Welcome again to the ptic is and in this session we will study the news current affairs and yes whatever the editorial that has been covered in a detail manner with respect to the its relevance with the upsc as well as state PES and the other competitive examination today’s
The major topic that we are going to cover we will start with the this gutka maral art this is associated with the six maral tradition maral art tradition so this is associated with GS paper one art and culture section after that we will study this no country can develop
By the wiping out okay this is not that much uh this is just historical factor and yes it is a statement from our prime minister so yes we should study so we will see just in a very brief this is political we will not go to the deeper
Okay consensus with the state and energy security are part of the reform so this is very important with respect to this economic trajectory that government is thinking in the future so GSP paper three we will study this is the this is interview from our economic advisor then we will study this case of
The bonded label what is the perspective of the society how this is uh how this is taken by the those of the bonded labels and their parents so there is a very good case history so it is part of GSP one Society okay after that we will study this the path towards the
Pluralistic Civil Society very important it is important for the GS paper 2 GS paper 1 s so we will discuss this in a very detailed manner because this talks about the Preble constitutional constitutional value very important we will discuss in a very comprehensive manner okay so GS
Paper 2 GS paper one as say all in all where it will be it will provide some input Center solar initiative so already we have done we will see some of the additional provision with respect to that yes how it is going to impact then we will study this India incentivize the
Must incentivize the fishermen to give up bottom toing bottom toing is not good for the uh sea and oceanic environment it kill the diversity so we will study next we will study about there is the article with respect to the micro U credential this will be uh associated
With GS paper 2 education this is U education sector as well as GS paper 3 employment okay so all this we will deal in a very detailed manner let’s start with the first topic the first front phase this is political news what is the condition that is situation that is
Going into the uh this uh jarand so there is the flow test let’s see see how the MLS are trustworthy to their ideological ideology their party this is the way this is going on this us and UK now they are killing this hoe and uh yes
We saw that in the Jordan there was the attack on the US troops there was uh three soldiers get killed okay so now we see this is Iranian Islamic revolutionary God crops crop they are being targeted by the this okay so this is all about that is going on you can
This is the daily thing this is very important with respect to the GS paper one this is the gutka and ancient form of the sik Marcel art so you must have listen the Gada gatka and Gada Gada let’s see Hanuman ji Wala Gada this is
The must have been seen so on same basis there is the they use this stick and yes there is the they also use the SE in this and this belong from the 15th century so yes this is all about next important thing this is just a thing that case is going
On under that Anan said that yes I we don’t participate in the Civil area so we should not be taxed whatever an income we have so what is the this is for the general study that the three sacred vows they they take vows of obedience Chastity and poverty means
They will not own the money Chast means they will not involve in the this Behavior with the other gender means so this Behavior with the any gender this like the sexual activity and Such Thing intimacy so they will not they will not involv in this and beside
That they will Obedience of the whatever this Bible tells for them okay so here they say that she cannot own property and will never marry this is also part of this so this saying that we it is like the death from the Civil area so
The judge said that if it is death from the Civil area this is death civil death so this will there is no point to talk because it is like the yes you cannot a Deb a civil Deb cannot have the fundamental rights and cannot involve in regular activities so
But this church is talking that it’s only talking the sense of that their uh their association with the property and property right so they cannot even own from their parents okay so this is all about special leave petition is the power of Supreme Court to take any course under its jurisdiction
Jurisdiction means from the lower court from the any of the lower court they can ask transfer of the that particular case to them and they can also accept any case if you will write something to the op Judiciary it is the power under article 136 so you should know this is
Special Le petition this is very a strong power with the this here the Modi G has said uh told that no country can develop by whipping out its past so yes it is very important he is right that no country can but he should understand from the past it is we loar
That what is good what is bad it is not that if someone has harmed you you are going to harm them as well means if they have broke your temple in the fight back you cannot broke their mosque you learn that because they have done bad thing
That’s why we are remembering now if you will do the same thing in the future you will be remembered in the same manner are you getting that means I for I can blind the word if you will not learn from that perspective so this is very right that yes
You have to learn from your past next important news that is relevant for us uh yes any this is political yeah this is relevant for us this is interview and this is with respect to the what are the uh reform we are going to take into the area
Of Economics so he has men saided that health and learning outcome this is the area and EEG MSM is micro small and medium Enterprise compliance so there is a lot of paperwork still they face MSM sector so government want to reduce this and government want to Next Generation
