanctuary erected to this Divinity until BC 430 when the Romans in order to avert a plague built a temple in his honor but we do not find the worship of Apollo becoming in any

Way prominent until the time of Augustus who having called upon this God for Aid before the famous battle of actium ascribed the victory which he gained to his influence and accordingly erected a temple there which he enriched with a portion of the spoil Augustus afterwards built another temple in honor of Apollo

On the Palatine Hill in which at the foot of his statue were deposited two guilt chests containing the cilene oracles these oracles were collected to replace the siine books originally preserved in the temple of Jupiter which were destroyed when that edifice was burned the siil were maidens who had

Received the gift of Prophecy and the privilege of living to an incredible age one of these ciles known as the cian appeared to Taria Superbus the last king of Rome offering for sale nine books which she informed him had been written by herself not knowing who she was Tarin

Refused to buy them upon which she burned three and returned with six demanding the same price as before being again driven away as an impostor she again retired and burned three more returning with the remaining three for which she still asked the same price as at first tarquin amazed at her

Inconsistency now consulted the augers who blamed him for not having bought the nine books when they were first offered to him and desired him to secure the remaining three at whatever price they were to be had he accordingly purchased the volumes which were found to contain predictions of great importance to the

Romans after the disposal of the books the cibil vanished and was seen no more the most beautiful and renowned of all the statues of Apollo now in existence is that known as the Apollo badier which was found in 1503 among the ruins of ancient antium it was purchased by Pope

Julius 2 Who removed it to the badier of the Vatican from whence it takes its name and where it has been for more than 300 years the admiration of the world when Rome was taken and plundered by the French this celebrated statue was transported to Paris and placed in the

Museum there but in 1815 it was restored to its former place in the Vatican the attitude of the figure which is more than 7 ft high is inimitable in its freedom Grace and Majesty the forehead is noble and intellectual and the whole countenance so Exquisite in its beauty that one

Pauses Spellbound to Gaze on so perfect a conception the God has a very youthful appearance as is usual in all his representations and with the exception of a short mantle which falls from his shoulders is unclothed he stands against the trunk of a tree up which a serpent is creeping

And his left arm is outstretched as though about to punish HEC HEC would appear to have been originally a moon goddess worshiped by the thians she became confounded and eventually identified with Seline and pany and is one of those divinities of whom the Ancients had various conflicting accounts HEC was the

Daughter of perses and gold wreathed asria The Starry KN 32 and her sway extended over Earth Heaven and Hell for which reason she is represented in works of art as a triple Divinity having three female bodies all young and beautiful and United together in later times when this Divinity becomes identified with

Pranie she is supposed to inhabit the lower world as a malignant deity and henceforward it is the gloomy all inspiring side of her character which alone develops itself she now presides over all practices connected with witchcraft and enchantments haunt sepers and the point where two roads cross and

Lonely spots where murders have been committed she was supposed to be connected with the appearance of ghosts and specters to possess unlimited influence over the powers of the lower world and to be able to lay to rest unearthly apparitions by her magic spells and incantations HEC appears as a gigantic

Woman bearing a torch and a sword her feet and hair are formed of snakes and her passage is accompanied by Voices of Thunder weird shrieks and yells and the Deep banging and Howling of dogs her favor was propitiated by offerings and sacrifices principally consisting of black Lambs her festivals were

Celebrated at Night by torch light when these animals were offered to her accompanied by many peculiar ceremonies these ceremonies were carried out with the minutest attention to details as it was believed that the omission of the slightest particular would afford to her ministers the evil spirits of the lower world who hovered

Round the worshippers an opportunity for entering among them and exerting their banful influence at the end of every month food was placed wherever two roads met in Readiness for her and other malignant divinities in studying The Peculiar characteristics which HEC assumes when she usurps the place of prapan the

Rightful Mistress of the lower world we are reminded of the various superstitions with regard to specters Witchcraft and which have even down to our own times exerted so powerful an influence over the minds of the ignorant and which would appear to owe their origin to a remote Pagan Source Seline

Luna just as Helios personified the Sun so his sister Seline represented the moon and was supposed to drive her Chariot across the sky whilst her brother was reposing after the toils of the day when the shades of evening began to unfold the Earth the two milk white

Steeds of Seline rose out of the mysterious depths of oenus seated in a silvery Chariot and accompanied by her daughter verse the goddess of the Dew appeared the mild and gentle Queen of the Night with a crescent on her Fair brow a Gauzy Veil flowing behind and a lighted torch in

Her hand Seline greatly admired a beautiful young Shepherd named and Demian to whom Zeus had accorded the privilege of Eternal youth combined with the faculty of sleeping whenever he desired and as long as he wished seeing this lovely youth fast asleep on Mount lmas Seline was so struck with his

Beauty that she came down every night from Heaven to watch over and protect him Artemis Diana Artemis was worshiped by the Greeks under various appellations To Each of which belonged special characteristics thus she is known as The Arcadian Ephesian and bonian Artemis and also as Seline Artemis and in order

Fully to comprehend the worship of this Divinity we must consider her under each aspect Arcadian emis The Arcadian emis the real Artemis of the the Greeks was the daughter of Zeus and Leto and twin sister of Apollo she was the goddess of hunting and Chastity and having obtained from her

Father permission to lead a life of celibacy she ever remained a maiden Divinity Artemis is the feminine counterpart of her brother the Glorious God of Light and like him though she deals out destruction and sudden death to men and animals she is also able to alleviate suffering and cure

Diseases like Apollo also she is skilled than the use of the bow but in a far more eminent degree for in the character of Artemis who devoted herself to the chase with passionate ardor this becomes an all distinguishing feature armed with her bow and quiver and attended by her

Train of huntresses who were nymphs of the woods and springs she roamed over the mountains in pursuit of her favorite exercise destroying in her course the wild animals of the forest when the chase was ended Artemis and her maidens loved to assemble in a shady grove or on

The banks of a favorite stream where they joined in The Merry Song or graceful dance and made the hills ReSound with their joyous shouts as the type of Purity and Chastity Artemis was especially venerated by Young maidens who before marrying sacrificed their hair to her she was also the patroness

Of those vowed to celibacy and punished severely any infringement of their obligation the huntress godddess is represented as being a head taller than her attendant nymphs and always appears as as a youthful and slender Maiden her features are beautiful but wanting in gentleness of expression her hair is

Gathered negligently into a knot at the back of her well-shaped head and her figure though somewhat masculine is most graceful in its attitude and proportions the short robe she wears leaves her limbs free for the exercise of the chase her Devotion to which is indicated by the quiver which is slung

Over her shoulder and the bow which she bears in her hand there are many famous statues of this Divinity but the most celebrated is that known as the Diana of versailes now in the Lou which forms a not unworthy companion to the Apollo badier of the Vatican in this statue the

Goddess appears in the act of rescuing a hunted deer from its pursuers on whom she is turning with angry mean one hand is laid protectingly on the head of the Stag whilst with the other she draws an arrow from the quiver which hangs over her shoulder her attributes are the bow

Quiver River and spear the animals sacred to her are the hind dog bear and wild boar Artemis promptly resented any disregard or neglect of her worship a remarkable instance of this is shown in the story of the Caledonian Bor hunt which is as follows enus king of cadon in

Eolia had incurred the displeasure of Artemis by neglecting to include her in a general sacrifice to the gods which he had offered up out of gratitude for a boun harvest the goddess enraged at this neglect sent a wild boar of extraordinary size and prodigious strength which destroyed the sprouting

Grain laid waste the fields and threatened the inhabitants with famine and death at this juncture meager the brave son of enus returned from the argonautic Expedition and finding his country ravaged by this Dreadful Scourge intreated the assistance of all the celebrated Heroes of the age to join him in hunting the Ferocious monster

Among the most famous of those who responded to his call were Jason Castor and pox Idis and lindus pus telon admetus perius and Theus the brothers of Alia wife of enus joined the hunters and meager also enlisted into his service the fleet footed Huntress Atlanta the father of

This Maiden was skus an archadian who disappointed at the birth of a daughter when he had particularly desired a son had exposed her on the perian Hill where he left her to perish here she was nursed by a she bear and at last found by some Hunters who reared her and gave

Her the name of Atlanta as the maiden grew up she became an Ardent lover of the Chase and was alike distinguished for her beauty and courage though often woed she led a life of strict celibacy an oracle having predicted that inevitable Misfortune awaited her should she give herself in

Marriage to any of her numerous suitors many of the her Heroes objected to hunt in company with a maiden but meleager who loved Atlanta overcame their opposition and the Valiant band set out on their expedition Atlanta was the first to wound the boar with her spear but not before two of the heroes

Had met their death from his Fierce tusks after a long and desperate encounter meager succeeded in killing the monster and presented the head and height to Atlanta as trophies of the victory the uncles of meleager however forcibly took the hide from the maiden claiming their right to the spoil as

Next of kin if meleager resigned it emis whose anger was still unappeased caused a violent quarrel to arise between uncles and nephew and in the struggle which ensued meleager killed his mother’s brothers and then restored the hide to Atlanta when Alia beheld the dead bodies of the slain Heroes her

Grief and anger knew no bounds she swore to Revenge the death of her brothers on her own son and and unfortunately for him the instrument of Vengeance lay ready to her hand at the birth of meleager the mo or Fates entered the house of enus and pointing to a piece of

Wood then burning on the Hearth declared that as soon as it was consumed the babe would surely die on hearing this Alia seized the brand laid it up carefully in a chest and henceforth preserved it as her most precious possession but now love for her son giving place to the

Resentment she felt against the murderer of of her brothers she threw the Fatal brand into the devouring Flames as it consumed the Vigor of meager wasted away and when it was reduced to ashes he expired repenting too late the terrible effects of her rash deed Alia in remorse and despair

Took away her own life the news of the courage and intrepidity displayed by Atlanta in the famous Bor hunt being carried to the years of her father caused him to acknowledge his long-lost child but urged by him to choose one of her numerous suitors she consented to do

So but made it a condition that he alone who could outstrip her in the race should become her husband whilst those she defeated should be put to death by her with the Lance which she bore in her hand thus many suitors had perished for the maiden was unequaled for swiftness

Of foot but at last a beautiful youth named hipomenes who had vainly endeavored to win her love by his assiduous attentions in the chase ventured to enter the fatal lists knowing that only by strategy could he hope to be successful he obtained by the help of Aphrodite three golden apples

From the garden of the Hesperides which he threw down at intervals during his course Atlanta secure of Victory stooped to pick up the tempting fruit and in the meantime hipomenes arrived at the goal he became the husband of the lovely Atlanta but forgot in his newly found

Happiness the Gratitude which he owed to Aphrodite and the goddess withdrew her favor from the pair not long after the prediction which foretold Misfortune to Atlanta in the event of her marriage was verified for she and her husband having strayed unsanctioned into a sacred grove of Zeus were both transformed into

Lions the trophies of the ever memorable bore hunt had been carried by Atlanta into Arcadia and for many centuries the identical hide and enormous tusks of the Caledonian boore hung in the temple of Athen at teaching the tusks were afterwards conveyed to Rome and shown there among other

Curiosities a forcible instance of the manner in which Artemis resented any intrusion on her retirement is seen in a fate which befell the famous Hunter acan who happening one day to see Artemis and her attendants bathing imprudently ventured to approach the spot the goddess incensed at his audacity

Sprinkled him with water and transformed him into a stag whereupon he was torn in pieces and devoured by his own dogs Ephesian emis the Ephesian Artemis known to us as Diana of the Ephesians was a very ancient Asiatic Divinity of Persian origin called Metra 33 whose worship the Greek colonists found already

Established when they first settled in Asia Minor and whom they identified with their own Greek Artemis though she really possessed but one single attribute in common with their home deity Metra was a two-fold Divinity and presented in one phase of her character all pervading love in the other she was

The light of heaven and as Artemis in her character as Seline was the only Greek female Divinity who represented Celestial light the Greek settlers according to their custom of fusing foreign deities into their own seized at once upon this point of resemblance and decided that Metra should henceforth be regarded as

Identical with emis in her character as the love which pervades all nature and penetrates everywhere they believed her also to be present in the mysterious realm of Shades where she exercised her benign sway replacing to a certain extent that ancient Divinity hecy and partly usurping also the place of prapan

As Mistress of the lower World thus they believed that it was she who permitted the spirits of The Departed to revisit the Earth in order to communicate with those they loved and to give them timely warning of coming evil in fact this Great Mighty and omnipresent Power of

Love as embodied in the Ephesian Artemis was believed by the great thinkers of old to be the ruling Spirit of the universe and it was to her influence that all the mysterious and beneficent workings of nature were ascribed there was a magnificent Temple erected to this Divinity at Ephesus a

City of Asia Minor which was ranked among the seven wonders of the world and was unequaled in Beauty and Grandeur the interior of this edifice was adorned with statues and paintings and contained 127 columns 60 ft in height each column having been placed there by a different King the wealth

Deposited in this Temple was enormous and the goddess was here worshiped with particular awe and solemnity in the interior of the edifice stood a statue of her formed of ebony with lions on her arms and turrets on her head whilst a number of breasts indicated the fruitfulness of the earth

And of nature Tesson was the principal architect of this world-renowned structure which however was not entirely completed till 220 years after the foundation stone was laid but the labor of centuries was destroyed in a single night for a man called herostratus seized with the insane desire of making

His name famous to all succeeding Generations set fire to it and completely destroyed it 34 so great was the indignation and sorrow of the Ephesians At This calamity that they enacted a law forbidding the incendiar name to be mentioned thereby however defeating their own object for thus the

Name of herostratus has been handed down to posterity and will live as long as the memory of the famous temple of Ephesus bonian emis in ancient times the country which we now call the Crimea was known by the name of the taua chinesis it was colonized by Greek

Settlers who finding that the cian inhabitants had a native Divinity somewhat resembling their own Artemis identified her with the goddess of the mother country the worship of this Toran emis was attended with the most barbarous practices for in accordance with a law which she had enacted all strangers whether male or female Landing

Or Shipwrecked on her Shores were sacrificed upon her altars it is supposed that this decree was issued by the tan goddess of Chastity to protect the purity of her followers by keeping them apart from foreign influences the interesting story of epia a Priestess in the temple of emis at

Taurus forms the subject of one of Schiller’s most beautiful plays the circumstances occurred at the commencement of the Trojan War and are as follows the fleet collected by the Greeks for the siege of Troy had assembled at Alis in bosha and was about to set sail when Agamemnon the

Commander-in-chief had The Misfortune to kill accidentally a stag which was Grazing In A Grove sacred to emis the offended goddess sent continuous comms that delayed the departure of the fleet and calus the soothsayer who had accompanied the Expedition declared that nothing less than the sacrifice of agamemnon’s favorite daughter

Eugenia would appease the Wrath of the Goddess at these words the heroic heart of the Brave leader sank within him and he declared that rather than consent to so fearful an alternative he would give up his share in the Expedition and return to Argos in this dilemma

Odyusa the council to discuss the matter and after much deliberation it was decided that private feeling must yield to the welfare of the state for a long time the unhappy agamenon turned a deaf ear to their arguments but at last they succeeded in persuading him that it was his duty to make the

Sacrifice he accordingly dispatched a messenger to his wife cly anestra begging her to send igia to him alleging as a pretext that the Great Hero Achilles desired to make her his wife rejoicing at the brilliant Destiny which awaited her beautiful daughter the fond mother at once obeyed the command and

Sent her to Alis when the maiden arrived at her destination and discovered to her horror the Dreadful fate which awaited her she threw herself in an Agony of grief at her father’s feet and with sobs and tears intreated him to have mercy on her and to spare her young life but alas

Her Doom was sealed and her now repentant and heartbroken father father was powerless to avert it the unfortunate victim was bound to The Altar and already the Fatal knife was raised to deal the death blow when suddenly igia disappeared from View and in her place on the altar lay a

Beautiful deer ready to be sacrificed it was Artemis herself who pitying the youth and beauty of her victim caused her to be conveyed in a cloud to TAA where she became one of her priestesses and entrusted with the charge of her Temple a dignity however which necessitated the offering of those

Human sacrifices presented to emis many years passed away during which time the long and wearisome Siege of Troy had come to an end and the brave agamenon had returned home to meet death at the hands of his wife and aisus but his daughter Eugenia was still in Exile from her native country and

Continued to perform the terrible duties which her office involved she had long given up all hopes of ever being restored to her friends when one day two Greek strangers landed on toa’s inhospitable shores these were orestes and pilotes whose romantic attachment to each other has made their names synonymous for devoted self-sacrificing friendship

Orestes was epag genia’s brother and pilotes her cousin and their object in undertaking an expedition fraught with so much Peril was to obtain the statue of the Toran emis orestes having incurred the anger of the furies for avenging the murder of his father Agamemnon was pursued by them

Wherever he went until at last he was informed by the Oracle of Deli that in order to pacify them he must convey the image of the tan Artemis from tus to adeka this he at once resolved to do and accompanied by his faithful friend pilotes who insisted on sharing the

Dangers of the undertaking he set out for Tara but the unfortunate youths had hardly stepped on Shore before they were seized by the natives who as usual conveyed them for sacrifice to the temple of Artemis ifigeneia discovering that they were Greeks though unaware of their near relationship to herself

Thought the opportunity a favorable one for sending Tidings of her existence to her native country and accordingly requested one of the strangers to be the bearer of a letter from her to her family a magnanimous dispute now arose between the friends and each besought the other to accept

The precious privilege of life and freedom pilotes at length overcome by the UR entreaties of orestes agreed to be the bearer of the missive but on looking more closely at the superscription he observed to his intense surprise that it was addressed to orestes hereupon an explanation followed the brother and sister recognized each

Other amid joyful tears and loving Embraces and assisted by her friends and Kinsmen Eugenia escaped with them from a country where she had spent so many unhappy days and witnessed so many scenes of horror and anguish the fugitives having contrived to obtain the image of voran Artemis carried it

With them to boron in ateka this Divinity was henceforth known as the bonian emis and the rights which had rendered her worship so Infamous in Tara were now introduced into Greece and human victims bled freely under the sacrificial knife both in Athens and Sparta the revolting practice of

Offering human sacrifices to her was continued until the time of lerus the great spart loger who put an end to it by substituting in its place one which was hardly less barbarous namely the scourging of youths who were whipped on the altars of the boronian emis in the most cruel

Manner sometimes indeed they expired under the Lash in which case their mothers far from lamenting their fate are said to have rejoiced considering this an honorable death for their sons Seline emis hitherto we have seen Artemis only in the various phases of her terrestrial character but just as her brother Apollo

Drew into himself by degrees the attributes of that more ancient Divinity Helios the sun god so in like manner she came to be identified in later times with Seline the moon goddess in which character she is always represented as wearing on her forehead a glittering Crescent whilst a flowing veil

Bespangled with stars reaches to her feet and a long robe completely envelopes her Diana the the Diana of the Romans was identified with the Greek Artemis with whom she shares that peculiar tripartite character which so strongly marks the individuality of the Greek goddess in heaven she was Luna the

Moon on Earth Diana the huntress goddess and in the lower World Prine but unlike the Ephesian emis Diana in her character as proserpine carries with her into the lower world no element of Love or sympathy she is on the contrary character IED by practices altogether hostile to man such as the

Exercise of Witchcraft evil charms and other antagonistic influences and is in fact the Greek hecy in her later development the statues of Diana were generally erected at a point where three roads met for which reason she is called trivia from Tri three Anda way a temple was dedicated to her on the Aventine

Hill by cus tus who is said to have first introduced The Worship ship of this Divinity into Rome the nelia or Grove festivals were celebrated in her Honor on the 13th of August on the lakis nemorensis or Forest buried lake near Arisha the priest who officiated in her

Temple on this spot was always a fugitive slave who had gained his office by murdering his predecessor and hence was constantly armed in order that he might thus be prepared to encounter a new aspirant heus Vulcan hephestus the son of Zeus and Hera was the god of fire

In its beneficial aspect and the presiding deity over all workmanship accomplished by means of this useful element He was universally honored not only as the God of all mechanical Arts but also as a house and heart Divinity who exercised a beneficial influence on civilized society in general unlike the

Other Greek divinities he was ugly and deformed being awkward in his movements and limping in his gate this latter defect originated as we have already seen in the wrath of his father Zeus who hurled him down from heaven 35 in consequence of his taking the part of Hera in one of the domestic

Disagreements which so frequently arose between this Royal pair hephestus was a whole day falling from Olympus to the Earth where he at length alighted on the island of lnos the inhabitants of the country seeing him descending through the air received him in their arms but in spite

Of of their care his leg was broken by the fall and he remained ever afterwards lame in one foot grateful for the kindness of the LeMans he henceforth took up his Abode in their Island and there built for himself a superb Palace and forges for the pursuit of his

Avocation he instructed the people how to work in medals and also taught them other valuable and useful Arts it is said that the first work of hephestus was a most ingenious Throne of gold with secret Springs which he presented to it was arranged in such a manner that

Once seated she found herself unable to move and though all the gods endeavored to extricate her their efforts were unavailing hephestus thus revenged himself on his mother for the cruelty she had always displayed towards him on account of his want of clinginess and Grace dionis the wine God contrived

However to intoxicate hephestus and then induced him to return to Olympus where after having released the Queen of Heaven from her very undignified position he became reconciled to his parents he now built for himself a glorious Palace on Olympus of shining gold and made for the other deities those magnificent edifices which they

Inhabited he was assisted in his various and exquisitely skillful works of art by two female statues of pure gold formed by his own hand which possessed the power of motion and always accompanied him wherever he went with the assistance of the Cyclops he forged for Zeus his wonderful Thunderbolts thus investing

His mighty father with a new power of terrible import Zeus testified his appreciation of this precious gift by bestowing upon hephestus the beautiful Aphrodite in marriage 36 but this was a questionable Boon for the lovely Aphrodite who was the personification of all grace and beauty felt no affection

For her ungainly and unattractive spouse and amused herself by ridiculing his awkward movements and unsightly person on one occasion especially when hephestus good-naturedly took upon himself the office of cup Bearer to the gods his hbling gate and extreme awkwardness created the greatest mirth amongst the celestials in which his disloyal partner

Was the first to join with unconcealed mert Aphrodite greatly preferred Aries to her husband and this preference naturally gave rise to much Jealousy on the part of hephestus and caused them great unhappiness hephestus appears to have been an IND dispensible member of the Olympic assembly where he plays the part

Of Smith armor Chariot Builder and as already mentioned he constructed the Palaces where the gods resided fashioned the golden shoes with which they trod the air or water built for them their wonderful chariots and shod with brass the horses of celestial breed which conveyed these glittering equipages over

Land and sea he also made the tripods which moved of themselves in and out of the celestial Halls formed for Zeus the far-famed egis and erected the Magnificent Palace of the sun he also created the Brazen footed bowls of eat which breathed Flames from their nostrils sent forth clouds of smoke and

Filled the air with their roaring among his most renowned works of art for the use of Mortals were the armor of Achilles and inas the Beautiful necklace of harmonia and the crown of ariadne but his Masterpiece was Pandora of whom a detailed account has already been given

There was a temp on Mount Etna erected in his honor which none but the pure and virtuous were permitted to enter the entrance to this Temple was guarded by dogs which possessed the extraordinary faculty of being able to discriminate between the righteous and the unrighteous fawning upon and caressing

The good whilst they rushed upon all evildoers and drove them away hephestus is usually represented as a powerful bronny and very muscular man of middle height in mature age his strong uplifted arm is raised in the act of striking the Anvil with a hammer which he holds in

One hand whilst with the other he is turning a thunderbolt which an eagle beside him is waiting to carry to Zeus the principal seat of his worship was the island of lemnos where he was regarded with peculiar veneration Vulcan the Roman Vulcan was merely an importation from Greece which

Never at any time took firm root in Rome nor entered largely into the actual life and sympathies of the nation his worship being unattended by the devotional feeling and enthusiasm which characterized the religious rights of the other deities he still however retained in Rome his Greek attributes as God of Fire

And unrivaled master of the art of working in metals and was ranked among the 12 great gods of Olympus whose gilded statues were arranged consecutively along the Forum his Roman name Vulcan would seem to indicate a connection with the first great metalworking artificer of biblical history tubil can Poseidon

Neptune posidon was the son of Kronos and Ria and the brother of Zeus he was god of the sea more particularly of the Mediterranean and like the element over which he presided was of a variable disposition now violently agitated and now calm and Placid for which reason he

Is sometimes represented by The Poets as quiet and composed and at others as Disturbed and angry in the the earliest ages of Greek mythology he merely symbolized the watery element but in later times as navigation and intercourse with other nations engendered greater traffic by sea posidon gained an importance and came to

Be regarded as a distinct Divinity holding indisputable dominion over the sea and over all sea divinities who acknowledged him as their Sovereign ruler he possessed the power of causing at will Mighty and destructive tempests in which the billows rise mountains High the wind becomes a hurricane Land and

Sea being enveloped in thick Mists whilst destruction assails the unfortunate Mariners exposed to their fury on the other hand his alone was the power of stealing the angry waves of soothing the Troubled Waters and granting safe voyages to Mariners for this reason posidon was always invoked and propitiated by a

Libation before a voyage was undertaken and sacrifices and thanksgivings were great ful offered to him after a safe and prosperous journey by sea the symbol of his power was the fisherman’s fork or Trident 37 by means of which he produced earthquakes raised up Islands from the

Bottom of the Sea and caused Wells to Spring forth out of the Earth posidon was essentially the presiding deity over fishermen and was on that account more particularly woried and revered in countries bordering on the Sea Coast where fish naturally formed a stable commodity of trade he was supposed to

Vent his displeasure by sending disastrous inundations which completely destroyed whole countries and were usually accompanied by terrible Marine monsters who swallowed up and devoured Those whom the floods had spared it is probable that these sea monsters are the poetical figures which represent the Demons of hunger and famine necessarily accompanying a general

Inundation posidon is generally represented as resembling his brother Zeus in features height and general aspect but we miss in the count of the sea god the kindness and benignity which so pleasingly distinguish his mighty brother the eyes are bright and piercing and a contour of the face somewhat

Sharper in its outline than that of Zeus thus corresponding as it were with his more angry and violent nature his hair waves in dark disorderly masses over his shoulders his chest is Broad and his frame powerful and stalwart he wears a short curling beard and a band round his

Head he usually appears standing erect in a graceful shell Chariot drawn by hippoc camps or seahorses with golden Mayes and Brazen hoofs who bound over the dancing waves with such wonderful swiftness that the Chariot scarcely touches the water the monsters of the deep acknowledging their Mighty Lord gamble playfully around him whilst the

Sea joyfully Smooths a path for the passage of its all powerful ruler he inhabited a beautiful palace at the bottom of the sea at eia in yubia and also possessed a royal residence on Mount Olympus which however he only visited when his presence was required at the Council of the Gods his wonderful

Palace beneath the waters was a vast extent in its lofty and capacious Halls thousands of his followers could assemble the exterior of the building was of bright gold which the continual wash of the waters preserved untarnished in the interior lofty and graceful columns supported the gleaming Dome everywhere Fountains of GL

Listening silvery water played everywhere Groves and Arbors of feathery leaved sea plants appeared whilst rocks of pure Crystal glistened with all the varied colors of the rainbow some of the paths were strewn with white sparkling sand interspersed with jewels pearls and Amber this delightful Abode was surrounded on all

Sides by wide Fields where there were whole Groves of dark purple coralin and toughs of beautiful Scarlet Lea plants and C anemones of every tint here grew bright pinky seaweeds mosses of all Hues and shades and tall grasses which growing upwards formed Emerald caves and grotto such as the nades love whilst

Fish of various kinds playfully darted in and out in the full enjoyment of their native element nor was illumination wanting in this fairy-like region which at night was lit up by the glowworms of the deep but although posidon ruled with absolute power over the ocean and its inhabitants he never

Nevertheless bowed submissively to the will of the great ruler of Olympus and appeared at all times desirous of conciliating him we find him coming to his Aid when emergency demanded and frequently rendering him valuable assistance against his opponents at the time when Zeus was harassed by the

Attacks of the Giants he proved himself a most powerful Ally engaging in single combat with a hideous giant named pbes whom he followed Over the Sea and at last succeeded in destroying by hurling upon him the island of C these amicable relations between the brothers were however sometimes

Interrupted thus for instance upon one occasion posidon joined Hera and athe in a secret conspiracy to seize upon the ruler of Heaven Place him in feds and deprive him of The Sovereign power the conspiracy being discovered Hera as the chief instigator of this sacriligious attempt on the Divine person of Zeus was

Severely chastised and and even beaten by her enraged spouse as a punishment for her rebellion and treachery whilst posidon was condemned for the space of a whole year to forgo his dominion over the sea and it was at this time that in conjunction with Apollo he built for lamedon the walls of

Troy posidon married a c nymph named aetr whom he wooed under the form of a dolphin she afterwards became jealous of a beautiful Maiden called Sila who was beloved by posidon and and in order to Revenge herself she threw some herbs into a well where Sila was bathing which

Had the effect of metamorphosing her into a monster of terrible aspect having 12 feet six heads with six long necks and a voice which resembled the bark of a dog this awful monster is said to have inhabited a cave at a very great height in the famous rock which still Bears her

Name 38 and was supposed to swoop down from her Rocky Eminence upon every ship that passed and with each of her six head heads to secure a victim otri is often represented assisting posidon in attaching the seahorses to his Chariot the Cyclops who have been already

Alluded to in the history of cronis were the sons of posidon and otri they were a wild race of gigantic growth similar in their nature to the earthborn Giants and had only one eye each in the middle of their foreheads they led a lawless life possessing neither social manners nor

Fear of the Gods and were the work of hephestus whose Workshop was supposed to be in the heart of the volcanic Mountain Etna here we have another striking instance of the manner in which the Greeks personified the powers of nature which they saw in active operation around them they beheld with awe mingled

With astonishment the fire stones and Ashes which poured forth from the summit of this and other volcanic mountains and with their vivacity of imagination found a solution of the mystery in the supposition that the god of fire must be busy at work with his men in the depths

Of the earth and that the mighty Flames which they beheld issued in this manner from his Subterranean Forge the chief representative of the Cyclops was the man-eating monster polyus described by Homer as having been blinded and outwitted At Last by odyusa fell in love with a beautiful nymph called

Galatia but as may be supposed his addresses were not acceptable to the fair Maiden who rejected them in favor of a youth named ases upon which pemus with his usual barbarity destroyed the life of his rival by throwing upon him a gigantic Rock the blood of the murdered

Asses gushing out of the rock formed a stream which still Bears his name Trion Roda 39 and benesis were also children of posidon and aetr the Sea God was the father of two giant Sons called Odis and feles 40 when only 9 years old they were said to be 27

Cubits 41 in height and nine in breadth these youthful Giants were as rebellious as they were powerful even presuming to threaten the gods themselves with hostilities during the war of the gigantomachia they endeavored to scale Heaven by piling Mighty mountains one upon another already had they succeeded

In placing Mount Assa on Olympus and peon on Assa when this ire project was frustrated by Apollo who destroyed them with his arrows it was supposed that had not their lives been thus cut off before reaching maturity their sacrilegious designs would have been carried into effect pus and nelas were also sons of

Posidon their mother Tyro was attached to the river god and Aus whose form posidon assumed and thus won her love pus became afterwards famous in the story of the Argonauts and nelius was the father of Nester who was distinguished in the Trojan War the Greeks believed that it was to posidon

They were indebted for the existence of the horse which he is said to have produced in the following manner Athen and posidon both claiming the right to name copia the ancient name of Athens a violent dispute arose which was finally settled by an assembly of the Olympian

Gods who decided that whichever of the contending parties presented mankind with the most useful gift should obtain the privilege of naming the city upon this posidon struck the ground with his Trident and the horse sprang forth in all his Untamed strength and graceful Beauty from the spot which Athen touched

With her wand issued the Olive Tree whereupon the gods unanimously awarded to her the victory declaring her gift to be the emblem of peace and plenty whilst that of posidon was thought to be the symbol of war and bloodshed Athen accordingly called the city Athens after herself and it has

Ever since retained this name posidon tamed the horse for the use of mankind and was believed to have taught men the art of managing horses by the bridal the isian games so named because they were held on the ismos of Corinth in which horse and chariot races were a distinguishing feature were instituted

In honor of posidon he was more especially woried in the pelonis though universally revered throughout Greece and in the south of Italy his sacrifices were generally black and white Bulls also wild boes and Rams his usual attributes are the Trident horse and dolphin in some parts of Greece this Divinity was identified

With the sea god nerus for which reason the nades or Daughters of nerus are represented as accompanying him Neptune the Romans worshiped posidon under the name of Neptune and invested him with all the attributes which belong to the Greek Divinity the Roman commanders never undertook any Naval Expedition without propitiating Neptune by a

Sacrifice his Temple at Rome was in the campus Marcus and the f festivals commemorated in his honor were called NEP chinalia see divinities oenus oenus was the son of Uranus and Gia he was the personification of the ever-flowing stream which according to the Primitive Notions of the early

Greeks encircled the world and from which sprang all the rivers and streams that watered the Earth he was married to tus one of the Titans and was the father of a numerous progeny called the oceanides who are said to have been 3,000 in number he alone of all the

Titans refrained from taking part against Zeus in the Titan omia and was on that account the only one of the Primeval divinities permitted to retain his Dominion under the new Dynasty nerius nerus appears to have been the personification of the sea in its calm and Placid moods and was after posiden

The most important of the C deities he is represented as a kind and benevolent old man possessing the gift of Prophecy and presiding more particularly Over the aan Sea of which he was considered to be the protecting Spirit there he dwelt with his wife Doris and their 50

Blooming daughters the nades beneath the waves in a beautiful Grotto Palace and was ever ready to assist distressed Mariners in the hour of danger protus protus more familiarly known as the old man of the sea was a son of posidon and gifted with prophetic power but he had an invincible objection to

Being consulted in his capacity as Seer and those who wished him to foretell events watched for the hour of noon when he was in the habit of coming up to the island of feros 42 with Poseidon’s flock of seals which he tended at the bottom of the sea

Surrounded by these creatures of the deep he used to Slumber Beneath The Grateful shade of the Rocks this was the favorable moment to seize the prophet who in order to avoid importunities would change change himself into an infinite variety of forms but patience gained the day for if he were only held

Long enough he became wearied at last and resuming his true form gave the information desired after which he dived down again to the Bottom of the Sea accompanied by The Animals he tended Triton and the Triton Triton was the only son of posidon and amphet but he possessed little influence being

Altogether a minor Divinity he is usually represented as preceding his father and acting as his Trumpeter using a conch shell for this purpose he lived with his parents in their beautiful Golden Palace Beneath the Sea at eia and his favorite pastime was to ride over the Billows on horses or sea

Monsters Triton is always represented as half man half fish the body below the waist terminating in the tail of a dolphin we frequently find mention of tritons who are either The Offspring or Kindred of Triton Glaucus Glaucus is said to have become a seed ofinity in the following manner while

Angling one day he observed that the fish he caught and threw on the bank at once nibbled at the grass and then leaped back into the water his curiosity was naturally excited and he proceeded to gratify it by taking up a few blades and tasting them no sooner was this done

Then obeying an irresistable impulse he precipitated himself into the deep and became a sea god like most sea divinities he was gifted with prophetic power and each year visited all the islands and coasts with a train of marine monsters for telling all kinds of evil hence fisherman dreaded his

Approach and endeavored by prayer and fasting to avert the misfortunes which he prophesied he is often represented floating on the Billows his body covered with muscles seaweed and shells wearing a full beard and long flowing hair and bitterly bewailing his immortality thetus the silver-footed fair-haired thetus who plays an

Important part in the mythology of Greece was the daughter of nerus or as some assert of posidon her grace and beauty were so remarkable that Zeus and posidon both sought an alliance with her but as it had been foretold that a son of hers would gain Supremacy over his father they relinquished their

Intentions and she became the wife of pus son of eus like Proteus the possessed the power of transforming herself into a variety of different shapes and when woved by pus she exerted this power in order to elude him but knowing that persistence would eventually succeed he held her

Fast until she assumed her true form their nuptials were celebrated with the utmost PP and magnificence and were honored by the presence of all the gods and goddesses with the exception of arys how the goddess of Discord resented her exclusion from the marriage festivities has already been shown thetus ever retained great influence

Over the mighty Lord of Heaven which as we shall see Hereafter she used in favor of her renowned son Achilles in the Trojan War when helion plunged into the sea in despair after the Shipwreck and death of her husband King siks thetus transformed both husband and wife into

The birds called King Fishers hes which with the tender affection which characterized the unfortunate couple always fly in pairs the idea of the Ancients was that these birds brought forth their young in nests which float on the surface of the sea in calm weather before and after the shortest

Day when thetus was said to keep the waters smooth and tranquil for their Especial benefit hence the term housian days which signifies a period of rest and untroubled Felicity Thomas forces and cedo the early Greeks with their extraordinary power of personifying all and every attribute of nature gave a

Distinct personality to those Mighty wonders of the deep which in all ages have afforded matter of speculation to educated and uneducated alike among these personifications we find Thomas forces and their sister cedo who were The Offspring of pontis Thomas whose name signifies wonder typifies that peculiar translucent condition of the surface of

The sea when it reflects mirror-like various images and appears to hold an transparent Embrace The Flaming stars and illuminated cities which are so frequently reflected on its glassy bosom Thomas married the lovely Electra whose name signifies the sparkling light produced by electricity daughter of oenus her amber colored hair was of such

Rare beauty that none of her fair-haired sisters could compare with her and when she wept her tears being too precious to be lost formed drops of shining Amber forces and cedo persona ified more especially the hidden perils and Terrors of the ocean they were the parents of

The gorgens the gria and the dragon which guarded the golden apples of the Hesperides Leia Leia was originally a mortal named Eno daughter of Cadmus King of Thieves she married aamus King Of orinus Who incensed at her unnatural conduct to her stepchildren 43 pursued her and her son

To the seashore when seeing no hope of escap ape she flung herself with her child into the deep they were kindly received by the nades and became sea of enties under the name of Leia and piman the sirens the sirens would appear to have been personifications of those numerous

Rocks and unseen dangers which abound on the S SW coast of Italy they were C NS with the upper part of the body that of a maiden and the lower that of a seabird having wings attached to their shoulders and were owed with such wonderful voices that their sweet songs are said

To have lured Mariners to destruction Aries Mars Aries the son of Zeus and Hera was the God of War who gloried in Strife for its own sake he loved the tumult and Havoc of the battlefield and delighted in Slaughter and extermination in fact he presents no benevolent aspect which could possibly

React favorably upon human life epic poets in particular represent the god of battles as a wild ungovernable Warrior who passes through the armies like a whirlwind hurling to the ground the Brave and cowardly alike destroying chariots and helmets and triumphing over the terrible desolation which he produces in all the myths concerning

Aries his sister Athen ever appears in opposition to him endeavoring by every means in her power to defeat his bloodthirsty designs thus she assists the Divine Hero diamides at the siege of Troy to overcome Aries in battle and so well does he profit by her timely Aid that he

Succeeds in wounding the sanguinary war God who makes his exit from the field roaring like 10,000 Bulls Aries appears to have been an object of aversion to all the gods of Olympus Aphrodite alone accepted as the son of Hera he had inherited from his mother the strongest feelings of Independence and

Contradiction and as he took Delight in upsetting that peaceful course of State life which it was preeminently the care of Zeus to establish he was naturally disliked and even hated by him when wounded by diamides as above related he complains to his father but receives no sympathy from the otherwise kindly and beneficent

Ruler of Olympus who thus angrily addresses himo not trouble me with thy complaints thou who art of all the gods of Olympus most hateful to me for thou Delight Us in not save war and strife the very Spirit of thy mother lives in thee and W thou not my son long ago

Wouldst thou have Lain deeper down in the bowels of the earth than the son of Uranus Aries upon one occasion incurred the anger of posidon by slaying his son haloo who had insulted alpi the daughter of the war God for this deed posidon summoned Aries to appear before the

Tribunal of the Olympic Gods which was held upon a hill in Athens Aries was acquitted and this event is supposed to have given rise to the name areopagus or Hill of Aries which afterwards became so famous as a court of justice in the gigant omia Aries was defeated by the

Eloyi the two giant sons of posidon who put him in Chains and kept him in prison for 13 months Aries is represented as a man of youthful appearance his tall muscular form combines great strength with wonderful agility in his right hand he Bears a sword or a mighty Lance while on the

Left arm he carries his round Shield see next page his demoniacal surroundings are Terror and fear 44 in iio the goddess of the war cry kaidos the demon of the noise of battles and arys contention his twin sister and companion who always precedes his Chariot when he

Rushes to the fight the latter being evidently a simile of The Poets to express the fact that war follows contention arys is represented as a woman of florid complexion with disheveled hair and her whole appearance angry and menacing in one hand she brandishes a paard in a hissing Adder

Whilst in the other she carries a burning torch her dress is torn and disorderly and her hair intertwined with venomous snakes this Divinity was never invoked by Mortals except when they desired her assistance for the accomplishment of evil purposes Mars the Roman Divinity most closely resembling the Greek Aries and

Identified with him was called Mar s mamers and Mars spider or father Mars the earliest Italian tribes who were mostly engaged in the pursuit of husbandry regarded this deity more especially as the god of spring who vanquished the powers of winter and encouraged the peaceful Arts of

Agriculture but with the Romans who were an essentially warlike Nation Mars gradually loses his peaceful character and as God of War attains after Jupiter the highest position among the Olympic gods the Romans looked upon him as their special protector and declared him to have been the father of ramulus and

Remis the founders of their city but although he was especially worshiped in Rome as God of War he still continued to preside over Agriculture and was also the protecting deity who watched over the welfare of the state as The God Who strowed with warlike step to the battlefield he was called GIS from

Greatus a step it being popularly believed by the Romans that he himself marched before them to battle and acted as their invisible protector as the presiding deity over agriculture he was styled sanus whilst in his character as guardian of the state he bore the name of quirinus

45 the priests of Mars were 12 in number and were called salii or the dancers from the fact that sacred dances in full armor formed an important item in their peculiar ceremonial this religious order the members of which were always ch Chen from the noblest families in Rome was

First instituted by Numa pompilus who entrusted to their special charge the anel or sacred Shields it is said that one morning when Numa was imploring the protection of Jupiter for the newly founded city of Rome the god of Heaven as though in answer to his prayer sent down an oblong

Brazen shield and as it fell at the feet of the king a voice was heard announcing that on its preservation depended the future safety and prosperity of Rome in order therefore to lessen the chances of this sacred treasure being abstracted Numa caused 11 more to be made exactly

Like it which were then given into the care of the salii the assistance and protection of the God of War was always solemnly invoked before the departure of a Roman army for the field of battle and any reverses of Fortune were invariably ascribed to his anger which was accordingly propitiated by means of

Extraordinary sin offerings and prayers in Roma field called the campus Marcus was dedicated to Mars it was a large open space in which armies were collected and reviewed General Assemblies of the people held and the young nobility trained to Marshall exercises the most celebrated and magnificent of the numerous temples

Built by the Romans in honor of this deity was the one erected by Augustus in the Forum to commemorate the overthrow of the murderers of Caesar of all existing statues of Mars the most renowned is that in the Villa lud of isai at Rome in which he is represented

As a powerful muscular man in the full Vigor of Youth the attitude is that of thoughtful Repose but the short curly hair dilated nostrils and strongly marked features leave no doubt as to the force and turbulence of his character At His Feet the sculpture has placed the

Little god of love who looks up all undaunted at the mighty war God as though mischievously conscious that this unusually quiet mood is attributable to his influence religious festivals in honor of Mars were generally held in the month of March but he had also a festival on

The Ides of October when chariot races took place after which the right-hand horse of the team which had drawn the Victorious Chariot was sacrificed to him in ancient times human sacrifices more especially prisoners of War were offered to him but at a later period this cruel practice was discontinued the attributes of this

Divinity are the helmet Shield and spear the animals consecrated to him were the wolf horse vulture and woodpecker intimately associated with Mars in his character as God of War was a goddess called Bellona who was evidently the female Divinity of battle with one or other of the Primitive

Nations of Italy most probably the sabines and is usually seen accompanying Mars whose War Chariot she guides balona appears on the battlefield inspired with mad rage cruelty and the love of extermination she is in full armor her hair is disheveled and she Bears a Scourge in one hand and a lance in the

Other a temple was erected to her on the campus marshes before the entrance to this edifice stood a pillar over which a spear was thrown when war was publicly declared Nike Victoria Nike the goddess of victory was the daughter of the Titan Palace and of sticks the presiding nymph of the river

Of that name in the lower World in her statues Nike somewhat resembles a theme but may easily be recognized by her large graceful wings and flowing drapery which is negligently fastened on the right shoulder and only partially conceals her lovely form in her left hand she holds a loft a crown of Laurel

And in the right a palm branch in ancient sculpture Nike is usually represented in connection with colossal statues of Zeus or palis AE in which case she is life ized and stands on a ball held in the open palm of the deity she accompanies sometimes she is represented

Engaged in inscribing the victory of a conqueror on his shield her right foot being slightly raised and placed on a ball a celebrated Temple was erected to this Divinity on the Acropolis at Athens which is still to be seen and is an excellent preservation Victoria under the name of Victoria Nike

Was highly honored by the Romans with whom love of Conquest was an all-absorbing characteristic there were several sanctuaries in Rome dedicated to her the principle of which was on the capital where it was the custom of generals after success had attended their arms to erect statues of the goddess in commemoration of their

Victories the most magnificent of these statues was that raised by Augustus after the battle of actium a festival was celebrated in honor of Nike on the 12th of April Hermes Mercury Hermes was the swift-footed messenger and trusted ambassador of all the gods and conductor of Shades to Hades he

Presided over the rearing and education of the young and encouraged gymnastic exercises and athletic Pursuits for which reason all gymnasiums and wrestling schools throughout Greece were adorned with his statues he is said to have invented the alphabet and to have taught the art of interpreting foreign languages and his

Versatility sagacity and cunning were so extraord ordinary that Zeus invariably chose him as his attendant when disguised as a mortal he journeyed on Earth Hermes was worshiped as God of eloquence most probably from the fact that in his office as Ambassador this faculty was indispensable to the successful issue of the negotiations

With which he was entrusted he was regarded as the God who granted increase and prosperity to flocks and herds and on this account was worshiped with special veneration by herdsmen in ancient times trade was conducted chiefly by means of the exchange of cattle Hermes therefore as God of

Herdsmen came to be regarded as the protector of merchants and as ready wit in adroitness are valuable qualities both in buying and selling he was also looked upon as the patron of artifice and cunning indeed so deeply was this notion rooted in the minds of the Greek

People that he was popularly believed to be also God of Thieves and of all persons who live live by their wits as the patron of Commerce Hermes was naturally supposed to be the promoter of intercourse among nations hence he is essentially the god of Travelers over whose safety he

Presided and he severely punished those who refused assistance to the lost or weary wayfairer he was also guardian of streets and Roads and his statues called hermy which were pillars of stone surmounted by a head of Hermes were placed at Crossroads and frequently in streets and public squares being the God

Of all undertakings in which gain was a feature he was worshiped as The Giver of wealth and good luck and any unexpected stroke of Fortune was attributed to his influence he also presided over the game of dice in which he is said to have been instructed by Apollo Hermes was the son

Of Zeus and Maya the eldest and most beautiful of the Seven plees Daughters of Atlas and was born in a cave of Mount silini in Arcadia as a mere Bab he exhibited an extraordinary faculty for cunning and dissimulation in fact he was a thief from his cradle for not many hours after

His birth we find him creeping stealthily out of the cave in which he was born in order to steal some oxen belonging to his brother Apollo who was at this time feeding the flocks of edmus but he had not proceeded very far on his expedition before he found a

Tortoise which he killed and stretching seven strings across the empty shell invented a liar upon which he at once began to play with exquisite skill when he had sufficiently amused himself with the instrument he placed it in his cradle and then resumed his journey to Pia where the cattle of admetus were

Grazing arriving at sunset at his destination he succeeded in separating 50 oxen from his brother’s herd which he now drove before him taking the precaution to cover his feet with sandals made of Twigs of Myrtle in order to escape detection but the little rogue was not unobserved for the theft had

Been witnessed by an old Shepherd named btis who was tending the flocks of nus king of pilus father of Nester Hermes frightened at being discovered bribed him with the finest cow in the herd not to betray him and battus promised to keep the secret but Hermes astute as he

Was dishonest determined to test the shepherd’s Integrity feigning to go away he assumed the form of admetus and then returning to the spot offered the old man two of his best oxen if he would disclose the author of the theft the ruse succeeded for the avaricious Shepherd unable to resist the tempting

Bait gave the desired information upon which Hermes exerting his divine power changed him into a lump of Touchstone as a punishment for his treachery in avarice Hermes now killed two of The Oxen which he sacrificed to himself and the other gods concealing the remainder in the cave he then carefully

Extinguished the fire and after throwing his twig shoes into the river alfus returned to silini Apollo by means of his allseeing power soon discovered who it was that had robbed him and hastening to silin demanded restitution of his property on his complaining to Maya of her son’s

Conduct she pointed to the innocent babe then lying apparently fast asleep in his cradle whereupon Apollo angrily aroused the pretended sleeper and charged him with the theft but the child stoutly denied all knowledge of it and so cleverly did he play his part that he even inquired in the most naive manner

What sort of animals cows were Apollo threatened to throw him into Tartarus if he would not confess the truth but all to no purpose at last he seized the Babe in his arms and brought him into the presence of his August father who was seated in the council Chamber Of The

Gods Zeus listened to the charge made by Apollo and then sternly desired Hermes to say where he had hidden the cattle the child who was still in swaddling clothes looked up bravely into his father’s face and said now do I look capable of driving away a herd of cattle

I who was only born yesterday and whose feet are much too soft and tender To Tread in rough places until this moment I lay in sweet sleep on my mother’s bosom and have never even crossed the threshold of our dwelling you know well that I am not

Guilty but if you wish I will affirm it by the most solemn old as the child stood before him looking the picture of Innocence Zeus could not refrain from smiling at his cleverness and cunning but being perfectly aware of his guilt he commanded him to conduct Apollo to the cave where he had

Concealed the herd and Hermes seeing that further subterfuge was useless unhesitatingly obeyed but when the Divine Shepherd was about to drive his cattle back into Pia Hermes as though by chance touched the cords of his liar hither to Apollo had heard nothing but the music of his own three- string liar

In the syrings OR Pan’s pipe and as he listened in transed to the delightful strains of this new instrument his longing to possess it became so great that he gladly offered The Oxen in exchange promising at the same time to give Hermes full dominion over flocks

And herds as well as over horses and all the wild animals of the woods and forests the offer was accepted and a Reconciliation being thus affected between the brothers Hermes became henceforth God of herdsmen whilst Apollo devoted himself enthusiastically to the art of Music they now proceeded together to Olympus where Apollo introduced

Hermes as his chosen friend and companion and having made him swear by the sticks that he would never steal his liar or bow nor invade his Sanctuary at Deli he presented him with the caducus or golden wand this wand was surmounted by wings and on presenting it to Hermes

Apollo informed him that it possessed the faculty of uniting in love all beings divided by hate wishing to prove the truth of this assertion Hermes threw it down between two snakes which were fighting whereupon the angry combatants clasped each other in a loving Embrace and curling round the staff remained

Ever After permanently attached to it the wand itself typified power the serpents wisdom and the wings dispatch all qualities character istic of a trustworthy Ambassador the young God was now presented by his father with a wing silver cap picus and also with silver wings for his feet Taria and was forth

With appointed Herald of the Gods and conductor of Shades to Hades which office had hitherto been filled by AIDS as messenger of the Gods we find him employed on All Occasions requiring special skill tact or dispatch thus he conducts Hera aen and Aphrodite to Paris leads Prime to

Achilles to demand the body of Hector binds Prometheus to mount Caucasus secures exan to the eternally revolving wheel destroys Argus the hundred-eyed guardian of IO and and as conductor of Shades Hermes was always invoked by the dying to grant them a safe and Speedy passage across the sticks he also

Possessed the power of bringing back departed spirits to the upper world and was therefore the mediator between the living and the dead The Poets relate many amusing stories of the youthful tricks played by this Mischief loving God upon the other Immortals for instance he had the audacity to extract the Medusa’s head

From The Shield of athe which he playfully attached to the back of hephestus he also stole the girdle of Aphrodite deprived Artemis of her arrows and Aries of his spear but these acts were always performed with such graceful dexterity combined with such perfect good humor that even the gods and

Goddesses he thus provoked were Fain to Pardon him and he became a universal favorite with them all it is said that Hermes was one day flying over Athens when looking down into the city he beheld a number of Maidens returning in solemn procession from the Temple of

Palis AE foremost among them was HSE the beautiful daughter of King seops and Hermes was so struck with her exceeding loveliness that he determined to seek an interview with her he accordingly presented himself at the Royal Palace and begged her sister agos to favor his suit but being of an avaricious Turn of

Mind she refused to do so without the payment of an enormous sum of money it did not take the messenger of the Gods long to obtain the means of fulfilling this condition and he soon returned with a well-filled purse but meanwhile Athen to punish the cupidity of a grow had caused the demon

Of Envy to take possession of her and the consequence was that being being unable to contemplate the happiness of her sister she sat down before the door and resolutely refused to allow Hermes to enter he tried every persuasion and blandishment in his power but she still remained obstinate at last his patience being

Exhausted he changed her into a mass of black stone and the obstacle to his wishes being removed he succeeded in persuading H to become his wife in his statues Hermes is represented as a beardless youth with broad chest and graceful but muscular limbs the face is handsome and intelligent and a genial

Smile of kindly benevolence plays round the delicately chiseled lips as messenger of the Gods he wears the petus and Taria and bears in his hand the caduceus or Herald staff as God of eloquence he is often represented with chains of gold hanging from his lips whilst as the patron of merchants he

Bears a purse in his hand the wonderful excavations in Olympia to which illusion has already been made have brought to light an Exquisite marble group of Hermes and the infant bakus by praxides in this great work of art Hermes is represented as a young and handsome man who is looking down kindly

And affectionately at the child resting on his arm but unfortunately nothing remains of the infant save the right hand which is laid lovingly on the shoulder of his protector the sacrifices to Hermes consisted of incense honey cakes pigs and especially lambs and young goats as God of eloquence the

Tongues of animals were sacrificed to him Mercury Mercury was the Roman God of Commerce and gain we find mention of a temple having been erected to him near the circus Maximus as early as BC 495 and he had also a temple and a sacred Fountain near the Porta capina magic

Powers were ascribed to the latter and on the Festival of mercury which took place on the 25th of May it was the custom for merchants to sprinkle themselves and their merchandise with this holy water in order to ensure large profits from their Wares the falis Roman

Priests whose Duty it was to act as Guardians of the public Faith refused to recognize the identity of mercury with Hermes and ordered him to be represented with a sacred Branch as the emblem of Peace instead of the caducus in later times however he was completely identified with the Greek Hermes dianis

Bakus dianis also called bakus from Baka Barry was the god of wine and the personification of the blessings of nature in general the worship of this Divinity which is supposed to have been introduced into Greece from Asia in all probability from India first took root in thce whence it gradually spread into

Other parts of Greece dianis was the son of Zeus and semile and was snatched by Zeus from the devour ing flames in which his mother perished when he appeared to her in all the Splendor of his Divine Glory the motherless child was entrusted to the charge of Hermes who conveyed him

To semile Sister Eno but Hera still implacable in her Vengeance visited aamus the husband of Eno with Madness and the child’s life being no longer safe he was transferred to the fostering care of the nymphs of Mount Nissa an aged Saturn named silenus the son of pan

Took upon him himself the office of guardian and preceptor to the young God who in his turn became much attached to his kind tutor hence we see silenus always figuring as one of the chief personages in the various Expeditions of the wine God dianis passed an innocent and uneventful childhood roaming through

The woods and forests surrounded by nymphs SS and Shepherds during one of these Rambles he found a fruit growing wild of a most refreshing and cooling nature this was the vine from which he subsequently learned to extract the juice which formed a most exhilarating beverage after his companions had

Partaken freely of it they felt their whole being pervaded by an unwanted sense of pleasurable excitement and gave full vent to their overflowing exuberance by shouting singing and dancing their numbers were soon swelled by a crowd eager to taste a beverage productive of such extraordinary results

And anxious to join in the worship of a Divinity to whom they were were indebted for this new enjoyment dionis on his part seeing how agreeably his Discovery had affected his immediate followers resolved to extend the Boon to Mankind in general he saw that wine used in

Moderation would enable man to enjoy a happier and more sociable existence and that under its invigorating influence the sorrowful might for a while forget their grief and the sick their pain he accordingly gathered around him his zealous followers and they they set forth on their travels planting the vine

And teaching its cultivation wherever they went we now behold dionis at the head of a large army composed of men women fawns and SATs all bearing in their hands the thus a staff entwined with Vine branches surmounted by a fur cone and clashing together symbols and other musical

Instruments seated in a chariot drawn by Panthers and accompanied by thousands of enthusiastic followers dianis made a Triumph ful progress through Syria Egypt Arabia India and conquering all before him founding cities and establishing on every side a more civilized and sociable mode of life among the inhabitants of

The various countries through which he passed when dionisis returned to Greece from his Eastern Expedition he encountered great opposition from lerus King of th and panthus King of Thieves the former highly disapproving of the wild Rebels which attended the the worship of the wine God drove away his

Attendants the nymphs of Nissa from that sacred mountain and so effectually intimidated dianis that he precipitated himself into the sea where he was received into the arms of the ocean nymph fetus but the impious king bitterly expiated his sacrilegious conduct he was punished with the loss of his reason and

During one of his mad paroxysms killed his own son dras whom he mistook for a Vine p King of Thieves seeing his subjects so completely infatuated by the riotous worship of this new Divinity and fearing the demoralizing effects of the unseemly nocturnal orgies held in honor of the

Wine God strictly prohibited his people from taking any part in the wild ban Alan Rebels anxious to save him from the consequences of his impiety dionisis appeared to him under the form of a youth in the kingk train and earnestly warned him to desist from his denunciations but the well- meant

Admonition failed in its purpose for penus only became more incensed at this interference and commanding dionis to be cast into prison caused the most cruel preparations to be made for his immediate execution but the god soon freed himself from his ignoble confinement for scarcely had his jailers departed a the

Prison doors opened of themselves and bursting asunder his iron chains he escaped to rejoin his devoted followers meanwhile the mother of the king and her sisters inspired with ban alian Fury had repaired to mount cin in order to join the worshippers of the wine God in those Dreadful orgies which

Were solemnized exclusively by women and at which no man was allowed to be present enraged at finding his commands thus openly disregarded by the members of his own family panthus resolved to witness for himself the excesses of which he had heard such terrible reports and for this purpose concealed himself

Behind a tree on Mount curin but his hiding place being discovered he was dragged out by the half maddened crew of Banes and horrible to relate he was torn in pieces by his own mother agavi and her two sisters an incident which occurred to dionis on one of his travels

Has been a favorite subject with the classic poets one day as some tanian Pirates approached the shores of Greece they beheld dianis in the form of a beautiful youth attired in radiant garments thinking to secure a prize They seized him bound him and conveyed him on board their vessel resolved to carry him

With them to Asia and their sell him as a slave but the Fetters dropped from his Limbs and the pilate who was the first to perceive the miracle called upon his companions to restore the youth carefully to the spot whence they had taken him assuring them that he was a

God and that adverse winds and storms would in all probability result from their impious conduct but refusing to part with their prisoner they set sail for the Open Sea suddenly to the alarm of all on board the ship Stood Still masts and sails were covered with clustering Vines and

Wreaths of ivy leaves streams of fragrant wine inundated The Vessel and Heavenly strains of Music were heard around the terrified crew too late repentant crowded round the pilot for protection and intreated him to steer for the shore but the hour of Retribution had arrived dianis assumed

The form of a lion whilst beside him appeared a bear which with a terrific Roar rushed upon the captain and tore him in pieces the sailors in an Agony of Terror leaped overboard and were changed into Dolphins the discreet and Pious steersman was alone permitted to escape

The fate of his companions and to him dionis who had resumed his true form addressed words of kind and affectionate encouragement and announced his name and dignity they now set sail and dionisis desired the pilate to land him at the island of naxis where he found the

Lovely aradne daughter of minus king of CIT she had been abandoned by Theus on this lonely spot and when dionisis now beheld her was lying fast asleep on a rock worn out with sorrow and weeping wrapped in admiration the god stood gazing at the beautiful Vision before

Him and when she at length unclosed her eyes he revealed himself to her and in gentle tones sought to banish her grief grateful for his kind sympathy coming as it did at a moment when she had deemed herself Forsaken and friendless she gradually regained her former Serenity and yielding to his entreaties consented

To become his wife dionis having established his Worship in various parts of the world descended to the realm of Shades in search of his ill-fated mother whom he conducted to Olympus where under the name of thy one she was admitted into the Assembly of the immortal gods among the most noted worshippers of

Dionis was Midas 46 the wealthy King of friia the same who as already related gave judgment against Apollo upon one occasion silenus the preceptor and friend of dionis being in an intoxicated condition strayed into the rose gardens of this Monarch where he was found by some of the king’s

Attendants who bound him with roses and conducted him to the presence of their royal master Midas treated the agid sder with the greatest consideration and after entertaining him hospitably for 10 days led him back to dionis who was so grateful for the kind attention shown to

His old friend that he offered to Grant Midas any favor he chose to demand whereupon the avaricious Monarch not content with his boundless wealth and still thirsting for more desired that everything he touched might turn to Gold the request was complied with in so literal a sense that the now wretched

Midas bitterly repented Ed his folly and cupidity for when the pangs of hunger assailed him and he essayed to appease his Cravings the food became gold Air he could swallow it as he raised the cup of wine to his parched lips the sparkling draft was changed into the metal he had

So coveted and when at length wearied and faint he stretched his aching frame on his hitherto luxurious couch this also was transformed into the substance which had now become the curse of his existence the despair King at last implored the God to take back the fatal gift and dionisis pitying his unhappy

Plight desired him to bathe in the river pactus a small stream in Lydia in order to lose the power which had become the bane of his life Midas joyfully obeying the injunction was at once freed from the consequences of his avaricious demand and from this time forth the

Sands of the river pactus have ever contained grains of gold representations of dionis are of two kinds according to the earliest conceptions he appears as a grave and dignified man in the prime of Life his countenance is earnest thoughtful and benevolent he wears a full beard and is draped from

Head to foot in the Garb of an Eastern Monarch but the sculptures of a later period represent him as a youth of singular beauty though of somewhat AFF feminite appearance the expression of the countenance is gentle and winning the limbs are supple and gracefully molded and the hair which is adorned by

A wreath of Vine or ivy leaves Falls over the shoulders in Long curls in one hand he Bears the thus and in the other a drinking cup with two handles these being his distinguishing attributes he is often represented riding on a panther or seated in a chariot drawn by lions tigers panthers or

Lynxes being the god of wine which is calculated to promote sociability he rarely appears alone but is usually accompanied by Banes SATs and Mountain the finest modern representation of aradne is that by Daner at Frankfurt on the Maine in this statue she appears riding on a panther the beautiful

Upturned face inclines slightly over the left shoulder the features are regular and finely cut and a wreath of ivy leaves encircles the well-shaped head with her right hand she gracefully clasps the folds of drapery which fall away negligently from her rounded form whilst the other rests lightly and

Caressingly on the head of the animal dionis was regarded as the patron of the drama and at the state Festival of the dionisia which was celebrated with great pump in the city of Athens dramatic entertainments took place in his honor for which all the renowned Greek dramatists of antiquity composed their

Immortal tragedies and comedies he was also a prophetic Divinity and possessed oracles the principle of which was that on Mount rpy in thce the tiger Lynx Panther dolphin Serpent and ass were sacred to this God his favorite plants were the vine Ivy Laurel and Asphodel his sacrifices consisted of

Goats probably on account of their being destructive to Vineyards bakus or liar the Romans had a Divinity called lebear who presided over vegetation and was on this account identified with the Greek dionisis and worshiped under the name of bakus the Festival of liar called the liberalia

Was celebrated on the 17th of March AIDS Pluto AIDS Hades or Hades was the son of cronis and Ria and the youngest brother of Zeus and posidon he was the ruler of that Subterranean region called arabus which was inhabited by the shades or spirits of the dead and also by those

Dethroned and exiled deities who had been vanquished by Zeus and his allies AIDS the Grim and gloomy monarch of this lower world was the successor of arabus that ancient primeval Divinity after whom these Realms were called the early Greeks regarded AIDS in the light of their greatest Foe and Homer tells us

That he was of all the gods the most detested being in their eyes the Grim robber who stole from them their nearest and dearest and eventually deprived each of them of their share in terrestrial existence his name was so feared that it was never mentioned by Mortals who when

They invoked him struck the Earth with their hand and in sacrificing to him turned away their faces the belief of the people with regard to a future state was in the homeric age a sad and cheerless one it was supposed that when a mortal ceased to exist his Spirit

Tenanted the shadowy outline of the human form it had quitted these Shadows or Shades as they were called were driven by AIDS into his dominions where they passed their time some in brooding over the vicissitudes of Fortune which they had experienced on Earth others in regretting the Lost Pleasures

They had enjoyed in life but all in a condition of semi-consciousness from which the intellect could only be roused to full activity by drinking of the blood of the sacrifices offered to their shades by living friends which for a Time endowed them with their former mental Vigor the

Only being supposed to enjoy any happiness in a future state where the heroes whose acts of Daring and deeds of prowess had during their life reflected Honor on the land of their birth and even these according to Homer pined after their career of Earthly activity he tells us that when odsis visited the

Lower world at the command of Cersei and held communion with the shades of the heroes of the Trojan War Achilles assured him that he would rather be the poorest day laborer on Earth than reign supreme over the realm of Shades the early Greek poets offer but scanty Illusions to

Arabus Homer appears purposely to envelop these Realms in vague and mystery in order probably to heighten the sensation of awe inseparably connected with the lower World in The Odyssey he describes the entrance to arabus as being Beyond the furthermost Edge of oenus in the Far West where dwelt the samarians enveloped in Eternal

Mists and darkness in later times however in consequence of extended intercourse with foreign Nations new ideas became gradually introduced and we find Egyptian theories with regard to a future State Tak root in Greece which become eventually the religious belief of the whole nation it is now that the poets and philosophers and more

Especially the teachers of the eleusinian Mysteries begin to inculcate the doctrine of the future reward and Punishment of good and bad Deeds AIDS who had hitherto been regarded as the dread enemy of mankind who Delights in his Grim office and keeps the shades imprisoned in his dominions after

Withdrawing them from the joys of existence now receives them with hospitality and friendship and Hermes replaces him as conductor of Shades to Hades under this new aspect AIDS usurps the functions of a totally different Divinity called plutus the god of riches and is henceforth regarded as The Giver of wealth to

Mankind in the shape of those precious metals which lie concealed in the bowels of the Earth the later poets mention various entrances to arabus which were for the most part caves and fissures there was one in the of tinam another in thespia and a third the most

Celebrated of all in Italy near the pestiferous lake of eres over which it is said no bird could fly so noxious were its exhalations in the dominions of AIDS there were four Great Rivers three of which had to be crossed by all the shades these three were acaron sorrow

Coitis lamentation and sticks intense Darkness the sacred stream which flowed nine times round these realms the shades were fed over the sticks by the Grim unshaven old Boatman Sharon who however only took those whose bodies had received ferial rights on Earth and who had brought with them his indispensable

Toll which was a small coin or obelis usually placed under the tongue of a dead person for this purpose if these conditions had not been fulfilled the unhappy Shades were left behind to wander up and down the banks for a hundred years as Restless spirits on the

Opposite Bank of the stick was the tribunal of minus the Supreme judge before whom all shades had to appear and who after hearing full confession of their actions whilst on Earth pronounced the sentence of happiness or misery to which their deeds had entitled them this tribunal was guarded by the terrible

Triple-headed dog Cerberus who with his three necks bristling with snakes lay at full length on the ground a formidable Sentinel who permitted all shades to enter but none to return the happy Spirits destined to enjoy the Delights of alium passed out on the right and proceeded to the Golden Palace where

AIDS and pany held their Royal Court from whom they received a kindly greeting a they set out for the alian fields which lay Beyond 47 this Blissful region was replete with all that could charm the senses or please the imagination the air was bommy and fragrant Rippling Brooks flowed

Peacefully Through The Smiling Meadows which glowed with the varied Hues of a thousand and flowers whilst The Groves resounded with the joyous songs of birds the occupations and Amusements of the happy Shades were of the same nature as those which they had delighted in whilst on Earth here the warrior found his

Horses chariots and arms the musician his liar and the hunter his quiver and bow in a secluded veil of alium there flowed a gentle silent stream called Lethy Oblivion whose Waters had the effect of dispelling care and producing utter forgetfulness of former events according to the Pythagorean doctrine of

The transmigration of souls it was supposed that after the shades had inhabited alium for a thousand years they were destined to animate other bodies on Earth and before leaving alium they drank of the river leafy in order that they might enter upon their new career without any remembrance of the

Past the guilty Souls after leaving the presents of minus were conducted to the great judgment Hall of Hades whose massive walls of solid adamant were surrounded by the river Fon the waves of which rolled flames of fire and lit up with their lurd glare these awful Realms in the interior sat The Dread

Judge radamanthys who declared to each comr the precise torments which awaited him in Tartarus The Wretched Sinners were then seized by the furies who scourged them with their whips and dragged them along to the Great Gate which closed the opening to Tartarus into whose awful depths they were hurled to suffer

Endless torture Tartarus was a vast and gloomy expanse as far below Hades as the Earth is distant from the skies there the Titans fallen from their High estate dragged out a dreary and monotonous existence there also were ois and apeles those giant sons of posidon who with impious hands had attempted to scale

Olympus and Dethrone its Mighty ruler principle among the sufferers in this Abode of Gloom were tikus Tantalus Copus exan and the dades tius one of the earthborn Giants had insulted Hera on her way to pyo for which offense Seuss flung him into Tartarus where he suffered Dreadful torture inflicted by two vultures which

Perpetually gnawed his liver celus was a wise and Wealthy king of Lydia with whom the gods themselves condescended to associate he was even permitted to sit at table with Zeus who delighted in his conversation and listened with interest to the wisdom of his observations Tantalus however elated at these distinguished marks of divine

Favor presumed upon his position and used Unbecoming language to Zeus himself he also stole nectar and Ambrosia from the table of the Gods with which he regaled his friends but his greatest crime consisted in killing his own son pelops and serving him up at one of the

Banquets to the Gods in order to test their omniscience for these heinous offenses he was condemned by Zeus to eternal punishment in Tartarus where tortured with an Ever burning thirst he was plunged up to the chin in water which as he stooped to drink always receded from his parched lips tall trees with

Spreading branches Laden with delicious fruits hung temptingly over his head but no sooner did he raise himself to grasp them than a wind arose and carried them Beyond his reach Copus was a great Tyrant who According to some accounts barbarously murdered all travelers who came into his dominions by hurling upon

Them enormous pieces of rock in punishment for his crimes he was condemned to roll incessant a huge block of stone up a steep hill which as soon as it reached the summit always rolled back again to the Plaine below ex was a king of thess to whom Zeus accorded the

Privilege of joining the festive Banquets of the Gods but taking advantage of his exalted position he presumed to Aspire to the favor of Hera which so greatly incensed Zeus that he struck him with his Thunderbolts and commanded Hermes to throw him into Tartarus and bind him to an Ever

Revolving wheel the dades were the 50 Daughters of danus king of Argos who had married their 50 cousins the sons of egyptus by the command of their father who had been warned by an oracle that his son-in-law would cause his death they all killed their husbands in one

Night hyper mestra alone accepted their punishment in the lower world was to fill with water a vessel full of H a never- ending and useless task AIDS is usually represented as a man of mature years and Stern majestic mean bearing a striking resemblance to his brother Zeus but the gloomy and inexorable expression

Of the face contrasts forcibly with that peculiar benignity which so characterizes the countenance of the mighty ruler of Heaven he is Seated on a throne of ebony with his Queen the grave and sad prapan beside him and wears a full beard and long flowing black hair which hangs straight down over his

Forehead in his hand he either Bears a two-pronged fork or the keys of the lower world and At His Feet sits Cerberus he is sometimes seen in a chariot of gold drawn by four black horses and wearing on his head a helmet made for him by the Cyclops which rendered the wearer

Invisible this helmet he frequently lent to Mortals and Immortals AIDS who was universally worshiped throughout Greece had temples erected to his honor in Ellis Olympia and also at Athens his sacrifices which took place at night consisted of black sheep and the blood instead of being sprinkled on the altars or received in

Vessels as at other sacrifices was permitted to run down into a trench dug for this purpose the officiating priests wore black robes and were crowned with Cyprus The Narcissist Maiden hair and Cyprus were sacred to this Divinity Pluto before the introduction into Rome of the religion and literature of Greece

The Romans had no belief in a realm of future happiness or misery corresponding to the Greek Hades hence they had no God of the lower World identical with AIDS they supposed that there was in the center of the earth a vast gloomy and impenetrably dark cavity called orcus

Which formed a place of Eternal rest for the dead but with the introduction of Greek mythology the Roman orcus became the Greek Hades and all the Greek Notions with regard to a future State now obtained with the Romans who worshiped AIDS under the name of Pluto his other Appalachians being dis from

Dives rich and orcus from the dominions over which he ruled in Rome there were no temples erected to this Divinity plutus plutus the son of demer and Immortal called aasian was the god of wealth and is represented as being lame when he makes his appearance and winged when he takes his departure

He was supposed to be both blind and foolish because he bestows his gifts without discrimination and frequently upon the most unworthy objects plutus was believed to have his Abode in the bowels of the earth which was probably the reason why in later times AIDS became confounded with this Divinity minor divinities the

Harpies the harpies who like the furies were employed by the gods as instruments for the punishment of the guilty were three female divinities Daughters of thas and Electra called aelo oit and seleno they were represented with the head of a fair-haired maiden and the body of a vulture and were perpetually

Devoured by the pangs of insatiable hunger which caused them to torment their victims by robbing them of their food this they either devoured with great gluttony or defiled in such a manner as to render it unfit to be eaten their wonderfully rapid flight far surpassed that of birds or even of the

Winds themselves elves if any mortal suddenly and unaccountably disappeared the harpies were believed to have carried him off thus they were supposed to have borne away the daughters of King panderos to act as servants to the ires the harpies would appear to be personifications of sudden tempests which with ruthless violence sweep over

Whole districts carrying off or injuring all before them Ires humanties Fury di the ires or Furies were were female divinities who personified the torturing pangs of an evil conscience and the remorse which inevitably follows wrongdoing their names were electo majira and tiphany and their origin was variously accounted for according to

Hessi they sprang from the blood of Uranus when wounded by cronis and were hence supposed to be the embodiment of all the terrible imprecations which the defeated deity called down upon the head of his rebellious son according to other accounts they were the Daughters of Knight their place of Abode was the

Lower world where they were employed by AIDS and pany to chastise and torment those Shades who during their Earthly career had committed crimes and had not been reconciled to the gods before descending to Hades but their sphere of action was not confined to the realm of shades for they appeared upon Earth as

The avenging deities who relentlessly pursued and punished murderers perjurers those who had failed in duty to their parents in in Hospitality to strangers or in the respect due to old age nothing escaped the piercing glance of these terrible divinities from whom flight was unavailing for no corner of the Earth

Was so remote as to be beyond their reach nor did any mortal dare to offer to their victims an asylum from their persecutions the furies are frequently represented with wings their bodies are black blood drips from their eyes and snakes twine in their hair in their hands they bear either a dagger Scourge

Torch or serpent when they pursued orestes they constantly held up a mirror to his horrified gaze in which he beheld the face of his murdered mother these divinities were also called humanties which signifies the well-meaning or Soo goddesses this appalation was given to them because they were so feared and

Dreaded that people dared not call them by their proper title and hoped by this means to propitiate their wrath in later times the furies came to be regarded as salutary agencies who by severely punishing sin upheld the cause of morality and social order and thus contributed to the welfare of

Mankind they now lose their a inspiring aspect and are represented more especially in Athens as Earnest maidens dressed like Artemis in short tunics suitable for the chase but still retaining in their hands the wand of office in the form of a snake their sacrifices can consisted of black sheep

And a libation composed of a mixture of honey and water called nephalia a celebrated Temple was erected to the humanities at Athens near the areopagus m o r or Fates Pary the Ancients believed that the duration of human existence and the Destinies of Mortals were regulated by three sister

Goddesses called clo lausus and atropus who were the daughters of Zeus and themus the power which they wielded over the fate of man was significantly indicated under the figure of a thread which they spun out for the life of each human being from his birth to the Grave this occupation they divided between

Them clo wounded the flax round the distaff ready for her sister lausus who span out the threat of Life which atropus with her scissors relentlessly snapped aunder when the career of an individual was about to terminate Homer speaks of one Moira only the daughter of Knight who represents the moral Force by

By which the universe is governed and to whom both Mortals and Immortals were forced to submit Zeus himself being powerless to avert her decrees but in later times this conception of one inexorable all conquering fate became Amplified by The Poets into that above described and the mui are henceforth the special presiding

Deities over the life and death of Mortals The mui are represented by The Poets as Stern inexorable female divinities aged hideous and also lame which is evidently meant to indicate the slow and halting March Of Destiny which they controlled painters and sculptors on the other hand depicted them as

Beautiful maidens of a grave but kindly aspect there is a Charming representation of lausus which depicts her in all the grace of Youth and Beauty she is sitting spinning and at her feet lie two masks one comic the other tragic as though to convey the idea that to a

Divinity of Fate the brightest and saddest scenes of Earth existence are alike indifferent and that she quietly and steadily pursues her occupation regardless of human wheel or woe when represented at the feet of AIDS in the lower World they are clad in dark robes but when they appear in Olympus they

Wear bright garments bespangled with stars and are seated on radiant Thrones with crowns on their heads it was considered the function of the mui to indicate to the furies the precise torture which the wicked should undergo for their crimes they were regarded as prophetic divinities and had sanctuaries

In many parts of Greece the mui are mentioned as assisting the charites to conduct pranie to the upper world at her periodical reunion with her mother demer they also appear in company with ithia goddess of birth Nemesis Nemesis the daughter of nxs represents that power which adjusts the

Balance of human Affairs by awarding to each individual the Fate which his actions deserve she rewards humble unacknowledged Merit punishes crime deprives the worthless of undeserved Good Fortune humiliates the proud and overbearing and visits all evil on the wrongdoer thus maintaining that proper balance of things which the Greeks

Recognized as a necessary condition of all civilized life but though Nemesis in her original character was the distributor of rewards as well as punishments the world was so full of sin that she found but little occupation in her first capacity and hence became finally regarded as the avenging goddess

Only we have seen a striking instance of the manner in which this Divinity punishes the proud and arrogant in the history of naobi Apollo and Artemis were merely the instruments for avenging the insult offered to their mother but it was Nemesis who prompted the deed and presided over its

Execution Homer makes no mention of Nemesis it is therefore evident that she was a conception of later times when higher views of morality had obtained among the Greek Nation Nemesis is represented as a beautiful woman of thoughtful and benign aspect in Regal bearing a diadem crowns her Majestic

Brow and she bears in her hand a Rudder balance and Cubit fitting emblems of the manner in which she guides weighs and measures all human events she is also sometimes seen with a wheel to symbolize the rapidity with which she executes justice as the the Avenger of evil she

Appears winged bearing in her hand either a Scourge or a sword and seated in a chariot drawn by Griffins Nemesis is frequently called adrastia and also Rua from Ramis in ateka the chief seat of her worship which contained a celebrated statue of the Goddess Nemesis was worshiped by the

Romans who invoked her on the capital as a Divinity who possessed the power of averting the pernicious consequences of Envy Knight and her children death sleep and dreams NYX Knox Nix the daughter of chaos being the personification of KN was according to the poetic ideas of the Greeks

Considered to be the mother of everything mysterious and inexplicable such as death sleep dreams and she became United to arabus and their children were ether and hemr air and daylight evidently a simile of The Poets to indicate that Darkness always precedes light Nicks inhabited a palace

In the dark regions of the lower world and is represented as a beautiful woman seated in a chariot drawn by two black horses she is clothed in dark robes wears a long Veil and is accompanied by the Stars which follow in her train thanas Moors and hypnus

Sness thanas death and his twin brother hpis sleep were the children of Nicks their dwelling was in the realm of Shades and when they appear among Mortals thanas is feared and hated as the enemy of mankind whose hard heart knows no pity whilst his brother hypnus is universally loved and welcomed as

Their kindest and most beneficent friend but though the Ancients regarded thanas as a gloomy and mournful Divinity they did not represent him with any exterior repulsiveness on the contrary he appears as a beautiful youth who holds in his hand an inverted torch and emblematical of the light of life being extinguished

Whilst his disengaged arm is thrown lovingly round the shoulder of his brother hypnos hypnus is sometimes depicted standing erect with closed eyes at others he is in a recumbent position beside his brother Thanatos and usually Bears a poppy stock in his hand a most interesting description of the Abode of

Hypnus is given by Avid in his Metamorphoses he tells us how the god of sleep dwelt in a mountain cave near the realm of the samarians which the Sun never pierced with his Rays no sound Disturbed the Stillness no song of birds not a branch moved and no human voice

Broke the profound silence which rained everywhere from the lowermost rocks of the cave issued the river Lethy and one might almost have supposed that its course was arrested were it not for the low monotonous hum of the water which invited Slumber the entrance was partially hidden by numberless white and