Reform so what is the next Generation reform so next Generation reform here it has mentioned that energy security aspect in the context of the energy transmission means there is the uh this uh discom this distributor of the this electricity the these companies they are facing some of the L proces due
To the different subsidies given by the state government so they they’re talking that there should be the viability that yes it is such a manner that yes it is viable for the discoms as well as it can be affordable for the common man so there should be the balance that we need
To make beside that he is talking that this uh this next Generation means the area where there is the lot of uh this means this consultation and the cons building between the state government and the stakeholders okay it is talking about the this third Next Generation reform is associated with the where the
State government and the local bodies they are involved for example like the health health is the jurisdiction of the state if they are into the maximum they are into the con concurrent list means both state and union have the equal power so most of this thing is from the area of the state
List or the concurrent list so here it’s involved the state as well as the government as the um grassroot level okay so if anyone ask about that what is the next Generation reform that we are expecting this is the skill issue Land Reform land con uh conservation uh land conversion okay and
Labor code notification these are the area where government is thinking and here there is need to consultation with each other so this is all about uh in the this article next important news that we will take yes this is very important with respect to the society this is talking about the child
Uh bonded labor and the child right so this is the bonded labor bonded level system abolition act that’s talk about the this uh this how this District administration they are responsible for the eradication of this practice of bonded level okay so here it has mentioned it has given a
Case study that there has been the child those adolescent they have been risked but they are feeling bad about this why they are risked they are not able to earn the money are you getting this now they are they are forced to they are not forced to they don’t have the choice
They have the compulsion they don’t don’t have the education they don’t have the other way to earn they don’t have the better living condition what can they do they even their parents want they to work and ownn something it is better to ownn something to perish in
The poverty and hunger so they are talking that they were earning this money despite there were the harassment from the employers even employers if they are getting that yes they here they are giving them training some Skilling and in that area uh at that period they
All also try to exploit these young and even after this risk operation from The District administration these employers make them priz threaten them because these their parents those children who were risk their their parents also are known to the those employees and the agent and they start threatening that we
Will not give you job if you will go with the this law you please give return back whatever the fine they are giving to those children uh they are also returned back they are because they are threatening their parents so this is all about now we will take the
New this article this is with respect to the Civil Society this is very important article this is analyzing the GS paper 2 GS paper 1 ESS because you can use in all this paper this is analyzing the uh constitutional provision particularly with respect to the Preamble this is also talking about
The thought of Mahatma Gandhi and edka this is also talking about the yes what is the Constitutional value so you can use it into the essay as well this is very much important with respect to the uh this men’s paper okay so this is first started with the context of the
This Parliament when new Parliament was U inaugurated there was the one of the Constitution copy was given to the member and in that Constitution this uh the Preamble doesn’t have the Socialist and secular so yes uh this was this was considered that whether it is intentional or what so yes uh the
Analysis was that whether this secularism or the this socialist and this all reflect the uh the spirit of Constitution or the state whenever change they can change the spirit of constitution is this possible and this is talking about the what is the role of the Civil Society to protect the
Constitution and constitutional value because whenever the different government comes the nature of the state change and they interpret the this constitution in different manner so here it is talking that what is this the most important thing is that it is the we the people that is talking about that is
Start with the Preble start with the we the people and in that we start with that that this constitution value this doesn’t give all the power to the state but it is to the people and this is the spirit of the popular sovereignity that’s talk about the we the people here
It has mentioned that in the uh this book The Constitution of IND the popular sovereignity and Democratic transformation written by the S bani Shin she mentioned that revolutionary potential of the Constitution inheres In This Very Spirit of popular sovereignity means we the people the people are the main power holder
Okay but we have seen that this constitution there has been always the dialogue among the contending political actors okay so the important important important Focus area for this dialogue is that the character of Ines Republic okay so Preamble explicitly mentioned what is the main goal of this uh State
This constitution this whole structural mechanism of the poity in India so it has mentioned that securing Justice Liberty and equality okay so this is for the Indian citizenship but here it has mentioned the RO of this how they are Interlink with each other the edar himself has brought this Liberty