Red poppies which mother Knight had gathered and planted Ed there and from the juice of which she extracts drowsiness which she scatters in liquid drops all over the Earth as soon as the Sun God has sunk to rest in the center of the cave stands a couch of blackest

Ebony with a bed of down over which is laid a coverlet of sable Hue here the God himself reposes surrounded by innumerable forms these are idle dreams more numerous than the Sands of the sea Chief among them is Morpheus that changeful God who may assume any shape or form he

Pleases nor can the god of sleep resist his own power for though he may Rouse himself for a while he soon succumbs to The Drowsy influences which surround him Morpheus Morpheus the son of hypnus was the god of Dreams he is always represented winged and appears sometimes as a youth

Sometimes as an old man in his hand he Bears a cluster of poppies and as he steps STS with noisess footsteps over the Earth he gently scatters the seeds of this sleep producing plant over the eyes of weary Mortals Homer describes the house of dreams as having two gates

One whence issue all deceptive and flattering Visions being formed of ivory the other through which proceed those dreams which are fulfilled of horn the gorgens the gorgens steno UI and Medusa were the three daughters of forces and cedo and were the personification of those Ben numbing and as it were

Petrifying Sensations which result from Sudden and extreme fear they were frightful winged monsters whose bodies were covered with scales hissing wriggling snakes clustered around their heads instead of hair their hands were of brass their teeth resembled the tusks of a wild boar and their whole aspect

Was so appalling that they are said to have turned into stone all who beheld them these terrible sisters were supposed to dwell in that remote and mysterious region in the Far West Beyond The Sacred stream of oenus the gorgens were the Servants of AIDS who made use of them to terrify and

Overa those Shades doomed to be kept in a constant state of unrest as a punishment for their misdeeds whilst the furies on their part scourged them with their whips and tortured them incessantly the most celebrated of the three sisters was Medusa who alone was Mortal she was originally a

Golden-haired and very beautiful Maiden Who as a priestess of Athen was devoted to a life of celibacy but being woed by posidon whom she loved in return she forgot her vows and became United to him in marriage for this offense she was punished by the goddess in a most terrible manner each

Wavy lock of the beautiful hair which had so Charmed her husband was changed into a venomous snake her once Gentle Love inspiring eyes now became bloodshot Furious orbs which excited fear and disgust in the mind of the beholder whilst her former rosate Hue and milk white skin assumed a loome greenish

Tinge seeing herself thus transformed into so repulsive an object Medusa fled from her home never to return wondering about abored dreaded and shunned by all the world she now developed into a character worthy of her outward appearance in her despair she fled to Africa where as she passed restlessly

From place to place infant snakes dropped from her hair and thus according to the belief of the Ancients that country became the hot bed of these venomous reptiles with the curse of ath upon her she turned into stone whomsoever she gazed upon till at last after a life of

Nameless misery Deliverance came to her in the shape of death at the hands of Perseus It is Well to observe that when the Gorgons are spoken of in the singular it is Medusa who is alluded to Medusa was the mother of Pegasus and cryor father of the three-headed Wing

Giant girian who was slain by Heracles G the grii who acted as servants to their sisters the gorgens were also three in number their names were Pao Ino and Dino in their original conception they were merely personifications of kindly and venerable old age possessing all its benevolent attributes without its natural

Infirmities they were old and gray from their birth and so they ever remember named in later times however they came to be regarded as misshapen females decrepit and hideously ugly having only one eye one tooth and one gray wig between them which they lent to each

Other when one of them wished to appear before the world when Perseus entered upon his expedition to slay the Medusa he repaired to the Abode of the grii in the Far West to inquire the way to the gorgens and on their refusing to give any information he deprived them of

Their one eye eye tooth and wig and did not restore them until he received the necessary directions Sphinx the Sphinx was an ancient Egyptian Divinity who personified wisdom and the fertility of nature she is represented as a lion couchant with the head and bust of a woman and wears a

Peculiar sort of hood which completely envelopes her head and falls down on either side of the face transplanted into Greece this Sublime and mysterious Egyptian deity degenerates into an insignificant and yet malignant power and though she also deals in Mysteries they are as we shall see of a totally different character and altogether

Inimical to human life the Sphinx is represented according to Greek genealogy as The Offspring of Typhon nikida 48 Hera being upon one occasion displeased with the thebans sent them this awful monster as a punishment for their offenses taking her seat on a rocky Eminence near the city of Thieves

Commanding a pass which the thians were compelled to Traverse in their usual way of business she propounded to all comers a riddle and if they failed to solve it she tore them in pieces during the reign of King cron so many people had fallen a sacrific to this monster that he

Determined to use every effort to rid the country of so terrible a Scourge on Consulting the Oracle of Deli he was informed that the only way to destroy the Sphinx was to solve one of her riddles when she would immediately precipitate herself from The Rock on which she was seated cron accordingly

Made a public declaration to the effect that whoever could give the true interpretation of a riddle propounded by the monster should obtain the crown and the Hand of his sister joast edius offered himself as a candidate and proceeding to the spot where she kept guard received from her

The following riddle for solution what creature goes in the morning on four legs at noon on 2 and in the evening on 3 edius replied that it must be man who during his infancy creeps on all fours in his prime walks erect on two legs and when old age has enfeebled his powers

Calls a staff to his assistance and thus has as it were three legs the Sphinx no sooner heard this reply which was the correct solution of her riddle than she flung herself over the precipice and perished in the abyss below the Greek Sphinx may be recognized by having wings

And by being of smaller Dimensions than the Egyptian Sphinx Ty Fortuna and anank necessitas Ty Fortuna taii personified that peculiar combination of circumstances which we call luck or fortune and was considered to be the source of all unexpected events in human life whether good or evil if a person

Succeeded in all he undertook without possessing any special Merit of his own taii was supposed to have smiled on his birth if on the other hand undeserved ill luck followed him through life and all his efforts resulted in Failure it was ascribed to her adverse influence this goddess of Fortune is variously

Represented sometimes she is depicted bearing in her hand two rudds with one of which she steers the bark of the fortunate and with the other that of the unfortunate among Mortals in later times she appears blindfolded and stands on a ball or wheel indicative of the fickleness and ever revolving changes of

Fortune she frequently Bears the scepter and cornicopia 49 or Horn of Plenty and is usually winged in her Temple at thieves she is represented holding the infant plutus in her arms to symbolize her power over riches and prosperity taii was woried in various parts of Greece but more particularly by

The Athenians who believed in her special predilection for their City Fortuna taii was woried in Rome under the name of fortuna and held a position of of much greater importance among the Romans than the Greeks in later times Fortuna is never represented either winged or standing on a ball she merely Bears the

Cornicopia it is evident therefore that she had come to be regarded as the goddess of good luck only who brings blessings to man and not as with the Greeks as the personification of the fluctuations of Fortune in addition to Fortuna the Romans worshiped Felicitas as The Giver of positive Good Fortune aneni

Necessitas as aneni taii assumes quite another character and becomes the embodiment of those immutable laws of nature by which certain causes produce certain inevitable results in a statue of this Divinity at Athens she was represented with hands of bronze and surrounded with nails and hammers the hands of bronze probably indicated the

Irresistible power of the inevitable and the hammer and chains the feathers which she forged for man aneni was worshiped in Rome under the name of necessitas K in addition to the mui who presided over the life of Mortals there was another Divinity called ker appointed for each human being at the

Moment of his birth the ker belonging to an individual was believed to develop with his growth either for good or evil and when the ultimate fate of a mortal was about to be decided his C was weighed in the balance and according to the preponderance of its worth or worthless

Life or death was awarded to the human being in question it becomes evident therefore that according to the belief of the early Greeks each individual had it in his power to a certain extent to shorten or prolong his own existence the CES who are frequently mentioned by Homer were the goddesses

Who delighted in the slaughter of the battlefield 8 8 the daughter of Zeus and arys was a Divinity who delighted in evil having instigated Herod to deprive Heracles of his Birthright her father seized her by the hair of her head and hurled her from Olympus forbidding her under the most solemn implications ever

To return henceforth she wandered among mankind sowing dissension working mischief and luring men to all actions inimical to their welfare and happiness hence when a Reconciliation took place between friends who had quarreled eight was blamed as the original cause of disagreement m momus the son of ncks was the god of

[ __ ] and ridicule who delighted to criticize with bitter sarcasm the actions of Gods and Men and contrived to discover in all things some defect or blemish thus when Prometheus created the first man momus considered his work incomplete because there was no aperture in the breast through which his inmost

Thoughts might be read he also found fault with a house built by a theme because being unprovided with the means of locomotion it could never be removed from an unhealthy locality Aphrodite alone defied his criticism for to his great Chagrin he could find no fault with her perfect

Form 50 in what Manner the Ancients represented this God is unknown in modern art he is depicted like a king’s Jester with a fool’s cap and bells Aeros Cupid Amore and psyche according to hess’s theogony Aeros the Divine Spirit of Love sprang forth from chaos while all was still in

Confusion and by his beneficent power reduced to order and Harmony the shapeless conflicting Elements which under his influence began to assume distinct forms this ancient Aeros is represented as a full grown and very beautiful youth crowned with flowers and leaning on a shepherd’s Crook in the course of time this beautiful conception gradually

Faded away and though occasional mention still continues to be made of the arrows of Chaos us he is replaced by the son of Aphrodite the popular Mischief loving little god of love so familiar to us all in one of the myths concerning Aeros Aphrodite is described as complaining to

Themis that her son though so beautiful did not appear to increase in stature whereupon themus suggested that his small proportions were probably attributable to the fact of his being always alone and advised his mother to let him have a companion Aphrodite accordingly gave him as a playfellow his younger brother anas

Requited love and soon had the gratification of seeing the little Aeros begin to grow and Thrive but curious to relate this desirable result only continued as long as the brothers remained together for the moment they were separated AOS shrank once more to his original size by degrees the

Conception of AOS became multiplied and we hear of little love gods Amores who appear under the most charming and diversified form forms these love gods who afforded to artists inexhaustible subjects for the exercise of their imagination are represented as being engaged in various occupations such as Hunting Fishing rowing driving

Chariots and even busying themselves in mechanical labor perhaps no myth is more charming and interesting than that of Aeros and psyche which is as follows psyche the youngest of three princesses was so transcendently beautiful that aphrodite herself became became jealous of her and no mortal dared to Aspire to

The honor of her hand as her sisters who were by no means equal to her in attractions were married and psyche still remained unwed her father consulted the Oracle of deli and in obedience to the Divine response caused her to be dressed as though for the

Grave and conducted to the edge of a yawning precipice no sooner was she alone than she felt herself lifted up and wafted Away by The Gentle West wind zepherus who transported her to a verdant Meadow in the midst of which stood a stately Palace surrounded by Groves and

Fountains here dwelt AOS the god of love in whose arms zepherus deposited his lovely burden Aeros himself unseen woed her in the softest accents of affection but warned her as she valued his love not to Endeavor to behold his form for some time psyche was obedient to the

Injunction of her Immortal spouse and made no effort to gratify her Natural Curiosity but unfortunately in the midst of her happiness she was seized with an unconquerable longing for the Society of her sisters and in accordance with her desire they were conducted by zephrus to her fairy-like Abode filled with Envy at

The sight of her Felicity they poisoned her mind against her husband and telling her that her unseen lover was a frightful monster they gave her a sharp dagger which they persuaded her to use for the purpose of delivering herself from his power after the departure of her sisters psyche resolved to take the

First opportunity of following their malicious councel she accordingly Rose in the dead of night and taking a lamp in one hand and a dagger in the other stealthily approached the couch where AOS was reposing when instead of the frightful monster she had expected to see the beautious form of the god of

Love greeted her view overcome with surprise and admiration psyche stooped down to gaze more closely on his lovely features when from the lamp which she held in her trembling hand there fell a drop of burning oil upon the shoulder of the sleeping God who instantly awoke and

Seeing psyche standing over him with the instrument of death in her hand sorrowfully reproached her for her treacherous designs and spreading out his wings flew away in despair at having lost her lover the unhappy psyche endeavored to put an end to her existence by throwing herself into the

Nearest river but but instead of closing over her the waters bore her gently to the opposite Bank where Pan the god of shepherds received her and consoled her with the hope of becoming eventually reconciled to her husband meanwhile her Wicked sisters in expectation of meeting with the same Good Fortune which had

Befallen psyche placed themselves on the edge of the rock but were both precipitated into the chasm below psyche herself filled with a Restless yearning for her lost love wandered all over the world in search of him at length she appealed to Aphrodite to take compassion on her but the goddess of beauty still

Jealous of her charms imposed upon her the hardest tasks the accomplishment of which often appeared impossible in these she was always assisted by invisible beneficent beings sent to her by AOS who still loved her and continued to watch over her welfare psyche had to undergo a long and

Severe Penance before she became worthy to regain the happiness which she had so foolishly trifled away at last Aphrodite commanded her to descend into the underworld and obtain from prph a box containing all the charms of beauty psyche’s courage now failed her for she concluded that death must of necessity

Preced her entrance into the realm of Shades about to abandon herself to despair she heard a voice which warned her of every danger to be avoided on her perilous journey and instructed her with regard to certain precautions to be observed these were as follows not to Omit to

Provide herself with the fairman’s toll for Sharon and the cake to pacify Cerberus also to refrain from taking any part in the Banquets of AIDS and pranie and above all things to bring the box of beauty charms unopen to Aphrodite in conclusion The Voice assured her that compliance with the

Above conditions would ensure for her a safe return to the Realms of light but alas psyche who had implicitly followed all injunction could not withstand the temptation of the last condition and hardly had she quitted the lower world when unable to resist the Curiosity which devoured her

She raised the lid of the box with eager expectation but instead of the wondrous charms of beauty which she expected to behold there issued from the casket a dense black vapor which had the effect of throwing her into a deathlike sleep out of which Aros who had long hovered around her

Unseen at length awoke her with the point of one of his golden arrows he gently reproached her with this second proof of her curiosity and Folly and then having persuaded Aphrodite to be reconciled to his beloved he induced Zeus to admit her Among The Immortal Gods their reunion

Was celebrated amidst the rejoicings of all the Olympian deities The Graces shed perfume on their path the hour sprinkled roses over the sky Apollo added the music of his liar and the muses United their voices in a glad chorus of delight this myth would appear to be an allegory which signifies

That the soul before it can be reunited to its original Divine Essence must be purified by the chastening sorrows and sufferings of its Earthly career 51 AOS is represented as a lovely boy with rounded Limbs and a merry rogish expression he has golden wings and a quiver slung over his shoulder which

Contained his magical and uniring arrows in one hand he Bears his golden bow and in the other a torch he is also frequently depicted riding on a lion dolphin or eagle or seated in a chariot drawn by Stags or wild bores undoubtedly emblematical of the power of love as the

Subduer of all nature even of the wild animals in Rome Aeros was worshiped under the name of Amore or Cupid Hyman Hyman or Honus the son of Apollo in the Muse urania was the god who presided over marriage and nuptial solemnities and was hence invoked at all marriage

Festivities there is a myth concerning this Divinity which tells us that Hyman was a beautiful youth of very poor parents who fell in love with a wealthy Maiden so far above him in rank that he dared not cherish the hope of ever becoming United to her still he missed

No opportunity of seeing her and upon one occasion disguised himself as a girl and joined a troop of Maidens who in company with his beloved were proceeding from Athens to alus in order to attend a festival of demer on their way thither they were surprised by Pirates who

Carried them off to a desert island where the Ruffians after drinking deeply fell into a heavy sleep Hyman seizing the opportunity slew them all and then set sail for Athens where he found the parents of the maidens in the greatest distress at their unaccountable disappearance he comforted them with the

Assurance that their children should be restored to them provided they would promised to give him in marriage the maiden he loved the condition being gladly complied with he at once returned to the island and brought back the maidens in safety to Athens whereupon he became United to the object of his love

And their Union proved so remarkably happy that henceforth the name of Hyman became synonymous with conjugal Felicity Iris the rainbow Iris the daughter of Thomas and Electra personified the rainbow and was the special attendant and messenger of the Queen of Heaven whose commands she executed with singular tact intelligence and

Swiftness most primitive Nations have regarded the rainbow as a bridge of communication between Heaven and Earth and this is doubtless the reason why Iris who represented that beautiful phenomenon of nature should have been invested by the Greeks with the office of communicating between Gods and Men iris is usually represented seated

Behind the Chariot of Hera ready to do the bidding of her royal mistress she appears under the form of a Slender maiden of great Beauty robed in an Airy fabric of variegated Hues resembling mother of pearl her sandals are bright as burnished silver she has golden wings

And wherever she appears a Radiance of light and a sweet odor as of delicate spring flowers pervades the air heie Juventus heie was the personification of Eternal youth under its most attractive and joyous aspect she was the daughter of Zeus and Hera and though of such distinguished rank is nevertheless

Represented as cup Bearer to the gods a forceable exemplification of the old patriarchal custom in accordance with which the daughters of the house even when of the highest lineage personally assisted in serving the guests heie is represented as a comely modest Maiden small of a beautifully rounded Contour

With nut brown Tresses and sparkling eyes she is often depicted pouring out NE from an upraised vessel or bearing in her hand a shallow dish supposed to contain Ambrosia the ever youth renewing food of the Immortals in consequence of an act of awkwardness which caused her to slip

While serving the gods heie was deprived of her office which was henceforth delegated to ganimedes son of TR HEI afterwards became the Bride of Heracles when after his apotheosis he was received Among The Immortals Juventus Juventus was the Roman Divinity identified with hebi whose attributes however were regarded by the Romans as

Applying more particularly to the imperishable Vigor and Immortal glory of the state in Rome several temples were erected in honor of this goddess ganimedes ganimedes the youngest son of TR king of Troy was one day drawing water from a well on Mount Ida when he was observed by Zeus who struck with his

Wonderful Beauty sent his Eagle to transport to Olympus where he was endowed with immortality and appointed cup Bearer to the gods ganimedes is represented as a youth of exquisite beauty with short golden locks delicately chiseled features beaming blue eyes and pouting lips the muses of all the Olympic deities none

Occupy a more distinguished position than the muses the nine beautiful daughters of Zeus and nasini in their original signification they presided nearly over music song and dance but with the progress of civilization the Arts and Sciences claimed their special presiding divinities and we see these graceful Creations in later times sharing among

Them various functions such as poetry astronomy and the muses were honored alike by Mortals and Immortals in Olympus where Apollo acted as their leader no banquet or festivity was considered complete without their Joy inspiring presence and on Earth no social Gathering was celebrated without Libations being poured out to them nor

Was any task involving intellectual effort ever undertaken without earnestly supplicating their assistance they endowed their chosen favorites with knowledge wisdom and understanding they bestowed upon the oror the gift of eloquence inspired the poet with his noblest thoughts and the music with his sweetest harmonies like so many of the Greek

Divinities however the refined conception of the muses is somewhat marred by the assurity with which they punished any effort on the part of Mortals to rival them in their Divine Powers an instance of this is seen in the case of Theus a thran Bard who presumed to invite them to a trial of

Skill in music having vanquished him they not only Afflicted him with blindness but deprived him also of the power of song another example of the manner in which the gods punished presumption and vanity is seen in the story of the daughters of King pyus proud of the Perfection to which they

Had brought their skill in music they presumed to challenge the muses themselves in the art over which they specially presided the contest took place on Mount helkin and it is said that when the Mortal maidens commenced their song the sky became dark and Misty whereas when the muses raised their

Heavenly voices all nature seemed to rejoice and mount helan itself moved with exaltation the pyrites were signally defeated and were transformed by the muses into singing birds as a punishment for having dared to challenge comparison with The Immortals undeterred by the above example the sirens also entered

Into a similar contest the songs of the muses were loyal and true whilst those of the sirens were the false and deceptive strains with which so many unfortunate Mariners had been lured to their death the sirens were defeated by the muses and as a mark of humiliation

Were deprived of the feathers with which their bodies were adorned the oldest seat of the worship of the muses was Pia in th where they were supposed to have first seen the light of day Pia is a district on one of the sloping declivities of Mount Olympus when a

Number of rivulets as they flow towards the plains beneath produced those sweet soothing sounds which may possibly have suggested this spot as a fitting home for the presiding divinities of song they dwelt on the Summits of mounts helin Parnassus and pendis and loved to haunt the springs and fountains which gushed forth

Amidst these Rocky Heights all of which were sacred to them and to Poetic inspiration agoni and hippocrene on Mount helin and a castelian spring on Mount Parnassus were sacred to the muses the ladder flowed between two lofty rocks above the city of deli and in ancient times its Waters were

Introduced into a square Stone Basin where they were retained for the use of the pythia and the priests of Apollo the Libations to these divinities consisted of water milk and honey but never of wine their names and functions are as follows Kopi the most honored of the

Muses presided over heroic song in epic poetry and is represented with a pencil in her hand and a slate upon her knee Clio The Muse of History holds in her hand a roll of parchment and wears a wreath of Laurel Mel pomin The Muse of tragedy Bears a tragic mask tiia The

Muse of Comedy carries in her right hand a shepherd’s Crook and has a comic mask beside her pimia the Muse of sacred hymns is crowned with a wreath of Laurel she is always represented in a thoughtful attitude and entirely enveloped in Rich folds of drapery T C

The Muse of dance and ralay is represented in the act of playing on a seven string liar urania The Muse of astronomy stands ere and bears in her left hand a Celestial Globe utpe The Muse of Harmony is represented bearing a musical instrument usually a flute ero

The Muse of love and himal songs wears a wreath of Laurel and is striking the cords of a liar with regard to the origin of the muses it is said that they were created by Zeus in answer to a request on the part of the Victorious deities after the war with the Titans

That some special divinities should be called into existence in order to commemorate in song The Glorious Deeds of the Olympian gods Pegasus Pegasus was a beautiful winged horse who sprang from the body of Medusa when she was slain by the hero Perseus the son of Zeus and Dan spreading out

His wings he immediately flew to the top of Mount Olympus where he was received with delight and admiration by all the Immortals a place in his Palace was assigned to him by Zeus who employed him to carry his Thunder thunder and lightning Pegasus permitted none but the

Gods to mount him except in the case of bapon whom at the command of athe he carried a loft in order that he might slay the chimira with his arrows the later poets represent Pegasus as being at the service of the muses and for this reason he is more celebrated in modern

Times than in Antiquity he would appear to represent that poetical inspiration which tends to develop man’s higher nature and causes the mind to soar heavenward the only mention by the Ancients of Pegasus in connection with the muses is the story of his having produced with his hoofs the famous Fountain

Hippocrene it is said that during their contest with the py rides the muses played and sang on the summit of Mount helkin with such extraordinary power and sweetness that heaven and Earth Stood Still to listen whilst the mountain raised itself in joyous ecstasy towards the Abode of the celestial Gods posidon

Seeing his special function thus interfered with sent Pegasus to check the boldness of the mountain in daring to move without his permission when Pegasus reached the summit he stamped the ground with his hoofs and out gushed the Waters of hippocrene afterward so renowned as the sacred Fountain whence

The muses qua their richest drafts of inspiration the Hesperides the Hesperides the daughters of adlas dwelt in an island in the Far West whence they derived their name they were appointed by Hera to act as Guardians to a tree bearing golden apples which had been presented to her

By Gia on the occasion of her marriage with Zeus it is said that the Hesperides being unable to withstand the temptation of tasting the golden fruit confided to their care were deprived of their office which was henceforth delegated to the terrible Dragon Laden who now became the ever watchful Sentinel of these precious

Treasures the names of the Hesperides were egly arusa and Hesperia Cher grai Graces all those gentler attributes which beautify and refine human existence were personified by the Greeks under the form of three lovely sisters euphrosine AGA and tiia the daughters of Zeus and uranami or according to later writers of dianis and

Aphrodite they are represented as beautiful slender maidens in the full bloom of Youth with hands and arms lovingly intertwined and are either undraped or wear a fleecy transparent Garment of an ethereal fabric they portray every gentle emotion of the heart which vents itself in friendship and benevolence and were believed to

Preside over those qualities which constitute Grace modesty unconscious Beauty gentleness kindliness innocent Joy purity of mind and body and eternal youth they not only possessed the most perfect Beauty themselves but also conferred this gift upon others all the enjoyment of Life were enhanced by their presence and were deemed incomplete

Without them and wherever Joy or pleasure Grace and gity reigned there they were supposed to be present temples and altars were everywhere erected in their honor and people of all ages and of every rank in life intreated their favor incense was burned daily upon their altars and at every banquet they

Were invoked and a libation poured out to them as they not only heightened all enjoyment but also by their ref ining influence moderated the exciting effects of wine music eloquence poetry and art though the direct work of the muses received at the hands of The Graces an additional Touch of refinement and

Beauty for which reason they are always regarded as the friends of the muses with whom they lived on Mount Olympus their special function was to act in conjunction with the seasons as attendance upon Aphrodite whom they adorned with wreaths of flowers and she emerges from their hands like the queen

Of spring perfumed with the odor of roses and violets and all sweet scented blossoms The Graces are frequently seen in attendance on other divinities thus they carry music for Apollo myrtles for Aphrodite and and frequently accompany the muses Aeros or dionisis [ __ ] Seasons closely Allied to The Graces

Were the AI or Seasons who were also represented as three beautiful maidens Daughters of Zeus and feus their names were yomia Dice and Irene it may appear strange that these divinities presiding over the seasons should be but three in number but this is quite in accordance with the Notions

Of the ancient Greeks who only recognized Spring Summer and Autumn as Seasons nature being supposed to be wrapped in death or Slumber during that cheerless and unproductive portion of the year which we call Winter in some parts of Greece there were but two ory phow goddess of the bloom and carpo of

The Corn and fruit bearing season the aie are always regarded as friendly towards Mankind and totally devoid of guile or subtlety they are represented as joyous but gentle maidens crowned with flowers and holding each other by the hand in a round dance when they are depicted separately as personifications of the

Different seasons the aura representing spring appears Laden with flowers that of Summer Bears a sheath of corn whilst the personification of autumn has her hands filled with clusters of grapes and other fruits they also appear in company with The Graces in the train of Aphrodite and are seen with Apollo and

The muses they are inseparably connected with all that is good and beautiful in nature and as the regular alternation of the seasons like all her other operations demands the most perfect order and regularity the Ori being the daughters of feus came to be regarded as the representatives of order and the

Just administration of human Affairs in civilized communities each of these graceful maidens took upon herself a separate function yomia presided more especially over State life dice guarded the interests of individuals whilst Irene the gayest and brightest of the three sisters was the light-hearted companion of dionis the aie were also the deities of

The fast fleeting hours and thus presided over the smaller as well as the larger divisions of time in this capacity they assist every morning in yoking the celestial horses to the Glorious Chariot of the sun which they again help to unyoke when he sinks to rest in their original conception they

Were personifications of the clouds and are described as opening and closing the Gates of Heaven and causing fruits and flowers to Spring forth when they pour down upon them their refreshing and life-giving streams the nymphs the graceful beings called the nymphs were the presiding deities of of the woods Grotto streams

Meadows and these divinities were supposed to be beautiful maidens of fairy-like form and robed in more or less shadowy garments they were held in the greatest veneration though being minor divinities they had no temples dedicated to them but were woried in caves or grados with Libations of milk

Honey oil and they may be divided into three distinct classes viz water mountain and tree or wood nymphs water nymphs oceanides nades and nads the worship of water deities is common to most primitive Nations the streams Springs and Fountains of a country bear the same relation to it which the blood coursing

Through the numberless arteries of a human being Bears to the body both represent the living moving life Awakening element without which existence would be impossible hence we find among most Nations a deep feeling of attachment to the streams and Waters of their native land the remembrance of which when

Absent in foreign climbs is always treasured with peculiar fondness thus among the early Greeks each tribe came to regard the rivers and springs of its individual State as beneficent Powers which brought blessing and prosperity to the country it is probable also that the charm which ever accompanies the sound of running water

Exercised its power over their imagination they heard with delight the gentle Whisper Of The Fountain lulling the senses with its low Rippling tones the soft pearling of the brook as it rushes over the Pebbles or the mighty voice of the waterfall as it dashes on in its headlong course and the beings

Which they pictured to themselves as presiding over all these Charming sights and sounds of nature corresponded in their graceful appearance with the scenes with which they were associated oceanites the oceanites or o ocean nymphs were the daughters of oenus and teus and like most sea divinities were

Endowed with the gift of Prophecy they are personifications of those delicate vapor-like exhalations which in warm climates are emitted from the surface of the sea more especially at Sunset and are impelled forwards by the evening Breeze they are accordingly represented as Misty shadowy beings with graceful swaying forms and robed in pale blue

Gauze-like Fabrics the nades the nades were the daughters of nerus and Doris and were nymphs of the Mediterranean Sea they are similar in appearance to the oceanides but their beauty is of a less shadowy order and is more like that of Mortals they wear a flowing pale green robe their liquid

Eyes resemble in their clear depths the Lucid Waters of the sea they inhabit their hair floats carelessly over their shoulders and assumes the greenish tint of the water water itself which far from deteriorating from their beauty greatly adds to its effect the nades either accompany The Chariot of the mighty

Ruler of the sea or follow in his train we are told by the poets that the lonely Mariner watches the nades with silent awe and wondering Delight as they rise from their Grotto palaces in the deep and dance in joyful groups over the sleeping waves some with arms entwined follow

With their movements The Melodies which seem to hover Over the Sea whilst others scatter liquid gems around these being emblematical of the phosphorescent light so frequently observed at Night by The Traveler in southern Waters the best known of the nades were thetus the wife of pus aetr the spouse of posidon and

Galatia the Beloved of ases the nads the nads were the nymphs of freshwater Springs Lakes Brooks rivers and as the trees plants and flowers owed their nourishment to their genial fostering care these divinities were regarded by the Greeks as special benefactors to mankind like all the nymphs they

Possessed the gift of Prophecy for which reason many of the springs and fountains over which they presided were believed to inspire Mortals who drank of their Waters with the power of foretelling future events the naads are intimately connected in idea with those flowers which are called after the nymphy or

Water lies whose broad green Le leaves and yellow cups float upon the surface of the water as though proudly conscious of their own grace and beauty we often hear of the nads forming alliances with Mortals and also of their being wooed by the silven deities of the woods and

Dales dads or tree nymphs the tree nymphs partook of the distinguishing characteristics of the particular tree to whose life they were wetted and were known collectively by the name of the drats the hamadryads or Oak nymphs represent in their peculiar individuality the quiet self-reliant power which appears to belong

Essentially to the Grand and lordly King of the Forest the Birch nymph is a Melancholy Maiden with floating hair resembling the branches of the pale and fragile looking tree which she inhabits the beach nymph is strong and sturdy full of life and joyousness and appears to give promise of faithful love

And undisturbed Repose whilst her Rosy Cheeks deep brown eyes and graceful form bespeak Health Vigor and vitality the nymph of the linden tree is represented as a little koi Maiden whose short silver gray dress reaches a little below the knee and displays to Advantage her delicately formed limbs the sweet face

Which is partly averted reveals a pair of large Blue Eyes which appear to look at you with wondering surprise and shy mistrust her pale golden hair is bound by the faintest streak of rose-colored ribbon the tree nymph being wedded to the life of the the tree she inhabited

Ceased to exist when it was either felled or so injured as to wither away and die nymphs of the valleys and mountains nepi and orats the nepi were the kind and gentle nymphs of the valleys and Glens who appear in the train of Artemis they are represented as lovely

Maidens with short tunics which reaching only to the knee do not impede their Swift and graceful movements in the exercise of the chase their pale Brown presses are fastened in a knot at the back of the head whence a few stray curls Escape over their shoulders the

Nepi are shy as The Fawns and quite as frolicsome the aads or Mountain nymphs who are the principal and constant Companions of emus are tall graceful maidens attired as huntresses they are Ardent followers of the Chase and spare neither the gentle deer nor the timid hair nor indeed any

Animal they meet with in their rapid course where wherever their wild Hunt goes the shine a PE are represented as hiding behind the leaves whilst their favorites The Fawns kneel tremblingly beside them looking up beseechingly for protection from the wild huntresses and even the Bold SATs Dart

Away at their approach and seek safety in Flight there is a myth connected with one of these Mountain nymphs the unfortunate Echo she became enamored of a beautiful youth named narcissus son of the river god cicus who however failed to return her love which so grieved her

That she gradually pined away becoming a mere shadow of her former self till at length nothing remained of her except her voice which henceforth gave back with uniring Fidelity every sound that was uttered in the Hills and Dales narcissus himself also met with an unhappy fate for Aphrodite punished him

By causing him to fall in love with his own image which he beheld in a neighboring Fountain whereupon consumed with unrequited love he wasted away and was changed into the flower which Bears his name the limones or meon nymphs resemble the nads and are usually represented dancing hand in hand in a

Circle the hiades who in appearance are somewhat similar to the oceanites are cloudy divinities and from the fact of their being invariably accompanied by rain are represented as incessantly weeping the mades were the nymphs who presided over fruit trees before concluding this subject attention should be drawn to the fact that in more

Modern times this beautiful idea of animating all nature in detail reappears under the various local Traditions extent in different countries thus do the oceanites and nades live again in the mermaids whose existence is still believed in by Mariners whilst the flower and Meadow nymphs assume the shape of those tiny

Elves and fairies who were formerly believed to hold their midnight Revels in every wood and on every common indeed even at the present day the Irish peasantry especially in the west firmly believe in the existence of the fairies or good people as they are called the winds according to the oldest accounts

Elis was a king of the eolian islands to whom Zeus gave the command of the Winds which he kept shut up in a deep cave and which he Freed at his pleasure or at the command of the Gods in later times the above belief underwent a change and the

Winds came to be regarded as distinct divinities whose aspect accorded with the respective winds with which they were identified they were depicted as winged youths in full Vigor in the act of flying through the air the principal winds were borus the north wind Urus the East Wind zephrus the West Wind and

Notus the south wind who were said to be the children of EOS and estrias there are no myths of Interest connected with these divinities zepherus was United to chloris Flora the goddess of flowers of borus it is related that while flying over the river alysus he beheld on the banks Oria the Charming

Daughter of erus king of Athens whom he carried off to his native thce and there made her his bride borus and Oria were the parents of zets and CA afterwards famous in the expedition of the Argonauts there was an altar erected at Athens in honor of borus in commemoration of his having destroyed

The Persian Fleet sent to attack the Greeks on the Acropolis at Athens there was a celebrated octagonal temple built by Pericles which was dedicated to the winds and on its sides were their various representations the ruins of this Temple are still to be seen pan

Fonus pan was the god of fertility and a special patron of Shepherds and Huntsmen he presided over all rural occupations was chief of the SATs and head of all rural divinities according to the common belief he was the son of Hermes and a wood nymph and came into the world with

Horns sprouting from his forehead a goat’s beard and a crooked nose pointed ears and the tail and feet of a goat and presented altogether so repulsive an appearance that at the sight of him his mother fled in dismay Hermes however took up his curious little Offspring

Wrapped him in a hair skin and carried him in his arms to Olympus the grotesque form and merry antics of the little stranger made him a great favorite with all the Immortals especially dionis and they bestowed upon him the name of pan all because he had delighted them all his favorite haunts

Were gratos and his Delight was to wander in uncontrolled Freedom over rocks and mountains following his various Pursuits ever cheerful and usually very noisy he was a great lover of Music singing dancing and all Pursuits which enhanced the pleasure measures of life and hence in spite of his repulsive appearance we see him

Surrounded with nymphs of the forests and Dales who love to dance around him to the cheerful music of his pipe the serns the myth concerning the origin of Pan’s pipe is as follows pan became enamored of a beautiful nymph called singx who appalled at his terrible appearance fled from the praci

Attentions of her unwelcome Suitor he pursued her to the banks of the river Laden when seeing his near approach and feeling Escape impossible she called on the gods for assistance who in answer to her prayer transformed her into a reed just as pan was about to seize her

Whilst the lovesick pan was sighing and lamenting his unfortunate fate the winds gently swayed the reads and produced a murmuring sound as of one complaining Charmed with the soothing tones he endeavored to reproduced them himself and after cutting seven of the reads of unequal length he joined them together

And succeeded in producing the pipe which he called the synx in memory of his lost love pan was regarded by Shepherds as their most Valiant protector who defended their flocks from the attacks of wolves the Shepherds of these Early Times having no penfolds were in the habit of gathering together

Their flocks in Mountain caves to protect them against the inclemency of the weather and also to secure them at night against the attacks of wild animals these caves therefore which were very numerous in the mountain districts of Arcadia biosa and were all consecrated to pan as it is customary in

All tropical climates to Repose during the heat of the day pan is represented as greatly enjoying his afternoon sleep in the cool shelter of a tree or cave and also as being highly displeased at any sound which Disturbed his Slumbers for which reason the Shepherds were always particularly careful to keep

Unbroken silence during these hours whilst they themselves indulged in a quiet Siesta Han was equally beloved by Huntsman being himself a great lover of the woods which afforded to his cheerful and active disposition full scope and in which he loved to range at will he was

Regarded as the patron of the Chase and the Royal Sportsman returning from an unsuccessful day sport beat in token of their displeasure the wooden image of pan Which always occupied a prominent place in their dwellings all sudden and unaccountable sounds which startle travel in lonely spots were attributed to pan who

Possessed a frightful and most discordant voice hence the term Panic Terror to indicate sudden fear the Athenians ascribed their victory at Marathon to the alarm which he created among the Persians by his terrible voice Han was gifted with the power of Prophecy which he is said to have

Imparted to Apollo and he possessed a well-known and very ancient Oracle in Arcadia in which state he was more especially worshiped the artists of later times have somewhat toned down the original very unattractive conception of pan as above described and merely represent him as a Young Man hardened by

The exposure to all weathers which a rural life involves and bearing in his hand the shepherd’s Crook and serns these being his usual attributes whilst small horns project from his forehead he is either undraped or wears merely the light cloak called the clamus the usual offerings to pan were

Milk and honey in Shepherd’s bowls cows lambs and Rams were also sacrificed to him after the introduction of pan into the worship of dianis we hear of a number of little pans penisi who are sometimes confounded with the Saturn FIS the Romans had an old Italian

Divinity called fonus who as the god of shepherds was identified with the Greek pan and represented in a similar manner fonus is frequently called inuus or the fertilizer and lerus or the one who Wards off wolves like pan he possessed the gift of Prophecy and was the presiding Spirit of the woods and

Fields he also shared with his Greek prototype The Faculty of alarming Travelers in solitary places bad dreams and evil apparitions were attributed to Faus and he was believed to enter houses stealthily at night for this purpose FAA was the wife of fonus and participated in his functions the

SATs the SATs were a race of Woodland spirits who evidently personified the free wild and untrammeled life of the forest their appearance was both grotesque and repulsive they had flat broad noses pointed ears and little horns sprouting from their foreheads a rough Shaggy skin and small goat’s Tails

They led a life of pleasure and self-indulgence followed the chase reveled in every description of wild music and dancing were terrible wine B rers and addicted to the Deep Slumbers which follow heavy potations they were no less dreaded by Mortals than by The Gentle Woodland nymphs who always avoided their coarse

Rough Sports the SATs were conspicuous figures in the train of dionisis and as we have seen silenus their Chief was tutor to the wine God the older SATs were called silence and are represented in antique sculpture as more nearly approaching the human form in addition to the ordinary s sers artists delighted

In depicting little SATs young imps frolicking about the woods in a marvelous variety of droll attitudes these little fellows greatly resemble their friends and companions the penisi in rural districts it was customary for the Shepherds and peasants who attended the festivals of dionisis to dress themselves in the skins of

Goats and other animals and under this disguise they permitted themselves all kinds of playful tricks and excesses to which Circumstance the conception of the Saturn is by some authorities attributed in Rome the old Italian wood divinities the fs who had goat’s feet and all other characteristics of the Saturns greatly

Exaggerated were identified with them priapus priapus the son of dionis and Aphrodite was regarded as the god of fruitfulness the protector of flocks sheep goats bees the fruit of the vine and all Garden produce his statues which were set up in gardens and Vineyards acted not only as

Objects of worship but also as scarecrows the appearance of this God being especially repulsive and unsightly these statues were formed of wood or stone and from the hips downwards were merely roote columns they represent him as having a red and very ugly face he bears in his

Hand a pruning knife and his head is crowned with a wreath of Vine and Laurel he usually carries fruit in his garments or a cornucopia in his hand and always however retaining his singularly revolting aspect it is said that Hera wishing to punish Aphrodite sent her this misshapen and unsightly son and

That when he was born his mother was so horrified at the sight of him that she ordered him to be exposed on the mountains where he was found by some Shepherds who taking pity on him saved his life this Divinity was chiefly worshiped at lampsacus his birthplace asses were sacrificed to him

And he received the first fruits of the fields and Gardens with a libation of milk and honey the worship of priapus was introduced into Rome at the same time as that of Aphrodite and was identified with a native Italian Divinity named munus esus esculapius asclepius the god of The Healing Art was

The son of Apollo and the nymph caronus he was educated by the noble centur chyon who instructed him in all knowledge but more more especially in that of the properties of herbs asclepius searched out the hidden powers of plants and discovered cures for the various diseases which afflict the human

Body he brought his Arc to such Perfection that he not only succeeded in warding off death but also restored the dead to life it was popularly believed that he was materially assisted in his wonderful cures by the blood of the Medusa given to him by palis aine It is

Well to observe that the shrines of this divin which were usually built in healthy places on Hills outside the town or near Wells which were believed to have healing powers offered at the same time means of cure for the sick and suffering thus combining religious with sanitary

Influences it was the custom for the sufferer to sleep in the temple when if he had been Earnest in his devotions a sleepus appeared to him in a dream and revealed the means to be employed for the Cure of his malady on the walls of these temples were hung tablets

Inscribed by the different pilgrims with the particulars of their maladies the remedies practiced and the cures worked by the god a custom undoubtedly productive of most beneficial results Groves temples and altars were dedicated to esias in many parts of Greece but epidor the chief seat of his worship

Where indeed it is said to have originated contained his principal Temple which served at the same time as a hospital the statue of esus in the temple at epidor was formed of Ivory and gold and represented him as an old man with a full beard leaning on a staff

Round which a serpent is climbing the serpent was the distinguishing symbol of this Divinity partly because these reptiles were greatly used by the Ancients in the Cure of diseases and partly also because all the prudence and wisdom of the serpent were deemed indispensable to the judicious physician his usual attributes are a

Staff a bowl a bunch of herbs a pineapple a dog and a serpent his children inherited for the most part the distinguished talents of their father two of his sons McAn and podus accompanied agamenon to the Trojan War in which Expedition they became renowned not only as military Heroes but also as skillful

Physicians their sisters hiia health and panasia all healing had temples dedicated to them and received Divine honors the function of hiia was to maintain the health of the community which great blessing was supposed to be brought by her as a direct and beneficent gift from the gods esculapius

The worship of esculapius was introduced into Rome from epidor when the statue of the god of healing was brought at the time of a great pestilence grateful for their deliverance from this plague the Romans erected a temple in his honor on an island near the mouth of the Tyber Roman divinities

Janice from the earliest ages Janice was regarded by the Romans with the utmost affection and veneration as a Divinity who ranked only second to Jupiter himself and through whom all prayers and petitions were transmitted to the other gods he was believed to preside over the beginnings of all things hence it was he

Who inaugurated the years months and seasons and in course of time came to be considered especially protecting the beginnings of all human Enterprises the great importance which the Romans attached to an auspicious commencement as contributing to the ultimate success of an Enterprise accounts for the high estimation in

Which Janice was held as the god of Beginnings this Divinity would appear to have been the ancient sun god of the Italian tribes in which capacity he opens and closes the Gates of Heaven every morning and evening hence he was regarded as the doorkeeper of heaven and

Also as the presiding deity over all Gates entrances and on Earth the the fact of his being the god of City Gates which were called Yanni after him is ascribed however to the following myth after the Abduction of their women by the Romans the sabines in Revenge

Invaded the Roman State and were already about to enter the gates of the city when suddenly a hot Sulfur Spring which was believed to have been sent by Janice for their special preservation gushed forth from the earth and arrested the progress of the enemy in his character

As guardian of gates and doors he he was also regarded as a protecting deity of the home for which reason little shrines were erected to him over the doors of houses which contained an image of the god having two faces Janice possessed no temples in the ordinary acceptation of

The word but all the gates of cities were dedicated to him close to the Forum of Rome stood the so-called Temple of Janice which however was merely an arched passage closed by Massive Gates this Temple was open only in time of war and as it was supposed that the God had

Then taken his departure with the Roman army over whose welfare he personally presided it is worthy of notice as an Evidence of the many wars in which the Romans were engaged that the gates of this Sanctuary were only closed three times during 700 years as The God Who

Ushers in the New Year the first month was called after him and on the 1 of January his most important Festival was celebrated on which occasion all entrances of public and private buildings were decorated with Laurel branches and garlands of flowers his sacrifices consisting of cakes wine and barley were offered to

Him at the beginning of every month and before sacrificing to the other gods his name was always invoked and a libation poured out to him Janice is usually represented with two faces in his special function as doorkeeper of Heaven he stands erect bearing a key in one

Hand and a rod or scepter in the other it is supposed oos that Janice was the most ancient king of Italy who during his life governed his subjects with such wisdom and moderation that in gratitude for the benefits conferred upon them his people deified him after death and

Placed him in the foremost rank among their divinities we have already seen in the history of cronis that Saturn who was identified with the Greek cronis god of time was the friend and colleague of Janice anxious to prove his gratitude to his benefactor cronis in owed him with

The knowledge of past and future events which enabled him to adopt the wisest measures for the welfare of his subjects and it is on this account that Janice is represented with two faces looking in opposite directions the one to the past the other to the Future Flora Flora was the goddess of flowers

And was regarded as a beneficent power who watched over and protected the early blossoms she was held in the highest estimation by the Romans and a festival called the floralia was celebrated in her honor from the 28th of April to the 1st of May this Festival was a season of

Universal marent in which flowers were used profusely in adorning houses streets and and were worn by young girls in their hair Flora who typified the season of spring is generally represented as a lovely Maiden garlanded with flowers robigus in opposition to Flora we find an antagonistic divinity called robigus

A worker of evil who delighted in the destruction of the tender herbs by milw and whose wrath could only be averted by prayers and sacrifices when he was invoked under the title of avarus or the averter the Festival of robigus the robelia was celebrated on the 25th of April Pomona

Pomona was the goddess of orchards and fruit trees who according to Avid cares not for Woods or streams but loves her Gardens and the bows that bear the thriving fruit Pomona who typifies Autumn is represented as a lovely Maiden Laden with branches of fruit trees vertumnus vertumnus was the god of

Garden and field produce he personifies the change of seasons and that process of transformation in nature by means of which the leaf buds become developed into blossoms and the blossoms into Fruit the change of seasons is symbolized in a myth which represents for tness as metamorphosing himself into

A variety of different forms in order to gain the affection of Pomona who so loved her vocation that she abjured all thoughts of marriage he first appears to her as a Plowman typifying spring then as a Reaper to represent summer afterwards as a Vine gatherer to indicate Autumn and finally as a

Gray-haired old woman symbolical of the Snows of winter but it was not until he assumed his true form that of a beautiful youth that he succeeded in his suit bnus is generally represented crowned with wheat sheaths and bearing in his hand a cornicopia pales pales a very ancient Italian

Divinity is represented sometimes as a male sometimes as a female power as a male Divinity he is more particularly the god of Shepherds and flocks as a female deity pales presides over husbandry and the fruitfulness of herds her festivals the pilia were celebrated on the 21st of April the day

On which the city of Rome was founded during this Festival it was customary for Shepherds to ignite a mass of straw through which they rushed with their flocks believing that this ordeal would purify them from sin the name Palatine which originally signified a pastoral colony is derived from this Divinity her

Offerings were cakes and milk pikus pikus the son of Saturn and father of fonus was a woodland Divinity gifted with prophetic Powers an ancient myth relates that pikus was a beautiful youth United to a nymph called cannons the Sorceress Cersei infatuated by his Beauty endeavored to secure his love but

He rejected her advances and she in Revenge changed him into a woodpecker under which form he still retained his powers of Prophecy pikus is represented as a youth with a woodpecker perched upon his head which bird became henceforth regarded as possessed of the power of Prophecy picumnus and

Pumis picumnus and pumis were two household divinities of the Romans who were the special presiding deities of newborn infants sylvenus silanus was a woodland Divinity who like Fus greatly resembled the Greek pan he was the presiding deity of plantations and forests and specially protected the boundaries of fields

Sylvenus is represent presented as a hail old man carrying a cypress tree for according to Roman mythology the transformation of the youth cyparissus into the tree which Bears his name was attributed to him his sacrifices consisted of milk meat wine grapes weers and pigs Terminus Terminus was the god who

Presided over all boundaries and landmarks he was originally represented by a simple block of stone which in later times became Sur Ed by a head of this Divinity Numa pompilus the great benefactor of his people anxious to inculcate respect for the rights of property specially enjoined the erection

Of these blocks of stone as a durable Monument to Mark the line dividing one property from another he also caused altars to be raised to terminus and instituted his Festival the terminalia which was celebrated on the 23rd of February upon one occasion when Tarin wished to remove the altars of several

Deities in order to build a new Temple it is said that Terminus and Juventus alone objected to being displaced this obstinate refusal on their part was interpreted as a good omen signifying that the city of Rome would never lose her boundaries and would remain ever young and vigorous

Conses consis was the god of secret Council the Romans believed that when an idea developed itself spontaneously within the mind of an individual it was consis who had prompted the suggestion this applied however more particularly to plans which resulted satisfactorily an altar was erected to this Divinity on the circus Maximus

Which was kept always covered except during his Festival the conelia which was celebrated on the 18th of August litina litina was the goddess who presided over funerals this Divinity was identified with Venus possibly because the Ancients considered that the Power of Love extended even to the Realms of death her

Temple in Rome which was erected by cus tulus contained all the requisites for funerals and these could either be bought or hired there a register of all deaths which occurred in the city of Rome was kept in this Temple and in order to ascertain the rate of mortality

A piece of money was paid by command of cus tulus on the demise of each person LNA LNA was the presiding goddess of Thieves and of all artifice and frog there was an altar erected to her near the portal aalis which was called after her and she possessed a sacred grove on

The Vias solivia komas komus was the presiding Genius of Banquets festive scenes rry and all joyous pleasures and Reckless gayy he is represented as a Young Man crowned with flowers his face heated and flushed with wine leaning against a post in a half sleepy and drunken attitude with a torch

Falling from his hand the kamini the kamini were prophetic nymphs held in high veneration by the ancient Italians they were four in Number the best known of whom are carmenta and Nigeria carmenta was celebrated as being the mother of Evander who led an Arcadian Colony into Italy and founded a

Town on the river Tyber which became afterwards Incorporated with the city of Rome iander is said to have been the first who introduced Greek art and civilization into Italy and also the worship of Greek divinities a temple was erected to carmenta on the capitaline hill and a festival called the carelia was

Celebrated in her Honor on the 11th of January aeria is said to have initiated Numa pompilus in the forms of religious worship which he introduced among his people she was regarded as The Giver of Life and was therefore invoked by women before the birth of their children the kamini are frequently identified by

Roman writers with the music is genii a comforting and assuring belief existed among the Romans that each individual was accompanied through life from the hour of his birth to that of his death by a protecting Spirit called his genius who prompted him to good and Noble deeds and acted towards him as a

Guardian angel comforting him in sorrow and guiding him throughout his Earthly career in the course of time a second genius was believed to exist of an evil nature who as the instigator of all wrongdoing was ever at war with the beneficent genius and on the issue of the conflict between these antagonistic influences

Depended the fate of the individual the genii were depicted as winged beings greatly resembling our modern representations of guardian angels every state town or city as well as every man possessed its special genius the sacrifices to the genii consisted of wine cakes and incense which were offered to them on

Birthdays the genius which guided a woman was called after the Queen of Heaven Juno among the Greeks beings called demons were regarded as exercising similar functions to those of the Roman genii they were believed to be the spirits of the righteous race which existed in the Golden Age who watched

Over mankind carrying their prayers to the gods and the gifts of the Gods to them manies lemur larvi and Lis the manies were the spirits of The Departed and were of two kinds VI lemur or larvi and Lis the Lemur were those manies who haunted their former abodes on Earth as

Evil spirits appearing at night under awful forms and hideous shapes greatly to the alarm of their friends and relatives they were so feared that a festival called the lelia was celebrated in order to propitiate them it appears extremely probable that the superstitions with with regard to ghosts

Haunted houses and which exist even at the present day owe their origin to this very ancient Pagan Source the Lis familiars were a much more pleasing conception they were the spirits of the ancestors of each family who exercised after death a protecting power over the well-being and prosperity of the family

To which they had in life belonged the place of honor beside the Hearth was occupied by the statue of the L of the house who was supposed to have been the founder of the family this statue was the object of profound veneration and was honored on All Occasions by every

Member of the family a portion of each meal was laid before it and it was believed to take an active part in all family Affairs and domestic events whether of a sad or joyful nature before starting on any Expedition the Master of the House saluted the statue of the L

And on his return a solemn Thanksgiving was offered to this the presiding deity of his Hearth and Home in grateful acknowledgment of his protection whereupon the statue was crowned with garlands of flowers these being the favorite offerings to the ls on All Occasions of a special family

Rejoicing the First Act of a bride on entering her new Abode was to do homage to the L in the belief that he would exercise over her a protecting influence and shield her from evil in addition to those above enumerated there were also public LS who were Guardians of the

State High Roads country and see their temples were always open for any Pious worshipper to enter and on their altars public sacrifices were offered for the welfare of the state or city penades the penates were deities selected by each family and frequently by its individual members as a special

Protector various causes led to this selection if for instance a child were born on the Festival of Vesta it was thought that that deity would henceforward would act as its special Guardian if a youth possessed great business talents he adopted Mercury as his tutelary deity should he on the

Other hand develop a passion for music Apollo was selected as his Patron God and so forth these became regarded as the special divinities of the household small images of them adorned the surroundings of the Hearth and honors similar to those paid to the ls were accorded to them just as there were

Public LS so there were public penades which were worshiped by the Roman people under the form of two youthful Warriors who in later times were regarded as identical with Castor and Pollocks they are generally represented on Horseback with conical caps on their heads and bearing long Spears in their

Hands public worship of the ancient Greeks and Romans temples in very remote times the Greeks had no shrines or sanctuaries devoted to public worship but performed their devotions beneath the V vast and boundless canopy of Heaven in the Great temple of nature itself believing that their divin is thrown above the clouds

Pious worshippers naturally sought the highest available points in order to place themselves in the closest communion possible with their gods hence the Summits of high mountains were selected for devotional purposes and the more exalted the rank and importance of the Divinity invoked the more elevated was the site selected for his or her

Worship but the inconvenience attending this mode of worship gradually suggested the idea of erecting edifices which would afford means of shelter from the inclemency of the weather these structures were in the first instance of the most simple form and without decoration but when with the progress of civilization the Greeks became a wealthy

And powerful people temples were built and adorned with the greatest Splendor and magnificence Talent labor and wealth being lavished unsparingly on their erection and decoration indeed so massively were they constructed that some of them have to a certain extent withstood the ravages of time the city of Athens especially contains numerous

Remains of these buildings of antiquity on the Acropolis we may still behold among other monuments of ancient art the Temple of athenus and that of Theus the latter of which is the most entire ancient edifice in the world in the island of delos also are to be seen

The ruins of the temples of apoll and emis both of which are in a wonderful state of preservation these ruins are most valuable being sufficiently complete to enable us to study by their aid the plan and character of the original structure among the laconians however we find no

Vestiges of these stately temples for they were specially enjoined by a law of lerus to serve the gods with as little outlay as possible when the Great log was asked the reason of this injunction he replied that the last macedonians being a poor Nation might otherwise abstain altogether from the observance

Of their religious duties and wisely added that magnificent edifices and costly sacrifices were not so pleasing to the gods as the true piety and unfeigned devotion of their worshippers the most ancient temples known to us served a double purpose they were not only consecrated to the service

Of the Gods but were at the same time venerable monuments in honor of the Dead thus for instance the Temple of Palace aen in the tower of the city of Lissa served as the Seiler of acrus and the Acropolis at Athens received the ashes of SE crops founder of the city a temple

Was frequently dedicated to two or more gods and was always built after the manner considered most acceptable to the particular divinities to whom it was consecrated for just as trees birds and animals of every description were held to be sacred to certain deities so almost every God had a form of building

Peculiar to himself which was deemed more acceptable to him than any other thus the Doric style of architecture was sacred to Zeus Aries and Heracles the ionic to Apollo Artemis and dionisis and the Corinthian to hesa in the porch of the temple stood a vessel of stone or

Brass containing holy water which had been consecrated by putting into it a burning torch taken from the altar with which all those admitted to take part in the sacrifices were besprinkled in The inmost Recess of the sanctuary was the most holy Place into which none but the priests were suffered to enter temples

In the country were usually surrounded with Groves of trees the Solitude of these Shady Retreats naturally tended to inspire the worshipper with awe and reverence added to which the delightful shade and coolness afforded by tall leafy trees is peculiarly grateful in hot countries indeed so General did this

Custom of building temples and Groves become that all places devoted to Sacred purposes even where no trees existed were called Groves that this practice must be a very remote Antiquity is proved by the biblical injunction having for its object the separation of the Jews from all idolatrous practices Thou shalt not

Plant thee a Grove of trees near unto the altar of the Lord thy God statues the Greeks worshiped their gods without any visible representations of them until the time of SE crops the most ancient of these representations consisted of square blocks of stone upon which the name of the deity intended to

Be represented was engraved the first attempts at sculpture were rud stocks with a head at one end and a shapeless trunk at the other tapering slightly down to the feet which however were not divided the limbs being in no way defined but the artists of later times devoted all their genius to

The successful production of the highest ideals of their gods some of which are preserved to to this day and are regarded as examples of purist art on a pedestal in the center of the edifice stood the statue of the Divinity to whom the temple was dedicated surrounded by

Images of other gods all of which were fenced off by rails altars the altar in a greek temple which stood in the center of the building and in front of the Statue of the presiding deity was generally of a circular form and constructed of stone it was

Customary to engrave upon it the name or distinguishing symbol of the Divinity to whom it was dedicated and it was held so sacred that if any malactor fled to it his life was Sav from his pursuers and it was considered one of the greatest acts of sacrilege to force him from this Asylum

The most ancient altars were adorned with horns which in former times were emblems of power and dignity as wealth and consequently importance consisted among most primitive nations in flocks and herds in addition to those erected in places of public worship altars were frequently raised in groves on highways

Or in the marketplaces of cities the gods of the lower world had no Alters whatever ditches or trenches being dug for the reception of the blood of the sacrifices offered to them priests in ancient times the priests were recognized as a special social cast and were distinguished not only by their

Sacerdotal vestments but also by their piety wisdom and blameless life they were the chosen mediators between Gods and Men and offered prayers and sacrifices in the name of the people whom they also instructed as to what vows gifts and offerings would be most acceptable to the gods every deity had a

Different order of priests consecrated to his worship and in every place a high priest was appointed whose Duty it was to superintend the rest of his order and also to carry out the more sacred rights and religious observances priests and priestesses were permitted to marry but not a second time

Some however voluntarily adopted a life of celibacy sacrifices there is no doubt that a feeling of gratitude to the gods for their protecting care and the abundance with which they were believed to bless mankind has induced men of all Nations and in all countries to feel a desire to

Sacrifice to their Divinity some portion of the gifts so generously lavished upon them among the Greeks sacrifices were of various kinds they consisted of free will offer offerings propitiatory offerings and Free Will offerings were grateful acknowledgements for benefits received and usually consisted of the first fruits of the field or the finest

Of the flocks and herds which were required to be without spot or blemish propitiatory offerings were brought with the object of appeasing the anger of the Gods in addition to those above enumerated sacrifices were made either with a view of obtaining success in an Enterprise about to be undertaken

Or in fulfilling f m of a vow or at the command of an oracle every sacrifice was accompanied by salt and also by a libation which usually consisted of wine the Cup being always filled to the brim indicating that the offering was made without stint when sacrificing to The Infernal Gods

The cup containing the libation was filled with blood the animals offered to The Olympian divinities were white whilst those to the gods of the lower world were black when a man offered a special sacrifice for himself or his family it partook of the nature of his occupation thus a Shepherd brought a

Sheep a Vine grower his grapes and so forth but in the case of public sacrifices the supposed individuality of the deity was always consulted for instance to demer a sa was offered because that animal is apt to root up the seed corn to dionisis a goat on account of its being destructive to

Vineyards and the value of offerings depended greatly upon the position of the individual it being regarded as a contempt of the Gods for a rich man to bring a sorted offering whilst from a poor man the smallest oblation was considered acceptable hecaton consisted of 100 animals and were offered by

Entire communities or by wealthy individuals who either desired or had obtained some special favor from the gods when a sacrifice was to be offered a fire was kindled on the altar into which wine and frankincense were poured in order to increase the flame in very ancient times the victim was laid upon

The Altar and burned whole but after the time of Prometheus portions only of the shoulders thighs anils and were sacrificed the remainder becoming the perquisites of the priests the officiating priests wore a crown composed of the leaves of the tree sacred to the deity they invoked thus when sacrificing to Apollo the crowns

Were of Laurel went to Heracles of popper this practice of wearing crowns was at a later period adopted by the general public at Banquets and other festivities on occasions of special solemnity the horns of the victim were overlaid with gold and the altars decked with flowers and sacred herbs the mode

Of conducting the sacrifices was as follows all things being prepared a salt cake the sacrificial knife and the crowns were placed in a small basket and carried to the sanctuary by a young Maiden where upon the victim was conducted into the temple frequently to the accompaniment of Music if a small

Animal it was driven loose to the altar if a large one it was led by a long trailing rope in order to indicate that it was not an unwilling sacrifice when all were assembled the priest after walking in solemn State round the altar besprinkled it with a

Mixture of meal and holy water after which he also besprinkled the assembled worshippers and exhorted them to join with him in prayer the the service being ended the priest first tasted the libation and after causing the congregation to do the like poured the remainder between the horns of the

Victim after which frankincense was strewn upon the Altar and a portion of the meal and water poured upon the animal which was then killed if by any chance the victim escaped the stroke or became in any way Restless it was regarded as an evil Omen if on the

Contrary it expired without a struggle it was considered auspicious at the sacrifices to the aerial divin music was added whilst dances were performed Round The Altar and sacred hymns sung these hymns were generally composed in honor of the Gods and contained an account of their famous actions their clemency and beneficence

And the gifts conferred by them on Mankind in conclusion the gods were invoked for a continuance of their favor and when the service was ended a feast was held oracles the desire to penetrate the dark veil of Futurity and thereby to avert if possible threaten danger has animated

Mankind in all ages of the world prophetic knowledge was sought by the Greeks at the mouth of oracles whose predictions were interpreted to the People by priests especially appointed for the purpose the most famous of these institutions was the Oracle of Apollo at Deli which was held in general repute

All over the world people flocked from far and near to consult this wonderful mouthpiece of the Gods one month in the year being specially set apart for the purpose the Priestess who delivered the oracles was called the pythia after the serpent python which was killed by Apollo having first bathed in the waters

Of the castelian spring she was conducted into the temple by the priests and was Seated on a sort of three-legged stool or table called a tripod which was placed over the mouth of a cave whence issued suf Furious Vapors here she gradually became affected in a rem remarkable Manner and

Fell into an ecstatic condition in which she uttered wild and extraordinary phrases which were held to be the utterance of Apollo himself these the priests interpreted to the people but in most cases in so ambiguous a manner that the Fulfillment of the prediction could not easily be disputed during the

Ceremony clouds of incense filled the temple and hid the Priestess from the view of the uninitiated and at its conclusion she was reconducted in a fainting condition to her cell the following is a striking instance of the ambiguity of oracular predictions crus the rich king of Lydia before going to

War with Cyrus King of Persia consulted an oracle as to the probable success of the Expedition the reply he received was that if he crossed a certain River he would destroy a great Empire interpreting the response as being favorable to his design crus crossed the river and encountered the Persian king

By whom he was entirely defeated and his own empire being destroyed the prediction of the Oracle was said to have been fulfilled s o t HS r s augers in addition to the manifestation of the will of the Gods by means of oracles the Greeks also believed that certain men called soothsayers were

Gifted with the power of foretelling future events from dreams from observing the flight of birds the entral of sacrificed animals and even the direction of the flames and smoke from The Altar and augers the Roman soothsayers were called augers and played an important part in the history of the Romans as no

Enterprise was ever undertaken without first Consulting them with regard to its ultimate success festivals festivals were instituted as seasons of rest rejoicing and Thanksgiving and also as anniversaries to commemorate events of national importance the most ancient festivals were those held after the ingathering of the Harvest or vintage and were

Celebrated with rejoicings and merry makings which lasted many days during which time the first fruits of the fields were offered to the gods accompanied by prayers and Thanksgiving the festivals held in cities in honor of special divinities or in commemoration of particular events were conducted with an elaborate ceremonial gorgeous processions games

Chariot races and were conspicuous features on these occasions and dramatic performances representing particular episodes in the lives of the Gods and heroes frequently took place we subjoin a few of the most interesting of the Greek and Roman festivals Greek festivals linian Mysteries one of the most ancient and important among the festivals observed

By the Greeks was that of the elcan Mysteries which was celebrated in honor of deer and pepan the name was derived from ucus a town in ateka where the Mysteries were first introduced by the goddess herself they were divided into the greater and lesser Mysteries and according to the

General account were held every 5 years the greater which were celebrated in honor of deer and lasted nine days were held in Autumn the Lesser dedicated to pany who at these festivals was affectionately called Kora or the maiden were held in Spring it is supposed that the secrets taught to the initiated by

The priests the expounders of the Mysteries were moral me meanings elucidated from the myths concerning demer and pany but the most important belief inculcated was the doctrine of the immortality of the soul that the lessons taught were of the highest moral character is universally admitted The Souls of those who participated in them

Were filled with the sweetest hopes both as to this and the future world and it was a common saying among the Athenians in the Mysteries no one is sad the initiation into these solemn writs which was originally the exclusive privilege of the Athenians was accompanied with on inspiring ceremonies and secrecy was so

Strictly enjoined that its violation was punished by death at the conclusion of the initiation great rejoicings took place chariot races wrestling matches and were held and solemn sacrifices offered the initiation into the Lesser Mysteries served as a preparation for the greater thesmophoria the thesmophoria was another Festival held in honor of deer

In her character as presiding over marriage and social institutions resulting from the spread of Agriculture this Festival was celebrated exclusively by women diania a joyous Spring Festival was held in honor of dionisis in the month of March and lasted several days this Festival which was called the greater dionisia was celebrated with particular

Splendor at Athens when strangers flocked from all parts of the world to take part in the ceremonies the city was gay decorated the houses were garlanded with ivy leaves crowds perambulated the streets everything wore its holiday Garb and wine was freely indulged in in the processions which took place during

These festivities the statue of dionis was carried and men and women crowned with Ivy and bearing the thus were dressed in every description of grotesque costume and played on drums pipes flutes symbols and some representing silenus rode on asses others wearing Fawn skins appeared as pan or the SATs and the whole multitude

Sang peans in honor of the wine God public shows games and sports took place and the entire city was full of rry what lent additional interest to these festivals was the custom of introducing new comedies and tragedies to the public representations of which were given and prizes awarded to those

Which elicited the greatest admiration the blesser dionisia were vintage festivals celebrated in rural districts in the month of November and were characterized by drinking feasting and joviality of all kinds in connection with some of the festivals in honor of dionis were certain Mystic observances into which only women called Mina or Banes were

Initiated clad in Fawn skins they assembled By Night On The Mountain sides some carrying blazing torches others thi and all animated with religious enthusiasm and frenzy they shouted clapped their hands danced wildly and worked themselves up to such a pitch of excitement and fury that in their mad

Frenzy they tore in pieces the animal brought as a sacrifice to dionis under the name of Balia these Mystic rights were introduced into Rome where men also were allowed to participate in them but they were attended with such frightful excesses that the state authorities at length interfered and prohibited them penia

The panthia was a famous Festival celebrated in Athens in honor of Athen polius the guardian of the state there were two festivals of this name the Lesser and the greater panthia the former was held annually and the latter which lasted several days was celebrated every fourth year for the

Greater panthia a garment embroidered with gold called the pepas was specially woven by Athenian maidens on which was represented the victory gained by ath over the Giants this garment was suspended to the Mast of a ship which stood outside the city and during the festival which was characterized by a grand procession the

Ship with the pepas on its Mast was impelled forward by means of invisible machinery and formed the most conspicuous feature of the pageant the whole population bearing Olive branches in their hands took part in the procession and amidst music and rejoicings this imposing pageant wed its

Way to the the Temple of athenus where the pus was deposited on the Statue of the Goddess at this Festival Homer’s poems were declaimed aloud and Poets also introduced their own Works to the public musical contests foot and horse races and wrestling matches were held and dances were performed by Boys in

Armor men who had deserved well of their country were presented at the festival with a crown of gold and the name of the person so distinguished was announced publicly by a Herald the victors in the races and athletic games received as a prize a vase of oil

Supposed to have been extracted from the fruit of the Sacred Olive Tree of athe dhoria the dhoria was celebrated at thieves in honor of Apollo every 9th year the distinguishing feature of this Festival Was A procession to the Temple of Apollo in which a young priest the daff nephus of noble descent splendidly

Attired and wearing a crown of gold was preceded by a youth carrying an emblematical representation of the sun moon stars and days of the year and followed by beautiful maidens bearing Laurel branches and singing hymns in honor of the god Roman festivals saturnalia the saturnalia a National

Festival held in December in honor of Saturn was celebrated after the ingathering of the Harvest and lasted several days it was a time of universal rejoicing cessation from labor and marry making school children had holidays friends sent presents to each other the law courts were closed and no business was

Transacted crowds of people from the surrounding country flocked to Rome for this Festival attired in every variety of masquerade dress practical jokes were given and received with the utmost Good Humor shouts of exaltation filled the air all classes abandoned themselves to enjoyment and unrestrained hilarity reigned Supreme social distinctions were

For a Time suspended or even reversed and so heartily was the spirit of this Festival entered into that Masters waited upon their slaves at Banquets which they provided for them the slaves being dressed upon these occasions in the garments of their masters there appears little doubt that

The modern Carnival is a survival of the ancient saturnalia Celia this Festival was celebrated in honor of Siri it was solemnized exclusiv ly by women who dressed in white garments wandered about with torches in their hands to represent the search of the Goddess for her daughter prer Pine during this Festival games were

Celebrated in the circus Maximus to which none were admitted unless clothed in white vestalia the vestalia was a Festival held in honor of Vesta on the 9th of June and was celebrated exclusively by women who walked barefooted in procession to the Temple of the Goddess the priestesses of V vea called vestals

Or Vestal virgins played a conspicuous part in these festivals they were six in number and were chosen between the ages of 6 and 10 from the noblest families in Rome their term of office was 30 years during the first 10 years they were initiated in their religious duties during the second

10 they performed them and during the third they instructed novices their Chief Duty was to watch and feed the ever Burning Flame on the altar of Vesta the extinction of which was regarded as a national Calamity of ominous import great honors and privileges were accorded to them the

Best seats were reserved for their use at all public spectacles and even the consuls and peders made way for them to pass if they met a criminal on his way to execution they had the power to Pardon him provided it could be proved that the meeting was accidental the vestals were vowed to

Chastity a violation of which was visited by the frightful punishment of being buried alive part two legends Cadmus the following is the legendary account of the founding of Thieves after the Abduction of his daughter Europa by Zeus ainor King of fenicia unable to reconcile himself to her loss dispatched his son Cadmus in

Search of her Desiring him not to return without his sister for many years Cadmus pursued his search through various countries but without success not daring to return home without her he consulted the Oracle of Apollo at Deli and the reply was that he must desist from his task and take upon

Himself a new Duty I.E that of founding a city the sight of which would be indicated to him by a heer which had never borne the Yoke and which would lie down on the spot whereon the city was to be built scarcely had Cadmus left the

Sacred Fame when he observed a heer Who Bore no marks of servitude on her neck walking slowly in front of him he followed the animal for a considerable distance until at length on the site where thieves afterwards stood she looked towards heaven and gently lo lay

Down in the long grass grateful for this Mark of divine favor Cadmus resolved to offer up the animal as a sacrifice and accordingly sent his followers to fetch water for the libation from a neighboring spring this spring which was sacred to Aries was situated in a wood

And guarded by a fierce Dragon who at the approach of the retainers of Cadmus suddenly pounced upon them and killed them after waiting some time for the return of his servants Cadmus grew impatient and hastily arming himself with his Lance and spear set out to seek them on reaching the spot the mangled

Remains of his unfortunate followers met his View and near them he beheld the frightful monster dripping with the blood of his victims seizing a huge Rock the hero hurled it with all his might upon the dragon but protected by his tough black skin and Steely scales as by

A coat of male he remained un hurt Cadmus now tried his Lance and with more success for it pierced the side of the Beast who furious with pain sprang at his adversary when Cadmus leaping aside succeeded in fixing the point of his spear within his Jaws which final stroke

Put an end to the encounter while Cadmus stood surveying his vanquished foe palis aine appeared to him and commanded him to sew the teeth of the Dead dragon in the ground he obeyed and out of the furrows there arose a band of armed men who had once

Commenced to fight with each other until all except five were killed these last surviving Warriors made peace with each other and it was with their assistance that Cadmus now built the famous city of Thieves in later times the noblest Debon families proudly claimed their descent from these Mighty earthborne Warriors

Aries was furious with rage when he discovered that Cadmus had slain his dragon and would have killed him had not Zeus interfered and induced him to mitigate his punishment to that of servitude for the term of 8 years at the end of that time the God of War became

Reconciled to Cadmus and in token of his forgiveness bestowed upon him the hand of his daughter harmonia in marriage their nuptials were almost as celebrated as those of pus and fetus all the gods honored them with their presence and offered Rich gifts and congratulations Cadmus himself presented his lovely bride with a splendid

Necklace fashioned by hephestus which however after the death of harmonia always proved fatal to its possessor the children of Cadmus and harmonia were one son poorus and four daughters otono Eno semile and agavi for many years the founder of Thieves reigned happily but at length a conspiracy was formed

Against him and he was deprived of his throne by his grandson panthus accompanied by his faithful wife harmonia he retired into Alyria and after death they were both Changed by Zeus into serpents and transferred to eligium Perseus Perseus one of the most renowned of the Legendary Heroes of antiquity was

The son of Zeus and Dan daughter of acrus king of Argos an oracle having foretold to acrus that a son of Dan would be the cause of his death he imprisoned her in a tower of brass in order to keep her secluded from the world Zeus however descended

Through the roof of the tower in the form of a shower of gold and the lovely Dani became his bride for four years acrus remained in ignorance of this Union but one evening as he chanced to pass by the Brazen chamber he heard the Cry of a young child proceeding from

Within which led to the discovery of his daughter’s marriage with Zeus enraged at finding all his precautions un availing acrus commanded the mother and child to be placed in a chest and thrown into the sea but it was not the will of Zeus that they should perish he directed posidon

To calm the Troubled Waters and caused the chest to float safely to the island of sarus dictis brother of polyes King of the island was fishing on the seashore when he saw the chest stranded on the beach and pitying the helpless condition of its unhappy occupants he conducted

Them to the Palace of the king where they were treated with the greatest kindness polyes eventually became United to Dani and bestowed upon Perseus an education befitting a hero when he saw his stepson develop into a noble and manly youth he endeavored to instill into his mind a desire to signalize

Himself by the achievement of some great and heroic deed and after mature deliberation it was decided that the slaying of the Gorgon Medusa would bring him the greatest Renown for the successful accomplishment of his object it was necessary for him to be provided with a pair of winged sandals a magic

Wallet and a helmet of AIDS which rendered the wearer invisible all of which were in the keeping of the nymphs the place of whose Abode was known only to the grii Perseus started on his expedition and guided by Hermes and palis aine arrived after a long journey

In the far off region on the borders of oenus where dwelt the grii daughters of forces and cedo he at once applied to them for the necessary information and on their refusing to Grant it he deprived them of their single eyon tooth which he only restored to them when they

Gave him full directions with regard to his route he then proceeded to the Abode of the nymphs from whom he obtained the objects indispensable for his purpose equipped with the magic helmet and wallet and armed with a sickle the gift of Hermes he attached to his feet the

Winged sandals and flew to the Abode of the gorgens whom he found fast asleep now as Perseus had been warned by his Celestial guides that whoever looked upon these weird sisters would be transformed into stone he stood with averted face before the sleepers and caught on his bright metal shield their

Triple image then Guided by palis aine he cut off the head of the Medusa which he placed in his wallet no sooner had he done so than from The Headless trunk there sprang forth the wing Ste Pegasus and cryor the father of the wing giant

Jion he now hat to elude the pursuit of the two surviving sisters who aroused from their Slumbers eagerly rushed to avenge the death of their sister his invisible helmet and winged sandals here stood him in good stead for the former concealed him from the view of the gorgens whilst the latter bore him

Swiftly over land and sea far beyond the reach of pursuit in Passing Over The Burning Plains of Libya the drops of blood from the head of the Medusa oozed through the wallet and falling on the hot Sands below produced a brute root of many colored snakes which spread all

Over the country Perseus continued his flight until he reached the kingdom of atlas of whom he begged rest and shelter but as this King possessed a valuable Orchard in which every tree bore golden fruit he was fearful lest the Slayer of the Medusa might destroy the dragon

Which guarded it and then Rob him of his treasures he therefore refused to Grant the hospitality which the hero demanded whereupon Perseus exasperated at the chish pulse produced from his wallet the head of the Medusa and holding it towards the king transformed him into a Stony Mountain beard and hair erected

Themselves into forests shoulders hands and limbs became huge rocks and the head grew up into a craggy Peak which reached into the clouds Perseus then resumed his travels his winged sandals bore him over deserts and mountains until he arrived at Ethiopia the kingdom of King seuse here he found the country

Inundated with disastrous floods towns and Villages destroyed and everywhere signs of desolation and ruin on a projecting Cliff close to the shore he beheld a lovely Maiden chained to a rock this was Andromeda the King’s Daughter her mother copia having boasted that her beauty surpassed that of the nades the

Angry cimps appealed to posidon to avenge their wrongs whereupon the sea god devastated the country with a terrible inundation which brought with it a huge monster who devoured all that came in his way in their distress the unfortunate Ethiopians applied to the Oracle of Jupiter Ammon in the Libyan

Desert and obtained the response that only by the sacrifice of the King’s Daughter to the monster could the country and people be saved seuse who was tenderly attached to his child at first refused to listen to this Dreadful proposal but overcome at length by the prayers and solicitations of his unhappy

Subjects the heartbroken father gave up his child for the welfare of his country Andromeda was accordingly changed to a rock on the seashore to serve as a prey to the monster whilst her unhappy parents bewailed her sad Fate on the beach Below on being informed of the meaning of this tragic scene Perseus

Proposed to seuse to slay the dragon on condition that the lovely victim should become his bride Overjoyed at the prospect of andromeda’s release the king gladly exceeded to the stipulation and Perseus hastened to the Rock to breathe words of Hope and comfort to the trembling Maiden then assuming once more

The helmet of AIDS he mounted into the air and awaited the approach of the monster presently the sea opened and the shark’s head of the gigantic beast of the deep raised itself above the waves lashing his tail furiously from side to side he leaped forward to seize his

Victim but the Gallant hero watching his opportunity suddenly darted down and producing the head of the Medusa from his wallet held it before the eyes of the Dragon whose hideous body became gradually transformed into a huge black rock which remained forever A Silent Witness of the miraculous Deliverance of

Andromeda Perseus then led the maiden to her now happy parents who anxious to evince their gratitude to her deliverer ordered immediate preparations to be made for the nuptial feast but the young hero was not to bear away his lovely Bride uncontested for in the midst of the banquet

The king’s brother to whom Andromeda had previously been betrothed returned to claim his bride followed by a band of armed Warriors he forced his way into the hall and a desperate encounter took place between the rivals which might have terminated fatally for pereus had he not suddenly bethought himself of the

Medusa’s head calling to his friends to avert their faces he drew it from his wallet and held it before Phineas and his formidable bodyguard whereupon they all stiffened into stone Perseus now took leave of the Ethiopian King and accompanied by his beautiful bride returned to carapus where a joyful

Meeting took place between Dan and her son he then sent a messenger to his grandfather informing him that he intended returning to Argos but acrus fearing the Fulfillment of the oracular prediction fled for protection to his friend tmus king of Lissa anxious to induce the Aged Monarch

To return to Argos Perseus followed him thither but here a strange fatality occurred whilst taking part in some ferial Games celebrated in honor of the King’s father Perseus by an unfortunate throw of The discus accidentally struck his grandfather and thereby was the innocent cause of his death after celebrating the

Ferial rights of acrus with due solemnity Perseus returned to Argos but feeling loath to occupy the Throne of one whose death he had caused he exchanged kingdoms with megapen king of Tyran and in course of time founded the cities of meini in media the head of the Medusa he presented to his Divine

Patronus palis aine who placed it in the center of her Shield many great Heroes were descended from Perseus and Andromeda foremost among whom was Heracles whose mother almini was their granddaughter heroic honors were paid to Perseus not only throughout Argos but also at Athens and in the island of sarapas