Equality and fraternity we will discuss before that we will know that yes here when we reduce sovereignity to the political Community okay to the me State sovereignity we reduce the Constitutional Province given above to the walk aspirational floating in either okay so what we need to implement this
All we need a dising citizen of the vigilant participant okay are you getting this means the citizenship not always Show the V to the any of the leader or any of the party or anyone because he the citizen is itself the highest power holder in the Constitutional mechanism We the People
It’s talk about the we the people we vote we bring the people in the power and that that doesn’t mean that we stoop to that law that we do not able to protect any harm if that power holder is going to cause this Constitution or the society so this citizen who are very
Vigilant who question the government they are always as part the spirit of the Constitution as for this writer okay there is also famous quotation that u a patriot must always ready to defend its country against its government so it is always the government who is causing the
Threat to the Any Nation more than the external enemy it is the internally if there is the capture of the power for example take the example of the M military take the took the power and they they are killing the civilians their own people do anyone else going to
Fight or the killing their own people it is their own military you will take the example of any of the dictatorship in anywhere of the world government power by the few of the dictators or the one of the party cause the largest and most harm to the that country so that is it
Is the dising citizenry that is always needed for a healthy democracy and functional of the Constitutional okay so who will H this the dising if the dising citizen is not this is the elite and there is the non- elit both can be act as the Discerning citizen okay so as for
The Western tradition in the west there is always educated class and those educated class they always very active with respect to the this constit tional provision in their country okay they are Watchdog they work at the Watchdog function okay and they counterbalance the state if the state is implies any
Constraining excess of the government power okay in India same way we have the English speaking this Elite okay and particularly the the journalism Civil Society activism they are there for example take the example of the pisan buan he’s the activist his type of the El Civil Society he always going into
The Supreme Court and bring some of the issue the people are facing okay so this uh this is from the Western tradition okay but India had its own way of the Civil Society where the grassroot level they are ex they are assorted in the form of like the social movement form of
Movement labor groups human right activist subone cost and tribal movement so alone C that exclude the those who are the weaker sex like the women’s like the dalit tribal uh okay so trans sub Alon okay so please remember this and this is reflected in the form of like
The agitations by the delit in Una that you must have remembered that there was the case that some of the delit youth were flogged by the some of the activity there traditional activity and few of the upper cast so-called upper they considered against their own religion
And that’s why this is this was very in let’s see let me show you that yes this was the picture from the UNA and after that there was the huge movement they start demanding as please give us our right we don’t want to involve in such activity like the what you consider bad
This is not our choice this is you have forced us to do this thing so they started asking for the land rights and there was huge and it was under the Jes meani who Who Rose to the the national level politics okay so this is talking about yes such movement form of movement
Such as the we saw that this form of movement in the Punjab and harana patal gari movement in the jarand okay do you know what is this this is the movement that the tribal in their Village they they bring a stone large Stone they write that external external any
External people are not allowed in their Village and they they saw their they assort their Sovereign right in the village all the resources okay so many times it was it was considered by the Indian State as the security threat many times it was associated with the maist
Movement but yes this patal Movement by itself was not that much but it was a like a self assertion of the self-rule at the local level so there is different interpretation by the different people but yes they assorted their rights their rights within the people at the
Grassroot label okay we also saw the nation white protest by the Muslim against the citizenship Amendment act also so these are the form where the Civil Society assorted its right against the government power and against the government okay so this is all about here uh it has
Shown that the relation between this uh Elite English speaking Elite civil society and this gross root Civil Society they are the Elite like the I give example of the pan Busan and the others liar who live in the big cities but yes they have some concern for the
Common people they go into the Supreme Court High Court they give the protest sometime protest uh and yes they do their own way of the upholding the Constitution this is the grass root level and they have the Rel here it has mentioned that this English speaking elit consider them as the Civil Society
But below their own level and they think that they are the like the emotional and irrational of sords okay can you remember can you link with the this Congress the extremist and the moderate the type of that so this Civil Society is like the moderate they are the
Extremist okay so they consider they give the support but many times they considered inferior to them so this is not good they should treat them equally here it is talking about the how the edar was uh imagining this sovereignity and this constitutional framework he think that there is the Liberty equality and
Fraternity and which can not be diversed from each other that is the Supreme thing that we have to implement okay so here it has mentioned that they are very much connected to each other you cannot diverse this equality from the Liberty Liberty from the equality this both Liberty equality from fraternity you