Ion ion was the son of crusa the beautious daughter of erus king of Athens and the sun god febus Apollo to whom she was United without the knowledge of her father fearing the anger of erus creusa placed her newborn babe in a little wicker basket and hanging some golden charms round his

Neck invoked for him the protection of the Gods and concealed him in a lonely cave Apollo pitying his deserted child sent Hermes to convey him to Deli where he deposited his charge on the steps of the temple next morning the delic Priestess discovered the infant and was so Charmed by his engaging appearance

That she adopted him as her own son the young child was carefully tended and reared by his kind Foster mother and was brought up in the service of the temple where he was entrusted with some of the minor duties of the Holy edifice and now to return to crusa

During a war with the ubian in which the latter were signally defeated zuus son of Elis greatly distinguished himself on the side of the Athenians and as a reward for his valuable Services the hand of creusa the kingk daughter was bestowed upon him in marriage their Union however was not blessed with

Children and as this was a source of great grief to both of them they repaired to Delight in order to consult the Oracle the response was that zuus should regard the first person who met him on leaving the sanctuary as his son now it happened that ion the young

Guardian of the temple was the first to greet his View and when zuus beheld the beautiful youth he gladly welcomed him as his son declaring that the gods had sent him to be a blessing and comfort to his old age creusa however who concluded that the youth was The Offspring of a

Secret marriage on the part of her husband was filled with suspicion and jealousy when an old servant observing her grief begged her to be comforted assuring her that the cause of her distress should be speedily removed when upon the occasion of the public adoption of his son zuus gave a

Grand Banquet the old servant of creusa contrived to mix a strong poison in the wine of the unsuspecting ion but the youth according to the pious custom of the Ancients of offering a libation to the gods before partaking of any repast poured upon the ground a portion of the

Wine before putting it to his lips when suddenly as if by a miracle a dove flew into the banquet hall and sipped of the wine of the libation whereupon the poor little creature began to quiver in every limb and in a few moments expired ion’s suspicions at once fell upon the

Obsequious servant of crusa who with such officious attention had filled his cup he violently seized the old man and accused him of his murderous intentions unprepared for this sudden attack he admitted his guilt but pointed to the wife of zuus as the instigator of the crime ion was about to avenge

Himself upon creusa when by means of the divine intervention of Apollo his foster mother the delic Priestess appeared on the scene and explained the true relationship which existed between Kusa and ion in order to set all doubts at rest she produced the charms which she had found round the neck of the infant

And also the Wicker Basket in which he had been conveyed to Deli mother and son now became reconciled to each other and creusa revealed to a on the secret of his divine origin the Priestess of Deli foretold that he would become the father of a great nation called after him the

Ionians and also that zus and crusa would have a son called darus who would be the progenitor of the Dorian people both of which predictions were in due time verified Deus and Icarus Deus a descendant of erus was an Athenian architect sculptor and mechanician he was the first to

Introduced The Art of sculpture in its higher development for before his time statues were merely rude representations having the limbs altogether undefined but great as was his genius still greater was his vanity and he could Brook no rival now his nephew and pupil Talis exhibited great talent

Having invented both the saw and the compass and dius fearing lest he might overshadow his own Fame secretly killed him by throwing him down from the Citadel of Palace AE the murder being discovered dilus was summoned before the court of the areopagus and condemned to death but he

Made his escape to the island of creit where he was received by King minus in a manner worthy of his great reputation dilus constructed for the king the world-renown Labyrinth which was an immense building full of intricate passages intersecting each other in such a manner that even dilus

Himself is said upon one occasion to have nearly lost his way in it and it was in this building the king placed the minur monster with the head and shoulders of a bull and the body of a man in the course of time the great artist became weary of his long Exile

More especially as the king under the guise of friendship kept him almost a prisoner he therefore resolved to make his escape and for this purpose ingeniously contrived wings for himself and his young son Icarus whom he diligently trained how to use them having awaited a favorable opportunity Father and Son commenced their flight

And were well on their way when Icarus pleased with the novel sensation forgot altogether his father’s of repeated injunction not to approach too near the Sun the consequence was that the wax by means of which his wings were attached melted and he fell into the sea and was

Drowned the body of the unfortunate Icarus was washed up by the tide and was buried by the bereaved father on an island which he called after his son Iaria after this sad event Deus wing his flight to the island of Sicily where he met with a kind welcome from King calus

For whom he constructed several important public works but no sooner did minus receive the intelligence that his great architect had found an asylum with cacus than he sailed over to Sicily with a large army and sent Messengers to the Sicilian King demanding the surrender of his guest calus feigned compliance and

Invited minus to his Palace where he was treacherously put to death in a warm bath the body of their King was brought to agren by the cretans where it was buried with great pump and over his tomb a temple to Aphrodite was erected dilus passed the remainder of his life

Tranquilly in the island of Sicily where he occupied himself in the construction of various beautiful works of art the Argonauts ezen king of IUS was forced to fly from his dominions which had been usurped by his younger brother pus and with difficulty succeeded in saving the life of his young son Jason

Who was at that time only 10 years of age he entrusted him to the care of the centor chyon by whom he was carefully trained in company with other Noble youths who like himself afterwards signalized themselves by their bravery and heroic exploits for 10 years Jason remained in

The cave of the centur by whom he was instructed in all useful and warlike Arts but as he approached manhood he became filled with an unconquerable desire to regain his paternal inheritance he therefore took leave of his kind friend and preceptor and set out for Aus

To demand from his uncle pus the kingdom which he had so unjustly usurped in the course of his journey he came to a broad and foaming River on the banks of which he perceived an Old Woman Who implored him to help her across at first he hesitated knowing

That even alone he would find some difficulty in stemming the fierce torrent but pitying her for Lorn condition he raised her in his arms and succeeded with a great effort in reaching the opposite Shore but as soon as her feet had touched the Earth she became transformed into a beautiful

Woman who looking kindly at the bewildered youth informed him that she was the goddess heral and that she would henceforth guide and protect him throughout his career she then disappeared and full of Hope and courage at this Divine manifestation Jason pursued his journey he now perceived

That in crossing the river he had lost one of his sandals but as as it could not be recovered he was obliged to proceed without it on his arrival at IUS he found his uncle in the marketplace offering up a public sacrifice to posidon when the king had concluded his

Offering his eye fell upon the distinguished stranger whose manly Beauty and heroic bearing had already attracted the attention of his people observing that one foot was unshod he was reminded of an oracular prediction which foretold to him the loss of his kingdom by a man wearing only one sandal

He however disguised his fears conversed kindly with the youth and Drew from him his name and errand then pretending to be highly pleased with his nephew pus entertained him sumptuously for 5 days during which time all was festivity and rejoicing on the sixth Jason appeared before his uncle and with manly firmness

Demanded from him the throne and Kingdom which were his by right pus dissembling his true feelings smilingly consented to Grant his request provided that in return Jason would undertake an expedition for him which his Advanced age prevented him from accomplishing himself he informed his nephew that the

Shade of frus had appeared to him in his dreams and entreated him to bring back from culus his mortal remains and the Golden Fleece and added that if Jason succeeded in obtaining for him these sacred relics Throne Kingdom and scepter should be his story of the Golden

Fleece aamus king of biosa had married neph a cloud nymph and their children were Hela and frus the Restless and wandering nature of neph however soon wearied her husband who being Immortal had little sympathy with his ethereal consort so he divorced her and married the beautiful but Wicked

Eno sister of semile who hated her stepchildren and even planned their destruction but the watchful neph contrived to circumvent her cruel designs and succeed Ed in getting the children out of the palace she then placed them both on the back of a winged Ram with a fleece of pure gold which had

Been given to her by Hermes and on this wonderful animal brother and sister rode through the air over land and sea but on the way Hela becoming seized with giddiness fell into the Sea called after her the helis bant and was drowned frus arrived safely at culus where he was hospitably received

By King eats who gave him one of his daughters in marriage in gratitude to Zeus for the protection accorded him during his flight frus sacrificed to him the golden Ram whilst the fleece he presented to eats who nailed it up in the Grove of Aries and

Dedicated it to the God of War an oracle having declared that the life of eat depended on the safekeeping of the fleece he carefully guarded the entrance to the Grove by placing before it an immense Dragon which never slept building and launch of the Argo we will now return to Jason who eagerly

Undertook the perilous Expedition proposed to him by his uncle who well aware of the dangers attending such an Enterprise hoped by this means to rid himself forever of the unwelcome Intruder Jason accordingly began to arrange his plans without delay and invited the young Heroes whose friendship he had formed whilst under

The care of chyon to join him in the perilous Expedition none refused the invitation all feeling honored at being allowed the privilege of taking part in so Noble and heroic an undertaking Jason now applied to Argos one of the cleverest ship Builders of his time who under the guidance of Palace AE built

For him a splendid 50y Galley which was called the Argo after the Builder in the upper deck of the vessel the goddess had embedded a board from the speaking Oak of the Oracle of Zeus at dadona which ever retained its powers of Prophecy the exterior of the ship was ornamented with

Magnificent carvings and the whole vessel was so strongly built that it defied the power of the Wind winds and waves and was nevertheless so light that the heroes when necessary were able to carry it on their shoulders when the vessel was completed the Argonauts so-called after their ship assembled and their places were

Distributed by lot Jason was appointed commander-in-chief of the Expedition typhus acted as steersman lindus as pilot in the bow of the vessel sat the renowned hero Heracles in the stern pus father of Achilles and telmon the father of Ajax the great in the Inner Space were Castor and poock melus the father

Of Nester admetus the husband of alcestes meleager the Slayer of the Caledonian bore orus the renowned singer minoas the father of Petrus Theus afterwards king of Athens and his friend pythos the son of EX hilus the adopted son of Heracles euphemus the son of posidon o IUS father

Of Ajax the Lesser zets and C the wing sons of borus Mund The Seer the son of Apollo mopsus the thesan prophet and and before their departure Jason offered a solemn sacrifice to posidon and all the other CED deities he also invoked the protection of Zeus and the fates and

Then mops say having taken the augues and found them auspicious the heroes stepped on board and now favorable Breeze having sprung up they take their allotted places the anchor is weighed and the ship Glides like a bird out of the harbor into the Waters of the great sea arrival at

Lemnos the Argo with her brave crew of 50 Heroes was soon out of sight and the seab breeze only wafted to the shore a faint echo of the sweet strains of orus for a time all went smoothly but the vessel was soon driven by stress of

Weather to take refuge in a harbor in the island of lenos this island was inhabited by women only who the year before in a fit of mad jealousy had killed all the male population of the island with the exception of the father of their queen hipipo as the protection of their Island

Now devolved upon themselves they were always on the lookout for danger when therefore they cited the Argo from afar they armed themselves and rushed to the shore determined to repel any invasion of their territory on arriv ding in Port the Argonauts astonished at beholding an armed crowd of women dispatched a Herald

In one of their boats bearing the staff of peace and friendship hipipo the queen proposed that food and presents should be sent to the strangers in order to prevent their Landing but her old nurse who stood beside her suggested that this would be a good opportunity to provide

Themselves with Noble husbands who would act as their Defenders and thus put an end to their constant fears hipipo listened attentively to the advice of her nurse and after some consultation decided to invite The Strangers into the city robed in his purple mantle the gift of Palace aen Jason accompanied by some

Of his companions stepped on Shore where he was met by a deputation consisting of the most beautiful of the lemnian women and as commander of the expedition was invited into the Palace of the queen when he appeared before hipipo she was so struck with his Godlike and heroic presence that she

Presented him with her father’s scepter and invited him to seat himself on the throne beside her Jason thereupon took up his residence in the royal castle whilst his companions scattered themselves through the town spending their time in feasting and pleasure Heracles with a few chosen comrades

Alone remained on board from day to day their departure was delayed and the Argonauts in their new life of dissipation had almost forgotten the object of the Expedition when herac C suddenly appeared amongst them and at last recalled them to a sense of their Duty Giants and Doon dot the Argonauts

Now pursued their Voyage till contrary winds drove them towards an island inhabited by the dolom whose King cicus received them with great kindness and Hospitality the doons were descendants of posidon who protected them against the frequent attacks of their Fierce and formidable neighbors the earthborn Giants monsters with six arms whilst his

Comp companions were attending a banquet given by King cicus Heracles who as usual had remained behind to guard the ship observed that these Giants were busy blocking up the harbor with huge rocks he at once realized the danger and attacking them with his arrows succeeded in considerably thinning their numbers

Then assisted by the heroes who at length came to his Aid he effectually destroyed the remainder the Argo now steered out of the harbor and set sail but in consequence quence of a severe storm which arose at night was driven back once more to the shores of the kindly

Doons unfortunately however owing to the darkness of the night the inhabitants failed to recognize their former guests and mistaking them for enemies commenced to attack them those who had so recently parted as friends were now engaged in Mortal Combat and in the battle which ensued Jason himself pierced to the

Heart his friend King cicus whereupon the doons being deprived of their leader fled to their city and closed the gates when morning dawned and both sides perceived their error they were filled with the deepest sorrow and remorse and for 3 Days the heroes remained with the dolon celebrating the

Ferial rights of the slain with every demonstration of mourning and solemnity Heracles Left Behind the Argonauts once more set saale and after a stormy Voyage arrived at mishia where they were hospitably received by the inhabitants who spread before them plentiful Banquets and sumptuously regaled them while his friends were

Feasting Heracles who had declined to join them went into the forest to seek a fur tree which he required for an ore and was missed by his adopted son hus who set out to seek him when the youth arrived at a spring in the most secluded

Part of the forest the nymph of the fountain was so struck by his beauty that she Drew him down beneath the waters and he was seen no more hemus one of the heroes who happened to be also in the forest heard his cry for help and on meeting Heracles informed him of the

Circumstance they at once set out in search of the missing youth no traces of whom were to be found and whilst they were engaged looking for him the Argo set sail and left them behind the ship had proceeded some distance before the absence of Heracles was observed some of the heroes were in

Favor of returning for him others wished to proceed on their Journey when in the midst of of the dispute the sea god Glaucus arose from the waves and informed them that it was the will of Zeus that Heracles having another mission to perform should remain behind the Argonauts continued their Voyage without

Their companions Heracles returned to Argos whilst poopus remained with the mions where he founded a city and became its king contest with Amicus next morning the Argo touched at the country of the bishan whose King Amicus was a famous IST and permitted no strangers to leave his shores without

Matching their strength with his when the heroes therefore demanded permission to land they were informed that they could only do so provided that one of their number should engage in a boxing match with the King pox who was the best pugilist in Greece was selected as their

Champion and a contest took place which after a tremendous struggle proved fatal to Amicus who had hitherto been victorious in all similar encounters fin and the harpies they now proceeded towards bethenia where reigned the blind old Prophet King Phineas son of ainor Phineas had been punished by the

Gods with premature old age and blindness for having abused the gift of Prophecy he was also tormented by the harpies who swooped down upon his food which they either devoured or so defiled as to render it unfit to be eaten this poor old man trembling with the weakness

Of age and faint with Hunger appeared before the Argonauts and implored their assistance against his fish tormentors whereupon zets and C the winged sons of borus recognizing in him the husband of their sister Cleopatra affectionately embraced him and promised to rescue him from his painful position the heroes

Prepared a banquet on the seashore to which they invited Phineas but no sooner had he taken his place than the harpies appeared and devoured all the vians zets and Cay now rose up into the air drove the harpies away and were pursuing them with drawn swords when Iris the

Swift-footed messenger of the Gods appeared and desired them to desist from their work of Vengeance promising that Phineas should be no longer molested Freed at length from his tormenters the old man sat down and enjoyed a plentiful repast with his kind friends the Argonauts who now informed him of the object of their

Voyage in gratitude for his Deliverance Phineas gave them much useful information concerning their Journey and not only warned them of the manifold dangers awaiting them but also instructed them how they might be overcome passage of the simplees after a fortnight’s sojourn in bethenia the Argonauts once more set

Sail but had not proceeded far on their course when they heard a fearful and tremendous crash this was caused by the meeting of two great Rocky islands called the simplees which floated about in the sea and constantly met in separated before leaving bethenia the blind old Seer Phineas had informed them

That they would be compelled to pass between these terrible rocks and he instructed them how to do so with safety as they now approached the scene of danger they remembered his advice and acted upon it typhus the steersman stood at the helm whilst euphemus held in his

Hand a dove ready to be let loose for Phineas had told them that if the dove ventured to fly through they might safely follow euphemus now dispatched the bird which passed swiftly through the islands yet not without losing some of the feathers of her tail so speedily did they

Reunite seizing the moment when the Rocks once more separated the Argonauts worked at their ores with all their might and achieved the perilous passage in safety after the miraculous passage of the Argo the simplees became permanently United and attached to the Bottom of the Sea the stimits the Argo

Pursued her course along the southern coast of the pon and arrived at the island of arus which was inhabited by birds who as they flew through the air discharged from their wings feathers sharp as arrows as the ship was gliding along OAS was wounded by one of these birds

Whereupon the Argonauts held the counsel and by the advice of idamis an experienced hero all put on their helmets and held up their glittering Shields uttering at the same time such fearful cries that the birds flew away in Terror and the Argonauts were enabled to land with safety on the island here

They found four Shipwrecked youths who proved to be the sons of frus and were greeted by Jason as his cousins on ascertaining the object of the Expedition they volunteered to accompany the Argo and to show the heroes the way to culus they also informed them that the

Golden Fleece was guarded by a fearful dragon that King eats was extremely cruel and as the son of Apollo was possessed of superhuman strength arrival at caucus taking with them the four newcomers they journeyed on and soon came in sight of the snowcapped peaks of the Caucasus when towards evening the

Loud flapping of wings Was Heard overhead it was the Giant Eagle of Prometheus on his way to torture the noble and long-suffering Titan whose fearful groans soon afterwards fell upon their ears that night they reached their Journeys end and anchored in the smooth Waters of the river

Phases on the Left Bank of this River they beheld seuda the capital of culus and on their right a wide field and the sacred grove of Aries where the Golden Fleece suspended from a magnificent oak tree was glittering in the sun Jason now filled a golden cup with wine and

Offered a libation to Mother Earth the gods of the country and the shades of those of the heroes who had died on the voyage next morning a counil was held in which it was decided that before resorting to forcible measures kind and conciliatory over ures should first be

Made to King eats in order to induce him to resign the Golden Fleece it was arranged that Jason with a few chosen companions should proceed to the Royal Castle leaving the remainder of the crew to guard the Argo accompanied therefore by telmon and Aus and the four sons of

Frus he set out for the palace when they arrived in sight of the castle they were struck by the vastness and massiveness of the building at the entrance to which sparkling fountains played in in the midst of luxuriant and park-like Gardens here the King’s Daughters calape and media who were walking in the

Grounds of the palace met them the former to her great joy recognized in the youths who accompanied the hero her own long-lost Sons whom she had mourned as dead whilst the young and lovely media was struck with the noble and manly form of Jason the news of the

Return of the sons of Frist soon spread through the palace and brought eats himself to the scene whereupon The Strangers were presented to him and were invited to a banquet which the king ordered to be prepared in their honor all the most beautiful ladies of the Court were present at this entertainment

But in the eyes of Jason none could compare with the King’s Daughter the young and lovely media when the banquet was ended Jason related to the king his various adventures and also the object of his expedition with the circumstances which had led to his undertaking it eat listened in silent indignation to this

Recital and then burst out into a torrent of invectives against the Argonauts and his grandchildren declaring that the fleece was his rightful property and that on no consideration would he consent to relinquish it Jason however with mild and persuasive words contrived so far to conciliate him that he was induced to

Promise that if the heroes could succeed in demonstrating their divine origin by the performance of some task requiring superhuman power the fleece should be theirs the task proposed by eats to Jason was that he should Yoke the two Brazen footed fire breathing oxen of the king which had been made for him by

Hephestus to his ponderous iron plow having done this he must till with them the Stony field of Aries and then sew in the furrows the poisonous teeth of a dragon from which armed men would arise these he must destroy to a man or he himself would perish at their hands

When Jason heard what was expected of him his heart for a moment sank Within in him but he determined nevertheless not to Flinch from his task but to trust to the assistance of the Gods and to his own courage and energy Jason plows the field of Aries accompanied by his two

Friends telmon and Aus and also by Argus the son of calape Jason returned to the vessel for the purpose of holding a consultation as to the best means of accomplishing these perilous Feats Argus explained to Jason all the difficulties of the Superhuman task which which lay before him and pronounced it as his

Opinion that the only means by which success was possible was to enlist the assistance of the princess media who was a priestess of hecy and a great enchantress his suggestion meeting with approval he returned to the palace and by the aid of his mother an interview was arranged between Jason and midia

Which took place at an early hour next morning in the temple of hecy a confession of mutual attachment took place and media trembling for her lovers safety presented him with a magic salv which possessed the property of rendering any person Anointed with it invulnerable for the space of one day

Against fire and steel and Invincible against any adversary however powerful with this Salve she instructed him to anoint his Spear and shield on the day of his great undertaking she further added that when after having plowed the field and sewn the teeth armed men should arise from

The furrows he must on no account lose heart but remember to to throw among them a huge rock over the possession of which they would fight among themselves and their attention being thus diverted he would find it an easy task to destroy them overwhelmed with gratitude Jason

Thanked her in the most Earnest manner for her wise counsel And Timely Aid at the same time he offered her his hand and promised her he would not return to Greece without taking her with him as his wife next morning eats in all the pp of State surrounded by his family and

The members of his Court repaired to a spot when a full view of the approaching spectacle could be obtained soon Jason appeared in the field of Aries looking as Noble and Majestic as the God of War himself in a distant part of the field the Brazen yolks and the massive plow

Met his view but as yet The Dread animals themselves were nowhere to be seen he was about to go in quest of them when they suddenly rushed out from a Subterranean cave breathing flames of fire and enveloped in a thick smoke the friends of Jason trembled but the

Undaunted hero relying on the magic powers with which he was imbued by midia seized The Oxen one after the other by the horns and forced them to the Yol near the plow was a helmet full of Dragon Teeth which he sowed as he plowed the field whilst with sharp Pricks from

His Lance he compelled the Monstrous creatures to draw the plow over the Stony ground which was thus speedily tilled while Jason was engaged sowing the dragon’s teeth in the Deep fur of the field he kept a cautious Lookout lest the germinating giant brood might grow too quickly for him and as soon as

The four acres of land had been tilled he unyoked The Oxen and succeeded in frightening them so effectually with his weapons that they rushed back in Terror to their Subterranean Stables meanwhile armed men had sprung up out of the furrows and the whole field now bristled with lances but Jason remembering the

Instructions of media seized an immense Rock and hurled it into to the midst of these earthborn Warriors who immediately began to attack each other Jason then rushed furiously upon them and after a terrible struggle not one of the Giants remained alive furious at seeing his murderous schemes thus defeated eat not

Only perfidiously refused to give Jason the fleece which he had so bravely earned but in his anger determined to destroy all the Argonauts and to burn their vessel Jason secures the golden flee dot becoming aware of the Tre designs of her father midia at once took measures to baffle them in the darkness

Of night she went on board the Argo and warned the heroes of their approaching danger she then advised Jason to accompany her without loss of time to the sacred grove in order to possess himself of the long coveted treasure they set out together and midia followed

By Jason led the way and advanced boldly into the Grove the tall oak tree was soon discovered from the topmost bow of which hung the beautiful golden fleece at the foot of this tree keeping his ever wakeful watch lay the Dreadful Sleepless Dragon who at sight of them

Bounded forward opening his huge jaws midia now called into play her magic powers and quietly approaching the monster threw over him a few drops of a potion which soon took effect and sent him into a deep sleep whereupon Jason seizing the opportunity climbed the tree and secured the fleece then their

Perilous task being now accomplished Jason and midia quitted the Grove and hastened on board the Argo which immediately put to sea murder of absurdus meanwhile eats having discovered the loss of his daughter and the Golden Fleece dispatched a large Fleet under the command of his son absurdus in pursuit of the

Fugitives after some days sail they arrived at an island at the mouth of the river iser where they found the Argo at anchor and surrounded her with their numerous ships they then dispatched a Herald on board of her demanding the surrender of midia and the fleece midia now consulted Jason

And with his consent carried out the following stratagy she sent a message to her brother absurdus to the effect that she had been carried off against her will and promised that if he would meet her in the darkness of night in the temple of Artemis she would assist him in

Regaining possession of the Golden Fleece relying on the good faith of his sister absurdus fell into the snare and duly appeared at the appointed trting place and whilst midia kept her brother engaged in conversation Jason rushed forward and slew him then according to a preconcerted signal he held aoft a

Lighted torch where upon the Argonauts attacked the cians put them to flight and entirely defeated them the Argonauts now returned to their ship when the prophetic board from the doonan oak thus addressed them the cruel murder of absurdus was witnessed by the panes and you will not escape the wrath

Of Zeus until the goddess Cersei has purified you from your crime let Castor and Pollock pray to the gods that you may be enabled to find the Abode of the Sorceress in obedience to The Voice the twin brothers invoked Divine assistance and the heroes set out in search of the

Isle of Cersei they arrive at the island of cadot the Good Ship Argo sped on her way and after passing safely through the foaming Waters of the river iridis at length arrived in the harbor of the island of Cersei where she cast anchor commanding his companions to remain on

Board Jason landed with midia and conducted her to the Palace of the Sorceress the goddess of charms and Magic Arts received them kindly and invited them to be seated but instead of doing so they assumed a supplicating attitude and humbly besought her protection they then informed her of the

Dreadful crime which they had committed and implored her to purify them from it this Cersei promised to do she forth with commanded her attendant niads to Kindle the fire on the Altar and to prepare everything necessary for the performance of The Mystic rights after which a dog was sacrificed and the

Sacred cakes were burned having thus duly purified the criminals she severely reprimanded them for the horrible murder of which they had been guilty whereupon media with veiled head and weeping bitterly was reconducted by Jason to the Argo further ventures of The Argonaut do having left the island of Cersei they

Were wafted by gentle zeph towards the Abode of the sirens whose enticing strains soon fell upon their ears the Argonauts powerfully affected by the melody were making ready to land when orus perceived the danger and to the accompaniment of his magic liar commenced one of his enchanting songs which so completely absorbed his

Listeners that they passed the island in safety but not before Beauties one of their number lured by the seductive music of the sirens had sprung from The Vessel into the waves below Aphrodite however in pity for his youth landed him gently on the island of Lian before the

Sirens could reach him and there he remained for many years and now the Argonauts approached new dangers for on one side of them seated and foamed the whirlpool of caribdis whilst on the other towered the mighty Rock when the monster Sila swooped down upon unfortunate Mariners but here the goddess Hera came

To their assistance and sent to them the senim thetus who guided them safely through these dangerous Straits the Argo next arrived at the island of the feces where they were hospitably entertained by King elois and his Queen arate but the banquet prepared for them by their kind host was unexpectedly interrupted

By the appearance of a large army of cians sent by eats to demand the restoration of his daughter midia threw herself at the feet of the queen and implored her to save her from the anger of her father and theate in her kindness of heart promised her her

Protection next morning in an assembly of the people at which the cians were invited to be present the latter were informed that as media was the lawful wife of Jason they could not consent to deliver her up whereupon the cians seeing that the resolution of the King

Was not to be shaken and fearing to face the anger of eats should they return to culus without her sought permission of elois to settle in his kingdom which request was accorded them after these events the Argonauts once more set sail and steered for IUS but in the course of a terrible and

Fearful night a mighty storm arose and in the morning they found themselves stranded on the treacherous quicksands of CIS on the shores of Libya here all was a waste and Barren desert untenanted by any living creature save the venomous snakes which had sprung from the blood

Of the Medusa when born by Perseus over these arid Plains they had already passed several days in this Abode of desolation beneath the Rays of the scorching sun and had abandoned themselves to the deepest despair when the Libyan Queen who was a prophetess of divine origin appeared to Jason and

Informed him that a seahorse would be sent by the gods to act as his guide scarcely had she departed when a gigantic hippocamp was seen in the distance making its way towards the Argo Jason now related to his companions the particulars of his interview with the Libyan prophetess and after some

Deliberation it was decided to carry the Argo on their shoulders and to follow wherever the seahorse should lead them they then commenced a long and weary journey through the desert and at last after 12 days of severe toil and terrible Suffering The Welcome sight of the sea greeted their view in gratitude

For having been saved from their manifold dangers they offered up sacrifices to the gods and launched their ship once more into the deep Waters of the ocean arrival at creit with heartfelt joy and gladness they proceeded on their Homeward voyage and after some days arrived at the island of

Creit where they purposed to furnish themselves with fresh provisions and water their Landing however was opposed by a terrible giant who guarded the island against all Intruders this giant whose name was Talis was the last of the Brazen race and being formed of brass was invulnerable except in his right ankle

Where there was a senu of Flesh a vein of blood as he saw the Argon nearing the coast he hurled huge rocks at her which would inevitably have sunk The Vessel had not the crew beat a hasty Retreat although sadly in want of food and water the Argonauts had decided to proceed on

Their Journey rather than face so powerful an opponent when midia came forward and assured them that if they would trust to her she would destroy the giant enveloped in the folds of a rich purple mantle she stepped on deck and after invoking the aid of the Fates uttered a magic incantation which had

The effect of throwing Talis into a deep sleep he stretched himself at full length upon the ground and in doing so grazed his vulnerable ankle against the point of a Sharp Rock whereupon a mighty stream of blood gushed forth from the wound awakened by the pain he tried to

Rise but in vain and with a mighty groan of Anguish the giant fell dead and his enormous body rolled heavily over into the deep the heroes being now able to land provisioned their vessel after which they resumed their Homeward Voyage arrival at IUS after a terrible night of storm and

Darkness they passed the island of agena and at length reached in safety the port of IAS where the recital of their numerous adventures and ha breath escapes was listened to with wondering admiration by their fellow countrymen the Argo was consecrated to posidon and was carefully preserved for many generations till no

Vestage of it remained when it was placed in the Heavens as a brilliant constellation on his arrival at IUS Jason conducted his beautiful bride to the Palace of his uncle pelus taking with him the Golden Fleece for the sake of which this perilous Expedition had been undertaken but the Old King who had

Never expected that Jason would return alive basley refused to fulfill his part of the Compact and declined to abdicate the throne indignant at the wrongs of her husband midia Avenged them in a most shocking manner she made friends with the daughters of the king and feigned great interest in all their

Concerns having gained their confidence she informed them that among her numerous magic Arts she possessed the power of restoring to the agid all the Vigor and strength of Youth and in order to give them a convincing proof of the truth of her assertion she cut up an old

Ram which she boiled in a cauldron whereupon after uttering various Mystic incantations there came forth from the vessel a beautiful young lamb she then assured them that in a similar manner they could restore to their old father his former youthful frame and vigor the fond and credulous Daughters

Of pus lent an all too willing year to the wicked sorceress and thus the Old King perished at the hands of his innocent children death of Jason midia and Jason now fled to Corinth where at length they found for a Time peace and Tranquility their happiness being

Completed by the birth of three children as time passed on however and midia began to lose the beauty which had won the love of her husband he grew weary of her and became attracted by the youthful charms of glossi the beautiful daughter of Creon king of Corinth Jason had

Obtained her father’s consent to their Union and the wedding day was already fixed before he disclosed to midia the treachery which he meditated against her he used all his persuasive powers in order to induce her to consent to his Union with glossi assuring her that his

Affe had in no way diminished but that for the sake of the advantages which would thereby acre to their children he had decided on forming this alliance with the Royal house though justly enraged at his deceitful conduct midia dissembled her wrath and feigning to be satisfied with this explanation sent as

A wedding gift to her rival a magnificent robe of cloth of gold this robe was imbued with a deadly poison which penetrated to the Flesh and bone of the wearer and burned them as as though with a consuming fire pleased with the beauty and costliness of the Garment the unsuspecting glossy lost no

Time in Dawning it but no sooner had she done so than the fell poison began to take effect in vain she tried to tear the robe away it defied all efforts to be removed and after horrible and protracted sufferings she expired maddened at the loss of her husband’s

Love media next put to death her three sons and when Jason thirsting for Revenge left the Chamber of his dead bride and flew to his own house in search of media the ghastly spectacle of his murdered children met his view he rushed frantically to seek the murderous

But nowhere could she be found at length hearing a sound above his head he looked up and beheld midia gliding through the air in a golden Chariot drawn by dragons in a fit of Despair Jason threw himself on his own sword and perished on the threshold of his desolate and deserted home

Pelops pelops the son of the cruel Tantalus was a Pious and virtuous Prince after his father was banished into Tartarus a war ensued between pelops and the king of Troy in which the former was vanquished and forced to fly from his dominions in friia he immigrated into

Greece where at the court of enous king of Ellis he beheld hippodamia the King’s Daughter whose Beauty won his heart but an oracle having for told to enam that he would die on the day of his daughter’s marriage he threw every obstacle in the way of her suitors and

Declared that he would only give her to him who succeeded in vanquishing him in a chariot race but that all unsuccessful competitors should suffer death at his hands the conditions of the contest were as follows the race was to be run from a given point at Pisa to the altar of

Posidon at Corinth the sudor was allowed to start on his course whilst enous performed his sacrifice to Zeus and only on its completion did the King Mount his Chariot Guided by the skillful myus and drawn by his two famous horses fill and harpen who surpassed in swiftness the

Winds themselves in this manner many a gallant Young Prince had perished for although a considerable start was given to all competitors still enous with his Swift team always overtook them before they reached the goal and killed them with his spear but the love of pelops for hippodamia overcame all fears and

Undeterred by the terrible fate of his predecessors he announced himself to enam as a Suitor for the hand of his daughter on the eve of the race pelops repaired to the seashore and earnestly implored posidon to assist him in his perilous undertaking the sea god heard his prayer

And sent him out of the deep a chariot drawn by two winged horses when pelops appeared on the course the king at once recognized the horses of Poseidon but nothing daunted he relied on his own Supernatural team and the contest was allowed to proceed whilst the King was

Offering his sacrifice to Zeus pelops set out on the race and had nearly reached the goal when turning round he beheld enous spear in hand who with his magic steeds had nearly overtaken him but in this emergency posidon came to the aid of the son of Tantalus he caused the wheels of the

Royal Chariot to fly off whereupon the King was thrown out violently and killed on on the spot just as pelops arrived at the altar of posidon as the hero was about to return to Pisa to claim his bride he beheld in the distance Flames issuing from the

Royal castle which at that instant had been struck by lightning with his winged horses he flew to rescue his lovely bride and succeeded in extricating her uninjured from the burning building they soon afterwards became United and pelops reigned in Pisa for many years in great splendor Heracles Hercules Heracles the most renowned hero

Of antiquity was the son of Zeus and almini and the great-grandson of Perseus at the time of his birth almini was living at thieves with her husband amp fitrian and thus the infant Heracles was born in the Palace of his stepfather aware of the animosity with which Hera persecuted all those who

Rivaled her in the affections of Zeus Al Mei fearful lest this hatred should be visited on her innocent child in Trust trusted him soon after his birth to the care of a faithful servant with instructions to expose him in a certain field and their leave him feeling assured that the Divine offspring of

Zeus would not long remain without the protection of the Gods soon after the child had been thus abandoned Hera and palis aen happened to pass by the field and were attracted by its cries aen pityingly took up the infant in her arms and prevailed upon the Queen of Heaven

To put it to her breast but no sooner had she done so than the child causing her pain she angrily threw him to the ground and left the spot Athen moved with compassion carried him to almin and intreated her kind offices on behalf of the poor little foundling almin at once recognized her

Child and joyfully accepted the charge soon afterwards Hera to her extreme annoyance discovered whom she had nursed and became filled with jealous rage she now sent two venomous snakes into the Chamber of almen which crept unperceived by the nurses to the Cradle of the sleeping child he awoke with a cry and

Grasping a snake in each hand strangled them both almen and her attendance Whom The Cry of the child had awakened rushed to the Cradle where to their astonishment and Terror they beheld the two reptiles dead in the hands of the infant Heracles amphitryon was also attracted

To the chamber by the commotion and when he beheld this astounding proof of Supernatural strength he declared that the child must have been sent to him as a special gift from Zeus he accordingly consulted the famous Seer tyresius who now informed him of the divine origin of

His stepson and prognosticated for him a great and distinguished future when amp fitrian heard the noble Destiny which awaited the child entrusted to his care he resolved to educate him in a manner worthy of his future career at a suitable age he himself taught him how

How to guide a chariot uritus how to handle the bow autolus dexterity in wrestling and boxing and Castor the art of armed Warfare whilst lius the son of Apollo instructed him in music and letters Heracles was an apt pupil but undue harshness was intolerable to his

High Spirit an old lonus who was not the gentlest of teachers one day corrected him with blows whereupon the boy angrily took up his liar and with one stroke of his powerful arm killed his tutor on the spot apprehensive lest The ungovernable Temper of the youth might again involve

Him in similar acts of violence and fitry and sent him into the country where he placed him under the charge of one of his most trusted herdsmen here as he grew up to manhood his extraordinary stature and strength became the Wonder and admiration of all beholders his aim whether with spear

Lance or bow was uniring and at the age of 18 he was considered to be the strongest as well as the most beautiful youth in all Greece the choice of Heracles Heracles felt that the time had now arrived when it became necessary to decide for himself how to make use of

The extraordinary powers with which he had been endowed by the gods and in order to meditate in solitude on this all-important subject he repaired to a lonely and secluded spot in the heart of the forest here two females of great Beauty appeared to him one was vice the

Other virtue the former was full of artificial ws and fascinating Arts her face painted and her dress Gody and attractive whilst the latter was of noble bearing and modest mean her Robes of spotless Purity Vice stepped forward and thus addressed him if you will walk

In my paths and make me your friend your life shall be one round of pleasure and enjoyment you shall taste of every Delight which can be procured on earth the choicest viin the most delicious wines the most luxuriant of couches shall be ever at your disposal and all

This without any exertion on your part either physical or mental virtue now spoke in her turn if you will follow me and be my friend I promise you the reward of a good conscience and the love and respect of your fellow men I cannot undertake to smooth your path with roses

Or to give you a life of idleness and pleasure for you must know that the gods Grant no good and desirable thing that is not earned by labor and as you sow so must you reap Heracles listened patiently and attentively to both speakers and then after mature deliberation decided to follow in the

Paths of virtue and henceforth to honor the gods and to devote his life to the service of his country full of these Noble resolves he sought once more his rural home where he was informed that on Mount cin at the foot of which the herds of amphitryon were grazing a ferocious

Lion had fixed his lair and was committing such frightful ravages among the flocks and herds that he had become the scourge and Terror of the whole neighborhood Heracles at once armed himself and ascended the mountain where he soon caught sight of the lion and rushing at him with his sword succeeded

In killing him the hide of the animal he wore ever afterwards over his shoulders and the head served him as a helmet as he was returning from this his first exploit he met the Heralds of Uranus King of the minions who were proceeding to thieves to and their annual tribute

Of 100 oxen indignant at this humiliation of his native City Heracles mutilated the Heralds and sent them back with ropes round their necks to their royal master Uranus was so incensed at the ill treatment of his Messengers that he collected an army and appeared before the gates of Thieves demanding the surrender of

Heracles cron who was at this time King of Thieves fearing the consequences of a refusal was about to yield when the hero with the assist assistance of amphitryon and a band of Brave youths Advanced against the minions Heracles took possession of a narrow defile through which the enemy

Were compelled to pass and as they entered the past the thians fell upon them killed their King Urus and completely routed them in this engagement amphitryon the kind friend and Foster father of Heracles lost his life the hero now Advanced upon or comminus the capital of the minions

Where he burned the royal castle and sacked the town after this signal Victory all Greece rang with the fame of the young hero and cron in gratitude for his great Services bestowed upon him his daughter Meara in marriage The Olympian gods testified their appreciation of his Valor by

Sending him pres Hermes gave him a sword febus Apollo a bundle of arrows hephestus a golden quiver and Athena coat of leather Heracles and Urus and now it will be necessary to retrace our steps just before the birth of Heracles Zeus in an assembly of the Gods exultingly

Declared that the child who should be born on that day to the house of Perseus should rule over all his race when Hera heard her Lord’s boastful announcement she knew well that it was for the child of the hated almini that This brilliant Destiny was designed and in order to rob

The son of her rival of his rights she called to her Aid the goddess ithia who [ __ ] the birth of Heracles and caused his cousin Urus another grandson of Perseus to precede him into the world and thus as the word of the mighty Zeus was irrevocable Heracles became the subject and servant

Of his cousin Urus when after his Splendid victory over Uranus the fame of Heracles spread throughout Greece uthus who had become king of meini jealous of the reputation of the young hero asserted his rights and commanded him to undertake for him various difficult tasks but the proud

Spirit of the hero rebelled against this humiliation and he was about to refuse compliance when Zeus appeared to him and desired him not to rebel against the fates Heracles now repaired to Delight in order to consult the Oracle and received the answer that after performing 10 tasks for his cousin ursus

His servitude would be at an end soon afterwards Heracles fell into a state of the deepest Melancholy and through the influence of his inveterate enemy the goddess Hera this desp he developed into raving Madness in which condition he killed his own children when he at length regained his reason he was so

Horrified and grieved at what he had done that he shut himself up in his chamber and avoided all intercourse with men but in his loneliness and seclusion the conviction that work would be the best means of procuring Oblivion of the past decided him to enter without delay upon the tasks appointed him by

Uthus one the nimian lion his first task was to bring to uthus the skin of the much-dreaded nimian lion which ravaged the Territory between Cleon and nemia and whose hide was invulnerable against any mortal weapon Heracles proceeded to the forest of nemia where having discovered the Lion’s Lair he attempted

To pierce him with his arrows but finding these of no avail he fell him to the ground with his club and before the animal had time to recover from the terrible blow Heracles seized him by the neck and with a mighty effort succeeded in strangling him he then made himself a

Coat of male of the skin and a new helmet of the head of the animal thus attired he so alarmed uthus by appearing suddenly before him that the king concealed himself in his Palace and henceforth forbade Heracles to enter his presence but commanded him to receive his behests for the future through his

Messenger caprius two the hydr do his second task was to slay the Hydra a monster serpent The Offspring of Typhon and a kidna bristling with nine heads one of which was Immortal this monster infested the neighborhood of LNA where she committed great depredations among the herds Heracles accompanied by his nephew IUS

Set out in a chariot for the marsh of lunna in the slimy Waters of which he found her he commenced the attack by assailing her with his Fierce arrows in order to force her to leave her Lair from which she at length emerged and sought Refuge in a wood on a neighboring

Hill Heracles now rushed forward and endeavored to crush her heads by means of well-directed blows from his tremendous Club but no sooner was one head destroyed than it was immediately replaced by two others he next sees the monster in his powerful grasp but at this juncture a giant crab came to the

Assistance of the Hydra and commenced biting the feet of her assailant Heracles destroyed this new adversary with his club and now called upon his nephew to come to his Aid at his command IUS Set Fire to the neighboring trees and with a burning Branch seared the necks of the monster

As Heracles cut them off thus effectually preventing the growth of more Heracles next struck off the immortal head which he buried by the roadside and placed over it a heavy Stone into the poisonous blood of the monster he then dipped his arrows whichever afterwards rendered wounds inflicted by them

Incurable three the horned mind the third labor of Heracles was to bring the horned hind serenius alive to meini this animal which was sacred to Artemis had golden adlers and hoofs of brass not wishing to wound the hind Heracles patiently pursued her through many countries for a whole year and

Overtook her at last on the banks of the river leaden but even there he was compelled in order to secure her to wound her with one of his arrows after which he lifted her on his shoulders and carried her through Arcadia on his way he met Artemis with her

Brother Feebas Apollo when the goddess angrily reproved him for wounding her favorite hind but hericles succeeded in appeasing her displeasure whereupon she permitted him to take the animal alive to minini four the Aram Manion bore dot the fourth task imposed upon Heracles by uthus was to bring alive to meini the

Arom Manion bore which had laid waste the region of aramanche and was the scourge of the surrounding neighborhood on his way thither he craved food and shelter of a centor named folus who received him with generous Hospitality setting before him a good and plentiful repast when Heracles expressed his

Surprise that it such a well-furnished board wine should be wanting his host explained that the wine seller was the common property of all the centur and that it was against the rules for a cask to be broached except all were present to partake of it by Dent of persuasion

However Heracles prevailed on his kind host to make an exception in his favor but the powerful luscious odor of the good old wine soon spread over the mountains and brought large numbers of centur to the spot all armed with huge rocks and fur trees Heracles drove them

Back with fire Brands and then following up his victory pursued them with his arrows as far as Malia where they took refuge in the cave of the kind old Centra chyan unfortunately however as Heracles was shooting at them with his poison darts one of these pierced the knee of chyon when Heracles discovered

That it was the friend of his early days that he had wounded he was overcome with sorrow and regret he at once extracted the arrow and anointed the wound with a salv the virtue of which had been taught him by chyon himself but all his efforts were unavailing the wound imbued with the

Deadly poison of the Hydra was incurable and so great was the agony of chyon that at the intercession of Heracles death was sent him by the gods for otherwise being Immortal he would have been doomed to endless suffering folus who had so kindly entertained Heracles also

Perished by means of one of these arrows which he had extracted from the body of a dead centor while he was quietly examining it astonished that so small and insignificant an object should be productive of such serious results the arrow fell upon his foot and fatally

Wounded him full of grief at this UNT event Heracles buried him with due honors and then set out to chase the boar with loud shouts and terrible cries he first drove him out of the thickets into the deep snow drifts which covered the summit of the mountain and then

Having at length wearied him with his incessant Pursuit he captured the exhausted animal bound him with a rope and brought him alive to meini five cleansing The Stables of aus dot after slaying the Aram Manion bore yisus commanded Heracles to cleanse in one day The Stables of

Aus Aus was a king of Ellis who was very rich in herds 3,000 of his cattle he kept near the Royal Palace in an enclosure where the refuse had accumulated for many years when Heracles presented himself before the king and offered to cleanse his stables in one

Day provided he should receive in return a tenth part of the herds Aus thinking the feat impossible accepted his offer in the presence of his son filus near the palace were the two rivers pineus and alfus the streams of which Heracles conducted into the Stables by means of a

Trench which he dug for this purpose and as the waters rushed through the shed they Swept Away with them the whole mass of accumulated filth but when Aus heard that this was one of the labors imposed by uthus he refused the promised gir Heracles brought the matter before a

Court and called filus as a witness to the justice of his claim whereupon a IUS without waiting for the delivery of the verdict angrily banished Heracles and his son from his dominions six the stimits dot the sixth task was to chase away the stimits which were immense Birds of Prey who as we

Have seen in the legend of the Argonauts shot from their wings feathers sharp as arrows the home of these birds was on the shore of the lake stimis in Arcadia after which they were called where they caused Great destruction among men and cattle on approaching the lake Heracles

Observed great numbers of them and while hesitating how to commence the attack he suddenly felt a hand on his shoulder looking round he beheld The Majestic form of palis AE who held in her hand a gigantic pair of brazen clappers made by hephestus with which she presented him

Whereupon he ascended to the summit of a neighboring Hill and commence to Rattle them violently the shrill noise of these instruments was so int toble to the birds that they Rose into the air in Terror upon which he aimed at them with his arrows destroying them in great

Numbers whilst such as escaped his darts flew away never to return seven the Creon bulldot the seventh labor of Heracles was to capture the Creon bull minus king of creit having vowed to sacrifice to posidon any animal which should first appear out of the sea the god caused a magnificent bull to emerge

From the waves in order to test the sincerity of the creedon King who in making this vow had alleged that he possessed no animal among his own herds worthy the acceptance of the Mighty Sea God Charmed with the splendid animal sent by posidon and eager to possess it

Minus placed it among his herds and substituted as a sacrifice one of his own Bulls hereupon posidon in order to punish the cupidity of minus caused the animal to become mad and commit such great havoc in the island as to endanger the safety of of the inhabitants when Heracles therefore

Arrived in creit for the purpose of capturing the bull minus far from opposing his design gladly gave him permission to do so the hero not only succeeded in securing the animal but tamed him so effectually that he rode on his back right across the sea as far as the

Pelonis he now delivered him up to uthus who had once set him at Liberty after which he became as ferocious and wild as before roamed all over Greece into to Arcadia and was eventually killed by Theus on the plains of marathon 8 the mahz of diamides dot the

Eighth labor of Heracles was to bring to uthus the mahz of diamides a son of Aries and King of the bostonians a warlike thian tribe this King possessed a breed of wild horses of tremendous size and strength whose food consisted of human flesh and all strangers who had

The misfortune to enter the country were made prisoners and flung before the horses who devoured them when Heracles arrived he first captured the cruel diamides himself and then threw him before his own mahz who after devouring their Master became perfectly tame and tractable they were then led by Heracles

To the seashore when the bostonians enraged at the loss of their King rushed after the hero and attacked him he now gave the animals in charge of his friend abdas and made such a furious Onslaught on his assailants that they turned and fled but on his return from this encounter he

Found to his great grief that the mahz had torn his friend in pieces and devoured him after celebrating due ferial rights to the unfortunate abdas Heracles built a city in his honor which he named after him he then returned to Tyran where he delivered up the MZ to

Uthus who set them loose on Mount Olympus where they became the prey of wild beasts it was after the performance of this task that Heracles joined the Argonauts in their expedition ition to gain possession of the Golden Fleece and was left behind at Kos as already narrated during his wanderings he

Undertook his ninth labor which was to bring to uthus the girdle of hippolyte Queen of the Amazons nine the girdle of hippolite the Amazons who dwelt on the shores of the Black Sea near the river Thermon were a nation of warlike women renowned for their strength courage and great skill in

Horsemanship their Queen hippol had received from her father Aries a beautiful girdle which she always wore as a sign of her royal power and authority and it was this girdle which Heracles was required to place in the hands of uthus who designed it as a gift for his

Daughter admi foreseeing that this would be a task of No Ordinary difficulty the hero called to his Aid a select band of Brave companions with whom he embarked for the Amazonian town theis here they were met by Queen hippolyte who was so impressed by the extraordinary stature and noble bearing

Of Heracles that on learning his errand she at once consented to present him with the coveted girdle but Hera his implacable enemy assuming the form of an Amazon spread the report in the town that a stranger was about to carry off their Queen the Amazons at once flew to

Arms and mounted their horses whereupon a battle ensued in which many of their bravest warriors were killed or wounded among the latter was their most skill leader melany whom Heracles afterwards restored to hippolyte receiving the girdle in exchange on his voyage home the hero stopped at Troy where a new adventure

Awaited him during the time that Apollo and posidon were condemned by Zeus to a temporary servitude on Earth they built for King lamdan the famous walls of Troy afterward so renowned in history but when their work was completed the king treacherously refused to give them the reward due to them the incent deities

Now combined to punish the offender Apollo sent a pestilence which decimated the people and posiden a flood which bore with it a marine monster who swallowed in his huge Jaws all that came within his reach in his distress lamdon consulted an Oracle and was informed that only by the sacrifice of his own

Daughter H could the anger of the Gods be appeased yielding at length to the Urgent appeals of his people he consented to make the sacrifice and on the arrival of herac pleased the maiden was already chained to a rock in Readiness to be devoured by the monster when lamdon beheld the renowned hero

Whose marvelous Feats of strength and courage had become the Wonder and admiration of all mankind he earnestly implored him to save his daughter from her impending fate and to rid the country of the monster holding out to him as a reward the horses which Zeus had presented to his grandfather Tross

In compensation for robbing him of his son gamed Heracles unhesitatingly accepted the offer and when the monster appeared opening his terrible Jaws to receive his prey the hero sword in hand attacked and slew him but the perfidious Monarch once more broke faith and Heracles vowing future Vengeance departed for meini where he presented

The girdle to Urus 10 The Oxen of Jans the 10th labor of Heracles was the capture of The Magnificent oxen belonging to the giant Jiran or Jans who dwelt on the island of arthia in the Bay of gatria cadis this giant who was the son of cryor had three bodies with three heads

Six hands and six feet he possessed a herd of Splendid cattle which were famous for their size Beauty and Rich red color they were guarded by another giant named urish and a two-headed dog called orthis The Offspring of Typhon and a kidna in choosing for him a task

So replete with danger uthus was in hopes that he might rid him himself forever of his hated cousin but the indomitable courage of the hero rose with the prospect of this difficult and dangerous undertaking after a long and wearisome journey he at last arrived at the western coast of Africa where as a

Monument of his perilous Expedition he erected the famous pillars of Hercules one of which he placed on each side of The Straits of Gibralter here he found the intense heat so insufferable that he angrily raised his bow towards heaven and threatened to shoot the sun god but Helios far from being incensed at

His audacity was so struck with admiration at his daring that he lent to him the golden boat with which he accomplished his nocturnal Transit from west to east and thus Heracles crossed over safely to the island of arthia no sooner had he landed than uish accompanied by his Savage dog orthis

Fiercely attacked him but Heracles with a superhuman effort slew the dog and then his master hereupon he collected the her bir and was proceeding to the seashore when gians himself met him and a desperate encounter took place in which the giant perished Heracles then drove the cattle into the sea and

Seizing one of the oxen by the horns swam with them over to the opposite coast of Iberia Spain then driving his magnificent prize before him through Gaul Italy Alyria and thce he at length arrived after many perilous adventures and ha bre escapes at meini where he delivered them up to you istus who

Sacrificed them to Hero Heracles had now executed his 10 tasks which had been accomplished in the space of 8 years but Urus refused to include the slaying of the Hydra and the cleansing of the Stables of aus among the number alleging as a reason that the one had been

Performed by the assistance of IUS and that the other had been executed for high he therefore insisted on Heracles substituting two more labors in their place 11 the apples of the Hesperides the 11th task imposed by uthus was to bring him the golden apples of the Hesperides which grew on a tree

Presented by Gia to Hera on the occasion of her marriage with Zeus this sacred tree was guarded by four maidens Daughters of Knight called the Hesperides who were assisted in their task by a terrible hundred- headed dragon this Dragon never slept and out of its 100 throats came a constant

Hissing sound which effectually warned off all intrud ERS but what rendered the undertaking still more difficult was the complete ignorance of the hero as to the locality of the garden and he was forced in consequence to make many fruitless Journeys and to undergo many trials before he could find it he first

Traveled through thessaly and arrived at the river aedas where he met the giant sickness the son of Aries and Pyne Who challenged him to single combat in this encounter Heracles completely vanquished his opponent who was killed in the contest but now a mightier adversary appeared on

The scene for the war God himself came to avenge his son a terrible struggle ensued which had lasted some time when Zeus interfered between the brothers and put an end to The Strife by hurling a thunderbolt between them Heracles proceeded on his journey and reached the banks of the river aridis where dwelt

The nymphs Daughters of Zeus and themus on seeking advice from them as to his route they directed him to the old sea god near who alone knew the way to the Garden of the Hesperides Heracles found him asleep and seizing the opportunity held him so firmly in his powerful grasp that he

Could not possibly Escape so that not withstanding his various Metamorphoses he was at last compelled to give the information required the hero then crossed over to Libya where he engaged in a wrestling match with King antios son of posidon and Gia which terminated fatally for his antagonist from then he proceeded to

Egypt where reigned basus another Son Of posidon Who acting on the advice given by an oracle during a time of great scarcity sacrificed all strangers to Zeus when Heracles arrived he was seized and dragged to the altar but the powerful demigod burst asunder his bonds and then slew basis and his son resuming

His journey he now wandered on through Arabia until he arrived at Mount Caucasus where Prometheus groaned in unceasing agony it was at this time that Heracles as already related shot the eagle which had so long tortured the noble and devoted friend of mankind full of gratitude for his Deliverance Prometheus instructed him

How to find his way to that remote region in the Far West where Atlas supported the heavens on his shoulders near which lay the garden of the Hesperides he also warned Heracles not to attempt to secure the precious fruit himself but to assume for a Time the

Duties of Atlas and to dispatch him for the apples on arriving at his destination Heracles followed the advice of Prometheus Atlas who willingly entered into the arrangement contrived to put the dragon to sleep and then having cunningly outwitted the Hesperides carried off three of the golden apples which he now brought to

Heracles but when the latter was prepared to relinquish his burden Atlas having once tasted the Delights of Freedom declined to resume his post and announced his intention of being himself the bearer of the apples to you were leaving Heracles to fill his place to this proposal the hero feigned Ascent

Merely begging that Atlas would be kind enough to support the heavens for a few moments whilst he contrived a pad for his head Atlas good-naturedly threw down the apples and once more resumed his load upon which Heracles bade him Ado and departed when Heracles conveyed the golden apples to uthus the latter

Presented them to the hero whereupon Heracles placed the sacred fruit on the alar of palis aen who restored them to the Garden of the Hesperides 12 Cerberus the 12th and last Labor which uthus imposed on Heracles was to bring up Cerberus from the lower World believing that all his heroic Powers

Would be unavailing in the realm of Shades and that in this his last and most perilous undertaking the hero must at length succumb and perish Cerberus was a monster dog with three heads out of whose awful Jaws dripped poison the hair of his head and back was formed of

Venomous snakes and his body terminated in the tail of a dragon after being initiated into the lusinan Mysteries and obtaining from the priest certain information necessary for the accomplishment of his task Heracles set out for tinam in lolia where there was an opening which led to the underworld conducted by Hermes he

Commenced his descent into the awful Gulf where myriads of Shades soon began to appear all of whom fled in Terror at his approach meager and Medusa alone accepted about to strike the ladder with his sword Hermes interfered and stayed his hand reminding him that she was but

A shadow and that consequently no weapon could Avail against her arrived before the gates of Hades he found Theus and pythos who had been fixed to an Enchanted Rock by aids for their presumption in endeavoring to carry off pranie when they saw Heracles they implored him to set them free the hero

Succeeded in delivering Theus but when he endeavored to liberate perthus the Earth shook so violently beneath him that he was compelled to relinquish his task proceeding further Heracles recognized escalopas who as we have seen in the history of demer had revealed the fact that pranie had swallowed the seeds

Of a pomegranate offered to her by her husband which bound her to AIDS forever escalopas was groaning beneath a huge Rock which deer in her anger had hurled upon him and which Heracles now removed releasing the sufferer before the gates of his Palace stood AIDS the mighty

Ruler of the lower world and barred his entrance but Heracles aiming at him with one of his uniring darts shot him in the shoulder so that for the first time the god experienced the agony of mortal suffering Heracles then demanded of him permission to take Cerberus to the upper

World and to this AIDS consented on condition that he should secure him unarmed protected by his breastplate and lion skin herac went in search of the monster whom he found at the mouth of the river acaron undismayed by the Hideous barking which proceeded from his three heads he

Seized the throat with one hand and the legs with the other and although the dragon which served him as a tail bit him severely he did not relinquish his grasp in this manner he conducted him to the upper world through an opening near treason in arolia when uthus beheld Cerberus he

Stood aast and despairing of ever getting rid of his hated rival he returned the hellhound to the hero who restored him to AIDS and with this last task the subjection of Heracles to Uris theist terminated murder of idus dot free at last Heracles now returned to thieves

And it being impossible for him to live happily with mear in consequence of his having murdered her children he with her own consent gave her in marriage to his nephew IUS Heracles himself sought the hand of ioli daughter of Urus King Of ealia Who had instructed him when a boy in the use

Of the bow hearing that this King had promised to give his daughter to him who could surpass himself and his three sons in shooting with the bow Heracles lost no time in presenting himself as a competitor he soon proved that he was no unworthy pupil of Urus for he signally

Defeated all his opponents but although the king treated him with marked respect and honor he refused nevertheless to give him the hand of his daughter fearing for her a similar fate to that which had befallen megar idus the eldest son of Urus alone espoused the cause of Heracles and essayed to induce his

Father to give his consent to the marriage but all to no purpose and at length stung to the quick at his rejection the hero angrily took his departure soon afterwards The Oxen of the king were stolen by the notorious thief autolus and Heracles was suspected by Urus of having committed the theft

But idus loyally defended his absent friend and proposed to seek out Heracles and with his assistance to go in search of the missing cattle the hero warmly welcomed his staunch young friend and entered cordially into his plan they at once set out on their expedition but their search proved altogether

Unsuccessful when they approached the city of Tyran they mounted a tower in hopes of discovering the missing herd in the surrounding country but as they stood on the topmost summit of the building Heracles became suddenly seized with one of his former attacks of M Madness and mistaking his friend idus

For an enemy hurled him down into the plane below and he was killed on the spot Heracles Now set forth on a weary pilgrimage begging in vain that someone would purify him from the murder of idus it was during these wanderings that he arrived at the palace of his friend

Admus whose beautiful and heroic wife alcestes He restored to her husband after a terrible struggle with death as already related soon after this event Heracles was struck with a fearful disease and betook himself to the Temple of Deli hoping to obtain from the Oracle the means of relief the Priestess

However refused him a response on the ground of his having murdered idus whereupon the angry hero seized upon the tripod which he carried off declaring that he would construct an oracle for himself Apollo who witnessed the sacrilege came down to defend his sanctuary and a violent struggle ensued

Zeus once more interfered and flashing his Lightnings between his two favorite Sons ended the combat the pythia now vouch safed an answer to the prayer of the hero and commanded him in experation of his crime to allow himself to be sold by Hermes for 3 years as a slave the

Purchase money to be given to Urus in compensation for the loss of his son Heracles becomes the slave of amilly dot Heracles bowed in submission to the Divine will and was conducted by Hermes to amoli queen of Lydia the three talents which she paid for him were

Given to Urus who however declined to accept the money which was handed over to the children of idus Heracles now regained his former Vigor he rid the territory of omul of the robbers which infested it and performed for her various other services requiring strength and courage it was

About this time that he took part in the Caledonian boore hunt details of which have already been given when on ful learned that her slave was none other than the renowned Heracles himself she had once gave him his Liberty and offered him her hand and Kingdom in her

Palace Heracles abandoned himself to all the inating luxuries of an oriental life and so completely was the Great Hero enthralled by the fascination which his mistress exercised over him that whilst she playfully dawned his lion skin and helmet he attired in female garments sat at her feet spinning wool and beguiling

The time by the relation of his past Adventures but when at length his term of bondage having expired he became master of his own actions the manly and energetic Spirit of the hero reasserted itself and tearing himself away from the Palace of the meian queen he determined

To carry out the Revenge he had so long meditated against the treacherous lamdan and the faithless Aus Heracles executes Vengeance on lamdan and Aus gathering around him some of his old Brave companions in arms Heracles collected a fleet of vessels and set sail for Troy where he landed took the

City by storm and killed lamdon who thus met at length the retribution he had so richly deserved to telon one of his bravest followers he gave hision the daughter of the king in marriage when Heracles gave her permission to release one of the prisoners of War she chose her own

Brother podarcis whereupon she was informed that as he was already a prisoner of war she would be compelled to rent om him on hearing this hision took off her golden diadem which she joyfully handed to the hero owing to this circumstance podaras henceforth bore the name of priamus or pram which

Signifies the ransomed one Heracles now marched against Aus to execute his Vengeance on him also for his perfidious conduct he stormed the city of Ellis and put to death Aus and his sons sparing only his Brave Advocate and staunch defender filus on whom he bestowed the vacant Throne of his father Heracles and

Dianira Heracles now proceeded to cadon where he woed the beautiful dianira daughter of enus king of eolia but he encountered a formidable rival in ailis the river god and it was agreed that their claims should be decided by single combat trusting to his power of assuming various forms at will achillus felt

Confident of success but this availed him nothing for having at last transformed himself into a bull his mighty adversary broke off one of his horns and compelled him to acknowledge himself defeated after passing three happy years with dianira an unfortunate accident occurred which for a time marred their

Felicity Heracles was One Day present at a banquet given by enus when by a sudden swing of his hand he had The Misfortune to strike on the head a youth of noble birth who according to the custom of the Ancients was serving the guests at table

And so violent was the blow that it caused his death the father of the unfortunate youth who had witnessed the occurrence saw that it was the result of accident and therefore absolved the hero from blame but Heracles resolved to act according to the law of the land banished himself from the country and

Bidding farewell to his father-in-law set out for Trin to visit his friend King siks taking with him his wife dianira and his young son Hillis in the course of their Journey they arrived at the river vess over which the centor nessus was in the habit of carrying Travelers For Hire Heracles with his

Little son in his arms fored the stream uned entrusting his wife to the care of the centur who Charmed with the beauty of his fair burden attempted to carry her off but her cries were heard by her husband who without hesitation shot nessus through the heart with one of his poisoned

Arrows now the dying centur was thirsting for Revenge he called diir to his side and directed her to secure some of the blood which flowed from his wound assuring her that if when in danger of losing her husband’s affection she used it in the manner indicated by him it

Would act as a charm and prevent her from being supplanted by a rival Heracles and dianira now pursued their journey and after several Adventures at length arrived at their destination death of Heracles the last Expedition undertaken by the great hero was against Urus king of ealia to Revenge himself upon this

King his sons for having refused to bestow upon him the hand of ioli after having fairly won the maiden having collected a large army Heracles set out for yubia in order to besiege ealia its capital success crowned his arms he stormed the Citadel slew the king and

His three sons reduced the town to ashes and carried away captive the young in beautiful ioli returning from his Victorious EXP Expedition Heracles halted at senuas in order to offer a sacrifice to Zeus and sent to dianira to troin for a sacrificial robe dianira having been informed that the fair ioli

Was in the train of Heracles was fearful lest her youthful charms might supplant her in the affection of her husband and calling to mind the advice of the dying centur she determined to test the efficacy of the love charm which he had given to her taking out the file which

She had carefully preserved she imbued the robe with a portion of the liquid which it contained and then sent it to Heracles the Victorious hero clothed himself with the Garment and was about to perform the sacrifice when the hot flames rising from the altar heated the

Poison with which it was imbued and soon every fiber of his body was penetrated by the deadly venom the unfortunate hero suffering the most fearful tortures endeavored to tear off the robe but it adhered so closely to the skin that all his efforts to remove it only increased his agonies

In this pitiable condition he was conveyed to Trin where dianira on beholding the terrible suffering of which she was the innocent cause was overcome with grief and remorse and hanged herself in despair the dying hero called his son Hillis to his side and desired him to make ioli his wife and

Then ordering his followers to erect a funeral py he mounted it and implored the bystanders to set fire to it and thus in Mercy to terminate his insufferable torments but no one had the courage to obey him until at last his friend and companion Phillies yielding to his Pious appeal

Lighted the pile and received and return the bow and arrows of the hero soon flames on Flames ascended and amidst Vivid flashes of lightning accompanied by awful peels of Thunder palis aine descended in a cloud and bore her favorite hero in a chariot to Olympus Heracles became admitted Among The

Immortals and Hera in token of her reconciliation bestowed upon him the hand of her beautiful daughter heibi the goddess of Eternal youth bapon bapon or bapon was the son of Glaucus King of Corinth and Grandson of Copus in consequence of an unpremeditated murder bapon fled to Tyran where he was kindly received by

King predus who purified him from his crime antia the wife of predus was so Charmed with the comely youth that she fell in love with him but bapon did not return her affection and she in Revenge slandered him to the King by a gross misrepresentation of the facts the first

Impulse of predus when informed of the conduct of bapon was to kill him but the youth with his gentle and winning manners had so endeared himself to his host that he felt it impossible to take his life with his own hands he therefore sent him to his father-in-law iates king

Of L with a kind of letter or tablet which contained mysterious signs indicating his desire that the bearer of the missive should be put to death but the gods watched over the true and loyal Youth and inclined the heart of iobates who was an amiable Prince towards his

Guest judging by his appearance that he was of noble birth he entertained him according to the hospitable custom of the Greeks in the most princely manner for 9 days and not until the morning of the 10th did he inquire his name and errand bapon now presented to him the

Letter entrusted to him by predus iates who had become greatly attached to the youth was horror struck at its contents nevertheless he concluded that predus must have good reasons for his conduct and that probably bapon had committed a crime which deserved death but as he could not make up his mind to

Murder the guest he had grown to esteem he decided to dispatch him upon dangerous Enterprises in which he would in all probability lose his life he first sent him to kill the chimira monster which was at this time devastating the country the four part of

Its body was that of a lion the center of a goat and the hind part of a dragon whilst out of its jaws issued flames of fire before starting on this difficult task bapon invoked the protection of the Gods and in answer to his prayer they dispatched to his Aid The Immortal

Winged horse Pegasus The Offspring of posidon and Medusa but the Divine animal would not suffer himself to be caught and at last worn out with his fruitless exertions bapon fell into a deep sleep beside the sacred spring Pyne here palis aen appeared to him in a dream and

Presented him with a magic Bridal for the purpose of capturing the Divine Steed on awaking bapon instinctively put out his hand to grasp it when to his amazement there lay beside him the bridal of his dream whilst Pegasus was quietly drinking at the fountain close

By seizing him by the main Bel Lon threw the bridal over his head and succeeded in mounting him without further difficulty then Rising with him into the air he slew the chimira with his arrows iates next sent him on an expedition against the solomans a fierce neighboring tribe with whom he was at

Enmity bapon succeeded in vanquishing them and was then dispatched against the much-dreaded Amazons but greatly to the astonishment of iates the hero again returned Victorious finally I baates placed a number of the bravest lians in Ambush for the purpose of destroying him but not one returned alive for bapon bravely

Defended himself and slew them all convinced at length that bapon far from deserving death was the special favorite of the Gods who had evidently protected him throughout his perilous exploits the king now ceased his persecutions iates admitted him to a share in the government and gave him his

Daughter in marriage but bapon having attained the summit of Earth Earthly Prosperity became intoxicated with pride and vanity and incurred the displeasure of the Gods by endeavoring to mount to heaven on his winged horse for the purpose of gratifying his idle curiosity Zeus punished him for his

Impiety by sending a gadfly to Sting the horse who became so restive that he threw his rider who was precipitated to the Earth filled with remorse at having offended the gods bapon fell a prey to the deepest Melancholy and wandered about for the remainder of his life in

The loneliest and most desolate places after death he was honored in Corinth as a hero and an altar was erected to him in the Grove of posidon Theus egus king of Athens being twice married and having no children was so desirous of an heir to his throne that

He made a pilgrimage to Deli in order to consult the Oracle but the response being ambiguous he repaired to treason to consult his wise friend pus who reigned over that City City by Whose advice he contracted a secret marriage with his friend’s daughter ethra after passing some time with his bride egus

Prepared to take his departure for his own dominions but before doing so he led ethra to the seashore where after depositing his sword and sandals under a huge Rock he thus addressed her should the gods bless our Union with a son do not reveal to him the name and rank of

His father until he is old enough to possess the strength requisite for moving this Stone then sent him to my Palace at Athens bearing these tokens of his identity a son was born to ethra whom she called Theus and who was carefully trained and educated by his grandfather pus when he had developed

Into a strong and manly youth his mother conducted him to the spot where the rock had been placed by egas and at her command he rolled away the stone and took possession of the sword and sandals which had Lain there for 16 years and which she now desired him to convey to

His father Egypt king of Athens his mother and grandfather were anxious that the youth should travel by the safe sea route the road between treason and Athens being at this time infested with robbers of great ferocity and enormous strength but feeling within himself the spirit of a

Hero Theus resolved to emulate the Deeds of Heracles with whose Fame all Greece resounded and therefore chose the more dangerous journey by land as calculated to afford him an opportunity of distinguishing himself by beat of Valor his first Adventure occurred at epidor where he met periphetes a son of

Hephestus who was armed with an iron club with which he killed all travelers having received from his grandfather a full description of this Savage Theus at once recognized him and rushing upon him with his sword succeeded after a desperate encounter in killing him he appropriated the club as

A trophy of his victory and proceeded on his journey without hindrance until he arrived at the is of Corinth here the people warned him to Beware of sinis the robber who forced all travelers to bend with him one of the branches of a Tall Pine Tree having dragged It To The

Ground the cruel CIS suddenly released his hold whereupon the about rebounding high up into the air the unfortunate victim was dashed to the ground and killed when Theus beheld CIS advancing towards him he steadily awaited his approach then seizing his powerful Club he killed the inhuman wretch with one blow

Passing through the Woody District of camian Theus next slew a wild and dangerous s which had long ravaged the country he then continued his journey and approached the borders of Meara where on a narrow path overhanging the Sea dwelt The Wicked siren another Terror to Travelers it was his custom to compel

All strangers who passed his Abode to wash his feet during which operation he kicked them over the rock into the sea Theus boldly attacked the giant overcame him and then flung his body over the cliff where so many of his victims had perished Theus now journeyed on to elus

Where he found another adversary in the person of King cerian who forced all comers to wrestle with him and killed Those whom he vanquished but Theus overcame the mighty wrestler and slew him near elus on the banks of the river cicus Theus met with a new adventure here lived the giant damastes

Called procrustes or the stretcher who had two iron beds one being long and the other short into which he forced all strangers in the short one he placed the tall men whose limbs he cut to the size of the bed whilst to the short ones he assigned the large bed stretching them

Out to fit it and thus he left his victims to expire in the most cruel torments Theus freed the country from this inhuman Monster by serving him as he had done his unfortunate victims the hero now continued his journey and at length reached Athens without meeting with Any Further

Adventures when he arrived at his destination he found his father a helpless tool in the hands of the Sorceress media whom he had married after her departure from Corinth knowing by means of her Supernatural powers that Theus was the King’s son and fearing that her influence might be weakened by

His presence she poisoned the mind of the Old King against the stranger whom she represented as being a spy it was accordingly arranged that Theus should be invited to a banquet and a strong poison mixed with his wine now Theus had resolved to reveal himself at this Feast

To the father whom he yearned to embrace before tasting the wine he put his plan into execution and Drew out his sword so that the eyes of the king might rest upon it when egus beheld once more the well-known weapon which he had so often wielded he knew that it was his

Son who stood before him he warmly embraced him presented him as his heir to his corders and subjects and then no longer able able to endure the sight of midia he banished her forever from his dominions when Theus was acknowledged as the rightful heir to the throne he was

Opposed by the 50 sons of Palace the king’s brother who had confidently expected that on the demise of the Old King the government of the country would devolve upon them they therefore resolved to put Theus to death but their plans becoming known to him he surprised

Them as they lay in Ambush awaiting his approach and destroyed them all fearing however lest the Athenians might entertain a prejudice against him on account of his extermination of their fellow citizens the panits Theus resolved to perform some signal service for the state which should gain for him

The hearts of the people he accordingly decided to rid the country of the famous bull of marathon which had become a terror to the cultivators of the land he captured the animal and brought him in Chains to Athens where after publicly exhibiting him to the astonished multitude he solemnly sacrificed him to

Apollo the next Enterprise undertaken by Theus far surpassed all his other Feats of heroic daring and secured to him the universal admiration and gratitude of his fellow citizens this was the slaying of the minor which put an end forever to the shameful tribute of seven youths and

Seven maidens which was exacted from the Athenians every 9 years the origin of this barbarous tribute was as follows Andros the youthful son of minus king of creit having been ously murdered by the Athenians his father anxious to avenge the death of his son declared war against their King egus and conquered

Athens and the villages in its vicinity the Conqueror henceforth compelled the Athenians to send to him every 9 years a tribute of seven youths and seven maidens of the noblest families of the land who became the prey of the minor a monster half man half bull whose Lair was in the wonderful Labyrinth

Constructed by dilus for the crean king when Theus informed his father of his heroic determination he was overwhelmed with grief and endeavored by every means in his power to shake his son’s resolution but confident of success Theus assured his father that he would slay the minor and return home

Victorious it was customary for the vessel bearing its unhappy Freight of human victims to use on this Voyage black sales only but Theus promised his father that should he return in safety he would hoist white ones in their place before leaving Athens thesias by the advice of an oracle chose Aphrodite as

His guardian and protectress and accordingly offered up a sacrifice to her when he arrived in the presence of King minus the goddess of love inspired AR Adney the beautiful daughter of the king with an Ardent attachment for the noble young hero during a secret interview in which a mutual confession

Of affection took place AR Adney furnished him with a sharp sword and a clue of thread the end of which she desired him to fasten at the entrance to the Labyrinth and to continue to unwind it till he reached the lair of the minur full of Hope as to the successful

Issue of his undertaking Theus took leave of the kind Maiden after expressing his gratitude for her timely Aid at the head of his companions he was now conducted by minus to the entrance of the labyrinth strictly adhering to the injunctions of the fair AR Adney he succeeded in finding the Minotaur whom

After a Fierce and vient struggle he defeated and killed then carefully feeling his way by means of the clue of thread he led his companions safely out of the labyrinth they then fled to their ship taking with them the lovely Maiden to whose affection for their deliverer they

Owed their safety arrived at the island of naxis Theus had a dream in which dionis the wine God appeared to him and informed him that the fates had decreed that ariadne should be his bride at the same time menacing the hero with all kinds of misfortunes should he refuse to

Resign her now Theus having been taught from his youth to reverenced the gods feared to disobey the wishes of dionisis he accordingly took a sad farewell of the beautiful Maiden who so tenderly loved him and left her on the Lonely Island where she was found and

Woed by the wine God Theus and his companions felt keenly the loss of their benefactress and in their grief at parting with her forgot that the ship still bore the black sail with which she had left the attic Coast as she neared the port of Athens egus who was

Anxiously awaiting the return of his son on the beach caught sight of the vessel with its Black Sails and concluding that his Gallant son had perished threw himself in despair into the sea with the unanimous approval of the Athenians Theus now ascended the vacant throne and

Soon proved himself to be not only a valiant hero but also a wise Prince and prudent legislator Athens was at this time but a small City surrounded by a number of villages Each of which possessed its own separate form of government but by means of kind and conciliatory measures

Thesias induced the heads of these different communities to resign their sovereignty and to entrust the administration of public affairs to a court which should sit constantly at Athens and exercise jurisdiction over all the inhabitants of ateka the result of these judicious measures was that the Athenians became a United and powerful

People and that numbers of strangers and foreigners flocked to Athens which became a flourishing Maritime port and a commercial center of great importance Theus renewed the isian games and also instituted numerous festivals the principal of which was the panthia held in honor of Athen polius it is related that Theus upon one occasion

Arrived during a voyage at the Amazonian Coast anxious to ascertain the object of his visit the Amazon sent hippolyte one of their number with presence to the stranger but no sooner did the fair Herald set foot on board his vessel than Theus set sail and carried her off to

Athens where he made her his Queen enraged at this indignity the Amazon determined to be revenged some time afterwards when the whole affair would appear to have been forgotten They seized the opportunity when the city of Athens was in a defenseless condition and landed an Army

In ateka so sudden was their attack that they had penetrated into to the very Heart of the City before the Athenians could organize their forces but Theus expeditiously collected his troops and commenced such a furious Onslaught upon the Invaders that after a desperate encounter they were driven from the city

Peace was then concluded whereupon the Amazons evacuated the country during this engagement hippolyte forgetful of her origin fought Valiant by the side of her husband against her own kinsfolk and perished on the field of battle if it was soon after this sad event that Theus joined the world-renowned Caledonian

Bore hunt in which he took a leading part he also formed one of the Brave band who shared in the Perils of the argonautic Expedition the remarkable friendship which existed between Theus and pytho originated under such peculiar circumstances that it is worthy of mention hearing upon one occasion that

His herds pasturing in the plains of marathon had been carried off by pyus Theus collected together in Armed Force and sallied forth to punish the plunderer but when the two Heroes met face to face both were seized with an Impulse of sympathetic admiration for each other pyoos holding out his hand in

Token of Peace exclaimed what satisfaction shall I render thee Oh Theus be thou thyself the judge Theus seized the profer hand and replied I ask not save thy friendship whereupon the heroes embraced each other and swore Eternal fidelity when soon afterwards perthus became United to hippodamia a thesan princess

He invited Theus to the wedding Feast which was also attended among other guests by a large number of centur who were friends of pythos towards the end of the banquet uish a young centur heated and flushed with wine seized the lovely bride and sought by force to carry her off the

Other Centaur following his example each endeavored to capture a maiden perthus and his followers aided by Theus who rendered most valuable assistance attacked the centur and after a violent hand-to-hand struggle in which many perished forced them to relinquish their prey after the death of hippolyte Theus

Sought the hand of fedra the sister of his former bride AR adne to whom he became United for some years they lived happily together and their Union was blessed by the birth of two sons during this time hpus the son of the amazoni Ian Queen had been absent from home

Having been placed under the care of the king’s uncles in order to be educated when having grown to manhood he now returned to his father’s Palace his young stepmother fedra fell violently in love with him but holus failed to return her affection and treated her with contempt and indifference filled with rage and

Despair at his coldness fedra put an end to her existence and when she was discovered by her husband she held in her hand a letter accusing hippus of being the cause of her death and of having conspired against the honor of the king now posidon had upon one occasion

Promised to Grant Theus whatever request he should demand he therefore called upon the sea god to destroy hippus whom he cursed in the most solemn manner the father’s awful malediction fell but too soon upon his innocent son for as the latter was driving his Chariot along the seashore between treason and Athens a

Monster sent by posidon rose out of the deep and so frightened the horses that they became altogether unmanageable as they rushed on in their mad career The Chariot was dashed to pieces and the unfortunate youth whose feet had become entangled in the rains was dragged along until life was nearly

Extinct in this condition he was found by the unhappy Theus who having ascertained the true facts of the case from an old servant of fedra had hastened to prevent the catastrophe but he arrived too late and was only able to suit the last moments of his dying Son by acknowledging the

Sad mistake which he had committed and declaring his firm belief in his honor and innocence after these events Theus was persuaded by his friend pyoos who had also about this time lost his young wife hippodamia to join him in a journey through Greece with the object of