Have to Interlink and you have to implement all these three at once not in the segregated man for example let me explain this so yes if Liberty is only given to the every person and there is the society there are the three people who are very
Much strong and there are 10 people who are very weak okay they have the all the resources they have captured all the land what is that if we we will give the Liberties to do whatever you want to do they will make them slave for always
They will never let them grow okay so this Liberty of doing anything will cause this slavery per perpetuating for the lifelong for these people even for the many generation so what is necessary this Liberty should be cved they should be made equal participation in the
Resource of this land and by that we can bring some of the positive affirmative action like the reservation or reservation or we can provide them some scheme so that they can get education they can give opportunity to open new shops new businesses so that they can also grow
With respect to them they cannot force them to do anything there should always be a law that should be implemented on this and these people equally so Liberty and equality both are needed okay here Liberty cannot be cannot be brought without the equality equality is also needed because the law should be
Implemented to the these people this people equally okay despite they are the rich that doesn’t matter it doesn’t matter that how much how much money Amani have but his one vote is equal to my vote he is the equality in the political sphere so Liberty is given
That yes you can do the business you can own as much as possible but you cannot make anyone slave as well means Amani cannot kill anyone despite whatever their they can be the PO they can’t be the PO so equality in the law you cannot kill okay so Liberty doesn’t mean given
In a such a manner that it’s become a tyranny okay in the same way we cannot bring this equality blindly okay I cannot tell each people in the country to do same work all the people have to pull the r all all the people have to be
Walk in the field they have their we have we can give equal opportunity to do all yes you have the schools go in the schools and if you are able to do some butter performance you can be you can be an engineering doctor or anything and if
You are not performing you could be doing something else okay in your own sphere so opportunity is given but we cannot force that everyone go even he has better ability go into the field and work okay so everyone will be given to get some better position but it doesn’t
Mean that equal uh every all the thing is imposed to the everyone means equality cannot be p on everyone in the same manner in each is spere if it is like that means everyone have to just study till 8 but I have more capability
I can do research so I can bring the new thing to the uh Society maybe there is the bulb I can bring the better lightening technology okay so that’s why if you will curve everything by the equality blind equality will not allow me to do something else which if I have
The some better quality okay so equality is cannot be can not be imposed blindly that you should understand so equality should be there but it should be the equal opportunity and equal implementation of Law and other thing but yes someone if want to do something better so they can be given the chances
Equality means always in positive direction means if two people are here they have the good position and five people are a bit low so it is not that we will reduce them and make them equal the equality should be brought in such a me to improve their condition to the their
Level everyone should have the higher it doesn’t mean that to bring equality it just reduce them to that level okay this type of equality is not positive thing always there should be the if the equality we are going to achieve it should be always for the upper movement okay
Okay upper movement everyone should be the at the upper level and the good IND this this okay in the last it is uh he is telling that the if you will have uh equality and Liberty without equality and Liberty you cannot bring the fraternity fraternity means Brotherhood means if the people
Have so much if the society has so much inequality in the society if some people are so much at the high level and so low level and and they consider them as the inferior and they think the these people as the their exploiter and operation so what there will be always enemity there
Will be no Brotherhood for the Brotherhood they will have to also a good chance to reach at that position beside that they should respect despite being at the higher position he should respect this person he should also respect their hard work their value so that’s only the this fraternity can be
Achieved so this is all about here next thing uh edar has um edar has compared this Buddha’s thought as well edar this book Buddha and the future of the religion please remember this this is very important with respect to the PRS upsc can ask that this book is written by whom so it
Is the edar Buddha and the future of religion so here in this book Buddha said that it didn’t believe that law can be guaranteed for the breach of Liberty or equality okay so law is just there a a neutral thing when the people are good
Even the bad law can be used in a such a manner that is the good for everyone even if you will write a very good book for the law everything is written in a well manner yes everything will there will be the equal protection of the law
Equality in the people there will be everything right to life right to religion right to freedom of religion right to education everything is written but a bad people is there he will start misusing all this and he will not going he will not implement or means he will
Implement the thing as per their own self-interest so it is not the law but the people and those Civil Society who held this power hold accountable only then the law could be better in that case here the gadhi and gadii and yes this m both have the equal thought of