Carrying off by force the most beautiful maidens whom they should chance to meet arrived at Sparta they beheld in the temple of emis Helen the daughter of Zeus and Lita who was engaged in performing sacred dances in honor of the Goddess although the maiden was only 9

Years old the fame of her beauty which was destined to play so important a part in the history of Greece had already spread far and wide Theus and pyus forcibly abducted her and then having cast lots for her she fell to Theus who placed her under the charge of his

Mother ethra perthus now requested Theus to assist him in his ambitious scheme of descending to the lower world and carrying off pranie the queen of Hades though Fully Alive to The Perils of the undertaking Theus would not forsake his friend and together they sought the gloomy realm of Shades but AIDS had been

Forewarned of their approach and scarcely had the two friends set foot within his dominions when by his orders they were seized bound with chains and secured to an enchanted rock at the entrance of Hades here the two friends languished for many years years until Heracles passed by in his search for

Curus when he released Theus but in obedience to an injunction of the Gods left pyus to endure forever the punishment of his too daring ambition while Theus was imprisoned in the Underworld Castor and Pollock the brothers of Helen invaded Athens and demanded the restoration of their young sister seeing his country threatened

With the horrors of warfare an Athenian citizen named academus who knew of ‘s place of concealment repaired to the camp of the dioscuri and informed them where they would find her ethra at once resigned her charge whereupon the brothers took leave of Athens and accompanied by Helen returned to their

Native country but the prolonged absence of Theus gave rise to other Troubles of a more serious character thinking the opportunity favorable for a Revolt a faction headed by mesus a descendant of erus arrogated to themselves supreme power and seized the Reigns of government returned to Athens Theus at

Once took active measures to quell the insubordination which existed on all sides he expelled mesus from Office rigorously punished the ring leaders of the revolt and placed himself once more upon the throne but his hold upon the people was gone his former Services were all forgotten and finding at length that

Dissensions and revolts were rif he voluntarily abdicated the throne and retired to his Estates in the island of cyos here lameds King of the island fainted to receive him with the utmost friendship but being as it is supposed in League with mesus he led the Old King

To the summit of a high Rock under pretense of showing him his Estates and treacherously killed him by pushing him over the cliff many centuries after his death by the command of the Oracle of Deli Simon the father of mades at the conclusion of the Persian War brought

The remains of Theus the great benefactor of Athens to that City and in his honor a temple was erected which exists to the present day and serves as a museum of art edius leus King of Thieves the son of labus and a direct descendant of Cadmus

Was married to jast the daughter of a noble fean an oracle having foretold that he would perish by the hand of his own son he determined to destroy the infant to whom jokat had just given birth with the consent of his wife whose affection for her husband overcame her

Love for her child he pierced the feet of The Babe bound them together and handed the infant over to a servant with instructions to expose him on Mount curin to perish but instead of obeying this cruel command the servant entrusted him to a Shepherd who was tending the

Flocks of pbus King of Corinth and then returned to leus and jast and informed them that their orders had been obeyed the parents were satisfied with the intelligence and quieted their conscience by the reflection that they had thus prevented their son from committing the crime of parasite meanwhile The Shepherd of King

Pbus had Unbound the feet of the infant and in consequence of there being much swollen he called him edus or swollen foot he then carried him to the king his master who pitying the poor little W enlisted for him the kind offices of his wife marpi edius was adopted by the king and

Queen as their own son and grew up in the belief that they were his parents until one day a Corinthian Noble taunted him at a banquet with not being the son of the king stung at this reproach the youth appealed to marpi but receiving an equivocal though kindly answer he

Repaired to Deli to consult the Oracle the Pia vouch safed no reply to his inquiry but informed him to his horror that he was fated to kill his father and to marry his own mother filled with dismay for he was tenderly attached to pbus and marpe edius determined not to

Return to Corinth and took instead the road leading to biosa on his way a chariot passed him in which sat an old man with two servants who rudely pushed The Pedestrian out of the path in the scuffle which ensued edius struck the old man with his heavy stick and he fell

Back dead on the seat of The Chariot struck with dismay at the unpremeditated murder which he had committed the youth fled and left the spot without learning that the old man whom he had killed was his father leus King of Thieves not long after this occurrence the Sphinx full

Details of whom have already been given was sent by the goddess Hera as a punishment to the thebans stationed on a rocky height just outside the city she propounded to the passers by riddles which she had been taught by the muses and whoever failed to solve them was torn in pieces and

Devoured by the monster and in this manner great numbers of the inhabitants of thieves had perished now on the death of the Old King leus Creon the brother of the widowed Queen had seized the Reigns of government and mounted the vacant throne and when at length his own

Son fell a victim to the Sphinx he resolved at all costs to rid the country of this fearful Scourge he accordingly issued a proclamation that the kingdom and the Hand of his sister joast should be awarded to him who should succeed in solving one of the riddles of the Sphinx

It having been foretold by an oracle that only then would the country be freed from the monster just as this Proclamation was being made in the streets of Thieves edius with his Pilgrim staff in his hand entered the city tempted by the prospect of so magnificent a reward he repaired

To the Rock and boldly requested the Sphinx to propound to him one of her riddles she proposed to him one which she deemed impossible of solution but edus at once solved it whereupon the Sphinx full of rage and despair precipitated ated herself into the abyss and perished edius received the promised

Reward he became King of Thieves and the husband of jast the Widow of his father King leus for many years edius enjoyed the greatest happiness and Tranquility for children were born to him two sons idles and Poes and two daughters Antony and is Mei but at last

The gods Afflicted the country with a grievous pestilence which made Terri Havoc among the people in their distress they intreated the help of the king who was regarded by his subjects as a special favorite of the Gods edius consulted an Oracle and the response was that the pestilence would continue to

Rage until the land was purified of the blood of King laus whose murderer was living unpunished at thieves the king now invoked the most solemn imprecations on the head of the murderer and offered a reward for any information concerning him he then sent for the blind blind old

Seer tyresius and implored him by means of his prophetic powers to reveal to him the author of the crime tyresius at first hesitated but yielding to the earnest solicitations of the king the old Prophet thus addressed him thou thyself art the murderer of the Old King

Leus who was thy father and thou art wedded to his widow thine own mother in order to convince edius of the truth of his words he brought forward the old servant who had exposed him as a babe on Mount cyan and the shepherd who had conveyed him to King

Pbus horrified at this awful Revelation edius in a fit of Despair deprived himself of sight and the unfortunate Joe cast unable to survive her disgrace hanged herself accompanied by his faithful and devoted daughter Antony edius quitted thieves and became a miserable and homeless Outcast begging his bread from

Place to place at length after a long and painful pilgrimage he found a place of Refuge in the Grove of the humanities at Colonus near Athens where his last moments were soothed and tended by the care and devotion of the faithful antigon the seven against thieves after the voluntary abdication

Of edius his two sons idles and Poes took possession of the crown and reigned over the city of Thieves but idles being an ambitious Prince soon seized the Reigns of government himself and expelled his brother from the throne Poes now repaired to go where he arrived

In the dead of night outside the gates of the Royal Palace he encountered tius the son of enus King of kaledon having accidentally killed a relative in the chase tius was also a fugitive but being mistaken by Poes in the darkness for an enemy a quarrel ensued which might have ended fatally

Had not King adrastus aroused by the clamor appeared on the scene and parted the combatants By the Light of the Torches borne by by his attendance adrus observed to his surprise that on the shield of Poes a lion was depicted and on that of tius abore the former bore

This Insignia in honor of the renowned hero Heracles the latter in memory of the famous Caledonian bore hunt this circumstance reminded the king of an extraordinary oracular prediction concerning his two beautiful daughters argia and D pile which was to the effect that he would give them in marriage to a

Lion and a boar hailing with Delight what he regarded as an auspicious solution of the mysterious prophecy he invited The Strangers into his Palace and when he heard their history and had convinced himself that they were of noble birth he bestowed upon Poes his beautiful daughter argia and upon

Tidiest the fair day pile promising at the same time that he would assist both his sons-in-law to regain their rightful patrimony the first care of adrus was to Aid poonis in regaining possession of his lawful share in the government of Thieves he accordingly invited the most powerful Chiefs in his kingdom to join

In the Expedition all of whom readily obeyed the call with the exception of the king’s brother-in-law aose the sear as he foresaw a disastrous termination to the Enterprise and knew that not one of the heroes save adrus himself would return alive he earnestly dissuaded the king from carrying out his project and

Declined to take any part in the undertaking but address Asus seconded by Poes and tius was obstinately bent on the achievement of his purpose and ose in order to escape from their importunities concealed himself in a hiding place known only to his wife arile now on the occasion of the

Marriage of aose it had been agreed that if he ever differed in opinion with the King his wife should decide the question as the presence of amose was indispensable to the success of the undertaking and moreover as a drce would would not enter upon it without the eye

Of the army as he called his brother-in-law poonis bent on securing his Services determined to bribe arile to use her influence with her husband and to decide the question in accordance with his wishes he be thought himself of the beautiful necklace of harmonia wife of Cadmus which he had brought with him

In his flight from thieves without loss of time he presented himself before the wife of aose and held up to her admiring gaze the glittering Bobble promising that if she revealed The Hiding Place of her husband and induced him to join the Expedition the necklace should be hers

Arap unable to withstand the tempting bait accepted the bribe and thus aose was compelled to join the Army but before leaving his home he extorted a solemn promise from his son Alan that should he perish on the field of battle he would avenge his death on his mother the perfidious

Arile seven leaders were now chosen each at the head of a separate Detachment of troops these were adrus the king his two brothers hippin and parthenopaeus capus his nephew polones and Tidus and AOS when the Army was collected they set out for nemia which was at this time governed by King

Lerus here the argives being short of water halted on the outskirts of a forest in order to search for a spring when they saw a majestic and beautiful woman Seated on the trunk of a tree nursing an infant They concluded from her Noble and queenly appearance that

She must be a goddess but were informed by her that she was hipop Queen of the LeMans who had been carried away captive by Pirates and sold as a slave to King lerus and that she was now acting as nurse to his infant son when the Warriors told her that they were in

Search of water she laid the child down in the grass and led them to a secret spring in the forest with which she alone was acquainted but on their return they found to their grief that the unfortunate babe had been killed during their absence by a serpent they slew the

Reptile and then collecting the remains of the infant they buried them with ferial honors and proceeded on their way the warlike host now appeared before the walls of Thieves and each leader placed himself before one of the seven Gates of the city in Readiness for the attack

Idles in conjunction with Creon had made due preparations to repel the Invaders and had stationed troops under the command of trusty leaders to guard each of the gates then according to the practice of the Ancients of Consulting soothsayers before entering upon any undertaking the blind old Seer tyresius

Was sent for who after carefully taking the auguries from the flight of birds declared that all efforts to defend the city would prove unavailing unless the youngest descendant of the House of Cadmus would offer himself as a voluntary sacrifice for the good of the state when Creon heard the words of the

Seer his first thought was of his favorite son Manus the youngest Sion of the Royal House who was present at the interview he therefore earnestly implored him to leave the city and to repair for safety to Deli but the Gallant youth heroically resolved to sacrifice his life for the benefit of

His country and after taking leave of his old father mounted the city walls and plunging a dagger into his heart perished in the sight of the contending hosts adrus now gave his Troop the word of command to storm the city and they rushed forward to the attack with great

Valor the battle raged long and furiously and after heavy losses on both sides the argives were routed and put to flight after the lapse of some days they reorganized their forces and again appeared before the gates of Thieves when Ides grieved to think that there should be such a terrible loss of life

On his account sent a Herald into the opposite camp with a proposition that the fate of the campaign should should be decided by single combat between himself and his brother poonis the challenge was readily accepted and in the duel which took place outside the city walls in the

Sight of the Rival forces idles and Poes were both fatally wounded and expired on the field of battle both sides now claimed the day and the result was that hostilities recommenced and soon the battle raged with greater Fury than ever but victory at last declared itself for

The thebans in their flight the arives lost all their leaders adrus accepted who owed his safety to the fleetness of his horse Arion by the death of the brothers cron became once more King of Thieves and in order to show his abhorrence of the conduct of Poes in

Fighting against his country he strictly forbade anyone to bury either his remains or those of his allies but the faithful antigon who had returned to thieves on the death of her father could not endure that the body of her brother should remain unburied she therefore bravely disregarded the

Orders of the king and endeavored to give sepulture to the remains of Poes when Creon discovered that his commands had been set at Defiance he inhumanly condemned the devoted Maiden to be in tuned alive in a Subterranean Vault but retribution was at hand his son hmon who was betrothed to antigon

Having contrived to affect an entrance into the Vault was horrified to find that antigon had hanged herself by her veil feeling that life without her would be intolerable he threw himself in despair on his own sword and after solemnly invoking the malediction of the Gods on the head of his father expired beside

The dead body of his betrothed hardly had the news of the tragic fate of his son reached the king before another messenger appeared bearing the tidings that his wife idy on hearing of the death of hmon had put an end to her existence and thus the king found

Himself in his old age both widowed and childless nor did he succeed in the execution of his vindictive designs for adrus who after his flight from thieves had taken Refuge at Athens induced Theus to lead an Army against the thebans to compel them to restore the dead bodies of the

Argive Warriors to their friends in order that they might perform due ferial rights in honor of the slain this undertaking was successfully accomplished and the remains of the fallen heroes were interred with due honors the epigoni 10 years after these events the sons of the slain Heroes who were called

Epigoni or descendants resolved to avenge the death of their fathers and with this object entered upon a new Expedition against the city of Thieves by the advice of the delic Oracle the command was entrusted to Alan the son of AOS but remembering the injunction of his father he hesitated to

Accept this post before executing Vengeance on his mother arile thander however the son of polones adopting similar tactics to those of his father bribed arile with the beautiful veil of harmonia bequeathed to him by poonis to induce her son Alan and his brother amphilic to join in this second war against

Thieves now the mother of Alan was gifted with that rare Fascination which renders its possessor irresistible to all who may chance to come within its influence nor was her own son able to withstand her blandishments yielding there therefore to her Wy representations he accepted the command of the troops and at the

Head of a large and Powerful Army Advanced upon thieves before the gates of the city Alan encountered the thians under the command of leamus the son of idles a fierce battle ensued in which the thean leader after performing prodigies of Valor perished by the hand of Alan after losing their Chief and the

Flower of their army the thebans retreated behind the city walls and the enemy now pressed them hard on every side in their distress they appealed to the blind old Seer tyresius who was over a 100 years old with Trembling Lips and in broken accents he informed them that

They could only save their lives by abandoning their native City with their wives and families upon this they dispatched ambassadors into the enemy’s camp and whilst these were protracting negotiations during the night the thebans with their wives and children evacuated the city next morning the argives entered thieves

And plundered it placing thander the son of poenis who was a descendant of Cadmus on the throne which his father had so vainly contested Alan and the necklace When Alan returned from his expedition against the thians he determined to fulfill the last injunction of his father

Aose who had desired him to be revenged on his mother arile for her perid in accepting a bribe to betray him this res res solution was further strengthened by the discovery that his unprincipled mother had urged him also to join the expedition in return for the much coveted veil of harmonia he therefore

Put her to death and taking with him the ill-fated necklace and Veil abandoned forever the home of his fathers but the gods who could not suffer so unnatural a crime to go unpunished Afflicted him with Madness and sent one of the furies to pursue him unceasingly in this unhappy condition he

Wandered about from place to place until at last having reached sopus in Arcadia fius King of the country not only purified him of his crime but also bestowed upon him the hand of his daughter arino to whom Alan presented the necklace and Veil which had already been the cause of so much

Unhappiness though now released from his mental Affliction the curse which hung over him was not entirely removed and on his account the country of his adoption was visited with a severe drought on Consulting the Oracle of Deli he was informed that any land which offered him

Shelter would be cursed by the gods and that the malediction would continue to follow him till he came to a country which was not in existence at the time he had murdered his mother bereft of Hope and resolved no longer to cast the shadow of his dark fate over those he

Loved Alan took a tender leave of his wife and little son and became once more an outcast in Wanderer arrived after a long and painful pilgrimage at the river a he discovered to his unspeakable joy a beautiful and fertile Island which had but lately emerged from beneath the

Water here he took up his Abode and in this Haven of Rest he was at length freed from his sufferings and finally purified of his crime by the river god Aus but in his Newfound home where Prosperity smiled upon Him Alan soon forgot the loving wife and child he had

Left behind and would cero the beautiful daughter of the river god who became United to him in marriage for many years Alan and cero lived happily together and two sons were born to them but unfortunately for the Peace of her husband the daughter of achillus had heard of the celebrated necklace and

Veil of harmonia and became seized with a violent desire to become the possessor of these precious Treasures now the necklace and Veil were in the safekeeping of Aro but as Alan had carefully concealed the fact of his former marriage from his young wife he formed her when no longer

Able to combat her importunities that he had concealed them in a cave in his native country and promised to hasten thither and procure them for her he accordingly took leave of KERO and his children and proceeded to sopus where he presented himself before his deserted wife and her father King

Fius to them he excused his absence by the fact of his having suffered from a fresh attack of Madness and added that an oracle had foretold to him that his malady would only be cured when he had deposited the necklace and veil of harmonia in the

Temple of Apollo at Deli Aro deceived by his Artful representations unhesitatingly restored to him his Bridal gifts whereupon Alan set out on his homward journey while satisfied with the successful issue of his expedition but the Fatal necklace and Veil were doomed to bring ruin and disaster to all

Who possessed them during his sojourn at the court of king fius one of the servants who had accompanied alme betrayed The Secret of his Union with the daughter of the river god and when the king informed his sons of his treacherous conduct they determined to avenge the wrongs of their sister

Aro they accordingly concealed themselves at a point of the road which Alan was compelled to pass and as he neared the spot they suddenly emerged from their place of Ambush fell upon him and dispatched him when Aro who still loved her faithless husband heard of The Murder She bitterly reproached her

Brothers for the crime which they had perpetrated at which they were so incensed that they placed her in a chest and conveyed her to a gapor son of anus at tiia here they accused her of the murder of which they themselves were guilty and she suffered

A painful death KERO on learning the sad fate of Alan implored Zeus that her infant Sons might grow at once to manhood and Avenge the death of their father the ruler of Olympus heard the petition of the bereaved wife and in answer answer to her prayer the children of yesterday became transformed into

Bearded men full of strength and courage and thirsting for Revenge hastening to tiia they there encountered the sons of fius who were about to repair to Deli in order to deposit the necklace and veil in the sanctuary of Apollo and before the brothers had time to defend themselves the stalwart sons of cero

Rushed upon them and slew them they then proceeded to sopus where they killed King fius and his wife after after which they returned to their mother with the necklace and Veil which by the command of her father achillus were deposited as sacred offerings in the temple of Apollo at Deli the

Herac after the apotheosis of Heracles his children were so cruy persecuted by uthus that they fled for protection to King SS at Trin accompanied by the aedus the nephew and lifelong friend of their father who constituted himself their guide and protector but on Urus demanding the surrender of

The fugitives the herac knowing that the small Force at the disposal of King seeks would be altogether inadequate to protect them against the powerful King of Argos abandoned his territory and sought Refuge at Athens where they were hospitably received by King deaun the son of the Great Hero

Theus he warmly espoused their cause and determined to protect them at all costs against uthus who had dispatched a numerous force in pursuit of them when the Athenians had made all necessary preparations to repel the Invaders an oracle announced that the sacrifice of a maiden of noble birth was necessary to

Ensure to them Victory whereupon Mia the beautiful daughter of Heracles and Dian magnanimously offered herself as a sacrifice and surrounded by the noblest matrons and maidens of Athens voluntarily devoted herself to death while these events were transpiring in Athens Hillis the eldest son of Heracles and Dian had Advanced with a large army

To the assistance of his brothers and having sent a messenger to the king announcing his arrival deaun with his army joined his forces in the thick of the battle which ensued IUS following a sudden impulse borrowed the Chariot of Hillis and earnestly intreated Zeus and heebe to restore to

Him for this one day only the Vigor and strength of his youth his prayer was heard a thick thick Cloud descended from heaven and enveloped The Chariot and when it disappeared IUS in the full plenitude of manly Vigor stood revealed before the astonished gaze of the combatants he then LED on his Valiant

Band of Warriors and soon the enemy was in headlong flight and uthus who was taken prisoner was put to death by the command of king deaun after gratefully acknowledging the timely Aid of the Athenians Hillis accompanied by the faithful IUS and his brothers took took leave of King deaon

And proceeded to invade the pelonis which they regarded as their lawful patrimony for according to the will of Zeus it should have been the rightful possession of their father the Great Hero Heracles had not Hera maliciously defeated his plans by causing his cousin uthus to precede him into the world for

The space of 12 months the herac contrived to maintain themselves in the pelonis but at the expiration of that time a pestilence broke out which spread over the entire Peninsula and compelled the herac to evacuate the country and return to ateka where for a time they settled after the lapse of 3 years

Hillis resolved on making another effort to obtain his paternal inheritance before setting out on the Expedition however he consulted the Oracle of deli and the response was that he must wait for the third fruit before the Enterprise would prove successful interpreting this ambiguous reply to signify the Third summer Hillis

Controlled his impatience for 3 years when having collected a powerful Army he once more entered the pelonis at the ismos of Corinth he was opposed by atus the son of pelops who at the death of Urus had inherited the kingdom in order to save Bloodshed Hillis offered to decide his claims by

Single combat the conditions being that if he were victorious he and his brothers should obtain Undisputed possession of their rights but if defeated the herac were to desist for 50 years from attempting to press their claim the challenge was accepted by akiman King of teia and Hillis lost his

Life in the encounter whereupon the sons of Heracles in virtue of their agreement abandoned the pelonis and retired to Marathon Hillis was succeeded by his son cadus who at the expiration of the appointed time collected a large army and invaded the ppenis but he was not more successful than his father had been

And per is there with all his forces 20 years later his son AR istus consulted an oracle which promised him Victory if he went by way of the defile the herac once more set out but were again defeated and a istus shared the fate of his father and grandfather

And fell on the field of battle when at the expiration of 30 years the sons of AR istus temus cronis and aristodemus again consulted the Oracle the answer was still the same but this time the following explanation accompanied the response the third fruit signified the third generation to which

They themselves belonged and not the third fruit of the earth and by the defile was indicated not the ismos of Corinth but the Straits on the right of the ismus kinus Lost no time in collecting an army and building ships of War but just as all was ready in the

Fleet about to sail aristodemus the youngest of the brothers was struck by lightning to add to their misfortunes hippolyt a descendant of Heracles who had joined in the Expedition killed a soothsayer whom he mistook for a spy and the Gods in their displeasure sent violent tempests by means of which the entire

Fleet was destroyed whilst famine and pestilence decimated the ranks of the army the Oracle on being again consulted advised that hippolyt being the offender should be banished from the country for 10 years and that the command of the troops should be delegated to a man having three eyes a search was at once

Instituted by the herac for a man answering to this description who was found at length in the person of axilus a descendant of the eolian race of Kings in obedience to the command of the Oracle hippolyt was banished an army and Fleet once more equipped and axilus elected commander-in-chief and now success at

Length crowned the efforts of the long-suffering descendants of the Great Hero they obtained possession of the pelonis which was divided among them by lot Argos fell to temus lademan to aristodemus and missini to chantes in gratitude for the services of their able leader axilus the kingdom of

Ellis was conferred upon him by the herac the siege of Troy Troy or ien was the capital of a kingdom in Asia Minor situated near the helis bant and founded by elos son of TR at the time of the famous Trojan War this city was under the government of Priam a direct

Descendant of elos Priam was married to hecuba daughter of daus king of thce and among the most celebrated of their children were the renowned and Valiant Hector the prophetess Cassandra and Paris the cause of the Trojan War before the birth of her second son Paris hecuba

Dreamt that she had given birth to a flaming brand which was interpreted by seus The Seer a son of Priam by a former marriage to signify that she would bear a son who would cause the destruction of the city of Troy anxious to prevent the Fulfillment of the prophecy hecuba

Caused her newborn babe to be exposed on Mount Ida to perish but being found by some kind-hearted Shepherds the child was reared by them and grew up unconscious of his Noble birth as the boy approached manhood he became remarkable not only for his wonderful beauty of form and feature but also for

His his strength and courage which he exercised in defending the flocks from the attacks of robbers and wild beasts hence he was called Alexander or helper of men it was about this time that he settled the famous dispute concerning the golden apple thrown by the goddess of Discord into the Assembly

Of the Gods as we have already seen he gave his decision in favor of Aphrodite thus creating for himself two implacable enemies for Hera and athe never forgave the slight Paris became United to a beautiful nymph named Enon with whom he lived happily in the seclusion and

Tranquility of a pastoral life but to her deep grief this peaceful existence was not fated to be of long duration hearing that some ferial games were about to be held in Troy in honor of a departed relative of the King Paris resolved to visit the capital and take

Part in them himself there he so greatly distinguished himself in a contest with his unknown Brothers Hector and debus that the proud Young young princes enraged that an obscure Shepherd should snatch from them the prize of Victory were about to create a disturbance when Cassandra who had been

A spectator of the proceedings stepped forward and announced to them that the humble peasant who had so signally defeated them was their own brother Paris he was then conducted to the presence of his parents who joyfully acknowledged him as their child and amidst the festivities and rejoicings in

Honor of their Newfound son the ominous prediction of the past was forgotten as a proof of his confidence the king now entrusted Paris with a somewhat delicate Mission as we have already seen in the legend of Heracles that great hero conquered Troy and after killing king lamedon carried away captive his

Beautiful daughter hisani whom he bestowed in marriage on his friend telmon but although she became princess of Salamis and lived happily with her husband her brother Prime never ceased to regret her loss and the indignity which had been passed upon his house house and it was now proposed that Paris

Should be equipped with a numerous Fleet and proceed to Greece in order to demand the restoration of the King’s sister before setting out on this Expedition Paris was warned by Cassandra against bringing home a wife from Greece and she predicted that if he disregarded her injunction he would bring inevitable

Ruin upon the city of Troy and destruction to the house of pram under the command of Paris the fleet set sail and arrived safely in Greece here the young Trojan Prince first beheld Helen the daughter of Zeus and Lita and sister of the dioscuri who was the wife of

Menus King of Sparta and the loveliest woman of her time the most renowned heroes in Greece had sought the honor of her hand but her stepfather tarius King of Sparta fearing that if he bestowed her in marriage on one of her numerous lovers he would make enemies of the rest

Made it a stipulation that all suitors should solemnly swear to assist and defend the successful candidate with all the means at their command in any Feud which might Hereafter arise in connection with the marriage he at length conferred the hand of Helen Upon menaus A warlike Prince devoted to

Marshal exercises and the pleasures of the chase to whom he resigned his throne in Kingdom when Paris arrived at Sparta and sought Hospitality at the Royal Palace he was kindly received by King menus at the banquet given in his honor he Charmed both host and Hostess by his graceful Manner and varied

Accomplishments and specially ingratiated himself with the fair Helen to whom he presented some rare and Chase trinkets of Asiatic manufacturer whilst Paris was still a guest at the court of the King of Sparta the latter received an invitation from his friend idus king of creit to join

Him in a Hunting Expedition and menus being of an unsuspicious and easy temperament accepted the invitation leaving to Helen the duty of entertaining the distinguished stranger captivated by her surpassing loveliness the Trojan Prince forgot every sense of honor and Duty and resolved to Rob his absent host of his

Beautiful wife he accordingly collected his followers and with their assistance stormed the royal castle possessed himself of the rich Treasures which it contained and succeeded in carrying off its beautiful and not altogether unwilling mistress they at once set sail but were driven by stress of weather to the

Island of crania where they cast anchor and it was not until some years had elapsed during which time home and country were forgotten that Paris and Helen proceeded to Troy preparations for the war when menaus heard of the violation of his Hearth and Home he proceeded to pilus accompanied by his

Brother agamenon in order to consult the Wise Old King Nester who was renowned for his great experience and statecraft on hearing the facts of the case Nester expressed it as his opinion that only by means of the combined efforts of all the states of Greece could menaus hope to regain Helen in

Defiance of so powerful a kingdom as that of Troy menaus and Agamemnon now raised the war cry which was unanimously responded to from one end of Greece to the other many of those who volunteered their services were former suitors of the fair Helen and were therefore Bound

By their oath to support the cause of menaus others joined from pure love of Adventure but one and all were deeply impressed with the disgrace which would attach to their country should such a crime be suffered to go unpunished thus a powerful Army was collected in which few names of note

Were missing only in the case of two great Heroes odyusa and achilles did menaus experience any difficulty odsis famed for his wisdom and great astuteness was at this time living happily in Ithaca with his fair young wife Penelope in his little son telemates and was loathed to leave his

Happy home for for a perilous foreign expedition of Uncertain duration when therefore his Services were solicited he feigned Madness but the shrewd palamedes a distinguished hero in the suite of manalus detected and exposed the ruse and thus odius was forced to join in the war but he never

Forgave the interference of pomades and as we shall see eventually revenged himself upon him in a most cruel manner Achilles was the son of pus and the sea goddess thetus who is said to have dipped her son when a babe in the river sticks and thereby rendered him

Invulnerable except in the right heel by which she held him when the boy was 9 years old it was foretold to thetus that he would either enjoy a long life of Inglorious ease and inactivity or that after a brief career of Victory he would die the death of a hero naturally

Desirous of prolonging the life of her son the fond mother devoutly hoped that the former fate might be allotted to him with this view she conveyed him to the island of cyos in the aan sea where disguised as a girl he was brought up among the daughters of lameds King of

The country now that the presence of Achilles was required owing to an oracular prediction that Troy could not be taken without him menus consulted calus the soothsayer who revealed to him the place of his concealment odius was accordingly dispatched to cyos where by means of a clever device he soon discovered which

Among the maidens was the object of his Church disguising himself as a merchant odyusa where he offered to the King’s Daughters various trinkets for sale the girls with one exception all examined his Wares with unfeigned interest observing this circumstance odys is shrewdly concluded that the one who held

Aloof must be none other than the young Achilles himself but in order further to test the correctness of his deduction he now exhibited a beautiful set of warlike autter ments whilst at a given signal stirring strains of Marshal music were heard outside whereupon Achilles fired with warlike aror seized the weapons and thus

Revealed his identity he now joined the cause of the Greeks accompanied at the request of his father by his Kinsman Petras and contributed to the Expedition a large force of felian troops or mermans as they were called and also 50 ships for 10 long years Agamemnon and the other Chiefs devoted all their

Energy and means in preparing for the Expedition against Troy but during these warlike preparations and attempt at a peaceful solution of the difficulty was not neglected an embassy consisting of menaus odsis and was dispatched to King primam demanding the surrender of Helen but though the embassy was received with

The utmost Pomp and ceremony the demand was nevertheless rejected upon which the ambassadors returned to Greece and the order was given given for the fleet to assemble at Alis in biosa never before in the annals of Greece had so large an army been collected a 100,000 warriors were

Assembled at Alis and in its Bay floated over a thousand ships ready to convey them to the Trojan Coast the command of this Mighty host was entrusted to Agamemnon king of Argos the most powerful of all the Greek princes before the fleet set sail solemn sacrifices were offered to the Gods on

The seashore when suddenly a serpent was seen to ascend a plain Tree in which was a Sparrow’s Nest containing nine young ones the reptile first devoured the young birds and then their mother after which it was turned by Zeus into stone calus the soothsayer on being consulted interpreted the miracle to signify that

The war with Troy would last for 9 years and that only in the 10th would the city be taken departure of the Greek Fleet to the fleet then set sail but mistaking the Mion Coast for that of Troy they landed troops and commenced to ravage the country Telus King of the mions who

Was a son of the Great Hero Heracles opposed them with a large army and succeeded in driving them back to their ships but was himself wounded in the engagement by the Spear of Achilles Petrus who fought valiantly by the side of his Kinsmen was also wounded

In this battle but Achilles who was a pupil of chyon carefully bound up the wound which he succeeded in healing and from this incident dates the celebrated friendship which Ever After existed between the two Heroes who even in death remained United the Greeks now returned to Alis meanwhile the wound of Telus

Proving incurable he consulted an Oracle and the response was that he alone who had inflicted the wound possessed the power of curing it Telus accordingly proceeded to the Greek camp where he was healed by Achilles and at the solicitation of ented to act as guide in The Voyage to

Troy just as the expedition was about to start for the second time Agamemnon had The Misfortune to kill a hind sacred to emis who in her anger sent continuous Cals which prevented the fleet from setting sail calus on being consulted announced that the sacrifice of igia the daughter of Agamemnon would alone

Appease the incensed goddess how Agamemnon at length overcame his feelings as a father and how igia was saved by herself has been already related in a previous chapter a fail wind having at length sprung up the fleet once more set sail they first stopped at the island of tanitos where

The famous Archer files who possessed the bow and arrows of herac given to him by the dying hero Was Bitten in the foot by a venomous snake so unbearable was the odor emitted by the wound that at the suggestion of odsis philes was conveyed to the Island of Lesbos where

To his great Chagrin he was abandoned to his fate and the fleet proceeded on their journey to Troy commencement of hostilities having received early intelligence of the impending invasion of their country the Trojans sought the assistance of the neighboring states who all gallantly responded to their call for help and thus ample preparations

Were made to receive the enemy King pram being himself too advanced in years for active service the command of the army devolved upon his eldest son the Brave and Valiant Hector at the approach of the Greek Fleet the Trojans appeared on the coast in order to prevent their Landing but great hesitation prevailed

Among the troops as to who should be the first to set foot on the enemy’s soil it having been predicted that whoever did so would fall a sacrifice to the faiths pilus of philas however nobly disregarding the ominous prediction leaped on Shore and fell by the hand of

Hector the Greeks then succeeded in affecting a landing and in the engagement which ensued the Trojans were signally defeated and driven to seek safety Behind the Walls of their city with Achilles at their head the Greeks now made a desperate attempt to take the City by storm but were repulsed with terrible

Losses after this defeat the Invaders foreseeing a long and wearisome campaign Drew up their ships on land erected tents huts and and formed an entrenched camp on the coast between the Greek camp and the City of of Troy was a plane watered by the river schander and samoy

And it was on this plane afterward so renowned in history that the ever memorable battles between the Greeks and Trojans were fought the impossibility of taking the City by storm was now recognized by the leaders of the Greek forces the Trojans on their side being less numerous than the enemy dared not

Venture on a great battle in the open field hence the war dragged on for many weary years without any decisive engagement M taking place it was about this time that odyusa revenge against pedes palom medz was one of the wisest most energetic and most upright of all

The Greek Heroes and it was in consequence of his unflagging Zeal and wonderful eloquence that most of the Chiefs had been induced to join the Expedition but the very qualities which endeared him to the hearts of his countrymen rendered him hateful in the eyes of his implacable enemy Odus who

Never forgave his having to protected his scheme to avoid joining the Army in order to affect the ruin of pomes odyusa vast sum of money he next wrote a letter purporting to be from King pre to paletes in which the former thanked the Greek hero effusively for the valuable

Information received from him referring at the same time to a large sum of money which he had sent to him as a reward this letter which was found upon the person of a frian prisoner was read aloud in a count of the Greek princes pedz was arraigned before the chiefs of

The army and accused of betraying his country to the enemy where Upon A search was instituted and a large sum of money being found in his tent he was pronounced guilty and sentenced to be stoned to death though fully aware of the base treachery practiced against him pomades offered not a word in

Self-defense knowing but too well that in the face of such damning evidence the attempt to prove his innocence would be vain defection of Achilles during the first year of the campaign the Greeks ravaged the surrounding country and pillaged the neighboring Villages upon one of these foraging Expeditions the city of pesus was sacked

And Agamemnon as commander-in-chief received as his share of the spoil the beautiful cus daughter of cres the priest of Apollo whilst to Achilles was allotted another captive the fair brus the following day cres anxious to Ransom his daughter repaired to the Greek camp but Agamemnon refused to

Acceed to his proposal and with rude and insulting words drove the old man away full of grief at the loss of his child crises called upon Apollo for Vengeance on her captor his prayer Was Heard and the God sent a dreadful pestilence which raged for 10 days in the camp of the

Greeks Achilles at length called together a council and inquired of calus the soothsayer how to arrest this terrible visitation of of the Gods the sea replied that Apollo incensed at the insult offered to his priest had sent the plague and that only by the surrender of crus could his anger be

Appeased on hearing this Agamemnon agreed to resign the maiden but being already embittered against calus for his prediction with regard to his own daughter Eugenia he now heaped insults upon the soothsayer and accused him of plotting against his interests Achilles espoused the cause of calus and a violent dispute arose in

Which the son of thetus would have killed his chief but for the timely interference of Palace aen who suddenly appeared beside him unseen by the rest and recalled him to a sense of the duty he owed to his Commander Agamemnon revenged himself on Achilles by depriving him of his beautiful captive

The fair brus who had become so attached to her kind and Noble captor that she wept bitterly on being removed from his charge Achilles now fairly disgusted with the UN generous conduct of his chief withdrew himself to his tent and obstinately declined to take further part in the war heart sore and dejected

He repaired to the seashore and there invoked the presence of his Divine mother in answer to his prayer thetus emerged from beneath the waves and comforted her Gallant son with the assurance that she would entreat the mighty Zeus to avenge his wrongs by giving Victory to the

Trojans so that the Greeks might learn to realize the great loss which they had sustained by his withdrawal from the the Army the Trojans being informed by one of their Spies of the defection of Achilles became emboldened by the absence of this Brave and Intrepid leader whom they feared above all the

Other Greek Heroes they accordingly sallied forth and made a bold and eminently successful attack upon the Greeks who although they most bravely and obstinately defended their position were completely routed and driven back to their entrenchments Agamemnon and most of the other Greek leaders being wounded in the engagement

Encouraged by this marked and Signal success the Trojans now commence to besiege the Greeks in their own camp at this juncture agamenon seeing the danger which threatened the Army sunk for the moment all personal Grievances and dispatched an embassy to Achilles consisting of many noble and distinguished Chiefs urgently entreating

Him to come to the assistance of his countrymen in this their hour of peril promising that not only should the fair brus be restored to him but also that the hand of his own daughter should be bestowed on him in marriage with seven towns as her dowy but the obstinate

Determination of the proud hero was not to be moved and though he listened courteously to the arguments and representations of The Messengers of Agamemnon his resolution to take no further part in the war remained unshaken in one of the engagements which took place soon afterwards the Trojans under the command of Hector penetrated

Into the Heart of the Greek camp and had already commenced to burn their ships when Petras seeing the distress of his countrymen earnestly besought Achilles to send him to the rescue at the head of the madans the better nature of the hero prevailed and he not only entrusted to

His friend the command of his Brave band of Warriors but lent him also his own suit of armor Petras having mounted the war Chariot of the hero Achilles lifted on high a Golden Goblet and poured out a libation of wine to the gods accompanied by an Earnest petition for victory and

The safe return of his beloved comrade as a parting injunction he warned Petrus against advancing too far into the territory of the enemy and intreated him to be content with rescuing the galys at the head of the mermans Petrus now made a desperate attack upon the enemy who thinking that

The Invincible Achilles was himself in command of his battalions became disheartened and were put to flight Petrus followed up his victory and pursued the Trojans as far as the walls of their City altogether forgetting in the excitement of battle the injunction of his friend Achilles but his tarity cost the young

Hero his life for he now encountered the mighty Hector himself and fell by his hands Hector stripped the armor from his dead Foe and would have dragged the body into the city had not menaus and Ajax the greater rushed forward and after a long and fierce struggle succeeded in rescuing it from

Desecration death of Hector and now came the mournful task of informing Achilles of the fate of his friend he wept bitterly over the dead body of his comrade and solemnly vowed that the ferial rights should not be solemnized in his honor until he had slain Hector with his own hands and captured 12

Trojans to be ulated on his funeral py all other considerations vanished before the burning desire to avenge the death of his friend and achilles now thoroughly aroused from his apathy became reconciled to Agamemnon and rejoined the Greek army at the request of the goddess thetus Fus forged for him

A new suit of armor which far surpassed in magnificence that of all the other Heroes thus gloriously arrayed he was soon seen striding along calling the Greeks to Arms he now led the troops against the enemy who were defeated and put to flight until near the gates of

The city Achilles and Hector encountered each other but here for the first time throughout his whole career the courage of the Trojan hero deserted him at the near approach of his redoutable antagonist he turned and fled for his life Achilles pursued him and Thrice round the walls of the city was the

Terrible race run in sight of the old king and queen who had mounted the walls to watch the battle Hector endeavored during each course to reach the city Gates so that his comrades might open them to admit him or cover him with their missiles but his adversary seeing

His design forced him into the open plane at the same time calling to his friends to hurl no spear upon his foe but to leave to him the Vengeance he had so long panted for at length wearied with the Hot Pursuit Hector made a stand and challenged his foe to single combat

A desperate encounter took place in which Hector succumbed to his powerful adversary at the ski and gate and with his last dying breath the Trojan hero foretold to his conqueror that he himself would soon perish on the same spot the infuriated Victor bound the lifeless course of his Fallen foe to his