The uh means of the how can be the better Society can be achieved gadhi G was talking about the self-rule so as for the gadii s for the Gad did not mean that this is mechanistic this is this Sage is in a such a manner it shouldn’t
Be mechanistic self rule but it is a self self- realization where you realize the power given to you where you realize what is your responsibility as the citizen and you held this by the truth force and the love Force okay it is not by the power but it is by the your ainsa
Your satra that should be the implemented and this this every self is deeply featured and sovereignity is Ubi ubiquitous always exercised every day by the self this is done by the everyone every citizenry by introspecting their your own role in the society you are you are also questioning the those who are
In the power this is all about okay here it is stating that it should not be the the self in a such isolated manner as it was given by the colonial rule okay so politically fabricated holess or the boundedness accorded to the self like the Hindu self Muslim self this is like
The colonial they have divided us into this this will cause the Bloodshed as we have seen during the colonial period so there should not be the Hindus and Muslims self it shouldn’t be thinking in the isolation that yes this group is the group of Hindus and this group is the
Group of Muslim they will think no this should be interdependent with each other they should protect each other right it shouldn’t be that I will just think about this I will think just about this this should not be that okay this should be that Pro proper respect there should
Be the interaction between them and the interaction is such that they can understand their position that how why they are doing so and how we can resolve this issue they should think that how they are thinking and how we can resolve their issue so this debate this deliberation should be like that only
Then we can protect the Constitutional values in the order societal values okay so this is particularly talking and even the country like the Japan they have faced this mindset of colony and they have faced issue with their own during the second world war particularly when 1940 50 there was the militaristic rule
And that harmed the Japan itself okay so here it is talking about the a progressive Civil Society in India can only be plural Civil Society it include everyone delit women transgenders and yes tribals in every section okay and that’s why it is the structure on the free and equal participation of every
Community no Community is lower or the inferior to the other okay you have to regard each Community socially any stage equal okay so this dialogue should be mutually understanding each other and supporting each other then only we can achieve a good Society this is all about this is very good uh very nice
Very means it has written in such a way you should please revise again it next important news is respect to the education system this talk about the micro credential in the education system and it is particularly talking about the how we can bring some of the scaling and
Uh it has given this scaling the name as the microed credential okay so it is like means when we go for the sum of the Skilling now we go for the computer course maybe I am going for a learning the C+ or Java or the uh going to learn
How this PP Works PPT can be done in a b manner can be prepared or to know that how I can prepare the web web development so this is this has named it a micro credential it will have the Lesser duration but the skill of gradation and it is talking about that
This will bring uh this will bring the need of the industry as well in the education system generally when we studying our schools and college they have the very traditional very traditional way of teaching but the the demand of this companies are very different for example if the there is the company that
Is making the uh this refrigerator it need the compression but if in the college they teaching to how to grow the potato what will be the need okay so the the education system there is the need for the know the potato all as well so there
Should be the if those who want to go in the farming they should be teach potato how to grow the potatoes in much effective manner much productive Manner and who those who want to work for the this construction this development of this compress and other thing they
Should have the their uh their own stream of the teaching Skilling should be there one everyone should not be uh be taught same thing okay so this is talking about that yes India had the this is the short duration learning activity and yes there will be the proof
How much you have learned how much you have improve on this area Okay so this should be also the microc credential can also be designed to the long loaring lifelong learning that like I a working profession and I am lacking with the new development in the society or in the
Technology I should also learn okay so it has given the example of there are the many initiative such as the digital badges micro master degree Nano degree and online certification already is there and the companies that has started like the alan.com CR and all these are
The company who who have started s this short duration course that is known as the micr credential okay so this is talking about yes so our informal degree this formal degree that we give okay so this is based on the lecture tutorial and other that is mainly on the time
Dependent time in the different area class and the lab and this doesn’t assess the output we get the skill we learn this is just consider the time we have spent in the lab and other area so this is talking about now we should shift to the uh area where it’s
Endorsement is the workplace and higher education institution okay so all these things should be brought in this area and India has now brought the national credit framework okay what is this this is spells out the learning outcomes and the corresponding credit a student should accumulate in order to progress
In the next level okay so this is same as that that the evaluation on the credit whether you should be you should be uh given the chance to the go to the next level if you have the proper credit that is based on the scaling and one good thing about this
This is the portable and they can be Interlink with the different systems as well okay to ensure this micro credit denotes genuine acquisition of skill they must be aligned with the higher education okay so it is it doesn’t mean that the traditional education and this credential this should be the integrated
With with each other tradition education there is need for that as well because we have we need some of the ethical thing or the different traditional thing but yes Skilling and this should be go in hand to hand means they should go in a u with the same same page
Okay next uh thing that it has mentioned that is how we can Implement uh depending on the duration learning outcome micro credential can be given to between to the five uh this has given how it should be implemented this Integrity you don’t need to go into this
And yes uh is there is demand so yes there is the demand because with the this National Education policy now that we have brought in 2020 that is talking about the skill education beside that uh with employers also looking for the young employees with the with the this
Productivity they can use in their their factories their company and yes Loos are increasingly being this micr credential la value added so what is the Need You can conclude that with this statement that we need to bring regulation this regulators and this higher education institution in a such a manner that
Harmonize micr credential with the existing academic program so there should not be disruption in a drastic manner so this is all about next important news that we talk about yes this news that already has uh in the public domain with respect to this rooftop solar panels that government
Want to install already we have studied that the government has mentioned that there could be the 15,000 benefit of the each household on annual basis and beside that uh what is the scheme that this 300 unit uh those will be included those househ would be brought they have
The capacity around 300 units of the uh monthly basis or less than that and we know that there are already 80 80 to 85% of our household who have the consumption capacity lesser than 100 120 uh per month okay this is also talking how it will be implemented
Already there was the scheme there was scheme and under that this was the 40% subsidy was given for the all the input cost now it has increased to the 60% subsidy and rest will be financed by the this private prate developer who will be Affiliated to the public sector
Enterprise connected to the power Ministry so the difference is that previously it was the state government now it is the central government beside that there is the mechanism of net metering means if there will be the extra money extra unit of the uh more production it will be connected to the
Greed and yes if you there will be the there will be the uh there is always this nature of the solar energies that these are the intermittent there is the chances of they could fluctuate so fluctuation chances can be uh reduced without without uh beside that we can
Also get some Surplus electricity and yes there could be the uh that could that could support the deficit in the area of the energy okay here it is talking that already this this solar panel they have very less amount uh in the total uh total production of the
Solar energy only 12 gwatt out of 40 G is this from the household rest is the commercial and the this this large business or the industrial okay means this is only 12 gwatt that is the household this is with the household section okay so yes this is all
About next important news is with respect to this uh bottom tring this is associated with the Fisher man Fisher man in the area of the Sri Lanka and Tamil Nadu so yes this is mainly associated with that whenever there is a tussle between the Fisher man from the Indian side and the
Tamil Nadu side and this is talking about the what is the misuse of the bottom tring bottom tring is like if this is the CA and this is the the Bott this is the see this is the water level this talling toing fishing is like the
You just touch from this uh fishing knit touch from the this bottom of the sea and they try to drag it and by that they catch the fces but this is the not uh healthy for the environment because there is the many microorganism many other species who caught and who get who who
Die in this process so this this is not for the diversity of oan this kills lot of species and this is creating the threat so even this is not in uh environmentally sound this is not also sustainable because if you will catch all the all the P species so
What will be for the next Generation how there will be the growth of the those who are just uh taken the birth okay so you kill all all this fishes okay so there is the tussle and there is also issue with that the government of Tamil Nadu and the uh
This Indian government has banned this but still it is not able to implement uh this this and Tamil Nadu Marine fishing regulation act they have uh they have uh without this mechanized fishing boats and it is for the three nautical miles from the coast but in the sea uh there
Is no exact uh um this sign of where we are going to cross our boundary so Marine boundary is very much V and that’s why the other issue is taking place and due to this the security of The Other Nation they always try to arrest and there is the chances that there will
Be the remand and due to this they are into the custody for the longer time so this is all about there has been the joint working group from the both of the country they want to handle this issue but due to the lack of implementation we
Are not able to see it any positive result so what we need we need to this uh balance this deep sea fishing and also this toing and also the compassion and the period uh the talks would be the frequent this is all about here I consider that I have covered all of the
Uh relevant area of the today’s news so here we will conclude our session thank you for joining the session all the best J
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