Ch Chariot and dragged it three times round the city walls and then to the Greek Camp overwhelmed with horror at this terrible scene the Aged parents of Hector uttered such heart-rending cries of Anguish that they reached the ears of andromachi his faithful wife who rushing

To the walls beheld the dead body of her husband bound to the conqueror’s car Achilles now solemnized the ferial rights in honor of his friend Petras the dead body of the hero was born to the funeral pile by the mermans in full panoply his dogs and horses were then

Slain to accompany him in case he should need them in the realm of Shades after which Achilles in fulfillment of his Savage vow slaughtered 12 Brave Trojan captives who were laid on the funeral py which was now lighted when all was consumed the bones of Petrus were carefully collected

And enclosed in a golden ear Then followed the ferial games which consisted of chariot races fighting with the cestus a sort of boxing glove wrestling matches foot races and single combats with shield and spear in all of which the most distinguished Heroes took part and contended for the prizes pilad

Do after the death of Hector their great hope and bull workk the Trojans did not Venture beyond the walls of their city but soon their hopes were revived by the appearance of a powerful Army of Amazons under the command of their Queen penilia a daughter of Aries whose great ambition

Was to measure swords with the renowned Achilles himself and to avenge the death of the Valiant Hector hostilities now recommenced in the open plain penilia led the Trojan host the Greeks on their side being under the command of Achilles and Ajax whilst the latter succeeded in putting the enemy to flight Achilles was

Challenged by penilia to single combat with heroic courage she went forth to the fight but even the strongest men failed before the power of the great Achilles and though a daughter of Aries penilia was but a woman with generous chivalry the hero endeavored to spare the Brave and beautiful Maiden Warrior

And only when his own life was in imminent danger did he make a serious effort to Vanquish his enemy when penilia shared the fate of all who ventured to oppose the Spear of Achilles and fell by his hand feeling herself fatally wounded she remembered the desecration of the dead body of Hector

And earnestly intreated the forbearance of the hero but the petition was hardly necessary for Achilles full of compassion for his brave but unfortunate adversary lifted her gently from the ground and she expired in his arms on beholding the dead body of their leader in the possession of Achilles the

Amazons and Trojans prepared for a fresh attack in order to rest it from his hands but observing their purpose Achilles stepped forward and loudly called upon them to halt then in a few well-chosen words he praised the great Valor and intrepidity of the Fallen Queen and expressed his willingness to

Resign the body at once the chivalrous conduct of Achilles was fully appreciated by both Greeks and Trojans thides alone a base and cowardly wretch attributed unworthy motives to the gracious proceedings of the hero and not content with these insinuations he savagely pierced with his Lance the dead body of the Amazonian Queen whereupon

Achilles with one blow of his powerful arm F him to the ground and killed him on the spot the well-merited death of thides excited no commiseration but his Kinsman diamides came forward and claimed compensation for the murder of his relative and as Agamemnon who as commander-in-chief might easily have

Settled the difficulty refrained from interfering the proud nature of Achilles resented the implied condemnation of his conduct and he once more abandoned the Greek Army and took ship for Lesbos odyusa succeeded in inducing the hero to return to the camp death of Achilles a new ally of the Trojans now

Appeared on the field in the person of mnan the Ethiopian a son of EOS and Tanis who brought with him a powerful reinforcement of negroes mennan was the first opponent who had yet encountered Achilles on an equal footing for likee the great hero himself he was the son of a goddess and

Possessed also like Achilles a suit of armor made for him by hephestus before the heroes encountered each other in single combat the two goddesses thetus and EOS hastened to Olympus to intercede with its Mighty ruler for the life of their sons resolved even in this instance not to

Act in opposition to the mui Zeus seized the golden scales in which he weighed the lot of Mortals and placed in it the respective fates of the two Heroes whereupon out of mnan weighed down the balance thus pretending his death iOS abandoned Olympus in despair arrived on the battlefield she beheld the lifeless

Body of her son who after a long and brave defense had at length succumbed to the all conquering arm of Achilles at her command her children the winds flew down to the plain and seizing the body of the slain hero conveyed it through the air safe from the

Desecration of the enemy the Triumph of Achilles was not of long duration intoxicated with success he attempted at the head of the Greek army to storm the city of Troy when Paris by the aid of febus Apollo aimed a well-directed dart at the hero which pierced his vulnerable heel and he fell

To the ground fatally wounded before the ski and gate but though face to face with death the Intrepid Hero raising himself from the ground still performed prodigies of Valor and not until his tottering limbs refused their office was the enemy aware that the wound was Mortal by the combined efforts of Ajax

And Odus the body of Achilles was rested from the enemy after a long and terrible fight and conveyed to the Greek Camp weeping bitterly over the untimely fate of her Gallant son Theus came to embrace him for the last time and mingled her regrets and Lamentations with those of

The whole Greek army the funeral P was then lighted and the voices of the muses were heard chanting his funeral durge when according to the custom of the Ancients the body had been burned on the py the bones of the hero were collected enclosed in a golden ear and deposited

Beside the remains of his beloved friend Petras in the ferial Games celebrated in honor of the Fallen Hero the property of her son was offered by thetus as the prize of Victory but it was unanimously agreed that the beautiful suit of armor made by hephestus should be awarded to

Him who had contributed the most to the rescue of the body from the hands of the enemy popular opinion unanimously decided in favor of Odus which verdict was confirmed by the Trojan prisoners who were present at the engagement unable to endure the slight the unfortunate Ajax lost his reason and

In this condition put an end to his existence final measures thus were the Greeks deprived at one and the same time of their bravest and most powerful leader and of him also who approached the nearest to this distinction for a Time operation s were at a standstill until odyusa arranged Ambush to capture

Helenus the son of pram like his sister Cassandra helenus possessed the gift of Prophecy and the unfortunate youth was now coerced by Odus into using this gift against the welfare of his native City the Greeks learned from the Trojan Prince that three conditions were indispensible to the conquest of Troy in

The first place the son of Achilles must fight in their ranks secondly the arrows of Heracles must be used against the enemy and thirdly they must obtain possession of the wooden image of Palace athe the famous padium of Troy the first condition was easily fulfilled ever ready to serve the

Interests of the community odyusa to the island of cyos where he found neoplus the son of Achilles having succeeded in arousing the ambition of the fiery youth he generously resigned to him the Magnificent armor of his father and then conveyed Him to the Greek camp where he immediately distinguished himself in

Single combat with urpis the son of tfus who had come to the aid of the Trojans to procure the poison dipped arrows of Heracles was a matter of Greater difficulty they were still in the possession of the much aggrieved philotes who had remained in the island of lemnos his wound still

Unhealed suffering the most object misery but the judicious Zeal of the indefatigable and everactive odius who was accompanied in this undertaking by diamides at length gained the day and he induced philes to accompany him to the camp where the skillful leech McCain the son of asclepius healed him of his wound

Philipis became reconciled to Agamemnon and in an engagement which took place soon after he mortally wounded Paris the son of pryan but though pierced by the Fatal Arrow of the demigod death did not immediately ensue and Paris calling to mind the prediction of an oracle that his deserted wife Enon could alone cure

Him if wounded caused himself to be transported to her Abode on Mount Ida where he implored her by the memory of their past love to save his life but mindful only of her wrongs Enon crushed out of her heart every womanly feeling of pity and compassion and sternly bade

Him depart soon however all her former affection for her husband awoke within her with frantic haste she followed him but on her arrival in the city she found the dead body of Paris already laid on the lighted funeral pile and in her remorse and despair Enon threw herself

On the lifeless form of her husband and perished in the Flames the Trojans were now shut up within their walls and closely besieged but the third and most difficult condition being still unfulfilled all efforts to take the city were unavailing in this emergency the wise and devoted odyusa of his comrade

Having disfigured himself with self-inflicted wounds he assumed the disguise of a wretched old mendicant and then crept stealthly into the city in order to discover where the Palladium was preserved he succeeded in his object and was recognized by no one save the fair Helen who after the death of Paris had

Been given in marriage to his brother diabas but since death had robbed her of her lover the heart of the Greek princess had turned yearningly towards her native country and her husband menus and OD IUS now found in her most unlooked for Ally on his return to the

Camp Odus called to his Aid the Valiant diamides and with his assistance the perilous task of abstracting the Palladium from its sacred precincts was after some difficulty affected the conditions of Conquest being now fulfilled a council was called to decide on Final proceedings epio a Greek sculptor who had accompanied the expedition was

Desired to construct a colossal wooden horse large enough to contain a number of able and distinguished Heroes on its completion a band of Warriors concealed themselves within whereupon the Greek army broke up their camp and then set fire to it as though wearied of the long and tedious 10year Siege they had

Abandoned the Enterprise as hopeless accompanied by Agamemnon and the sage Nester the fleet set sail for the island of tanitos where they cast anchor anxiously awaiting the torch signal to hasten back to the Trojan Coast destruction of Troy when the Trojans saw the enemy depart and the Greek camp in Flames they believed

Themselves safe at last and streamed in great numbers out of the town in order to view the site where the Greeks had so long encamped here they found the gigantic wooden horse which they examined with wondering curiosity various opinions being expressed with regard to its utility some supposed it to be an engine

Of war and were in favor of destroying it others regarded it as a sacred Idol and proposed that it should be brought into the city two circumstances which now occurred induced the Trojans to Incline towards the latter opinion Chief among those who suspected a treacherous design in this huge contrivance was

Leoan a priest of Apollo who in company with his two young Sons had issued from the city with the Trojans in order to offer a sacrifice to the gods with all the eloquence at his command he urged his countrymen not to place confidence in any gift of the Greeks and even when

Went so far as to pierce the side of the horse with a spear which he took from a warrior beside him whereupon the arms of the heroes were heard to Rattle the hearts of the brave men concealed inside the horse quailed within them and they had already given themselves up for lost

When palis AE whoever watched over the cause of the Greeks now came to their aid and a miracle occurred in order to Blind and deceive the devoted Trojans for the fall of Troy was decreed by the Gods whilst leoan with his two sons stood prepared to perform the sacrifice two enormous serpents suddenly

Rose out of the sea and made direct for the altar they entwined themselves first round the tender limbs of the helpless youths and then encircled their father who rushed to their assistance and thus all three were destroyed in sight of the horrified multitude the Trojans naturally interpreted the fate of leoan and his

Sons to be a punishment sent by Zeus for his sacrilege against the wooden horse and were now fully ConEd convinced that it must be consecrated to the gods The Crafty odyusa action assuming the role assigned to him he now approached King Priam with fettered hands and Pious entreaties

Alleging that the Greeks in obedience to the command of an oracle had attempted to imilate him as a sacrifice but that he had contrived to escape from their hands and now sought protection from the king the kind-hearted Arch believing His Story released his bonds assured him of his favor and then

Begged him to explain the true meaning of the wooden horse sonan willingly complied he informed the king that palis AE who had hitherto been the hope and stay of the Greeks throughout the war was so deeply offended at the removal of Her Sacred image the Palladium from her

Temple in Troy that she had withdrawn her protection from the Greeks and refused all further Aid till it was restored to its rightful place hence the Greeks had returned home in order to seek fresh instructions from an oracle but before leaving calus the Seer had advised their building this gigantic

Wooden horse as a tribute to the offended goddess hoping thereby to appease her just anger he further explained that it had been constructed of such colossal proportions in order to prevent its being brought into the city so that the favor of Palace aen might not be transferred to the

Trojans hardly had the crafty sonan ceased speaking when the Trojans with one Accord urged that the wooden horse should be brought into their City without delay the gates being too low to admit its entrance a breach was made in the walls and the horse was conveyed in

Triumph into the very heart of Troy whereupon the Trojans Overjoyed at what they deemed the successful issue of the campaign abandoned themselves to feasting and rioting amidst the universal rejoicing the unhappy Cassandra foreseeing the result of the admission of the wooden horse into the city was seen rushing through the

Streets with wild gestures and disheveled hair warning her people against the dangers which awaited them but her eloquent words fell on deaf ears for it was ever the fate of the unfortunate prophetess that her predictions should find no Credence when after the day’s excitement the Trojans had retired to rest and all

Was hushed and Silent sonan in the dead of night released the heroes from their voluntary imprisonment the signal was then given to the Greek Fleet lying off toito and the whole Army in unbroken silence once more landed on the Trojan Coast to enter the city was now an easy matter and a

Fearful Slaughter ensued aroused from their Slumbers the Trojans under the command of their bravest leaders made a gallant defense but were easily overcome all their most Valiant Heroes fell in the fight and soon the whole city was wrapped in Flames pram fell by the hand of neop tmus who killed him as

He lay prostrate before the altar of Zeus praying for divine assistance in this awful hour of peril the unfortunate andromachi with her young son aenx had taken refuge on the summit of a tower where she was discovered by The Victors who fearing lest the son of Hector might

One day rise against them to avenge the death of his father tore him from her arms and hurled him over the battlements inas alone the son of Aphrodite the Beloved of Gods and Men escaped the universal Carnage with his son and his old father and cises whom he

Carried on his shoulders out of the city he first sought refuge on Mount Ida and afterwards fled to Italy where he became the ancestral hero of the Roman people menaus now sought Helen in the Royal Palace who being Immortal still retained all her former Beauty and Fascination a Reconciliation took place

And she accompanied her husband on his Homeward Voyage andromachi the Widow of the Brave he was given in marriage to neoplus Cassandra fell to the share of Agamemnon and hecuba the gray-haired and widowed Queen was made prisoner by odius the boundless Treasures of the wealthy Trojan King fell into the hands

Of the Greek Heroes who after having leveled the city of Troy to the ground prepared for their Homeward Voyage Return of the Greeks from Troy during the sacking of the city of Troy the Greeks in the hour of Victory committed many acts of desecration cruelty which called down upon them the

Wrath of the Gods for which reason their Homeward Voyage was beset with manifold dangers and disasters and many perished before they reached their native land Nester diamides filotes and neop tmus were among those who arrived safely in Greece after a prosperous Voyage The Vessel which carried menaus and Helen

Was driven by violent tempests to the coast of Egypt and only after many years of weary wanderings and vicissitudes did did they succeed in reaching their home at Sparta Ajax the Lesser having offended Palace aen by desecrating her temple on the night of the destruction of Troy was Shipwrecked off Cape

Capraras he succeeded however in clinging to a rock and his life might have been spared but for his impious boast that he needed not the help of the Gods no sooner had he uttered the sacrilegious words than posidon enraged at his audacity split with his Trident

The Rock to which the hero was clinging and the unfortunate Ajax was overwhelmed by the waves fate of Agamemnon the Homeward Voyage of Agamemnon was tolerably uneventful and prosperous but on his arrival at meini Misfortune and ruin awaited him his wife C mistra in Revenge for the sacrifice of

Her beloved daughter Eugenia had formed a secret Alliance during his absence with ustus the son of vestus and on the return of agamenon they both conspired to Compass his destruction clam mistra feigned the greatest joy on beholding her husband and in spite of the Urgent warnings of Cassandra who was

Now a captive in his train he received her protestations of affection with the most trusting confidence in her well assumed anxiety for the comfort of the weary traveler she prepared a warm bath for his refreshment and at a given signal from the treacherous Queen iisus who was concealed in an adjoining chamber rushed

Upon the defenseless hero and slew him during the Massacre of the retainers of Agamemnon which followed his daughter Electra with great presence of Mind contrived to save her young brother orestes he fled for Refuge to his uncle stopus King Of fosis Who educated him with his own son pilotes and an Ardent

Friendship sprung up between the youths which from its constancy and disinterestedness has become proverbial as orestes grew up to manhood his one great all-absorbing desire was to avenge the death of his father accompanied by his faithful friend pilotes he repaired in Disguise to meini where ustus and clam mistra reigned

Conjointly over the kingdom of Argos in order to disarm suspicion he had taken the precaution to dispatch a messenger to Clon mistra reporting to be sent by King stopus to announce to her the untimely death of her son orestes through an accident during a chariot race at

Deli arrived at meini he found his sister Electra so overwhelmed with grief at the news of her brother’s death that to her he revealed his identity when he heard from her lips how cruy she had been treated by her mother and how joyfully the news of his demise had been

Received his long pent up passion completely overpowered him and rushing into the presence of the king and queen he first pierced cly mistra to the heart and afterwards her guilty partner but the crime of murdering his own mother was not long unavenged by the gods hardly was the Fatal act committed when

The furies appeared and unceasingly pursued the unfortunate orestes wherever he went in this wretched plight he sought refuge in the temple of Deli where he earnestly besought Apollo to release him from his cruel tormentors the god commanded him in experation of his crime to repair to teteris and convey the statue of Artemis

From then to the kingdom of adeka an expedition fraught with extreme Peril we have already seen in a former chapter how orestes escaped the Fate which befell all strangers who landed on the tan coast and how with the aid of his sister epia the Priestess of the temple

He succeeded in conveying the statue of the goddess to his native country but the furies did not so easily relinquish their prey and only by means of the interposition of the just and Powerful goddess Palace aen was orestes finally liberated from their persecution his peace of mind being at

Length restored orestes assumed the government of the kingdom of Argos and became United to the Beautiful beautiful Hermione daughter of Helen and menus on his faithful friend pilotes he bestowed the hand of his beloved sister the good and faithful Electra Homeward Voyage of odyusa captured during the sacking of

Troy odyusa with a light heart for his Rocky island home of Ithaca at length the happy hour had arrived which for 10 long years the hero had so anxiously awaited and he little dreamt that 10 more must elapse before he would be permitted by the fates to clasp to his

Heart his beloved wife and child during his Homeward Voyage his little fleet was driven by stress of weather to a land whose inhabitants subsisted entirely on a curious plant called the Lotus which was sweet as honey to The Taste but had the effect of causing utter Oblivion of

Home and Country and of creating an irresistible longing to remain forever in the land of the Lotus Eaters Odus and his companions were hospitably received by the inhab inhabitants who regaled them freely with their peculiar and very delicious food after partaking of which however the comrades of the hero refused

To leave the country and it was only by sheer force that he at length succeeded in bringing them back to their ships pemus continuing their Journey they next arrived at the country of the Cyclops a race of giants remarkable for having only one eye which was placed in the center of their

Foreheads here odius whose love of Adventure overcame more prudent considerations left his Fleet safely anchored in the Bay of a neighboring Island and with 12 chosen companions set out to explore the country near the shore they found a vast cave into which they boldly entered in the interior they

Saw to their surprise huge piles of cheese and great pales of milk ranged round the walls after partaking freely of these Provisions his companions endeavored to persuade odsis to return to the ship but the hero being curious to make the acquaintance of the owner of this extraordinary Abode ordered them to

Remain and await his pleasure towards evening a fierce giant made his appearance bearing an enormous load of wood upon his shoulders and driving before him a large flock of sheep this was pemus the son of posidon the owner of the cave after all his sheep had entered the giant rolled before the

Entrance to the cave an enormous Rock which the combined strength of a 100 men would have been powerless to move having kindled a fire of great logs of pinewood he was about to prepare his supper when the Flames revealed to him in a corner of the cavern its new occupants who now

Came forward and informed him that they were Shipwrecked Mariners and claimed his Hospitality in the name of Zeus but the fierce monster railed at the great ruler of Olympus for the Lawless Cyclops knew no fear of the Gods and hardly vouch safe a reply to the demand of the hero to the

Consternation of Odus the giant seized two of his companions and after dashing them to the ground consumed their remains washing down the ghastly meal with huge drafts of milk he then stretched his gigantic limbs on the ground and soon fell fast asleep beside the fire thinking the opportunity a

Favorable one to rid himself and his companions of their terrible enemy odyusa sword and creeping stealthily forward was about to slay the Giant when he suddenly remembered that the aperture of the cave was effectually closed by the immense Rock which rendered ESS impossible he therefore wisely determined to wait until the following

Day and set his wits to work in the meantime to devise a scheme by which he and his companions might make their escape when early next morning the giant awoke two more unfortunate Companions of the hero were seized by him and devoured after which pemus leisurely drove out

His flock taking care to secure the entrance of the cave as before next evening the giant devoured two more of his victims and when he had finished his revolting meal Odus stepped forward and presented him with a large measure of wine which he had brought with him from

His ship in a goat’s skin delighted with the delicious beverage the giant inquired the name of the donor odius replied that his name was nomen whereupon polyus graciously announced that he would evince his gratitude by eating him the last the monster thoroughly overcome with the powerful

Old liquor soon fell into a heavy sleep and Odysseus lost no time in putting his plans into execution he had cut during the day a large piece of the Giant’s own Olive staff which he now heated in the fire and aided by his companions thrust it into the eyeball of polyphemus and in

This manner effectually blinded him the giant made the cave ReSound with his howls of pain and rage his cries being heard by his brother Cyclops who lived in caves not far distant from from his own they soon came trooping over the hills from all sides and assailed the

Door of the cave with inquiries concerning the cause of his cries and groans but as his only reply was no man has injured me they concluded that he had been playing them a trick and therefore abandoned him to his fate the blinded giant now groped vainly round

His cave in hopes of laying hands on some of his tormentors but wearied at length of these fruitless exertions he rolled away the rock which closed the aperture thinking that his victims would rush out with the Sheep when it would be an easy matter to capture them but in the meantime

Odyusa was now brought into play and proved more than a match for the giant strength the Sheep were very large and odsis with bands of Willow taken from the bed of poopus had cleverly linked them together three AB breast and under each Center one had secured one of his

Comrades after providing for the safety of his companions Odus himself himself selected the finest Ram of the flock and by clinging to the wool of the animal made his Escape as the Sheep passed out of the Cave the giant felt carefully among them for his victims but not

Finding them on the backs of the animals he let them pass and thus they all escaped they now hastened on board their vessel and odyusa safe distance shouted out his real name and mockingly defied the giant whereupon polyus seized a huge Rock and following the direction of the voice

Purled it towards the ship which narrowly escaped destruction he then called upon his father posidon to avenge him entreating him to curse odyusa Voyage to destroy all his ships and all his companions and to make his return as late as unhappy and as desolate as possible Further Adventures

Dot after sailing about over unknown Seas for some time the hero and his followers cast anchor at the island of Elis King of the Winds who welcomed them cordially and sumptuously entertained them for a whole month when they took their leave he gave odsis the skin of an

Ox into which he had placed all the contrary winds in order to ensure to them a safe and Speedy voyage and then having cautioned him on no account to open it caused the gentle zepherus to blow so that he might waft them to the shores of Greece on the evening of the

10th day after their departure they arrived in sight of the watchfires of Ithaca but here un fortunately odyusa had given him a treasure in the bag which he so sedulously guarded seized this opportunity of opening it whereupon all the adverse winds rushed out and drove them back to the eolian

Island this time however Elis did not welcome them as before but dismissed them with bitter reproaches and upgradings for their disregard of his injunctions after a 6 days Voyage they had lengths sited land observing what appeared to be the smoke from a large Town Odus dispatched a heral accompanied

By two of his comrades in order to procure Provisions when they arrived in the city they discovered to their consternation that they had set foot in the land of the lones a race of Fierce and gigantic cannibals governed by their King antipodes the unfortunate Herald was

Seized and killed by the king but his two companions who took to flight succeeded in reaching their ship in safety and urgently intreated their Chief to put to sea without delay but antipodes and his fellow Giants pursued the fugitives to the seashore where they now appeared in large numbers They

Seized huge rocks which they hurled upon the fleet sinking 11 of the ships with all hands on board the vessel under the immediate command of odyusa Destruction in this ship with his few remaining followers Odus Now set sail but was driven by adverse winds to an island called aeaa

Cersei the hero and his companions were in sore need of Provisions but warned by previous disasters odyss resolved that only a certain number of the ship’s crew should be despatched to reconnoiter the country and on Lots being drawn by odyusa it fell to the share of the

Latter to fill the office of conductor to the little band selected for this purpose they soon came to a magnificent marble Palace which was situated in a charming and fertile Valley here dwelt a beautiful enchantress called Cersei daughter of the Sun God and the Cy purse

The entrance to her Abode was guarded by wolves and lions who however to the great surprise of the strangers were tame and harmless as Lambs these were in fact human beings who by the wicked Arts of the Sorceress had been thus transformed from within they heard the

Enchanting voice of the goddess who was singing a sweet melody as she sat at her work weaving a web such as Immortals alone could produce she graciously invited them to enter and all Save The Prudent and cautious Urus accepted the invitation as they trod the wide and spacious Halls of tessellated marble

Objects of wealth and Beauty met their view on all sides the soft and luxuriant couches on which she bade them be seated were studded with silver and the banquet which she provided for their refreshment was served in vessels of pure gold but while her unsuspecting guests were abandoning themselves to the pleasures

Of the table the wicked enchantress was secretly working their ruin for the wine cup which was presented to them was drugged with a potent draft after partaking of which the Sorceress touched them with her magic wand and they were immediately transformed into swine still however retaining their human senses when

Odyusa of the terrible fate which had befallen his companions he said out out regardless of personal danger resolved to make an effort to rescue them on his way to the Palace of the Sorceress he met a fair youth bearing a wand of gold who revealed himself to him as Hermes

The Divine messenger of the Gods he gently reproached the hero for his tarity in venturing to enter the Abode of Cersei unprovided with an antidote against her spells and presented him with a peculiar herb called moly assuring him that it would inevitably counteract the banful Arts of the feling

Enchantress Hermes warned odsis that Cersei would offer him a draft of drugged wine with the intention of transforming him as she had done his companions he bade him drink the wine the effect of which would be completely nullified by the herb which he had given him and then Rush boldly at the

Sorceress as though he would take her life whereupon her power over him would cease she would recognize her master and Grant him whatever he might desire Cersei received the hero with all the grace and fast ination at her command and presented him with a draft of wine

In a Golden Goblet this he readily accepted trusting to the efficacy of the antidote then in obedience to the injunction of Hermes he drew his sword from its Scabbard and rushed upon the sorcerous as though he would slay her when Cersei found that her Fel purpose was for the first time frustrated and

That a mortal had dared to attack her she knew that it must be the great Odysseus who stood before her whose visit to her Abode had been foretold to her by Hermes at his solicitation she restored to his companions their human form promising at the same time that

Henceforth the hero and his comrades should be free from her enchantments but all warnings and past experience were forgotten by odyusa commenced to exercise upon him her Fascinations and blandishments at her request his companions took up their Abode in the island and he himself became the guest

And slave of the enchantress for a whole year and it was only a the earnest admonition of his friends that he was at length induced to free himself from her toils Cersei had become so attached to the Gallant hero that it cost her a great effort to part with him but having

Vowed not to exercise her magic spells against him she was powerless to detain him further the goddess now warned him that his future would be beset with many dangers and commanded him to consult the blind old Seer tyus 52 in the realm of Hades concerning his future Destiny she

Then loaded his ship with Provisions for the voyage and reluctantly bade him farewell the realm of Shades though somewhat appalled at the prospect of seeking the weird and gloomy Realms inhabited by the spirits of the dead odyusa of the goddess who gave him full directions with regard to his course and

Also certain injunctions which it was important that he should carry out with strict attention to detail he accordingly set sail with his companions for the dark and gloomy land of the samarians which lay at the furthermost end of the world beyond the great stream oenus favored by gentle breezes they

Soon reached their destination in the Far West on arriving at the spot indicated by Cersei where the turbid Waters of the rivers acaron and coitis mingled at the entrance to the lower World odsis landed unattended by his companions having dug a trench to receive the blood of the sacrifices he

Now offered a black RAM and you to the powers of Darkness whereupon clows of Shades rose up from the yawning Gulf clustering around him eager to quaff the blood of the sacrifice which would restore to them for a time their mental Vigor but mindful of the injunction of Cersei

Odyusa until tyresius had appeared the great prophet now came slowly forward leaning on his golden staff and after drinking of the sacrifice proceeded to impart to odius the hidden secrets of his future fate tyresius also warned him of the numerous perils which would assail him not only during his Homeward

Voyage but also on his return to Ithaca and then instructed him how to avoid them meanwhile numbers of other Shades had quaffed the sense Awakening draft of the sacrifice among whom odius recognized to his dismay his tenderly loved mother anticlea from her he learned that she had died of grief at her son’s

Protracted absence and that his aged father leres was wearing his life away in vain and anxious longings for his return he also conversed with the ill-fated Agamemnon Petrus and achilles the latter bemoaned his shadowy and unreal existence and plaintively assured his former companion in arms that rather would he be the poorest day

Laborer on Earth than reign supreme as king over the realm of Shades Ajax alone who still brooded over his wrongs held aloof refusing to converse with Odus and suly retired when the hero addressed him but at last So Many Shades came swarming around him that the courage of odsis

Failed him and he fled in Terror back to his ship having rejoined his companions they once more put to Sea and proceeded on their Homeward Voyage the sirens after some days sale their course LED them pass the island of the sirens now Cersei had warned odyusa of these treacherous nymphs for

That all who gave ear to their enticing strains felt an unconquerable desire to LEAP overboard and join them when they either perished at their hands or were engulfed by the waves in order that his crew should not hear the song of the sirens odyusa but the hero himself so dearly

Loved Adventure that he could not resist the temptation of braving this new danger by his own desire therefore he was lashed to the Mast and his comrades had strict orders on no account to release him until they were out of sight of the island no matter how he might imp

Them to set him free as they neared the Fatal Shore they beheld the sirens seated side by side on The Verdant slopes of their Island and as their sweet and alluring strains fell upon his ear the hero became so powerfully affected by them that forgetful of all danger he intreated his comrades to

Release him but the sailors obedient to their orders refused to unbind him until the Enchanted Island had disappeared from view the danger passed the hero gratefully acknowledged the firmness of his followers which had been the means of saving his life the island of heliostat they now approached the

Terrible dangers of Sila and caribdis between which Cersei had desired them to pass as odyusa the great Rock Sila swooped down and seized six of his crew from the deck and the cries of her wretched victims long rang in his ears at length they reached the island of trinacria Sicily

Whereon the sun god pastured his FL blocks and herds and Odus calling to mind the warning of tyresius to avoid this sacred Island would Fain have steered The Vessel passed and left the country unexplored but his crew became mutinous and insisted on Landing odius was therefore obliged to yield but before

Allowing them to set foot on Shore he made them take an oath not to touch the sacred herds of Helios and to be ready to sail again on the following morning it happened unfortunately however that stress of weather compelled them to remain a whole month at trinacria and

The store of Wine and Food given to them by Cersei at parting being completely exhausted they were obliged to subsist on what fish and birds the island afforded frequently there was not sufficient to satisfy their hunger and one evening when odyss worn out with anxiety and fatigue had fallen asleep

Urus persuaded the hungry men to break their vows and kill some of the Sacred oxen Dreadful was the anger of Helios who caused the hides of the slaughtered animals to creep and the joints on The Spits to Bellow like living cattle and threatened that unless seus punished the

Impious crew he would withdraw his light from the heavens and shine only in Hades anxious to appease the enraged deity Zeus assured him that his cause should be Avenged when therefore after feasting for seven days odyusa again set sail the ruler of Olympus caused a terrible storm to

Overtake them during which the ship was struck with lightning and went to Pieces all the crew were drowned except odyusa to a mast floated about in the open sea for 9 days when after once more escaping being sucked in by the whirlpool of carbus he was cast ashore on the island of ojia

Calypso oia was an Island covered with dense forests where in the midst of a Grove of Cyprus and popper stood the Charming Grotto Palace of the nymph Calypso daughter of the Atlas the entrance to The Grotto was entwined with a leafy trellis work of Vine branches from which depended

Clusters of purple and golden grapes the plashing of fountains gave a delicious sense of coolness to the air which was filled with the songs of birds and the ground was carpeted with violets and mosses Calypso cordially welcomed the forlorn and Shipwrecked hero and hospitably ministered to his wants in

The course of time she became so greatly attached to him that she offered him immortality and eternal youth if he would consent to remain with her forever but the heart of odius turned yearningly towards his beloved wife Penelope and his young son he therefore refused the Boon and earnestly intreated the gods to

Permit him to revisit his home but the curse of posidon still followed the unfortunate hero and for seven long years he was detained on the island by Calypso sorely against his will at length palis aine interceded with her Mighty father on his behalf and Zeus yielding to her request forth with

Dispatched the fleet-footed Hermes to Calypso commanding her to permit Odus to depart and to provide him with the means of Transport the goddess though loath to part with her guest dared not disobey the commands of the mighty Zeus she therefore instructed the hero how to construct a raft for which she herself

Wo the sails odsis now bade her farewell and alone and unad embarked on the frail little craft for his native land NASA for 17 days odyusa skillfully through all the Perils of the deep directing his course according to the directions of calypso and guided by the stars of Heaven on the

18th day he joyfully hailed the distant outline of the fan coast and began to look forward hopefully to Temporary rest and shelter but posidon still enraged with the hero who had blinded and insulted his son caused caused an awful Tempest to arise during which the raft was swamped by the waves and odyusa

Himself by clinging for Bare life to a portion of the wreck for two days and nights he floated about drifted hither and thither by the angry Billows till at last after many a narrow Escape of his life the sea goddess leoa came to his Aid and he was cast ashore on the coast

Of skira the island of the luxurious feces worn out with the hardships and dangers he had passed through he crept into a Thicket for security and lying down on a bed of dried leaves soon fell fast asleep it chaned that NASA the beautiful daughter of King elois and his

Queen arate had come down to the shore accompanied by her maidens to wash the linen which was destined to form part of her marriage portion when they had finished their task they bathed and sat down to a repast after which they amused themselves with singing and playing at

Ball their joyous shouts at last awoke a Odysseus who rising from his hiding place suddenly found himself in the midst of the happy group alarmed at his wild aspect the attendance of NASA fled in Terror but the princess pitying the forlorn condition of the stranger addressed him with kind and sympathetic

Words after hearing from him the account of his shipwreck and the terrible hardships he had undergone nasat called back her attendant reproached them for their want of courtesy and bade them Supply The Wanderer with food drink and suitable reignment odius then left the maidens to resume their games whilst

He bathed and clothed himself with the garments with which they had furnished him Athen now appeared to the hero and endowed him with a commanding and magnificent stature and with more than mortal Beauty when he reappeared the young princess was struck with admiration and requested the hero to

Visit the Palace of her father she then desired her attendants to Yoke the mules to the wagons and prepare to return home home odius was cordially received by the king and queen who entertained him with magnificent hospitality and in return for their kindness the hero related to

Them the history of his long and eventful voyage and the many extraordinary adventures and miraculous escapes which had befallen him since his departure from the coast of alen when he at last took leave of his Royal entertainers Alois loaded him with Rich gifts and ordered him to be conveyed in

One of his own ships to itha arrival at iadot the voyage was a short and prosperous one by the direction of King elois Rich Furs had been laid on deck for the comfort of his guest on which the hero leaving the guidance of the ship to the fan Sailors soon fell into a

Deep sleep when next morning The Vessel arrived in the harbor of Ithaca the sailors concluding that so unusually profound a slumber must be sent by the gods conveyed him on shore without disturbing him where they gently placed him beneath the cool shade of an olive tree when odyusa woke he knew not where

He was for his ever watchful protectress Palace aine had enveloped him in a thick cloud in order to conceal him from view she now appeared to him in the disguise of a shepherd and informed him that he was in his native land that his father Lees bent with sorrow in old age had

Withdrawn from the court that his son telemates had grown to manhood and was gone to seek for Tidings of his father and that his wife Penelope was harassed by the importunities of numerous suitors who had taken possession of his home and devoured his substance in order to gain time Penelope

Had promised to marry one of her lovers as soon as she had finished weaving a robe for the Aged leres but by secretly undoing at night what she had done in the day she effectually [ __ ] the completion of the work and thus deferred her final

Reply just as odsis had set foot in itha the angry suitors had discovered her strategy and had become in consequence more clamorous than ever when the hero heard that this was indeed his native land which after an absence of 20 years the gods had at length permitted him to behold once more he

Threw himself on the ground and kissed it in an ecstasy of Joy the goddess who had meanwhile revealed her identity to odyusa neighboring cave the valuable gifts of the fan King then seating herself beside him she consulted with him as to the best means of ridding his Palace of its Shameless occup

In order to prevent his being recognized she caused him to assume the form of an aged mendicant his limbs became decrepit his brown locks vanished his eyes grew dim and blured and the Regal robes given to him by King elois were replaced by a tattered Garb of dingy Hue which hung

Loosely round his shrunken form Athen then desired him to seek shelter in the Hut of Yus his own swine herd yumas received the old beggar hospitably kindly ministered to his wife and even confided to him his distress at the long continued absence of his beloved old master and his regrets at

Being compelled by the unruly Invaders of his house to slaughter for their use all the finest and fattest of the herd it chanced that the following morning telemates returned from his long and fruitless search for his father and going first to the Hut of Yus heard from

Him the story of the seeming beggar whom he promised to befriend Athen now urged and at her touch his Beggar’s Rags disappeared and he stood before telemates arrayed in Royal robes and in the full strength and vigor of manhood so imposing was the appearance of the hero that at first the Young Prince

Thought he must be a God but when he was convinced that it was indeed his beloved father whose prolonged absence had caused him so much grief he fell upon his neck and embraced him with every expression of dutiful affection odsis charged telemates to keep his return a

Secret and concerted with him a plan whereby they might rid themselves of the detested suitors in order to carry it into effect telemates was to induce his mother to promise her hand to the one who could conquer in shooting with the famous bow of odyusa a treasure to be taken with him

Odyusa his Beggar’s dress and appearance and accompanied his son to the Palace before the door of which lay his faithful dog Argo who though worn and Fe with age and neglect instantly recognized his master in his Delight the poor animal made a last effort to welcome him but his strength was

Exhausted and he expired at his feet when odsis entered his ancestral Halls he was mocked and reviled by the rius suitors and antinis the most Shameless of them all ridiculed his abject appearance and insolently bade him depart but Penelope hearing of their cruel conduct was touched with compassion and desired her maidens to

Bring the poor mendicant into her presence she spoke kindly to him inquiring who he was and whence he came he told her that he was the brother of the king of creit in whose Palace he had seen odyusa and had declared his intention of arriving there before the year was out

The queen Overjoyed at the happy Tidings ordered her maidens to prepare a bed for the stranger and to treat him as an honored guest she then desired the old nurse ulea to provide him with suitable reignment and to attend to all his wants as the old servant was bathing his feet

Her eyes fell upon a scar which odyusa wild boar and instantly recognizing the Beloved Master whom she had nursed as a babe she would have cried aloud in her Joy but the hero placing his hand upon her mouth implored her not to betray him the next day was a

Festival of Apollo and the suitors in honor of the occasion feasted with more than their accustom rry after the banquet was over Penelope taking down the great bow of odyusa and declared that whosoever of her lovers could bend it and send an arrow through 12 Rings a feat which she

Had often seen Odus perform should be chosen by her as her husband all the suitors tried their skill but in vain not one possessed the strength required to draw the bow odyusa no mocked at his audacity and would not have permitted it had not telemates interfered the pretended beggar took up

The bow and with the greatest ease sent an arrow whizzing through the Rings then turning to antinis who was just raising a goblet of wine to his lips he pierced him to the heart at this the suitors sprang to their feet and looked round for their arms but in obedience to the

Instructions of Odysseus telemates had previously removed them he and his father now attacked the rius rers and after after a desperate encounter not one of the whole crew remained alive the joyful intelligence of the return of odyusa she descended to the hall but refused to recognize in the age of

Beggar her Gallant husband whereupon he retired to the bath from which he emerged in all the Vigor and Beauty with which athine had endowed him at the court of elois but Penelope still incredulous determined to put him to a sure test she therefore commanded in his hearing that

His own bed should be brought from his chamber now the foot of this bed had been fashioned by Odysseus himself out of the stem of an olive tree which was still rooted in the ground and round it he had built the walls of the chamber knowing therefore that the bed could not

Be moved he exclaimed that the errand was useless for that no mortal could stir it from its place then Penelope knew that it must be odius himself who stood before her and a most touching and affectionate meeting took place between the long separ ated husband and wife the

Following day the hero set out to seek his old father leis whom he found on one of his Estates in the country engaged in digging up a young Olive Tree the poor old man who was dressed in the humble Garb of a labor bore the traces of deep

Grief on his furrowed countenance and so shocked was his son at the change in his appearance that for a moment he turned aside to conceal his tears when odyusa himself to his father as the son whom he had so long mourned as lost the joy of

The poor old man was almost greater than he could bear with loving care odius led him into the house where at length for the first time since the departure of his son leodes once more resumed his Regal robes and piously thanked the gods for this great and unlooked for

Happiness but not yet was the hero permitted to enjoy his well- earned Repose for the friends and relatives of the suitors now Rose in Rebellion against him and pursued him to the Abode of his father the struggle however was but a short one after a brief contest negotiations of a peaceful nature were

Entered into between odsis and his subjects recognizing the justice of his cause they became reconciled to their Chief who for many years continued to Reign Over them

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